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Unit 5 Wild animals --- 暑假预习讲义
01 课前导学
关键词 内容
学习目标 1. 能够正确使用"动词 + to-infinitives"结构。 2. 能够正确使用to-infinitives表示目的。 3. 能够正确使用"动词 + 宾语 + 带/不带to的不定式"结构。 4. 能够掌握本单元核心词汇（wild animal, giant panda, survive, protection, nature reserve, increase, population, harm, danger等）。 5. 能够用英语描述野生动物及其面临的生存问题。
学习重点 1. 不定式（to-infinitive）作宾语的用法（want to do, decide to do, like to do等）。 2. 不定式表示目的的用法（...in order to...）。 3. "动词+宾语+不定式"结构（tell sb to do, ask sb to do, want sb to do等）。 4. 后缀-ing, -ness, -ion构成名词的用法。
学习难点 1. 感官动词（see, hear, watch等）后接不带to的不定式。 2. 使役动词（make, let等）后接不带to的不定式。 3. help后不定式可带to也可不带to。 4. 后缀-ing, -ness, -ion的区别和选用。
02 核心词汇预览
1. wild animal n. 野生动物
2. giant panda n. 大熊猫
3. survive v. 生存，存活
4. protection n. 保护
5. nature reserve n. 自然保护区
6. increase v. & n. 增加
7. population n. 人口；种群
8. harm v. & n. 伤害，损害
9. danger n. 危险
10. endangered adj. 濒危的
11. extinct adj. 灭绝的
12. hunt v. 打猎，捕猎
13. hunter n. 猎人
14. fur n. 毛皮
15. horn n. 角
16. ivory n. 象牙
17. bamboo n. 竹子
18. kilogram n. 千克
19. gram n. 克
20. law n. 法律
21. government n. 政府
22. effort n. 努力
23. illness n. 疾病
24. disaster n. 灾难
25. pollution n. 污染
26. melting adj. 融化的
27. action n. 行动
28. meaning n. 意义，意思
29. feeling n. 感觉，感受
30. kindness n. 善良
03 核心短语预览
1. in the wild 在野外
2. live on 以……为食
3. as a result 结果
4. take action 采取行动
5. thanks to 幸亏，由于
6. at risk 处于危险中
7. in danger 处于危险中
8. round-the-clock 全天候的
9. look after 照顾
10. learn to do 学习做某事
11. be full of 充满
12. decide to do 决定做某事
13. want to do 想要做某事
14. in order to 为了
15. make laws 制定法律
16. live up to 活到（某岁）
17. against the law 违法
18. protect...from... 保护……免受……
19. take land 占用土地
20. as...as possible 尽可能……
04 重点句型预览
1. Humans and animals are family under the same sky. 人类和动物是同一片蓝天下的家人。
2. They're among the smartest animals on earth. 它们是地球上最聪明的动物之一。
3. They're the king of the animal world. 它们是动物世界的王者。
4. They often work as a group. I like their team spirit. 它们经常群体行动。我喜欢它们的团队精神。
5. Tiny, pink and quiet, with eyes closed... Xiwang was just 100 grams when I first saw her. 小小的、粉粉的、安静的，闭着眼睛……我第一次见到希旺时，她只有100克。
6. Her birth brought much happiness to us. 她的出生给我们带来了很多快乐。
7. We named her Xiwang because it means "hope". 我们给她取名希旺，因为它意味着"希望"。
8. In the beginning, Xiwang couldn't see, hear or even move. 起初，希旺看不见、听不到，甚至无法移动。
9. We gave her round-the-clock care. 我们给了她全天候的照顾。
10. At six months old, she began to eat bamboo. 六个月大的时候，她开始吃竹子。
11. Half a year later, she weighed over 35 kilograms. 半年后，她体重超过35公斤。
12. There is nothing more satisfying than seeing Xiwang grow into a big ball of fur. 没有什么比看到希旺长成一个毛茸茸的大圆球更令人满足的了。
13. When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after herself. 当她20个月大的时候，她学会了照顾自己。
14. The bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller. 竹林变得越来越小。
15. As a result, pandas may not have a place to live or enough food to eat. 结果，熊猫可能没有地方住，也没有足够的食物吃。
16. Luckily, the government has taken action. 幸运的是，政府已经采取了行动。
17. There are laws to protect giant pandas and more nature reserves for them to live in. 有法律保护大熊猫，还有更多的自然保护区供它们生活。
