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2026年人教版英语八年级下暑假作业--完形填空
Step 1 跳读全文，掌握大意。
重首句：第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨大意的突破口。
知大意：跳过空格，通读全文，先理解文章的大意。
Step 2 瞻前顾后，上下求索.
在了解文章大意的基础上，结合上下文，本着先易后难的原则，运用解题技巧来逐一敲定空格部分的答案。
Step 3 复读全文，核对答案.
把答案带入短文阅读一两遍，逐一检查、核对所选答案是否符合语言环境及上下文要求，并尽量确保没有不符合语言规范、不符合语法规则的选项。
1、语境推断：根据上下文语言环境和情节发展来确定选项
2、逻辑推理：结合前后句，利用前后句的因果，转折，递进，让步，条件等逻辑关系来推断选项
3、固定搭配：利用常见的固定搭配，固定句型和习惯表达来推断选项
4、词义辨析：通过对重点单词、短语意思的辨析来确定选项
语法分析：利用常见的语法知识来确定选项
（一）
Anger is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you very 1 . When your teacher gives you too much 2 , when your team loses an important game, when a friend borrows your favourite thing and then breaks it, or when you think your family rules are too 3 , you may get really angry.
Usually, your body will 4 you when you are angry. For example, you breathe faster, your face turns red and you may want to 5 your book, break something or hit someone. But sometimes, you hide your anger. 6 you do this, you may still get a headache or your stomach may hurt.
In fact, it’s not good to hide your emotion and it’s 7 for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in a right way, without hurting others or 8 . When you get angry, you can talk about it with others such as parents, friends or teachers. It’s 9 .
You can also do other things when you start to feel angry. Count from 1 to 100; Go for a bike ride; Think about good things and so on.
Remember how you act when you are angry can make everything better or worse. Don’t let your anger 10 you.
1．A．lonely B．upset C．shocked D．angry
2．A．pressure B．housework C．advice D．fault
3．A．practical B．important C．impossible D．strict
4．A．tell B．advise C．serve D．check
5．A．throw away B．give up C．come off D．hand out
6．A．Unless B．Although C．While D．Because
7．A．unusual B．comfortable C．normal D．negative
8．A．yourself B．myself C．ourselves D．themselves
9．A．helpful B．careful C．thankful D．hopeful
10．A．reduce B．control C．repeat D．behave
Last month, I read a book called Global Kids, Green Action. It tells stories about teenagers from different 11 . They work together to protect the earth. The book opened my eyes to many 12 traditions and new ideas about environmental protection.
In the book, a 15-year-old girl from Canada started a “No Waste Lunch” program at her school. 13 she first had the idea, many people didn’t support her. But she kept trying and finally made it. Her story 14 me a lot. I used to think that one person couldn’t do much for the environment. 15 reading the book, I changed my mind.
I decided to 16 a book recycling club at our school. The club collects used books from students and 17 them to village schools. It not only saves paper but also helps kids in poor areas read more books.
At first, I was afraid that 18 would join the club. But to my surprise, over 30 students joined it in one week. We have collected more than 200 books so far. We 19 sent 100 books to a primary school in a mountain village last week.
The teacher told us that our small action is really 20 to the kids there. I feel so proud of what we have done. Reading this book not only brings me knowledge but also teaches me to take action to make the world better.
11．A．countries B．schools C．grades D．families
12．A．strange B．common C．cultural D．natural
13．A．If B．When C．Unless D．Although
14．A．relaxed B．worried C．touched D．bored
15．A．Before B．After C．Until D．Since
16．A．set up B．put up C．take up D．pick up
17．A．sells B．throws C．gives D．returns
18．A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody
19．A．carefully B．successfully C．suddenly D．slowly
20．A．meaningful B．interesting C．relaxing D．boring
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The youngest daughter of Emperor Yan loved watching the sunrise. She once asked her father where the sun rose. Her father said it was in the Eastern Sea. She got very excited and 21 her father to take her there, but he thought she was too 22 to go there.
One day, the little princess went to the Eastern Sea alone without 23 anyone. She jumped into the sea and planned to swim there. 24 , there was a strong wind in the sea and she died because of it.
After her death, she 25 a beautiful bird and people called her “Jing Wei”. Jing Wei hated the sea very much because it took away her life. The small bird 26 to fill up the sea in order to keep others from falling into it.
From then on, Jing Wei flew across the mountain and the Eastern Sea, carrying twigs (细枝) and pebbles (卵石) and dropping them into the 27 . Day after day, she never stopped.
The sea 28 Jing Wei and said, “Stop doing that, little bird. It is 29 for you to fill me up.” “I’ll fill you up no matter how hard it is,” replied Jing Wei. The brave little bird 30 doing this without taking a rest.
Now we often use the story to describe people who will not give up until they realize their dreams.
21．A．promised B．warned C．allowed D．asked
22．A．young B．angry C．excited D．busy
23．A．making B．putting C．telling D．sharing
24．A．Unluckily B．Usually C．Recently D．Completely
25．A．got into B．turned into C．walked into D．ran into
26．A．decided B．cheated C．refused D．disliked
27．A．river B．mountain C．boat D．sea
28．A．looked like B．laughed at C．looked after D．helped with
29．A．necessary B．nervous C．impossible D．important
30．A．began B．avoided C．suggested D．continued
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
Volunteering is a great way to help people in need. Last year, I joined a volunteer club. I learned a lot from the volunteer 31 .
Every weekend, we go to the old people’s home. Many old people there live 32 and feel lonely. We often chat with them, sing songs for them and help them clean 33 rooms. Some old people 34 poor eyesight and have difficulty reading newspapers. We are glad to help them read news and stories.
Last month, our club decided to 35 money for disabled kids in the countryside. We sold our old books and toys in the community. Many neighbors came to 36 us. Finally, we got enough money to buy school things for those kids.
Doing volunteer work teaches me many 37 . It tells me to be kind and helpful. Helping 38 can not only bring happiness to others, 39 make ourselves grow up. We don’t need to do great things. Small kind acts can also change people’s lives. I will keep on doing volunteer work. I hope more people can 40 us and help those in need.
31．A．exams B．games C．rules D．activities
32．A．hard B．alone C．happily D．warmly
33．A．themselves B．them C．their D．they
34．A．suffer from B．look for C．wait for D．hear from
35．A．borrow B．spend C．save D．raise
36．A．refuse B．support C．watch D．stop
37．A．skills B．problems C．lessons D．mistakes
38．A．others B．other C．another D．the other
39．A．and B．so C．but also D．or
40．A．join B．hate C．leave D．forget
There was a rich old man. He had no wife or children. He decided to leave his 41 to one of his nephews (侄子). How could he find whether they were excellent
He thought hard and made a 42 . He sent a box to each of his nephews. In each box, there was a seed (种子) and a letter. The letter said: 43 this seed. Do your best to grow a beautiful plant. After three months, bring it to me.
