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吉林东北师范大学附属中学
2025-2026学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题
一、阅读理解
A
The Minerals behind Energy Transition
Moving away from fossil fuels is not only about making clean energy, but also about the materials needed to build clean technology. Many green technologies depend on critical minerals.
The International Energy Agency says that demand for these minerals will grow very fast. By 2030, the world will need three times more critical minerals than today. By 2040, demand may be four times higher. Meeting this demand will not be easy. Many of these minerals are hard to find, unevenly spread across the world, and affected by price changes. So which minerals are most important
Batteries Lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and graphite are widely used in batteries. These batteries power electric cars and store energy from wind and solar power. As more people use electric cars, the need for these minerals keeps rising.
Power grids Electricity networks need aluminium and copper to move power from place to place. Copper is not rare, but it takes a long time to mine. It can take about 20 years to open a new copper mine, so supply cannot increase quickly.
Wind power Rare earth elements are needed to make strong magnets (磁体). These magnets are used in wind turbines (风力涡轮发电机) and electric car motors. Some rare earths are very scarce and are produced in only a few countries.
Because opening new mines takes many years, recycling is very important. Recycling old materials can reduce the need for new mining. However, recycling technology is still developing and cannot yet
For now, the world still depends on mining and limited supplies. As the clean-energy transition speeds up, having enough critical minerals will be just as important as building solar panels and wind farms. Without them, clean energy will be harder to achieve.
1. How is the demand for critical minerals expected to change
A．Steadily growing.
B．Sharply increasing.
C．Unevenly spreading.
D．Gradually declining.
2. Which mineral needs longest time from discovering to producing
A．Lead. B．Nickel. C．Copper. D．Rare earths.
3. Where is the passage most likely taken from
A．A tech magazine.
B．A miner’s diary.
C．A science fiction novel.
D．A product guide.
B
Life can feel terribly unfair. And yet for some people, when life hands them the worst possible situation, they are at their absolute best.
Jessie Joy Rees is just such a person. The blonde-haired, California kid with the big personality as fun as a day at the beach became the voice of courage for kids with cancer. Athletic and energetic, Jessie had her whole world in front of her, until she was diagnosed (诊断) with an incurable brain tumor (肿瘤) in 2011. Doctors estimated that she had just 1% chance of survival and less than a year to live. With no other treatment options, her family entered Jessie for a clinical trial. For weeks she underwent 30 rounds of radiotherapy (放射治疗). Amazingly, the pain and uncertainty never lessened her shine, and Jessie always remained positive throughout it all.
Three weeks into her treatment, Jessie asked an unusually mature question for such a young girl. Looking out at the other children who were also going through cancer treatment, she asked her parents, “How can we help them ” Jessie’s heart was bigger than any tumor. “She was determined to make other cancer kids happy,” her father Erik remembers. “How could we not help ”
Though 12-year-old Jessie had a slight chance of beating cancer, she determined to make the most of her time. The morning after her diagnosis, Jessie was at the kitchen table packing bags of toys for other cancer patients. The packages became hospital-safe plastic jars filled with toys, crafts and activities to surprise children while they are in the hospital for treatment. JoyJars, named after Jessie’s middle name, contain a little bit of fun during ordinary days, but mostly they contain a little bit of Jessie’s positive attitude that fills the room every time one is opened.
Jessie Joy Rees, a special soul who could radiate so much good in so short a time, passed away less than a year from her diagnosis. But her parents keep the joy alive. More than 400,000 JoyJars have been delivered to children undergoing cancer treatment in all 50 states and over 50 countries, with each stamped with her life philosophy “Never Ever Give Up”.
No matter how long or short our lives turn out to be, there is always room for a little joy.
4. What can we learn about Jessie from Paragraph 2
A．She had a slim chance to be cured of the brain cancer.
B．She refused to accept any form of medical treatment.
C．She had a reputation all over the world for her courage.
