译林版(2019)高中英语必修二 Unit 4 Exploring literature Extended reading 教学评一体化设计(全套教案 学案 测评案|全程学法渗透|对标高考)

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译林版(2019)高中英语必修二 Unit 4 Exploring literature Extended reading 教学评一体化设计(全套教案 学案 测评案|全程学法渗透|对标高考)

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译林版(2019)高中英语必修二 Unit 4 Exploring literature Extended reading 教学评一体化设计(全套教案+学案+测评案|全程学法渗透|对标高考)
(经典文学节选阅读|文学品质深度赏析|读后续写与思维培养|审美鉴赏与文化积淀)
第一部分 教案
一、基本信息
1.课题:Unit 4 Exploring literature(Extended reading板块——The Old Man and the Sea)
2.课时:1课时(45分钟)
3.授课年级:高一
4.学科:高中英语
5.教材内容:本板块为译林版2019必修二Unit 4的拓展阅读板块,隶属于新课标"人与社会"核心主题语境下的"文学、艺术与体育"主题群。本板块在前序Welcome(话题激活)、Reading(文学三大品质)和Grammar(情态动词)的基础上,聚焦经典文学节选阅读与深度赏析,核心教学素材为教材第53页海明威经典小说《老人与海》(The Old Man and the Sea)的节选部分。节选文本描述老渔夫圣地亚哥在海上与大马林鱼搏斗的过程,通过对老人的行动、语言和心理状态的描写,刻画出老人"可以被毁灭但不能被打败"的"硬汉"形象。引言部分简要介绍了海明威的生平(美国作家、诺贝尔文学奖获得者、独特的写作风格)和小说创作背景(老人84天空手而归,第85天遭遇大马林鱼)。节选文本语言简洁、极富感染力,体现了海明威鲜明的写作风格——简洁(concise)、简单(simple)和重复(repetition)的"冰山理论"。本板块要求学生通过阅读理解节选文本的主旨大意、分析老人的人物性格、赏析海明威独特的写作风格,并在此基础上完成读后续写或文学短评任务。本板块是单元语言输入与输出的高级阶段,旨在帮助学生将Reading板块所学的文学三大品质(真与美、唤起情感与想象、经久不衰)应用于具体文学作品的鉴赏中,实现知识的迁移和深化。
6.学情分析:经过Welcome板块的话题激活、Reading板块的文学三大品质学习和Grammar板块的情态动词复习,学生已具备了以下基础:能够识别并运用与文学相关的核心词汇;掌握优秀文学作品的三大品质(真与美、唤起情感与想象、经久不衰);掌握了情态动词的基本用法。
在此基础上,学生在以下方面仍需提升:
(1)经典文学节选的阅读理解能力:能提取事实信息,但对海明威独特的简洁写作风格("冰山理论")缺乏系统认知;
(2)人物性格分析与主题挖掘能力:能从文本中获取老人的行为和心理信息,但将具体细节与人物性格品质相联系、提炼文本主题的能力有待加强;
(3)文学语言赏析能力:能理解语言的字面意思,但对海明威极简风格中的"留白"(弦外之音)的鉴赏力不足;
(4)读后迁移与表达能力:能理解文本,但将文学启示与个人经历相联系、转化为实际行动策略的能力尚待加强。本板块作为单元拓展阅读板块,重在通过深度阅读一篇经典文学节选,引导学生运用阅读板块的三大品质框架进行文本赏析,培养文学鉴赏能力和批判性思维。
7.学科核心素养目标:
(1)语言能力:掌握与经典文学阅读相关的核心词汇(如attempt, defeat, straighten, strain, confuse, destroy, defeat等);能够理解节选文本的主旨大意和关键细节;能够分析老人的性格特质(determined, positive, persistent, fearless, strong-willed);能够赏析海明威独特的写作风格(short, simple, repeated sentences; interior monologues)。
(2)文化意识:了解海明威及其代表作《老人与海》在文学史上的地位;感悟"一个人可以被毁灭,但不能被打败"的"硬汉精神"的深刻内涵;理解经典文学作品的永恒价值。
(3)思维品质:通过分析老人的言行和心理变化,培养文本细节分析与人物性格归纳能力;通过对比老人的身体状态和精神状态的矛盾发展,培养辩证思维能力;通过运用文学三大品质框架分析文本,培养迁移应用与批判性思维能力。