One nephew was 14-year-old Ping. He put his seed into a pot and 44 the pot with good earth. He took care of the seed 45 every day and waited for it to grow into a beautiful plant. However, the seed didn’t grow at all. Ping then put the seed into a bigger pot and added richer earth. He continued to 46 the seed. Three months passed, but nothing happened.
When the time came, Ping went to the old man’s house with nothing. But his 47 arrived with beautiful plants. They laughed at Ping. Ping felt 48 .
To everyone’s surprise, the old man said Ping was the proper person. “ 49 I gave you the seeds, I cooked them, so they wouldn’t grow. Ping is the only 50 person here, so I’ll give my money to him,” he explained.
41．A．food B．video C．house D．money
42．A．plan B．deal C．dream D．joke
43．A．Throw B．Weigh C．Check D．Plant
44．A．compared B．filled C．mixed D．refused
45．A．luckily B．quickly C．carefully D．loudly
46．A．look after B．think about C．cut up D．bring out
47．A．classmates B．parents C．cousins D．friends
48．A．scared B．upset C．excited D．unlucky
49．A．If B．But C．Before D．Although
50．A．serious B．creative C．clever D．honest
阅读下面短文掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It was 2:30 pm in Wenchuan. I was having a music lesson 51 the ground shook hard. It was an earthquake! I rushed outside and was 52 to see all the buildings in pieces. Then, a pair of strong hands reached out — I was saved.
I never forgot those soldiers and nurses. They 53 against time to save people. I was deeply touched and made up my 54 to become one of them. Years later, I became a nurse.
One day, another hospital needed help. I signed 55 right away. I still remembered the 56 of those helping hands 12 years ago. It was my turn to help.
The work was not 57 . The head nurse, Ye Man, gave me a lot of help. She was a patient teacher and a kind friend. 58 , this wasn’t the beginning of our connection. She had also helped in Wenchuan 12 years ago. At that time, she was a new nurse, 59 me!
I still feel 60 to have had this experience. Love leads to love, and so creates a circle of goodwill.
51．A．before B．after C．if D．when
52．A．happy B．shocked C．excited D．relaxed
53．A．raced B．walked C．slept D．waited
54．A．memory B．kindness C．confidence D．mind
55．A．out B．on C．up D．in
56．A．cold B．warmth C．sadness D．darkness
57．A．easy B．hard C．interesting D．boring
58．A．Although B．But C．However D．Before
59．A．such as B．so far C．no longer D．just like
60．A．lucky B．unlucky C．tired D．afraid
阅读下列短文，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
As a volunteer teacher, I traveled a long way to a village school in Longzhou, Guangxi. On my way there, I thought 61 the school and the children there. “It must be new and big, with flowers everywhere,” I thought to 62 . But I got completely disappointed when I arrived there. It was 63 a small “school” that it didn’t look like a school at all! And there were only three rooms! One was for Grades 1, 2, and 3. One was for Grades 4, 5 and 6. The 64 one was for me.
The only comfort (安慰) was that the children welcomed me 65 on my first day. They asked me a lot of questions, and I told them stories about my life in Shanghai. The next day, I gave them a test. Although it was very easy, over half of the students 66 . I realized that they had trouble 67 new things, so they needed me. 68 then, I have been busy preparing lessons for them every night. I have seen that they are doing better and better with my help. What’s more, I have learnt a lot from them, and we have 69 good friends.
I love the small school and the children. The experience of teaching here is very 70 for me, and I will keep it in my memory forever.
61．A．into B．up C．about D．out
62．A．itself B．it C．me D．myself
63．A．too B．so C．such D．very
64．A．one B．three C．third D．thirdly
65．A．carelessly B．poorly C．quietly D．warmly
66．A．failed B．passed C．succeeded D．missed
67．A．learn B．learning C．play D．playing
68．A．After B．Before C．Since D．While
69．A．become B．became C．meet D．met
70．A．surprising B．forgetful C．unlucky D．meaningful
阅读短文，理解其大意，从各小题的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。
Now more young people like traveling abroad. When we visit other countries, we should learn about local 71 . Different countries have different ways to greet people. For example, people in Japan usually 72 when they meet, while people in Western countries often shake hands.
It is 73 to follow these rules. Good manners help us make a good 74 on local people. Sometimes small mistakes may make others feel 75 . So we need to act politely in different social 76 .
At the same time, while travelling, we should respect different cultures. We can try our best to 77 bad habits in public. Being kind and helpful can bring great pleasure to the world 78 . Many volunteers 79 their free time to help those in trouble. More people will 80 to join volunteer activities to get a warmer world.
71．A．customs B．plans C．dreams D．effects
72．A．kiss B．bow C．shake D．hug
73．A．strange B．necessary C．boring D．surprising
74．A．decision B．preparation C．impression D．choice
75．A．relaxed B．excited C．happy D．uncomfortable
76．A．occasions B．levels C．times D．parties
77．A．consider B．receive C．avoid D．reduce
78．A．terribly B．greatly C．recently D．proudly
79．A．use B．take C．hide D．save
80．A．sign up B．come along C．help out D．give up
Harry and Annie lived a mile from town, but they walked there to school every day. It was a pleasant walk around the small 81 on their way to school. In winter, when the ice was thick and firm (坚固的), they went across the river. But their mother did not like them to 82 this unless someone was with them.
“Don’t go across the river today, children,” she said, as she kissed them goodbye one 83 . “It is beginning to thaw (解冻).”
“All right, mother,” said Harry, not very happy, for he was very 84 in running and sliding on the ice.
When they came to the river, the ice looked 85 and safe.
“There,” Harry said to his sister, “let’s slide over it.”
“But you 86 mother,” said Annie.
“No, I didn’t. I only said ‘All right’, and it is all right.”
“I didn’t say anything, so I can do as I 87 ,” said Annie.
So they stepped on the ice. They had not gone far before the ice gave way, and 88 they fell into the water. A man who was at work near the river heard the screams (喊声) of the children and 89 into the water to save them. Harry managed to get out without any help, but poor Annie was nearly drowned (溺死) before the man could reach her.
They went home almost frozen and learned a 90 they would remember for a lifetime. From then on, they began to listen to their mother’s good advice.