18. Scientists are working hard to help pandas have more babies. 科学家们正在努力工作，帮助熊猫生育更多的幼崽。
19. Thanks to all the efforts, the number of giant pandas is increasing. 多亏了所有的努力，大熊猫的数量正在增加。
20. For where there is Xiwang, there is hope. 哪里有希旺，哪里就有希望。
21. He began to eat bamboo for breakfast. 他开始吃竹子当早餐。
22. After that, he tried to exercise. 在那之后，他尝试锻炼。
23. A few minutes later, he decided to climb a tree. 几分钟后，他决定爬树。
24. He even wanted to climb over the wall！ 他甚至想爬过墙！
25. We prepare all kinds of food to give her a healthy diet. 我们准备各种食物来给她健康的饮食。
26. They made us all laugh. 它们让我们都笑了。
27. I saw a baby lion stay near its mother for protection. 我看到一只幼狮待在妈妈身边寻求保护。
28. Mr Wu asked us not to feed the animals there. 吴老师要求我们不要在那里喂动物。
29. It helped us (to) understand the importance of protecting animals. 它帮助我们理解了保护动物的重要性。
05 语法精讲与考点梳理
考点1：动词 + to-infinitives（不定式作宾语）
【定义】某些动词后面可以接不定式（to + 动词原形）作宾语，表示"想做某事"。
【常用动词】
常见接不定式作宾语的动词有：want, hope, wish, learn, plan, prepare, choose, decide, fail, remember, forget, agree, begin, start, try, like, love, need, manage等。
例句：He began to eat bamboo for breakfast.
例句：After that, he tried to exercise.
例句：A few minutes later, he decided to climb a tree.
例句：He even wanted to climb over the wall！
【要点详解】
不定式作宾语时，to + 动词原形。
否定形式为"not + to-infinitive"。
【练习1】He ______ (decide) to climb a tree.
【答案】decided
【详解】句意：他决定爬树。decide后接不定式to climb。故填decided。
考点2：to-infinitives表示目的
【定义】不定式可以用来表示目的，即"为了做某事"。
【结构公式】
主语 + 谓语 + （宾语）+ to + 动词原形 + 其他.
例句：We prepare all kinds of food to give her a healthy diet.
例句：We buy toys to make her happy.
例句：We also plan to give her a special cake and some gifts to celebrate her birthday.
【要点详解】
不定式作目的状语时，可以放在句首或句尾。
为了强调目的，可以用in order to + 动词原形。
例句：We prepare all kinds of food in order to give her a healthy diet.
【练习1】We buy toys ______ make her happy.
A. to B. for C. of D. with
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我们买玩具来让她开心。不定式表示目的，用to。故选A。
考点3：动词 + 宾语 + 不定式（带to）
【定义】某些动词后面可以接"宾语 + 不定式"，表示"要求/告诉/允许某人做某事"。
【常用动词】
tell, ask, want, teach, encourage, allow, warn, invite, order, help等。
例句：Mr Wu asked us not to feed the animals there.
例句：Mr Wu told us to wear a pair of comfortable shoes.
例句：Our Chinese teacher asked us to watch the animals carefully.
【要点详解】
不定式的否定形式为"not to + 动词原形"。
例句：Mr Wu asked us not to feed the animals there.
【练习1】Mr Wu asked us ______ feed the animals there.
A. to B. not to C. not D. don't
【答案】B
【详解】句意：吴老师要求我们不要在那里喂动物。否定不定式为not to do。故选B。
考点4：动词 + 宾语 + 不定式（不带to）
【定义】感官动词和使役动词后面接"宾语 + 不带to的不定式"。
【用法分类】
感官动词：see, hear, watch, feel, notice等
例句：I saw a baby lion stay near its mother for protection.
例句：We heard some birds sing in the trees.
使役动词：make, let, have等
例句：They made us all laugh.
help：可带to也可不带to
例句：It helped us (to) understand the importance of protecting animals.
【要点详解】
感官动词后接不带to的不定式，表示看到/听到完整的动作或过程。
感官动词后也可接动词-ing形式，表示看到/听到动作正在进行。
例：I saw him cross the road.（看到全过程）
例：I saw him crossing the road.（看到他正在过马路）
【练习1】They made us all ______.
