译林版(2019)高中英语必修二 Unit 4 Exploring literature Grammar and usage 教学评一体化设计(全套教案 学案 测评案|全程学法渗透|对标高考)

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译林版(2019)高中英语必修二 Unit 4 Exploring literature Grammar and usage 教学评一体化设计(全套教案 学案 测评案|全程学法渗透|对标高考)

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译林版(2019)高中英语必修二 Unit 4 Exploring literature Grammar and usage 教学评一体化设计(全套教案+学案+测评案|全程学法渗透|对标高考)
(情态动词复习与拓展|能力、可能性、必要性、建议|文学话题情境融合|语篇填空与句式运用)
第一部分 教案
一、基本信息
1.课题:Unit 4 Exploring literature(Grammar and usage板块——Modal verbs)
2.课时:1课时(45分钟)
3.授课年级:高一
4.学科:高中英语
5.教材内容:本板块为译林版2019必修二Unit 4的语法教学板块,隶属于新课标"人与社会"核心主题语境下的"文学、艺术与体育"主题群。本板块在必修阶段已接触情态动词基本用法的基础上,进行系统复习与深化拓展,重点聚焦情态动词的多种功能:能力(can, could)、可能性(may, might, could, can, must)、必要性/义务(must, have to, should, ought to)、建议(should, ought to, could, might)、请求与许可(can, could, may, might)。教材将语法知识学习融入"文学阅读"话题,通过关于"如何选书"的语篇呈现语法现象,帮助学生在语境中理解情态动词的用法与选择原则。整个语法板块延续单元主题"Exploring literature",将语法知识学习融入"文学选择与阅读"的真实语境,为后续阅读和写作中的得体表达奠定基础。
6.学情分析:经过Welcome和Reading板块的学习,学生已对"文学探索"话题有了丰富的认知基础,掌握了文学三大品质的核心概念。
在时态和情态动词知识方面,学生在初中及必修阶段已初步接触过部分情态动词(can, may, must, should等),对情态动词有基本认知,但在以下方面仍需加强:
(1)情态动词的多种功能混淆:对同一情态动词在不同语境中的不同含义(如can表示"能力""可能性""许可")区分不清;
(2)近义情态动词辨析困难:对must与have to、may与might、can与could等近义情态动词的用法区别不清晰;
(3)情态动词后接不同形式动词的规则陌生:对情态动词后接do、be doing、have done、be done等不同形式的用法和含义不熟悉;
(4)写作中情态动词使用意识薄弱:在书面表达中缺乏运用情态动词得体表达建议、推测、必要性等的意识。本板块作为语法复习与拓展课,重在通过"复习导入→观察归纳→巩固练习→运用输出"的路径,帮助学生在文学主题语境中掌握情态动词的核心用法。
7.学科核心素养目标:
(1)语言能力:系统掌握情态动词在能力(can, could)、可能性(may, might, could, can, must)、必要性/义务(must, have to, should, ought to)、建议(should, ought to, could, might)、请求与许可(can, could, may, might)五个维度上的核心用法;能根据语境正确选择情态动词;能运用情态动词进行得体表达。
(2)文化意识:在"文学选择与阅读"的语境中理解情态动词的表达功能——用不同的情态动词表达得体的建议和推测;感受语言形式与交际功能的对应关系。
(3)思维品质:通过归纳情态动词的多种功能,培养逻辑分析与归纳概括能力;通过辨析近义情态动词,培养比较与辨析的批判性思维能力。
(4)学习能力:掌握"复习回顾→观察归纳→巩固练习→运用输出"的语法学习策略;能够在语境中正确理解和运用情态动词;能借助思维导图自主梳理语法知识。
8.教学重难点:
(1)教学重点:情态动词在能力、可能性、必要性/义务、建议、请求与许可五个维度上的核心用法;在语篇中正确选择和使用情态动词。
(2)教学难点:区分must与have to的用法差异(主观vs.客观);区分must表示"肯定推测"与may/might/could表示"可能性推测"的不同确信程度;情态动词后接have done表示对过去的推测用法。
9.教学准备:教材Grammar and usage板块语篇及练习、情态动词用法归纳表、分层练习任务单、课堂表现评价量表、多媒体课件。
10.教学方法:发现式语法教学法、情境教学法、任务型教学法、归纳法、教学评一体化闭环教学法。
11.学法指导:课前回顾初中所学情态动词的基本用法,完成预习任务;课中按照"复习回顾→观察归纳→巩固练习→运用输出"四步落实语法学习;重点掌握"根据语境和功能选择情态动词"的解题策略;课后完成语篇填空和写作任务,将语法知识转化为语言运用能力。
二、教学过程(45分钟适配闭环流程)
(一)情境导入·激活已知(5分钟)
1.话题激活·复习引入(3分钟)
教师呈现与"如何选书"话题相关的句子,引导学生观察并找出其中的情态动词:
(1)"What shall I read?"