81．A．road B．river C．hill D．garden
82．A．do B．see C．find D．solve
83．A．evening B．afternoon C．morning D．noon
84．A．lucky B．weak C．interested D．successful
85．A．hard B．thin C．clear D．strange
86．A．told B．asked C．reminded D．promised
87．A．like B．agree C．say D．show
88．A．slowly B．firstly C．suddenly D．surprisingly
89．A．walked B．rushed C．moved D．returned
90．A．subject B．lesson C．skill D．method
It is very important to prepare for natural disasters. Here is a true story of a family who survived a tornado because of good 91 .
One afternoon, Tom was watching TV at home. Suddenly, the TV gave a tornado 92 . The storm would arrive in a few minutes. Tom stayed calm and told his family to get ready right away.
They took their emergency kit, 93 water, food and a flashlight inside. Then they ran to the basement, the 94 place in their house during a tornado.
Soon, a loud noise came. The tornado hit the house. The wind shook the building and glass broke. The kids felt scared, 95 their parents kept them calm.
After about five minutes, the noise disappeared. They came out of the basement and saw great 96 : part of the roof was gone, but all family members were safe.
Later, Tom learned that their preparation 97 their lives. Some neighbors who had no plans got hurt.
Experts give some useful 98 . First, learn disaster signs. Second, prepare emergency things. Third, find a safe place and keep 99 all the time.
Nature is powerful. We can’t avoid disasters, but good preparation can greatly 100 risks.
91．A．luck B．courage C．preparation D．strength
92．A．story B．warning C．joke D．report
93．A．including B．except C．without D．beyond
94．A．darkest B．brightest C．safest D．coldest
95．A．and B．so C．but D．or
96．A．progress B．damage C．surprise D．success
97．A．saved B．lost C．risked D．changed
98．A．stories B．examples C．suggestions D．rules
99．A．nervous B．angry C．excited D．calm
100．A．increase B．reduce C．accept D．face
阅读下面短文，从短文后各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Los Angeles, a beautiful city between mountains and the ocean, often faces wildfire dangers. Climate change has made fires worse recently. It causes the temperature to rise and makes conditions even more 101 .
Scientists say strange weather—heavy rains followed by long droughts has the 102 of fires. Plants grow 103 with enough rain, but then dry weather makes them die quickly, and strong winds then spread fires fast. Human 104 raise danger too. Many old houses are made of wood, which catches fire easily. Some people are too lazy to clear the dry plants around their houses, even though it’s 105 for fire safety. People also build more houses 106 risky areas with forests around.
By 16 January 2025, wildfires in Los Angeles had killed 27 people, 107 over 12,000 buildings, and caused over $250 billion in damage (损失). Thick smoke made people 108 hard, harmed wildlife and killed many animals. Rescue teams worked day and night, but they still couldn’t 109 the fires for several weeks.
Experts suggest 110 future disasters: build fireproof (防火的) houses, avoid high-risk building areas, and clear away the dry plants.
Los Angeles is still beautiful, but its story warns the world: dealing with climate change is necessary for survival.
101．A．difficult B．dangerous C．boring D．noisy
102．A．risk B．way C．force D．value
103．A．slowly B．healthily C．quietly D．differently
104．A．occasions B．hobbies C．habits D．jobs
105．A．expensive B．lucky C．strange D．important
106．A．under B．in C．with D．below
107．A．broke down B．calmed down C．turned down D．wrote down
108．A．study B．feel C．breathe D．work
109．A．change B．forget C．clear D．control
110．A．looking for B．preparing for C．waiting for D．asking for
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将相应的字母编号涂黑。
On a sunny Saturday in late February, 13-year-old Rohan opened 10 boxes of children’s books. He was in Los Angeles, California, US with his family. They planned to give these books away to children, as part of a program Rohan 111 , called “Reading Among Ruins”.
Just weeks earlier, a big wildfire swept through Los Angeles. More than 6,000 buildings were 112 , including schools and houses. Rohan and his family lost their home in the 113 , and his favorite books were also gone.
“I was 114 ,” he told TIME for Kids. “It made me wonder how other people, other kids, felt about losing their books.” That question 115 him to create the program. He began to look for books for kids who were 116 by the fires. Some of the books came from writers, and some others were from book companies.
In its first month, “Reading Among Ruins” 117 more than 1,000 books to kids. Asher, 13, was one of them. “Using an online form, I asked for a few books by Stuart Gibbs,” he told TIME for Kids. Gibbs is one of his favorite 118 . Then, he got Gibbs’s Fun Jungle and Spy School series from Rohan. “It’s nice to know that other people also care about books and I want to help people get back what they have 119 .”
Rohan said that the kids were really 120 when they chose their books. As long as there is a need, he plans to keep helping.