D．She was fond of having fun on the beach in California.
5. What inspired Jessie’s creation of JoyJars
A．Her intention to get rid of her physical pain.
B．Her need to raise funds for her medical treatment.
C．Her wish to bring emotional support to fellow patients.
D．Her goal to promote her life philosophy around the world.
6. What does the underlined word “radiate” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Give off. B．Hold back. C．Take in. D．Cut off.
7. What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph
A．A life without passion is a life half-lived.
B．Joy and sorrow are next-door neighbors.
C．A candle lights others and consumes itself.
D．When life gives you lemons, make lemonade.
C
What if I told you that people really grow plants in space It may sound like a movie story, but space farming is real. Scientists have been growing plants in space for more than 60 years. Today, astronauts grow plants on the International Space Station using special plant-growing machines.
At first, many people thought space farming was only for the future, like living on Mars. They believed astronauts could just bring all their food with them. This works for short trips, but not for long missions. A trip to Mars could take years, and food cannot stay fresh for that long.
Packaged food also loses taste and nutrients over time. If a ship carrying food is damaged, astronauts may have no food left. Growing plants in space is safer and helps protect astronauts’ health. Plants also help astronauts feel better. Caring for plants reminds them of Earth and home. Studies show that growing plants can lower stress, improve moods, and help people think more clearly. Because of this, growing food in space is very important.
Space farming is hard. There is no soil, very little water, no normal sunlight, and no room for mistakes. Every drop of water and every bit of energy must be used carefully. These problems are similar to what we face on Earth. As the world population grows, food, land, and water become harder to find. Climate change, floods, and droughts make farming even more difficult. This is why indoor farming, also called controlled environment agriculture, is becoming more important.
Indoor farms use lights, water systems, and computers to control how plants grow. LED lights, first developed for space research, now help plants grow indoors all year. But these farms still use a lot of energy.
Space farming teaches us how to grow more food using fewer resources. Scientists learn how to save energy, reuse materials, and grow plants in small spaces. These ideas can help both astronauts in space and farmers on Earth. By learning how to grow food in space, we also learn how to protect our future on Earth. But how exactly can we grow food in such extreme conditions
8. What can be inferred from early views on space farming
A．It was considered unnecessary for space travel.
B．It was mainly designed for scientific research.
C．It was believed to be impossible to achieve.
D．It was expected to solve food shortages on Earth.
9. Why does the author mention astronauts’ mental health
A．To explain why packaged food is unpopular.
B．To show another benefit of growing plants in space.
C．To compare astronauts with people on Earth.
D．To prove plants grow better in space conditions.
10. What is one challenge shared by space farming and Earth farming
A．The high cost of labor.
B．The lack of advanced technology.
C．The limited amount of resources.
D．The dependence on natural sunlight.
11. What is most likely to be discussed in the following paragraph
A．Astronauts’ life in space.
B．The history of space travel.
C．Problems facing Earth farming.
D．Technologies for space farming.
D
This might sound impossibly old-fashioned, but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, inspiration. It’s supposed to make us better citizens. But over the last decade, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. The unfortunate result has been inflation (膨胀) of both. They rise ever higher; learning doesn’t.
To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with D and F grades. Grade-point averages have steadily risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not. It’s not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scores are this wide and consistent (持续的), parents and the public should not be fooled.
That’s true not just of low-achieving students. In a 2023 survey, educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn, and 8 out of 10 teachers give in. It’s hard to blame them: A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don’t.
Unearned grades are damaging in many ways. Some students, armed with good grades, march off to college to find themselves in remedial (补习的) classes because they haven’t learned enough to take college-level courses. Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce. There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren’t even good at reading books.
Grade inflation has followed students into college. Some professors hesitate to grade accurately because of student evaluations, which are often more negative for tough graders. Remember that about 70% of college instructors are adjunct (兼职的) professors who have few job protections. Many Ivy League students have learned to cherry-pick easy-grading professors. Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more. We have to ask ourselves as a society: Do we want college to be a place of intellectual (智力的) growth or a performative exercise in grade fishing
12. What are parents fooled into thinking
A．The SAT is the best measure of their children’s abilities.