(2)"You can ask your friends, parents and teachers to recommend what books you ought to read."
(3)"You could also read book reviews in newspapers, in magazines or online."
(4)"However, you must also decide for yourself what kind of books to read."
教师提问:"What do these words have in common?"(学生回答:都是情态动词)
教师追问:"What do they mean in each sentence?"
引导学生回顾情态动词的基本功能——表达可能性、建议、必要性等。
2.引出目标·明确任务(2分钟)
教师明确本课目标:复习和拓展情态动词的用法,包括能力(can, could)、可能性(may, might, could, can, must)、必要性/义务(must, have to, should, ought to)、建议(should, ought to, could, might)、请求与许可(can, could, may, might)五个方面,并在"文学阅读"主题语境中正确运用。
(二)复习回顾·观察归纳(12分钟)
1.情态动词分类复习(5分钟)
教师引导学生回顾并归纳情态动词的五类核心用法,结合文学话题例句进行讲解:
第一类:能力(Ability) ——can/could(能够)
"I can read English novels without a dictionary."
"When I was young, I could read for hours without getting tired."
第二类:可能性(Possibility) ——may/might/could/can/must
"This book may be interesting——I've heard good reviews about it."(可能)
"This could be the best novel I've ever read."(可能)
"He must be a book lover——he has a whole library at home."(肯定推测)
"That can't be the book you're looking for——it's a different edition."(不可能)
第三类:必要性/义务(Necessity/Obligation) ——must/have to/should/ought to
"You must read this book——it's a classic."(主观认为必须)
"We have to read this book for our literature class."(客观要求)
"You should read the introduction first."(建议应该)
第四类:建议(Suggestion) ——should/ought to/could/might
"You should start with short stories if you're a beginner."
"You could try reading some classic novels."
第五类:请求与许可(Request/Permission) ——can/could/may/might
"Can I borrow your copy of The Little Prince?"
"May I ask you a question about this book?"
2.易混辨析·重点突破(4分钟)
教师重点讲解以下难点:
(1)can与could表示能力:can表示现在的能力,could表示过去的能力。但could在疑问句中可表示更委婉的请求(此时不表示过去时)。
"Can you speak English?"(现在能力)
"When I was young, I could run fast."(过去能力)
"Could you help me find this book?"(委婉请求)
(2)must与have to:must表示说话人的主观意志或强烈建议("You must read this book."——我认为你必须读);have to表示客观需要或外部规定("I have to read it for my literature class."——课程要求)。
(3)must与can't(推测):must表示有把握的肯定推测("He must be a teacher."——肯定推测);can't表示有把握的否定推测("He can't be a teacher—he looks too young."——不可能)。
(4)may/might/could(推测):三者都可表示可能性,可能性程度递减:may > might ≈ could。
3.情态动词后接动词形式(3分钟)
教师引导学生观察情态动词后接动词的不同形式及其含义:
(1)情态动词 + do:表示一般性的动作或状态。
"Classic literature can inspire us."