111．A．joined B．started C．stopped D．blamed
112．A．saved B．damaged C．built D．beaten
113．A．storm B．flood C．quake D．fire
114．A．angry B．heartbroken C．curious D．relieved
115．A．encouraged B．punished C．weakened D．repeated
116．A．rewarded B．praised C．affected D．hurt
117．A．took back B．sold out C．picked up D．gave away
118．A．authors B．teachers C．actors D．athletes
119．A．left B．missed C．lost D．forgot
120．A．bored B．excited C．worried D．tired
参考答案
1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了愤怒这种情绪产生的原因、身体反应以及正确处理和宣泄愤怒的方法，建议不要让愤怒控制自己。
【详解】1．句意：许多事情会让你非常生气。
文章开篇第一句“Anger is a kind of feeling.”点明主题，后文列举了老师给太多压力、输掉比赛等场景，这些都会引发愤怒的情绪。“angry”意为“生气的”，符合句意。“lonely”意为“孤独的”；“upset”意为“沮丧的”，虽可能伴随愤怒，但此处直接对应主题； “shocked”意为“震惊的”，均不符合。
2．句意：当你的老师给你太多压力时，当你的团队输掉了一场重要的比赛时，当你的朋友借走了你最喜欢的东西却又弄坏时，或者当你认为家规太严格时，你可能会很生气。
后文“when your team loses...when a friend borrows...，when you think your family rules are too...”均属于压力来源，因此可推断老师给的是压力，“pressure”意为“压力”，符合句意。“housework”意为“家务”；“advice”意为“建议”；“fault”意为“过错”，均不符合。
3．句意：当你的老师给你太多压力时，当你的团队输掉了一场重要的比赛时，当你的朋友借走了你最喜欢的东西却又弄坏时，或者当你认为家规太严格时，你可能会很生气。
与“rules”搭配，且后文说明“you may get really angry”，可推测是规则严格。“strict”意为“严格的”，符合句意。“practical”意为“实用的”；“important”意为“重要的”；“impossible”意为“不可能的”，均不符合。
4．句意：通常，当你生气时，你的身体会告诉你。
后文举例“you breathe faster, your face turns red...”这些都是身体发出的信号，因此“tell”意为“告诉”，符合。“advise”意为“建议”；“serve”意为“服务”；“check”意为“检查”，均不符合。
5．句意：你可能想扔掉你的书、打破东西或打人。
“throw away”意为“扔掉”，与“break something”和“hit someone”并列，表示发泄愤怒的行为，故选“throw away”。“give up”意为“放弃”；“come off”意为“脱落”；“hand out”意为“分发”，均不符合。
6．句意：虽然你这样做时，你可能仍然会头痛或胃疼。
前文提到“you hide your anger”，后文表明“you may still get a headache or your stomach may hurt.”，说明即使隐藏愤怒，身体仍会出现不适，因此“although”意为“尽管”，表示让步关系，符合句意。“unless”意为“除非”；“while”意为“当……时”，更侧重同时发生，不强调让步；“because”意为“因为”，均不符合。
7．句意：事实上，隐藏情绪不好，有时生气是正常的。
前文说“it’s not good to hide”，后文说“get angry sometimes”可知，生气这种情绪是正常的。“normal”意为“正常的”，符合语境。“unusual”意为“不寻常的”；“comfortable”意为“舒适的”；“negative”意为“消极的”，均不符合。
8．句意：但在不伤害他人或自己的前提下正确发泄愤怒。
“without hurting others or”中“or”连接两个并列宾语，与“others”对应的是“yourself”意为“你自己”，符合句意。“myself”意为“我自己”；“ourselves”意为“我们自己”；“themselves”意为“他们自己”，均不符合。
9．句意：和父母、朋友或老师谈论它是很有帮助的。
与他人沟通对处理愤怒是很有用的。“helpful”意为“有帮助的”，符合句意。“careful”意为“小心的”；“thankful”意为“感激的”；“hopeful”意为“有希望的”，均不符合。
10．句意：别让愤怒控制你。
全文强调控制情绪，因此“control”意为“控制”，符合。“reduce”意为“减少”；“repeat”意为“重复”；“behave”意为“表现”，均不符合。
11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍阅读《全球儿童，绿色行动》后的感悟，受书中故事启发，在学校成立图书回收俱乐部，帮助乡村学校的孩子。
【详解】11．句意：它讲述了来自不同国家的青少年的故事。
下文提到“a 15-year-old girl from Canada”，说明书中人物来自不同国家，countries“国家”符合语境，schools“学校”、grades“年级”和families“家庭”不符。
12．句意：这本书让我见识了许多关于环境保护的文化传统和新观念。
“traditions”与“new ideas”并列，且环保实践常与各地文化相关，cultural“文化的”符合语境，strange“奇怪的”、common“普通的”和natural“自然的”不符。
13．句意：当她最初有这个想法时，很多人不支持她。
“she first had the idea”是时间背景，用When“当……时”引导时间状语从句，If“如果”、Unless“除非”和Although“虽然”逻辑不符。
14．句意：她的故事深深打动了我。
下文提到作者改变了对“个人力量”的看法，说明故事触动了他，touched“打动”符合语境，relaxed“放松”、worried“担心”和bored“无聊”不符。
15．句意：读完这本书后，我改变了想法。
“I changed my mind”发生在阅读之后，After“在……之后”符合语境，Before“在……之前”、Until“直到”和Since“自从”逻辑不通。
16．句意：我决定在我们学校成立一个书籍回收俱乐部。
set up“成立”符合“建立俱乐部”的语境，put up“张贴”、take up“占据”和pick up“捡起”不符。
17．句意：俱乐部从学生那里收集用过的书，并把它们送给乡村学校。
“to village schools”表明是赠送书籍，gives“赠送”符合语境，sells“卖”、throws“扔”和returns“归还”不符。
18．句意：起初，我担心没有人会加入这个俱乐部。
“But to my surprise, over 30 students joined”表明最初担心“没有人”加入，nobody“没有人”符合语境，somebody“某人”、anybody“任何人”和everybody“每个人”不符。
19．句意：上周我们成功地将100本书送到了山村的一所小学。
“sent 100 books to...”是既定事实，且带有成就感，successfully“成功地”符合语境，carefully“小心地”、suddenly“突然地”和slowly“慢慢地”不符。