A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed
【答案】A
【详解】句意：它们让我们都笑了。make后接不带to的不定式。故选A。
考点5：后缀-ing, -ness, -ion构成名词
【定义】这些后缀加在动词或形容词后面，构成名词。
【用法分类】
-ing：加在动词后面，表示"……的行为/过程/状态"
动词 名词（加-ing） 含义
mean meaning 意义，意思
begin beginning 开始
meet meeting 会议
feel feeling 感觉
hunt hunting 打猎
protect protecting 保护（动名词）
-ness：加在形容词后面，表示"……的状态/品质"
形容词 名词（加-ness） 含义
ill illness 疾病
kind kindness 善良
dark darkness 黑暗
sad sadness 悲伤
happy happiness 快乐
sick sickness 疾病
-ion：加在动词后面，表示"……的行为/状态/结果"
动词 名词（加-ion） 含义
act action 行动
protect protection 保护
celebrate celebration 庆祝
express expression 表达
introduce introduction 介绍
invite invitation 邀请
【练习1】用所给词的适当形式填空。
（1）Wild animals need our ______ (protect).
（2）Thank you for your ______ (kind).
（3）They have feelings of ______ (happy) and ______ (sad).
【答案】（1）protection （2）kindness （3）happiness; sadness
07 过关检测
一、用所给词的适当形式填空（不定式作宾语）（共6题）
1. He began ______ (eat) bamboo for breakfast.
2. After that, he tried ______ (exercise).
3. A few minutes later, he decided ______ (climb) a tree.
4. He wanted ______ (climb) over the wall.
5. She likes ______ (eat) apples.
6. She managed ______ (climb) up the tree.
二、用不定式表示目的合并句子（共4题）
1. We prepare all kinds of food. We want to give her a healthy diet.
→ We prepare all kinds of food ______ ______ her a healthy diet.
2. We buy toys. We want to make her happy.
→ We buy toys ______ ______ her happy.
3. Eagles use their eyes. They want to find small animals on the ground.
→ Eagles use their eyes ______ ______ small animals on the ground.
4. Whales make loud sounds. They want to talk to each other.
→ Whales make loud sounds ______ ______ ______ talk to each other.
三、用"动词 + 宾语 + 不定式"结构完成句子（带to或不带to）（共6题）
1. Mr Wu asked us ______ (not feed) the animals there.
2. They made us all ______ (laugh).
3. I saw a baby lion ______ (stay) near its mother.
4. The trip helped us ______ (understand) the importance of protecting animals.
5. Our teacher told us ______ (wear) comfortable shoes.
6. We heard some birds ______ (sing) in the trees.
四、用后缀-ing, -ness或-ion完成下列单词（共6题）
1. mean → ______（意义）
2. act → ______（行动）
3. kind → ______（善良）
4. ill → ______（疾病）
5. protect → ______（保护）
6. happy → ______（快乐）
五、单项选择（共6题）
1. He began ______ bamboo for breakfast.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate
2. We prepare all kinds of food ______ give her a healthy diet.
A. for B. to C. of D. with
3. Mr Wu asked us ______ feed the animals there.
A. to B. not to C. not D. don't
4. They made us all ______.
A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed
5. I saw a baby lion ______ near its mother.
A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed
6. The trip helped us ______ the importance of protecting animals.
A. understand B. to understand C. understanding D. A and B
六、完成句子（共4题）
1. 多亏了所有的努力，大熊猫的数量正在增加。
______ ______ all the efforts, the number of giant pandas ______ ______.
2. 结果，熊猫可能没有地方住，也没有足够的食物吃。
______ ______ ______, pandas may not have a place to live or enough food to eat.
3. 政府已经采取了行动。
The government ______ ______ ______.
4. 哪里有希旺，哪里就有希望。
______ there is Xiwang, there is ______.
参考答案
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. to eat（begin to do）
2. to exercise（try to do）
3. to climb（decide to do）
4. to climb（want to do）
5. to eat（like to do）
6. to climb（manage to do）
二、用不定式表示目的合并句子
1. to give
2. to make
3. to find
4. in order to
三、用"动词+宾语+不定式"结构完成句子
1. not to feed（ask sb not to do）
2. laugh（make sb do，不带to）
3. stay（see sb do，不带to）
4. (to) understand（help sb (to) do）
5. to wear（tell sb to do）
6. sing（hear sb do，不带to）
四、用后缀-ing, -ness或-ion完成下列单词
1. meaning（-ing）
2. action（-ion）
3. kindness（-ness）
4. illness（-ness）
5. protection（-ion）
6. happiness（-ness）
五、单项选择
1. B（begin to do）
2. B（不定式表示目的用to）
3. B（ask sb not to do）
4. A（make sb do，不带to）
5. A（see sb do，不带to）
6. D（help后可带to也可不带to）
六、完成句子
1. Thanks to; is increasing
2. As a result
3. has taken action
4. Where; hope

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