(2)情态动词 + be doing:表示某动作正在进行。
"He may be reading in the library now."
(3)情态动词 + have done:表示对过去发生的动作进行推测或虚拟。
"He must have read this book before."(一定读过)
"You should have read the instructions first."(本应该读而没读)
(4)情态动词 + be done:表示被动。
"This book can be found in any bookstore."
教师提醒学生:情态动词后必须接动词原形,但动词原形可以是do、be doing、have done、be done等形式。
(三)巩固练习·内化规则(14分钟)
1.单句填空·选择恰当的情态动词(4分钟)
学生独立完成以下练习,教师巡视并请学生分享答案及选择依据:
(1)"What ______ I read?"(shall——征求建议)
(2)"You ______ ask your friends for book recommendations."(can/could——建议)
(3)"______ I borrow your copy of Pride and Prejudice?"(Can/May——请求许可)
(4)"He ______ be a great writer——his novels are so popular."(must——肯定推测)
(5)"That ______ be the book you're looking for——it has a different cover."(can't——不可能)
(6)"You ______ have read this book before, haven't you?"(must——推测过去)
2.语篇填空·语境运用(5分钟)
学生完成以下语篇填空练习,填入恰当的情态动词:
短文(关于如何选书):"What (1) ______ I read? You have asked yourself this question more than once. If you are not sure what to read, you (2) ______ get ideas from different sources, but it is also important to develop your own taste. To start with, ask your friends, parents and teachers to recommend what books you (3) ______ read. You (4) ______ also read book reviews in newspapers, in magazines or online. However, you (5) ______ also decide for yourself what kind of books to read. Some books (6) ______ be challenging for beginners, but don't give up——reading classic literature (7) ______ be a life-changing experience."(答案:1. shall, 2. can, 3. ought to/should, 4. could, 5. must, 6. may/might, 7. can)
3.句子改写·表达升级(5分钟)
学生将以下句子改写为使用情态动词的表达:
(1)"It is necessary for you to read the whole book."
→ You ______ read the whole book.(must)
(2)"I am sure that he is a book lover."
→ He ______ be a book lover.(must)
(3)"I advise you to read the introduction first."
→ You ______ read the introduction first.(should/ought to)
(4)"It is possible that this book is interesting."
→ This book ______ be interesting.(may/might/could)
(5)"I give you permission to borrow my book."
→ You ______ borrow my book.(can/may)
(四)语用实践·迁移创新(10分钟)
1.情景对话·运用情态动词(5分钟)
教师创设以下情景,学生运用情态动词完成对话:
情景一:你的朋友想开始阅读英文文学名著,但不知道从哪本开始。请你给他/她一些建议。
参考表达:"You could start with..." / "You should..." / "You might find... interesting."
情景二:你想向老师借一本图书馆的文学名著,向老师请求许可。
参考表达:"Can/May I borrow..." / "Could I..."
情景三:你看到同学正在读一本名著,请你推测他/她可能喜欢什么样的书。
参考表达:"He/She must..." / "He/She might..." / "He/She can't..."