20．句意：老师告诉我们，我们的小行动对那里的孩子们真的很有意义。
下文“I feel so proud”表明行动有积极价值，meaningful“有意义的”符合语境，interesting“有趣的”、relaxing“放松的”和boring“无聊的”不符。
21．D 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．D
【导语】本文讲述神话故事精卫填海：炎帝小女儿想看日出独自前往东海，不幸被风浪夺去生命，死后化作精卫鸟。它立志衔木石填平大海，日复一日从不休息，后人用这个故事形容永不放弃、坚持追梦的人。
【详解】21．句意：她十分激动，请求父亲带她去那里，但父亲认为她年纪太小不能去。
固定搭配 ask sb. to do sth.，意为“请求某人做某事”，asked(请求) 符合小公主央求父亲的语境；promised(承诺)、warned(警告)、allowed(允许)，语义和央求父亲带自己出行的情节不符。
22．句意：她十分激动，请求父亲带她去那里，但父亲认为她年纪太小不能去。
后文小公主偷偷独自出海，说明父亲觉得她年纪小不安全，young(年幼的) 贴合语境；angry(生气的)、excited(兴奋的)、busy(忙碌的)，无原文线索支撑。
23．句意：一天，小公主没有告诉任何人，独自前往东海。
without telling anyone意为“没有告知任何人”，telling(告诉) 对应她偷偷出行、无人知晓的情节；making(制作)、putting(放置)、sharing(分享)，无法搭配anyone表达隐瞒行踪的含义。
24．句意：不幸的是，海上起了大风，她因此遇难。
后文小公主葬身大海，Unluckily(不幸地) 引出悲剧结局；Usually(通常)、Recently(最近)、Completely(完全地)，情感逻辑不匹配悲剧情节。
25．句意：她离世后，化作一只美丽的小鸟，人们称它为“精卫”。
固定短语turn into，意为“变成、化作”，贴合死后化为飞鸟的神话设定；got into(进入)、walked into(走入)、ran into(偶遇)，无法表达身形转化的含义。
26．句意：这只小鸟决定填平大海，避免其他人再落入海中遭遇不幸。
后文精卫日复一日衔木石填海，decided(决定) 体现它坚定的想法；cheated(欺骗)、refused(拒绝)、disliked(厌恶)，和它坚持填海的行为相反。
27．句意：从那以后，精卫飞越山林与东海，叼来细枝和卵石，投进大海。
它的目标是填平东海，因此将木石丢入sea(大海)；river(河流)、mountain(大山)、boat(小船)，不符合填海的故事背景。
28．句意：大海嘲笑精卫，说道：“小家伙，停下你的举动吧。”
大海认为精卫填海是不可能完成的事，laughed at(嘲笑) 贴合大海轻视它的态度；looked like(看起来像)、looked after(照顾)、helped with(帮忙)，和大海嘲讽的语气矛盾。
29．句意：大海嘲笑精卫，说道：“小家伙，停下你的举动吧。你想要把我填平是不可能的。”
大海体量巨大，单凭小鸟无法填平，impossible(不可能的) 符合大海的观点；necessary(必要的)、nervous(紧张的)、important(重要的)，语义不通。
30．句意：这只勇敢的小鸟坚持做这件事，从不休息。
后文“Day after day, she never stopped”说明它持续不停填海，continued(继续) 贴合日复一日不中断的行为；began(开始)、avoided(回避)、suggested(建议)，无法表达长期坚持的含义。
31．D 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．D 36．B 37．C 38．A 39．C 40．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者加入志愿者俱乐部后，每周末去养老院帮助老人，以及为乡村残疾儿童筹款购买学习用品，从中感悟到帮助他人不仅能给他人带来快乐，也能让自己成长，并希望更多人加入志愿者行列。
【详解】31．句意：我从志愿者活动中学到了很多。
根据上文“I joined a volunteer club”以及下文具体描述去养老院、筹款等活动可知，作者参与的是志愿者活动（activities）。
32．句意：那里的许多老人独居，感到孤独。
根据后文“feel lonely”可知，老人们独自居住，alone意为“独自地”。
33．句意：我们经常和他们聊天，为他们唱歌，并帮他们打扫房间。
修饰名词“rooms”应用形容词性物主代词，且指代“old people”，应用their。themselves为反身代词，them为宾格，they为主格，均不符合。
34．句意：一些老人视力不好，读报纸有困难。
“suffer from”意为“受……之苦，患有……”，后接疾病或问题，符合语境。look for“寻找”，wait for“等待”，hear from“收到……来信”，均不符合。
35．句意：上个月，我们的俱乐部决定为农村的残疾儿童筹款。
后文售卖旧书玩具换取资金，raise money为固定搭配，意为“筹款”。borrow“借”，spend“花费”，save“节省”，无筹集资金的含义。
36．句意：许多邻居来支持我们。
根据前文“我们卖掉旧书和玩具”以及后文“最终我们筹集到足够的钱”可知，邻居们来购买物品即表示支持，support意为“支持”，符合邻里善意帮忙的场景。
37．句意：做志愿者工作教会了我很多道理/教训。
根据后文“It tells me to be kind and helpful”可知，作者从中领悟到了人生道理，lessons意为“教训、道理”，贴合志愿带来人生感悟的文意。
38．句意：帮助他人不仅能为他人带来快乐，也能让我们自己成长。
动词help后接宾语，表示“帮助别人”用helping others。other常作定语，another指“另一个”，the other指“两者中的另一个”，均不符合。
39．句意：帮助他人不仅能给他人带来快乐，而且能让我们自己成长。
固定搭配“not only...but also...”意为“不仅……而且……”，此处also可省略。and表并列，so表因果，or表选择，均不符合。
40．句意：我希望更多的人能加入我们，帮助那些有需要的人。
根据前文“I will keep on doing volunteer work”可知，作者希望更多人参与其中，join意为“加入”。hate讨厌，leave离开，forget忘记，语义和呼吁参与的主旨相反。
41．D 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．C 46．A 47．C 48．B 49．C 50．D
【导语】本文讲述了一位富有的老人没有子女，想通过一个测试来挑选优秀的侄子继承财产。他给每个侄子发了一颗煮过的种子，其他侄子都带来了美丽的植物，只有平诚实地说种子没有发芽。老人最终选择了平，因为他是一个诚实的人。
【详解】41．句意：他决定把他的钱留给其中一个侄子。
根据后文“I’ll give my money to him”可知，老人要把“钱/财产”留给侄子。food“食物”、video“视频”、house“房子”均不如money准确概括老人留下的财富。
42．句意：他苦思冥想，制定了一个计划。
老人想出了测试侄子的方法，这是一个“计划”，应用plan。deal“交易”、dream“梦想”、joke“玩笑”均不符合精心设计的测试方案。
43．句意：信上说：种下这颗种子。
根据后文“grow a beautiful plant”可知，老人要求侄子们“种植”这颗种子，应用Plant。Throw“扔掉”、Weigh“称重”、Check“检查”均不符合种花的指令。