(4)学习能力:掌握经典文学节选"人物分析→主题提炼→风格赏析→迁移应用"的阅读方法;掌握从文本细节中提炼人物性格特征的策略;培养将文学启示与个人生活相联系的反思能力。
8.教学重难点:
(1)教学重点:梳理节选文本的故事情节,分析老人的性格特质;运用文学三大品质(真与美、唤起情感与想象、经久不衰)分析《老人与海》节选。
(2)教学难点:理解海明威"冰山理论"写作风格——简洁语言背后的深层含义;分析老人的身体状态(逐渐虚弱)与精神状态(愈发坚定)之间的对比及其主题意义。
9.教学准备:教材Extended reading板块文本"The Old Man and the Sea"、海明威生平背景资料、人物性格分析任务单、文学三大品质分析表、写作风格赏析卡、课堂表现评价量表。
10.教学方法:任务型阅读教学法、批判性阅读教学法、合作探究法、以读促写法、教学评一体化闭环教学法。
11.学法指导:课前预习课文,标注不理解的词汇和句子,查阅海明威及其作品《老人与海》的背景信息;课中按照"作者背景→整体感知→细节梳理→人物分析→风格赏析→迁移应用"六步落实拓展阅读;重点训练"文学文本赏析"策略——关注人物的言行和心理描写、作者的写作手法和语言特色、文本与单元主题的联系;课后完成文学短评写作任务,实现"读得深、析得透、悟得明、写得出"的学习目标。
二、教学过程(45分钟适配闭环流程)
(一)情境导入·激活背景(5分钟)
1.回顾旧知·引出主题(2分钟)
教师提问:"In the Reading part, we learned three qualities of great literature. Can you tell us what they are?"引导学生回顾文学三大品质——description of truth and beauty, appeal to feelings and imagination, permanence(universal interest and personal style)。教师回应:"Today we are going to explore how these qualities are reflected in one of the world's most famous novels."引出本课主题——海明威《老人与海》。
2.作者与作品介绍·激活背景(3分钟)
教师呈现海明威的基本信息:"Ernest Hemingway(1899-1961)is an American writer of novels and short stories. He is well thought of for his unique writing style and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954."教师简要介绍《老人与海》的创作背景——小说讲述老渔夫圣地亚哥在连续84天空手而归后,第85天在海上与大马林鱼搏斗的故事。节选部分聚焦老人与大鱼搏斗的过程。教师呈现标题"The Old Man and the Sea",引导学生预判文本内容。
学法渗透:激活已知,建立新旧知识之间的联系,为深度阅读铺垫背景。
(二)整体感知·把握主旨(5分钟)
1.快速阅读·判断文体与主旨(3分钟)
学生快速阅读教材第53页节选文本(含引言和正文),完成以下任务:(1)判断文本类型(A. novel B. poem C. drama D. short story);(2)用一句话概括节选内容(The excerpt describes the fierce struggle between the old man Santiago and a huge fish on the sea.)。教师引导学生关注引言部分——引言介绍了海明威的生平和故事背景,为理解节选提供了重要信息。
2.梳理回合·把握情节(2分钟)
教师提问:"How many rounds did the old man fight with the big fish in the excerpt?"引导学生快速浏览文本,找出老人与鱼搏斗的回合数(Seven rounds)。教师板书回合线索,为后续细节梳理做铺垫。
学法渗透:重点训练"略读(skimming)"策略——快速获取文章主旨和结构信息。
(三)细节梳理·人物分析(15分钟)
活动一 分回合梳理·言行与心理(8分钟)
教师引导学生分组精读节选文本的不同回合,完成人物分析任务单:
Round 1(Lines 7-11):老人的行动——pulled on him;鱼的反应——turned a little on his side, straightened himself, began another circle;老人的话语/想法——"I moved him.";体现的品质——confident, ambitious, patient.