学生两人一组选择情景进行对话练习,教师邀请2-3组展示,给予反馈。
2.当堂自我评价(3分钟)
发放课堂学习评价表,学生根据以下维度进行自我评价:
评价维度一:规则理解——能说清情态动词在五个维度(能力、可能性、必要性、建议、请求)的基本用法,自评等级A/B/C。
评价维度二:易混辨析——能区分must与have to、must与can't(推测)等的用法差异,自评等级A/B/C。
评价维度三:动词形式——能正确使用情态动词后接do/be doing/have done/be done等形式,自评等级A/B/C。
评价维度四:语境运用——能在语篇中正确选择和使用情态动词,自评等级A/B/C。
教师收集自评结果,了解学情。
(五)课堂小结·素养升华(2分钟)
(1)知识小结:情态动词的五个核心功能——能力(can, could)、可能性(may, might, could, can, must)、必要性/义务(must, have to, should, ought to)、建议(should, ought to, could, might)、请求与许可(can, could, may, might);must与have to的区别(主观vs.客观);must(肯定推测)与can't(否定推测);情态动词后接have done表示对过去的推测。
(2)能力小结:巩固"根据语境和功能选择情态动词"的解题策略;培养在文学话题语境中得体运用情态动词的意识。
(3)素养小结:情态动词帮助我们更准确、更得体地表达建议、推测、请求和必要性。在谈论文学阅读与选择时,恰当地运用情态动词可以让我们的表达更加自然和有说服力。
(六)分层课后作业
(1)基础层:完成教材B1/B2配套练习;整理本课语法笔记,画出情态动词用法思维导图。
(2)提升层:用至少5个不同的情态动词,写一篇80词左右的短文"How to Choose a Good Book"。
(3)拓展层:从Reading板块的议论文"The wonder of literature"中找出所有情态动词,分析其功能和含义。
三、板书设计
Unit 4 Exploring literature
Grammar and usage —— Modal verbs
1. Functions & Key Modal Verbs:
能力(Ability):can, could
可能性(Possibility):may, might, could, can, must
必要性/义务(Necessity/Obligation):must, have to, should, ought to
建议(Suggestion):should, ought to, could, might
请求与许可(Request/Permission):can, could, may, might
2. Key Distinctions:
must(主观意志)vs. have to(客观需要)
must(肯定推测)vs. can't(否定推测)
may > might ≈ could(可能性程度递减)
3. Verb Forms after Modal Verbs:
do:一般动作/状态
be doing:正在进行
have done:对过去的推测
be done:被动
4. Key Sentences:
"What shall I read?"(征求意见)
"You can ask your friends for recommendations."(建议)
"You must decide for yourself what to read."(必要性)
"This may be the best book I've ever read."(可能性)
四、教学反思
本课为单元语法教学板块,严格遵循教学评一体化闭环模式,以"文学阅读与选书"主题语境为依托,以"复习回顾→观察归纳→巩固练习→运用输出"为路径,以情态动词用法巩固和语用得体性提升为核心目标。
教学亮点:从"How to choose a book"话题导入,实现了语法教学与单元主题的无缝衔接;情态动词五类功能的分类归纳帮助学生系统梳理知识体系;易混辨析(must vs. have to; must vs. can't)有效突破难点;情景对话环节将语法知识转化为真实语言运用;课后"如何选书"写作任务与单元主题紧密结合。
现存短板:部分学生在区分must(推测)和may/might(推测)的确信程度时仍有困难;少数学生对情态动词后接have done表示对过去推测的用法掌握不牢;个别学生在情景对话中情态动词使用不够自然。
后续优化策略:在后续Integrated skills板块中设置更多情态动词运用场景;在写作批改中有意识地关注情态动词的使用情况;通过"每日一句"活动,鼓励学生每天用不同的情态动词造句。
五、教学达成目标
(1)全员达标:能识别情态动词的基本功能,能说出各情态动词的核心用法,能在单句选择中正确使用情态动词。
(2)大部分达标:能在语篇中正确填入恰当的情态动词;能区分must与have to、must与can't的用法差异;能正确运用情态动词后接不同动词形式。
(3)能力进阶:学生掌握"根据语境和功能选择情态动词"的解题策略;能在口头表达中得体运用情态动词。
(4)素养满分:学生形成在语境中学习语法的意识;理解情态动词在得体交际中的功能;对单元主题"文学探索"的表达能力得到语法支撑,为后续Integrated skills板块的综合语言输出做好充分准备。
第二部分 导学案
一、课前预习导学
(一)概念复习
回顾初中所学情态动词的基本用法,回答以下问题:
(1)情态动词有哪些基本功能?请列举至少四种功能。
(2)写出你知道的情态动词(至少8个)。
(3)情态动词后接什么形式的动词?