44．句意：他把种子放进花盆里，用好的土壤填满花盆。
fill...with...是固定搭配，意为“用……装满……”，应用filled。compared“比较”、mixed“混合”、refused“拒绝”均不符合装土入盆的动作。
45．句意：他每天细心地照料种子，等待它长成一株美丽的植物。
平认真对待这件事，因此是“细心地”照料，应用carefully。luckily“幸运地”、quickly“快速地”、loudly“大声地”均不符合悉心照料的语境。
46．句意：他继续照料种子。
此处指他照顾种子，等待其发芽，look after是固定短语，意为“照料/照顾”。think about“考虑”、cut up“切碎”、bring out“拿出”均不符合照顾植物的动作。
47．句意：但他的堂兄弟们带着美丽的植物来了。
老人的侄子们之间是“堂兄弟/表兄弟”关系，应用cousins。classmates“同学”、parents“父母”、friends“朋友”均不符合亲属关系。
48．句意：平感到很难过。
其他人都种出了植物而自己没有，平的心情应是“难过/沮丧”的，应用upset。scared“害怕的”、excited“兴奋的”、unlucky“不幸的”均不如upset准确表达失望的情绪。
49．句意：在我给你们种子之前，我把它们煮熟了，所以它们不会生长。
老人是在寄出种子“之前”就把它们煮熟了，应用Before。If“如果”、But“但是”、Although“虽然”均不符合时间先后顺序。
50．句意：平是这里唯一诚实的人，所以我要把钱给他。
其他侄子用假植物欺骗老人，只有平如实相告，因此他是“诚实的”，应用honest。serious“严肃的”、creative“有创意的”、clever“聪明的”均不如honest准确概括平的可贵品质。
51．D 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．C 56．B 57．A 58．C 59．D 60．A
【导语】本文讲述作者在汶川地震中被救后立志成为护士，多年后支援医院时发现护士长竟是当年的救援者，感悟爱心传递的故事。
【详解】51．句意：我正在上音乐课，这时地面剧烈摇晃。
“sb. was doing sth. when...”是固定结构，意为“某人正在做某事就在这时……”，结合本句，意为“我正在上音乐课就在这时地面剧烈摇晃”，符合语境，因此，应选用when。
52．句意：我冲出去，震惊地看到所有建筑都成了碎片。
根据“buildings in pieces”可知，看到废墟场景应感到“震惊”，应选用shocked。
53．句意：他们与时间赛跑救人。
根据“...against time to save people”可知，与时间“赛跑”，符合救援紧急语境。
54．句意：我深受感动，下定决心成为他们中的一员。
make up one’s mind to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“下定决心做某事”，应选用mind。
55．句意：我立刻报名了。
空处前文说“另一家医院需要帮忙”，最后一句说“It was my turn to help (轮到我帮忙了)”，所以此处指“报名”志愿参与。signed up“报名参加”，符合语境。signed out“签退”、signed on“签约受雇”、signed in“签到”均不符合志愿支援语境。
56．句意：我仍记得12年前那些援手的温暖。
根据“helping hands”可知，援手带来的是心理上的“温暖”，应选用warmth。
57．句意：工作不容易。
根据“not...”及后文需要帮助，说明工作不“容易”，应选用easy。
58．句意：然而，这不是我们联系的开始。
前文提到作者在救援的时候，护士长给了她帮助，后文说“……，这并非我们之间关系的开端”，紧接着说“12年前她就帮助过我”，所以空处应该表示转折，However符合语法和逻辑。But“但是”，后通常不加逗号。
59．句意：那时她是新护士，就像我一样！
作者现在是护士，这个护士长12年前也是护士，二者身份相同，just like me“就像我一样”，符合语境，应选用just like。
60．句意：我仍感到幸运拥有这段经历。
根据“Love leads to love”，这是积极的经历，应感到幸运，选用lucky。其他选项为贬义，不符合语境。
61．C 62．D 63．C 64．C 65．D 66．A 67．B 68．C 69．A 70．D
【导语】本文讲述了一名志愿者老师在广西乡村学校的支教经历，从最初对学校条件的失望，到被孩子们感动，最终认为这段经历非常有意义。
【详解】61．句意：在去的路上，我想着那所学校和那里的孩子们。
根据下文作者到达后看到学校的实际情况，以及“It must be new and big, with flowers everywhere”表明她在到达前对学校有想象和期待，可知她在路上一直在“想着”学校和孩子。think about是固定搭配，意为“考虑、想着”，符合“在脑海中构想”的语境。into“进入”，up“向上”，out“向外”，均不符合语义。
62．句意：“学校一定是崭新又宽敞的，到处都开满了花，”我心里想。
think to oneself是固定搭配，意为“心里想”，主语为I，应用反身代词myself。itself“它自己”，it“它”，me“我”（宾格），均不符合语境。
63．句意：它只是一所如此小的“学校”，以至于看起来根本不像一所学校！
such...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，such修饰名词短语“a small ‘school’”，符合结构。so...that...中的so修饰形容词或副词，不能直接修饰“a small school”这样的名词短语；too“太”，too...to表示“太……而不能”，very不构成that从句结构，均不符合搭配。
64．句意：第三个房间是给我的。
上文提到共有三个房间：一间给1-3年级，一间给4-6年级，第三间给老师。此处表示“第三个”，应用序数词third。one“一个”，three“三”，thirdly“第三”为副词，均不符合语义。
65．句意：唯一的安慰是孩子们在我第一天来的时候热情地欢迎了我。
根据下文孩子们问了很多问题、作者讲故事，可知他们“热情地”欢迎了作者，应选用warmly。carelessly“粗心地”，poorly“糟糕地”，quietly“安静地”，均不符合语境。
66．句意：虽然考试非常简单，但超过一半的学生都不及格。
根据下文“they had trouble…new things”，可知学生们考试“不及格”，应选用failed。passed“通过”，succeeded“成功”，missed“错过”，均不符合语境。
67．句意：我意识到他们学习新事物有困难。
根据上文“虽然考试非常简单，但超过一半的学生不及格”，可知学生们基础知识薄弱，在“学习”新内容时存在困难。have trouble doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“做某事有困难”，应选用learning。learn为动词原形，play“玩”，均不符合语法要求；playing“玩”，不符合语义。
68．句意：从那时起，我每晚都忙于为他们备课。
“have been busy”是现在完成时，since then是固定短语，表示“从那时起”，常与现在完成时连用，应选用Since。After“在……之后”，Before“在……之前”，While“当……时”，均不符合搭配。
69．句意：更重要的是，我从他们身上学到了很多，而且我们已经成了好朋友。
根据上文作者在教学中帮助了孩子们，也从他们身上学到了很多，以及长期的相处和互动，可知双方已经“成为”了好朋友。空处应用过去分词与have构成现在完成时，have become表示“已经成为”，强调从过去持续到现在的状态变化，符合“至今已是好朋友”的语境。became为过去式。不符合语法要求；meet“遇见”，met是meet的过去式，不符合语境。