B．The purpose of education is to make better citizens.
C．Grade-point averages are vital for college application.
D．Children’s high grades reflect their exceptional abilities.
13. What is a consequence of grade inflation
A．Employers favor students with higher degrees.
B．Graduates fall short of employers’ expectations.
C．Remedial classes become required courses in college.
D．Low-achieving students find it harder to enter college.
14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Tough graders desire job security.
B．Easy-grading professors start grade inflation.
C．Student evaluations fuel intellectual growth.
D．Strict grading promotes real learning.
15. What is the best title for the text
A．The Game of Scores.
B．The Force behind Grade Inflation.
C．Today, Grade A is for Average.
D．Now, Learning Takes the Front Seat.
七选五
One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. ____16____ There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill.
Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively.
Keep your audience in mind.
Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. ____17____ This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information.
Don’t use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. ____18____ However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple.
____19____
If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills.
Consider the best method to deliver your message.
If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. ____20____
Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort.
A．Be patient.
B．Get the audience involved.
C．The best messages are often simple.
D．Speak directly to what matters to them.
E．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G．As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.
二、完形填空
When my dad planned a trip to Barton Springs Pool in the heart of Texas Hill Country, I was not really into it, so I went along ____21____.
I’ve never been fond of cold water. If the ____22____ isn’t perfect, I won’t ____23____ myself into any water. I’m the person who spends twenty minutes ____24____ into the water, lowering myself bit by bit, and allowing my body to get used to the icy depths.
Water was my father’s playground but my battlefield. Raised on rivers, he couldn’t understand why his son treated water like a ____25____. After I was born, we ____26____ to central Florida, far away from his childhood rivers.
At Barton Springs, I sat ____27____ on a rock while Dad glided (滑) through the water like a fish. He paused mid-swim, looking over at me and ____28____ perhaps for the first time that I had ____29____ him here not from excitement, but out of duty. With an encouraging wave, he urged me forward. Determined, I took a deep breath, ____30____ my shoes and jumped into the ____31____ water, hesitation melting into a mix of pride and surprise. When I surfaced, I ____32____ my dad staring at me with shining eyes. “Your grandfather brought me here when I was a kid.” he ____33____ fondly.
In that moment, I came to understand — courage isn’t about taking the dive, but choosing to take it ____34____ fear. Our differences might isolate (隔离) us like opposite riverbanks, but shared leaps of faith can ____35____ even the coldest divide between souls.
21. A．willingly B．hesitantly C．curiously D．excitedly
22. A．occasion B．pace C．current D．temperature
23. A．protect B．throw C．excuse D．rescue
24. A．slipping B．diving C．inching D．rushing
25. A．monster B．friend C．treasure D．mystery
26. A．headed B．journeyed C．moved D．returned
27. A．alone B．still C．silent D．straight
28. A．realizing B．regretting C．pretending D．agreeing
29. A．assisted B．ignored C．accompanied D．guided
30. A．stared at B．took off C．reached for D．pulled on
31. A．flooding B．falling C．flowing D．freezing
32. A．got B．heard C．imagined D．spotted
33. A．recalled B．argued C．admitted D．commented
34. A．beyond B．against C．despite D．without
35. A．bridge B．maintain C．reflect D．deepen
三、单词拼写
36. The new community has sports __________ (设施), including a swimming pool and a gym.
37. Tom sent an e-mail to his teacher with a learning plan __________ (附上) to it.
38. It is important to have a ________ (定期的) check-up at the hospital.
39. We should set off earlier, ________ (否则) we will miss the flight.
40. Last term, she __________ (寻找) professional advice on how to overcome sleep problems.
41. The mild and sunny __________ (气候) attracts many tourists to this island every year.
42. Some factories release __________ (毒) into the river, causing the death of fish.
43. __________ (判断) from his relaxed smile, he was quite satisfied with the result.