(二)例句观察
观察以下句子,圈出情态动词,并说出其表达的功能(能力、可能性、必要性、建议、请求等):
(1)"What shall I read?"
情态动词:______ 功能:______
(2)"You can ask your friends for book recommendations."
情态动词:______ 功能:______
(3)"You must decide for yourself what kind of books to read."
情态动词:______ 功能:______
(4)"He may be reading in the library now."
情态动词:______ 功能:______
(三)预习思考
(1)must和have to有什么区别?
(2)must(肯定推测)和may/might(可能性推测)有什么区别?
(3)在给出阅读建议时,你会使用哪些情态动词?
二、课中合作探究
(一)情态动词分类归纳
根据课堂复习和讨论,完成以下归纳:
第一类:能力(Ability)
can/could——含义:,例句:__________________________________________
第二类:可能性(Possibility)
may/might/could/can/must——含义:__,例句:____________________________
第三类:必要性/义务(Necessity/Obligation)
must/have to/should/ought to——含义:__,例句:____________________________
第四类:建议(Suggestion)
should/ought to/could/might——含义:__,例句:____________________________
第五类:请求与许可(Request/Permission)
can/could/may/might——含义:__,例句:____________________________
(二)易混辨析记录
(1)must vs. have to:________________________________________________________
(2)must vs. can't(推测):________________________________________________________
(3)may / might / could(推测):________________________________________________________
(4)情态动词 + have done:________________________________________________________
(三)解题策略练习
根据以下策略完成练习:确定说话者的意图→判断表达的功能→选择对应的情态动词
(1)You (can/must)ask your teacher for reading suggestions.(建议,应选)
(2)He (must/can't)be a book lover because he reads every day.(肯定推测,应选)
(3)That (must/can't)be the book you're looking for——it has a different cover.(否定推测,应选)
(4)We (must/have to)read this book for our literature class.(客观需要,应选)
(四)拓展运用
用情态动词写一段关于如何选择好书的建议(至少使用4个不同的情态动词,60词左右):
导学案参考答案
一、课前预习导学
(一)概念复习 参考答案
(1)情态动词的基本功能包括:表达能力(can, could)、表达可能性(may, might, must)、表达必要性/义务(must, have to, should)、表达建议(should, ought to, had better)、表达请求与许可(can, could, may, might)等。
(2)can, could, may, might, must, have to, should, ought to, shall, will, would, need, dare等。
(3)情态动词后接动词原形(不带to的不定式)。
(二)例句观察 参考答案
(1)shall,功能:征求意见(2)can,功能:建议(3)must,功能:必要性(4)may,功能:可能性推测
(三)预习思考 参考
(1)must表示说话人的主观意志或强烈建议("You must read this book."——我认为你应该读);have to表示客观需要或外部规定("I have to read it for my literature class."——课程要求)。
(2)must表示有把握的肯定推测(确信程度高),may/might表示可能性推测(确信程度较低)。
(3)should, ought to, could, might等。
二、课中合作探究
(一)情态动词分类归纳 参考答案
第一类:能力——"I can read English novels.";第二类:可能性——"This may be a good book.";第三类:必要性——"You must read this book.";第四类:建议——"You should read the introduction.";第五类:请求——"Can I borrow your book?"