70．句意：在这里教学的经历对我来说非常有意义，我会把它永远留在我的记忆中。
根据全文，这次支教经历对作者是“有意义的”，应选用meaningful。surprising“令人惊讶的”，forgetful“健忘的”，unlucky“不幸的”，均不符合语境。
71．A 72．B 73．B 74．C 75．D 76．A 77．C 78．B 79．A 80．A
【导语】本文主要讲述年轻人出国旅行应了解当地风俗，遵守礼仪，尊重文化差异，并鼓励参与志愿活动，帮助他人，共同创造温暖世界。
【详解】71．句意：当我们访问其他国家时，我们应该了解当地的风俗。
根据后文“Different countries have different ways to greet people”可知，不同国家问候方式不同属于风俗习惯。选项A符合语境。
72．句意：例如，日本人在见面时通常鞠躬，而西方国家的人经常握手。
根据文化常识，日本人见面习惯鞠躬，与西方握手形成对比。选项B符合语境。
73．句意：遵守这些规则是必要的。
根据语境，为了尊重他人，遵守规则是必要且重要的。选项B符合语境。
74．句意：良好的礼貌有助于我们在当地人心中留下好印象。
根据句意可知，固定搭配“make a good impression on sb.”意为“给某人留下好印象”。选项C符合语境。
75．句意：有时小错误可能会让别人感到不舒服。
根据“small mistakes”可知，错误会导致负面感受，即不舒服。选项D符合语境。
76．句意：所以我们需要在不同的社交场合表现得礼貌。
“social occasions”为常用搭配，意为“社交场合”。选项A符合语境。
77．句意：我们可以尽最大努力在公共场合避免坏习惯。
根据“respect different cultures”可知，应避免不良习惯以示尊重。选项C符合语境。
78．句意：善良和乐于助人能给世界带来极大的快乐。
根据“bring great pleasure”可知，此处强调程度之大。选项B符合语境。
79．句意：许多志愿者利用他们的空闲时间去帮助那些陷入困境的人。
根据语境，志愿者“使用”空闲时间做公益。选项A符合语境。
80．句意：更多的人将报名参加志愿活动，以获得一个更温暖的世界。
根据“join volunteer activities”可知，参加活动前需“报名”。选项A符合语境。
81．B 82．A 83．C 84．C 85．A 86．D 87．A 88．C 89．B 90．B
【导语】本文讲述Harry和Annie上学途中要经过一条河，母亲叮嘱河面解冻时不要过河。Harry贪玩不顾劝阻，执意带妹妹从冰面滑行，冰层突然破裂两人落水，幸好路人及时相救。这次惊险经历给兄妹俩上了终身难忘的一课，从此他们愿意听从母亲的劝告。
【详解】81．句意：上学路上，沿着一条小河散步十分惬意。
后文反复出现river、ice、cross the river，全文围绕河的冰面展开；road“马路”、hill“小山”、garden“花园”无后文对应线索。
82．句意：但妈妈不喜欢他们这么做，除非有人陪同。
此处do指代前文go across the river（过河）这件事；see“看见”、find“找到”、solve“解决”无法指代前文动作。
83．句意：她一边挨个亲吻他们道别，一边说：“今天别过河，孩子们。”
两人正要出发去上学，时间是早上；evening“晚上”、afternoon“下午”、noon“中午”不符合上学出门的场景。
84．句意：哈利不太开心，因为他十分喜欢在冰上奔跑滑行。
固定搭配be interested in“对……感兴趣”；lucky“幸运的”、weak“虚弱的”、successful“成功的”无法与in搭配表达喜爱。
85．句意：当他们来到河边，冰层看起来坚硬又安全。
hard形容冰面坚硬厚实，和前文thick and firm呼应；thin“薄的”、clear“清澈的”、strange“奇怪的”不符合他们想滑过去的心理。
86．句意：“可是你答应过妈妈的。”安妮说道。
妈妈出门前叮嘱不要过河，妹妹提醒哥哥他答应过母亲，promised“许诺”符合语境；told“告诉”、asked“询问”、reminded“提醒”语义不贴合。
87．句意：我没说什么，所以我可以随心所欲。
固定搭配as I like “按照我自己的心意”；agree“同意”、say“说”、show“展示”无此搭配。
88．句意：他们没走多远，冰面突然裂开，两人掉进水里。
冰层破裂是突发意外；slowly“缓慢地”、firstly“首先”、surprisingly“出人意料地”侧重让人吃惊，不如suddenly贴合冰面突发断裂。
89．句意：一名在河边工作的男子听见孩子们的呼救，立刻冲进水里救他们。
rushed into“冲进”，体现救人的急切；walked“走”、moved“移动”、returned“返回”无法体现紧急救人的状态。
90．句意：他们浑身冻僵回到家，学到了终身难忘的教训。
learn a lesson固定短语，意为“吸取教训”；subject“科目”、skill“技能”、method“方法”无法搭配本文遇险反思的情节。
91．C 92．B 93．A 94．C 95．C 96．B 97．A 98．C 99．D 100．B
【导语】本文讲述汤姆一家因准备充分在龙卷风中幸存的故事，强调灾害前做好准备的重要性及专家建议，旨在提高安全意识。
【详解】91．句意：这里有一个因为充分准备而在龙卷风中幸存下来的家庭的真实故事。
根据首句“It is very important to prepare”及全文主旨可知，强调准备的重要性。preparation意为“准备”，符合主题。luck“运气”、courage“勇气”、strength“力量”，均不符合。
92．句意：突然，电视发出了龙卷风预警。
根据后文“The storm would arrive in a few minutes.”可知，风暴来临前电视会发布警告，warning意为“预警”，符合紧急通知的语境。story“故事”、joke“笑话”、report“报告”，均不符合。
93．句意：他们拿了应急包，里面包括水、食物和一个手电筒。
根据后文列举物品内容可知，是包含关系，此处引出应急包内的物品。including意为“包含”，符合搭配。except“除了”、without“没有”、beyond“超出”，均不符合。
94．句意：然后，他们跑进地下室，那是龙卷风来临时房子里最安全的地方。
根据常识及避险目的可知，避险需找安全处，地下室最安全。safest意为“最安全的”，符合避难场所的特质描述。darkest“最黑暗的”、brightest“最明亮的”、coldest“最冷的”，均不符合。
95．句意：孩子们感到害怕，但父母让他们保持冷静。
前后句意转折，孩子怕、父母镇定，需用转折连词。but意为“但是”，表示转折，符合逻辑。and“和”表并列；so“所以”表结果；or“或者”表选择，均不符合。
96．句意：他们从地下室走了出来，看到了巨大的破坏：部分屋顶没了，但所有家庭成员都安然无恙。
根据“part of the roof was gone”可知，屋顶没了属于损坏。damage意为“损坏”，符合语境。progress“进步”、surprise“惊讶”、success“成功”，均不符合。
97．句意：后来，汤姆得知他们的准备救了他们的命。
根据“their lives”及邻居受伤对比可知，充足的准备救了命。saved意为“拯救”，符合搭配。lost“失去”、risked“冒险”、changed“改变”，均不符合。
98．句意：专家给出一些有用的建议。
根据后文“First, learn disaster signs...”可知，专家给出了建议。suggestions意为“建议”，符合语境。stories“故事”、examples“例子”、rules“规则”，均不符合。
