Unit 5 A fine balance 语法专练+讲义(含答案) 外研版(新教材)九年级上册

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Unit 5 A fine balance 语法专练+讲义(含答案) 外研版(新教材)九年级上册

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外研版九上Unit 5语法专练
Unit 5: A Fine Balance
核心语法:定语从句 (Attributive Clauses) (2) —— that 和 which 引导的定语从句
一、that 引导的定语从句
1. 基本概念
that 是定语从句中最常用的引导词,它的最大特点是:既可以指人,也可以指物。that 在定语从句中可以充当主语,也可以充当宾语。
2. that在从句中作主语
当 that 在定语从句中作主语时,不能省略。
示例:
· Streets, beaches and parks that are usually full of people remain empty.(通常挤满人的街道、海滩和公园变得空无一人。)—— that 指代前面的多个地点名词,在从句中作主语,不能省略。
· A forest is an ecosystem that supports the living of many plants and animals.(森林是一种生态系统,它支撑着许多动植物的生存。)—— that 指代 ecosystem,在从句中作主语,不能省略。
3. that在从句中作宾语
当 that 在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略。
示例:
· Is that the car (that) you bought last month (那是你上个月买的车吗?)—— that 作 bought 的宾语,可以省略。
· The book (that) I read yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天读的那本书非常有趣。)—— that 作 read 的宾语,可以省略。
二、which 引导的定语从句
1. 基本概念
which 用来引导定语从句,但它的先行词只能指物,不能指人。which 在定语从句中可以充当主语,也可以充当宾语。
2. which在从句中作主语
当 which 在定语从句中作主语时,不能省略。
示例:
· Without pollution, the natural wonders which have been hidden behind smog for years would appear again.(没有污染,那些多年来被雾霾隐藏的自然奇观将会再次出现。)—— which 指代 natural wonders,在从句中作主语,不能省略。
3. which在从句中作宾语
当 which 在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略。
示例:
· This is the book (which) I bought yesterday.(这是我昨天买的书。)—— which 作 bought 的宾语,可以省略。
三、只能用 that 的几种情况(中考高频考点)
which 和 that 在很多情况下可以互换,但有以下几种情况只能使用 that:
· 先行词是不定代词(如 everything、something、nothing、all、few 等)时,只能用 that。
· All that we need is time.(我们所需要的就是时间。)
· Is there anything that I can do for you (有什么我能为你做的吗?)
· 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时,只能用 that。
· This is the best film that I have ever seen.(这是我看过的最好的一部电影。)
· The first thing that we should do is to call for help.(我们应该做的第一件事就是呼救。)
· 先行词被 the only、the very、the same 等修饰时,只能用 that。
· This is the only book that I need.(这是我唯一需要的书。)
Unit 5 配套练习
一、单项选择
1. This is the best movie ______ I have ever watched.
A. which
B. that
C. who
D. what
2. The book ______ cover is red belongs to me.
A. which
B. that
C. whose
D. who
3. There is nothing ______ can stop him from achieving his dream.
A. which
B. who
C. that
D. what
4. The house ______ they built last year is very modern.
A. who
B. which
C. whose
D. whom
5. I like the stories ______ are written by this famous writer.
A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. whose
6. This is the first lesson ______ I have learned in this school.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. who
7. The only thing ______ I want is your happiness.
A. which
B. that
C. who
D. what
8. The car ______ was stolen last week has been found.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. whose
二、用适当的关系词填空
9. This is the book ______ I bought yesterday.
10. The film ______ tells an adventure is very interesting.
11. All ______ glitters is not gold.
12. The first thing ______ we should do is to help him.
13. I have read everything ______ you wrote.
三、按要求完成句子
14. 我昨天买的这本书非常有趣。(根据汉语意思完成句子)
The book ______ I ______ yesterday is very interesting.
15. The man is my uncle. He is standing there.(用who合并为一句)
16. This is the house. I lived in it ten years ago.(用which合并为一句)
17. She has lost the only pen. She likes it best.(用that合并为一句)
Unit 5 练习答案与解析
1. 答案:B
解析:本题考查先行词被最高级修饰时只能用 that 的规则。先行词 movie 前面有最高级 best,引导词只能用 that。故选 B。
2. 答案:C
解析:本题考查 whose 引导定语从句表示所属关系。cover 属于 the book,表示“书的封面”,应用 whose。which/that 在从句中不能作定语,who 指人。故选 C。
3. 答案:C
解析:本题考查先行词为不定代词时只能用 that 的规则。先行词是 nothing(不定代词),引导词只能用 that。故选 C。
4. 答案:B
解析:先行词 The house 指物,引导词在从句中作 built 的宾语,用 which(也可用 that)。故选 B。
5. 答案:B
解析:先行词 stories 指物,引导词在从句中作主语(are written 的主语),用 which。故选 B。
6. 答案:C
解析:先行词 lesson 前有序数词 first 修饰,只能用 that。故选 C。
7. 答案:B
解析:先行词 thing 前有 the only 修饰,只能用 that。故选 B。
8. 答案:C
解析:先行词 The car 指物,引导词在从句中作主语(was stolen 的主语),用 which。故选 C。
9. 答案:that/which
解析:先行词 book 指物,引导词在从句中作宾语,填 that 或 which,也可省略。
10. 答案:that/which
解析:先行词 film 指物,引导词在从句中作主语(tells 的主语),填 that 或 which。
11. 答案:that
解析:先行词 All 是不定代词,只能用 that。
12. 答案:that
解析:先行词 thing 前有 the first(序数词)修饰,只能用 that。
13. 答案:that
解析:先行词 everything 是不定代词,只能用 that。
14. 答案:that/which; bought
解析:先行词 book 指物,引导词在从句中作宾语,填 that/which,动词用 bought。也可直接填 bought(省略引导词)。
15. 答案:The man who is standing there is my uncle.
解析:who 引导定语从句,修饰 The man,在从句中作主语。
16. 答案:This is the house which I lived in ten years ago.
解析:which 引导定语从句,修饰 the house,在从句中作 in 的宾语。
17. 答案:She has lost the only pen that she likes best.
解析:先行词 pen 前有 the only 修饰,只能用 that。

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