44. We lay quietly beside the campfire __________ (在下方) the bright twinkling stars.
45. They __________ (推迟) going to the beach due to the heavy rain.
四、完成句子
46. We ________ ________ ________ (打赌) that whoever lost the game had to wash all the dishes for a week.
47. ________ ________ (除了) academic performance, our school also values students’ all-round development.
48. The time for the exam ________ ________ ________ (用完). You only have fifteen minutes left.
49. Quite ________ ________ (偶然地), Peter found some old letters his grandpa wrote years ago.
50. Many students take part in voluntary activities ________ ________ ________ ________ (抱着……的希望) improving themselves.
五、语法填空
51. Much valuable evidence ____51____ (collect) to prove he is innocent so far.
52. The old couple wandered along the river, many sweet memories ____52____ (occur) to them.
53. We finally walked into ____53____ everyone considers a beautiful valley.
54. If not ____54____ (use) wisely, money can bring us lots of trouble sometimes.
55. She rushed to the station, only ____55____ (inform) the train had gone.
56. The writer published several essays, two of ____56____ describe local customs.
57. ____57____ (offer) a chance to study abroad, she still chose to teach in a poor remote area.
58. It was so noisy that we ____58____ not hear ourselves speak.
59. ____59____ was my parents who taught me how to approach life with the right attitude.
60. The goal of peace ____60____ (pursue) by many nations at this very moment.
六、短文填空
Historically, Chinese immigrants ____61____ the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period. What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then ____62____ a centre for Chinese culture. ____63____ residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, ____64____ do not speak English fluently. This allows visitors to experience ____65____ China.
China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, but it has ____66____ in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed ____67____ orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit ____68____ the moon to study its surface. On 23 July 2020, China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars. It arrived in February 2021 and then sent back lots of valuable information. And from 2021 to 2022, China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space station. In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module ____69____ of the Tiangong Space Station. This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly ____70____ of the universe.
七、书信写作
71. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim来信说他对中国的历史文化很感兴趣，并计划在暑假来中国旅游，希望能体验传统文化、品尝地道美食、感受当地人的生活。请你给他写一封回信，推荐一座你认为最值得去的中国城市。内容包括：
(1)推荐的理由；
(2)出行小贴士。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为 100 左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
I’m so glad to hear that you’re coming to China this summer!
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
阅读理解
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.C 11.D 12.D 13.B 14.D 15.C
16.C 17.D 18.G 19.B 20.F
完形填空
21.B 22.D 23.B 24.C 25.A 26.C 27.A 28.A 29.C 30.B 31.D 32.D 33.A 34.C 35.A
单词拼写
36.facilities 37.attached 38.regular 39.otherwise 40.sought
41.climate 42.poison 43.Judging 44.beneath 45.put off
完成句子
46.made a bet 47.Apart from 48.is running out 49.by accident 50.in the hope of
语法填空
51.has been collected 52.occurring 53.what 54.used 55.to be informed
56.which 57.Offered 58.could 59.It 60.is being pursued
短文填空
61.settled 62.became 63.Most 64.many 65.authentic
66.progressed 67.manned 68.landing on pleted the assembly 70.expanding our knowledge
书信范文
Dear Jim,
I’m so glad to hear that you’re coming to China this summer! I strongly recommend Chengdu for your trip.
Chengdu boasts profound traditional culture. You can visit Jinli Ancient Street to enjoy Sichuan opera and handicrafts. Besides, various delicious Sichuan food is well worth tasting. Local people live a slow and relaxing life, and you can easily communicate with them.
Here are some tips. Book your accommodation in advance. It’s also a good idea to learn simple Chinese greetings. I hope you will have a wonderful time in Chengdu.
Yours,
Li Hua

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