99．句意：第三，找到安全的地方并始终保持冷静。
根据前文“Tom stayed calm”及避险常识可知，需保持冷静，冷静有助于应对灾害。calm意为“冷静的”，符合应对灾害的态度。nervous“紧张的”、angry“生气的”、excited“兴奋的”，均不符合。
100．句意：我们无法规避灾害，但完善的准备能大幅降低风险。
根据准备的目的及“but”转折可知，准备是为了减少危害。reduce意为“减少”，符合搭配。increase“增加”、accept“接受”、face“面对”，均不符合。
101．B 102．A 103．B 104．C 105．D 106．B 107．A 108．C 109．D 110．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了洛杉矶面临的山火危险，分析了气候和人为原因，讲述了灾害后果及专家建议。
【详解】101．句意：它导致气温上升，使情况甚至更加危险。
根据上文“wildfire dangers”可知，气温升高使火灾条件更危险，dangerous“危险的”符合语境。difficult“困难的”、boring“无聊的”、noisy“吵闹的”不符合火灾语境。
102．句意：科学家们说大雨后继长时间干旱等异常天气有引发火灾的风险。
根据下文“Plants grow...with enough rain, but then dry weather makes them die quickly, and strong winds then spread fires fast.”可知，干旱让植物迅速死亡，而大风加快了火的蔓延，由此可知是引发火灾的风险，risk“风险”符合语境。way“方法”、force“力量”和value“价值”语意不通。
103．句意：植物在有足够雨水时健康生长，但干燥的天气让它们迅速死亡，大风让火蔓延得很快。
根据“with enough rain”可知，雨水充足植物长得健康。healthily“健康地”符合语境，slowly“缓慢地”、quietly“安静地”和differently“不同地”不符合植物的生长逻辑。
104．句意：人类的习惯也增加了危险。
根据下文“lazy to clear the dry plants around their houses”可知，懒得清理干燥的植物是一种不良习惯。habits“习惯”符合语境，occasions“场合”、hobbies“爱好”和jobs“工作”不符合语境。
105．句意：有些人太懒了，不去清理房子周围的干草，尽管这对防火安全很重要。
根据“fire safety”可知，清理干草对安全至关重要。important“重要的”符合语境，expensive“昂贵的”、lucky“幸运的”和strange“奇怪的”无法构成转折逻辑。
106．句意：人们也在四周是森林的高风险区域建造更多房屋。
固定搭配“in areas”表示在某个区域，in符合语境。under“在……下”、with“和”和below“在……下方”不符合语境。
107．句意：直至2025年1月16日，洛杉矶的山火已经致使27人死亡，损毁了超过12000栋建筑。
根据“had killed 27 people”可知，此处在描述火灾后果，只有broke down“摧毁”能表示建筑物被破坏。calmed down“冷静下来”、turned down“拒绝”和wrote down“写下”与建筑物受损无关。
108．句意：浓烟使人们呼吸困难，伤害了野生动植物，导致许多动物死亡。
根据“Thick smoke”可知，烟雾直接影响呼吸，breathe“呼吸”符合语境，study“学习”、feel“感觉”和work“工作”不符合烟雾影响的常识。
109．句意：救援队日以继夜地奋战，但他们仍无法控制火灾长达几个星期。
根据“Rescue teams”可知，救援队的目标是控制火势，control“控制”符合语境，change“改变”、forget“忘记”和clear“清理”不符合救援语境。
110．句意：专家建议为未来的灾难做准备：建造能防火的房屋、避开高风险的建筑区域，以及清理掉干燥的植物。
根据下文“build fireproof houses”等措施可知，这是在为未来做准备，preparing for“做准备”符合语境，looking for“寻找”、waiting for“等待”和asking for“请求”不符合预防灾害的逻辑。
111．B 112．B 113．D 114．B 115．A 116．C 117．D 118．A 119．C 120．B
【导语】本文讲述13岁男孩Rohan在洛杉矶野火后失去家园，创办项目向受灾儿童捐赠书籍的故事，体现了爱心与互助精神。
【详解】111．句意：他们打算把这些书分发给孩子们，这是Rohan创办的名为Reading Among Ruins项目的一部分。
结合后文“That question ... him to create the program”可知，该项目是罗汉自己创立的，应用started。joined“加入”；stopped“停止”；blamed“责备”均不符合创立项目的语境。
112．句意：超过6000座建筑被损坏，包括学校和房屋。
结合前文a big wildfire swept through Los Angeles（大型山火席卷洛杉矶）可知，山火会损毁建筑，应用damaged。saved“拯救”；built“建造”；beaten“打败”均与山火造成的破坏语义不符。
113．句意：Rohan和家人在火灾中失去了家园，他心爱的书籍也全部消失了。
前文反复提及wildfire山火，此处对应这场火灾，应用fire。storm“暴风雨”；flood“洪水”；quake“地震”均和原文山火背景不匹配。
114．“我当时特别难过。”他在接受《时代》周刊（儿童版）采访时说道。
结合后文自己丢失心爱的书，又想到其他孩子也失去书籍，内心伤心，应用heartbroken。angry“生气的”；curious“好奇的”；relieved“宽慰的”均不符合失去藏书的低落心情。
115．句意：那个问题鼓舞他创办了这个项目。
结合上下文，对其他孩子的共情激励他发起捐书活动，应用encouraged。punished“惩罚”；weakened“削弱”；repeated“重复”均无法搭配“促使他创立项目”的逻辑。
116．句意：他为受火灾影响的孩子找书。
根据文中“by the fires”以及火灾灾难背景可知，此处表达遭受灾害波及，固定搭配be affected by，因此选用affected。rewarded意为“奖励”，praised意为“表扬”，hurt侧重身体上的受伤，均不能用来形容受灾人群。
117．句意：项目开展第一个月，就向孩子们捐赠了一千多本书。
文章开头点明计划give these books away（赠送书籍），此处对应分发捐赠，应用gave away。took back“收回”；sold out“售罄”；picked up“捡起”均和捐书公益行为相悖。
118．句意：Gibbs是他最喜欢的作者之一。
根据文中“books by Stuart Gibbs”可知，Stuart Gibbs是写书的人，写书的人即作者，应用authors。teachers“老师”，actors“演员”，athletes“运动员”均和写书的身份无关。
119．句意：帮助人们找回他们丢失的东西。
根据前文火灾的背景可知，此处表达物品在灾难中丢失，选用lost。left意为“留下”，missed意为“思念”，forgot意为“忘记”，均无法体现火灾损毁、物品遗失的语境。
120．句意：孩子们选书时真的很兴奋。
结合语境，孩子们收到捐赠的书籍，孩子们的心情是激动开心的，应用excited。bored“无聊的”；worried“担忧的”；tired“疲惫的”均不符合收到新书的愉悦情绪

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