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读后续写思维破解高考英语完形填空
Ⅰ完形填空（记叙文）的语篇构成
语篇构成=故事情节+细节描写=
5W：who,when, 五大细节描写：情绪、心理、
where,what,how 动作、语言、环境
举例：2024年新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空
故事情节：
人物 I,a neighborhood friend,a girl,my sister,about 100 “local” bikers 时间 When I was a teenager →when I flew to San Diego→When I got back home
地点 at home→in San Diego→back home
冲突/矛盾 目标从跑步到自行车，最终放弃，领悟到正确的目标 文章主题 人与自我-做人做事-正确的人生态度
故事线索 (起)“我”受到朋友赢得马拉松比赛的激励而开始跑步→(承)因遇到更厉害的跑步者和跑步带来的枯燥，“我”放弃了跑步→(转)“我”转而骑自行车→(承)“我”又因在圣地亚哥骑车时遇到挑战而失去信心→(转)骑自行车也不再吸引“我”了→(合)“我”意识到自己设定的目标应该是自我驱动的。
细节描写：
I’ve been motivated --- and demotivated [1]--- by other folks’ achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ___41___ a marathon race. [2]Feeling motivated[3], I started running ___42___, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ___43___ for a “super,”[4] referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run --- 15 miles.[5] To be honest, I ___44___ it! Between the girl making my ___45___ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ___46___ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me![6] So I ___47___ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ___48___ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ___49___ her bike and went for a ride.[7] The ___50___: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such ___51___.[8] That day, I got ___52___ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ___53___.[9] I’ve ___54___ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ___55___ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.[10] 情绪描写：“我”感到被激励和灰心。 动作描写：“我”十几岁的时候，邻居的一个朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。 情绪描写：“我”被激励。 语言描写：有一天遇到的一个女孩告诉“我”，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练。 动作描写：第二天“我”跑了我最长的一次——15英里。 心理描写：“我”决定，“我”再次跑步的唯一原因就是：如果有只大狗在后面追我! 动作描写：所以“我”转而开始骑自行车。“我”弄到一辆好自行车，骑了很多次。“我”梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到“我”飞到圣地亚哥去看“我”妹妹。有一天她上班的时候，“我”借了她的自行车去兜风。 环境描写： 那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，“我”一次要骑上坡好几英里。“我”从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。 [9]心理描写：当“我”回到家后，突然，骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。 [10]心理描写：“我”已经开始接受：无论“我”为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的目标
Ⅱ完形填空解题步骤
名词解题技巧
（2024新高考Ⅰ卷） Between the girl making my ___45__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ___46__ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
45题答案：B.考察上下文语境，那个女孩的长跑使我的成绩显得渺小。
46题答案：D. 先看修饰成分，46题后面是定语从句I’d ever run again,空格作run的宾语，A,C都不能与run搭配，排除。再看上下文语境，我痛恨长跑了，所以（以后不想跑了）以后再跑的唯一原因应该是有条大狗在后面追（我才会跑）。
动词解题技巧
（2024新高考Ⅰ卷）When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ___41__ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running regularly, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ___43___ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon.
41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
41题答案：C.考察上下文语境，因为文章第一段提到了自己的目标受到别人的影响，本空下文又提及自己开始跑步，所以，本空应该是附近的朋友赢得了比赛对自己产生了影响，自己也开始跑步。
43题答案：D. 先看宾语，ask/look for a “super”,搭配逻辑不通，排除A和C。再看上下文语境，因为那个女孩在为双程马拉松而训练，所以我也想“长跑”，进而跑了自己最长的一次距离。
形容词和副词解题技巧
（2024新高考Ⅰ卷）Feeling motivated, I started running ___42___, but then two things happened.
A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
42题答案：A.考察上下文语境，自己受到激励，也开始（为马拉松比赛而）有规律地训练。
When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ___53___.
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
53题答案：D.先看感彩，此处表达“我”的感受，对于B非感受类形容词可排除。再看上下文语境，因为骑行受挫，所以回家后，自己熟悉的路线也没有了吸引力（不愿再骑行为参赛准备了）。
Ⅲ完形填空蒙题大法
答案均分规律：A,B,C,D分别为3-4个。若最后统计选项的个数，如果某个选项≥8个，肯定有答案错了。
答案相连概率：①相邻两个答案完全相同的概率较低，即出现AA，BB，CC，DD。（即使有，15个答案中一般不超过两次，且不同，即第一次是AA，第二次绝对不可能是AA）。②相邻三个答案完全相同的概率几乎为0，即出现AAA，BBB，CCC，DDD。
反义选项二选一。
形似选项二选一。
常识判断：①学科知识融合——渗透很多科技、文化、历史、地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。②注意中西文化的差异并巧妙加以利用。
Ⅳ例题（2023新高考Ⅰ卷）
Step1 宏观分析：以读后续写行文思路为依据，角色渗透法
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across the finish line.[1] As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. [2]She ____25____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____26____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____27____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention.[3] Once there, Lenoue was ____29____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____30____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.[4] As for Bailey, she is more ____31____ about why her act is considered a big ____32____. [5]“She was just crying. I couldn’t ____33____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”[6] Although the two young women were strangers before the ____34____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the ____35____ of human kindness won the day. 动作描写：在越野赛跑中，Melanie Bailey本可以早一点完成比赛，但她的延迟是因为她要背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。 情绪描写：在她前面的一名运动员因痛苦而哭泣。 动作描写：Bailey去帮助那名参赛者。Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走，但她不能。然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。 动作描写：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。 心理描写：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。 语言描写：Bailey对记者说，她正在哭泣。我不能离开她。我感到自己在做正确的事。
故事情节：
人物 Melanie Bailey，Danielle Lenoue，reporters,runners 时间 On Oct. 11→later
地点 in a cross-country race in Minnesota→in a hospital
冲突/矛盾 在越野赛跑中，Melanie Bailey背着受伤的Danielle Lenoue，延迟完成比赛 文章主题 关注体育与身心健康，在体育锻炼中锤炼意志，涵养体育精神。
故事线索 (起)在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey和Danielle Lenoue都参加了。→(承)Melanie Bailey看到前面的Danielle Lenoue因痛苦哭泣→(转)Melanie Bailey去帮助她，背着她跨过了终点线→(承)→(转)Danielle Lenoue在医院得到了治疗，Melanie Bailey接受记者采记。→(合)两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利
Step2 微观解题：词性解题法
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 24. A. race B. school C. town D. training 25. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 26. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 27. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 28. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 29. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 30. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 32. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 33. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 34. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 35. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
答案：21-25CADAC 26-30BDABB 31-35CDACB
较难题解析：
21C考察上下文语境，根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____28____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。
24A 考察上下文语境，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。
25C考察上下文语境 ，根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。
26B 考察上下文语境 ，
根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。
27D考察上下文语境 ，根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。
28A考察上下文语境 ，根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。
29B 考察动词搭配和上下文语境 ，根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。
31C 考察上下文语境， 根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。
33A 考察动词搭配。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。
34C 考察名词词义。当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。

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