(二)易混辨析记录 参考答案
(1)must表主观意志,have to表客观需要。(2)must表肯定推测,can't表否定推测。(3)可能性程度:may > might ≈ could。(4)情态动词+have done表示对过去发生动作的推测或虚拟。
(三)解题策略练习 参考答案
(1)can(建议)(2)must(肯定推测)(3)can't(否定推测)(4)have to(客观需要)
(四)拓展运用 参考
(开放题,示例见测评案参考范文)
第三部分 测评案
一、选择填空(20分)
用恰当的情态动词填空,注意根据语境选择正确的形式。
(1)What ______(shall/can)I read next? (征求意见)
(2)You ______(can/must)ask your teacher for reading suggestions.(建议)
(3)He ______(must/can't)be a literature lover because he has so many books.(肯定推测)
(4)That ______(must/can't)be the book you're looking for——it has a different cover.(否定推测)
(5)We ______(must/have to)read this book for our literature class.(客观需要)
(6)You ______(should/can)start with short stories if you're a beginner.(建议)
(7)______(Can/May)I borrow your copy of Pride and Prejudice?(请求许可)
(8)He ______(may/can)be reading in the library now.(正在进行)
(9)She ______(must have read/might have read)this book before——she knows the ending.(肯定推测过去)
(10)You ______(should have read/should read)the instructions before you started.(本应做而未做)
二、语篇填空(20分)
阅读短文,用恰当的情态动词填空。
"What (1) ______ I read?" You have asked yourself this question more than once. If you are not sure what to read, you (2) ______ get ideas from different sources. To start with, ask your friends, parents and teachers to recommend what books you (3) ______ read. You (4) ______ also read book reviews in newspapers, in magazines or online. However, you (5) ______ also decide for yourself what kind of books to read.
Some books (6) ______ be challenging for beginners, but don't give up. You (7) ______ start with shorter works and gradually move on to longer classics. A good book (8) ______ change your life——that's why reading is so important. If you're not sure where to start, you (9) ______ ask your librarian for advice. She (10) ______ have some great suggestions for you.
三、句子改写(20分)
将下列句子改写为使用情态动词的表达。
(1)It is necessary for you to read the whole book.
→ You ______ read the whole book.
(2)I am sure that he is a book lover.
→ He ______ be a book lover.
(3)I advise you to read the introduction first.
→ You ______ read the introduction first.
(4)It is possible that this book is interesting.
→ This book ______ be interesting.
(5)I give you permission to borrow my book.
→ You ______ borrow my book.
四、短文写作(40分)
以"How to Choose a Good Book"为题,写一篇80词左右的短文。
要求:
(1)至少使用5个不同的情态动词;
(2)从不同角度给出选书建议(如向他人咨询、阅读书评、培养个人品味等);
(3)至少使用1个情态动词+have done或情态动词+be doing的结构;
(4)语句通顺,逻辑连贯,语法正确。
测评案答案与评分细则
一、选择填空(20分,每题2分)
(1)shall(2)can(3)must(4)can't(5)have to(6)should(7)Can/May(8)may(9)must have read(10)should have read
二、语篇填空(20分,每题2分)
(1)shall(2)can(3)ought to/should(4)could(5)must(6)may/might(7)could(8)can(9)could(10)may/might
三、句子改写(20分,每题4分)
(1)must(2)must(3)should/ought to(4)may/might/could(5)can/may
四、短文写作(40分)
参考范文
How to Choose a Good Book
Choosing a good book can be a challenge, but there are several ways to find the right one. First, you can ask your friends, parents or teachers for recommendations. They may have read some great books that they could share with you. Second, you should read book reviews online or in magazines. This might give you a better understanding of what the book is about. Third, you must develop your own taste. You don't have to read every book that others recommend——you should choose what interests you. However, you might have to try a few books before you find the one that truly inspires you. Remember, a good book can change your life!
评分细则
一类文(35-40分):至少使用5个不同的情态动词,运用准确;内容充实(涵盖不同选书角度),至少使用1个情态动词+have done或be doing结构,结构清晰,语言流畅,语法准确。
二类文(28-34分):使用4-5个情态动词,基本准确;内容较充实,语句通顺,少量语法错误。
三类文(20-27分):使用3-4个情态动词,有一定错误;内容不够充实,有较多语法错误。
四类文(0-19分):情态动词使用不足3个或错误较多;偏离主题,语言错误繁多。
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