Round 2(Lines 12-24):老人的行动——held on all the strain;鱼的反应——pulled part way over, righted himself, swam away;老人的话语/想法——"Fish, you are going to have to die anyway. Do you have to kill me too?" "I must get him alongside this time.";体现的品质——determined, rational, faithful.
Round 3(Lines 25-33):老人的行动——nearly had him;鱼的反应——righted himself, swam slowly away;老人的话语/想法——"You are killing me, fish." "Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother." "Clear up, head.";体现的品质——positive, persevering, fearless, respectful.
Rounds 4-7(Lines 34-42):老人的状态变化——身体:feeling himself go, feeling faint, head confused, mouth too dry, hands mushy;精神:will try it once more, again, once again;体现的品质——physically weakened but mentally stronger.
教师引导学生关注一个核心对比:老人的身体状态(越来越虚弱——felt faint, going, hands mushy, mouth dry)与精神状态(越来越坚定——"I will try it once more.""I'll try it again.""I will try it once again.")的对比。引导学生理解:身体可以被削弱,但精神不可被打败。
活动二 性格归纳·主题提炼(7分钟)
教师引导学生归纳老人的核心性格特质,并提炼文本主题:
(1)"What words can you use to describe the old man's character?"(determined, positive, persistent, fearless, strong-willed, respectful)
(2)"What theme does the excerpt convey?"("A man can be destroyed but not defeated."——一个人可以被毁灭,但不能被打败。)
(3)"Which sentence in the text best reflects this theme?"(引导学生从文本中找出体现这一主题的关键句,如老人的内心独白和反复尝试的动作)
教师总结:正如引言所引用的海明威名言——"A man can be destroyed but not defeated",这句话揭示了小说的核心主题:人的身体可以被摧毁,但精神意志永远不可被打败。老人的身体状态持续恶化,但他的决心和自我激励却越来越强,这正是"硬汉精神"的真谛。
学法渗透:重点训练"人物分析"策略——从人物的行动、语言和心理描写中归纳性格特质;重点训练"主题提炼"策略——从文本的关键句和人物的发展变化中把握主题。
(四)风格赏析·"冰山理论"(10分钟)
1.语言特点分析(5分钟)
教师引导学生赏析海明威独特的写作风格,呈现以下三个核心特征:
特征一:简洁(Short and simple sentences)
教师呈现文本例句——"Pull, hands.""Hold up, legs.""Last for me, head."——引导学生观察句式特点(简短、有力)。教师提问:"What effect do these short sentences create?"(They create a sense of urgency and determination.)
特征二:重复(Repetition)
教师呈现文本例句——"I will try it once more.""I'll try it again.""I will try it once again."——引导学生发现重复手法的运用。教师提问:"Why does Hemingway use repetition here?"(To emphasize the old man's strong determination and to show his mental strength despite physical weakness.)
特征三:内心独白(Interior monologues)
教师引导学生找出文中的内心独白——老人与自己对话的句子,如"Clear up, head," he said in a voice he could hardly hear. "Clear up."教师提问:"With whom does the old man talk? Why does he talk to himself?"(He talks to himself to encourage himself and to maintain his willpower.)
2."冰山理论"介绍(3分钟)
教师介绍海明威的"冰山理论"(Iceberg Theory):用简洁的语言塑造鲜明的形象,但将思想和情感隐藏在语言和形象之下——就像冰山,露在水面上的只有八分之一,另外八分之七在水下。
教师提问:"What might the old man, the fish, and the sea symbolize in this novel?"引导学生讨论文本的象征意义:
老人 → people's strong will(人的坚强意志)
大鱼 → people's goal and dream(人的目标和梦想)
大海 → the harsh reality(严酷的现实)
教师总结:海明威简洁的语言背后藏着深刻的思想——这就是"冰山理论"的魅力所在。
3.文学三大品质的体现(2分钟)
教师引导学生将本课与Reading板块的文学三大品质相联系,完成以下对应:
Truth and Beauty——The truth about what the old man endures at sea; the beauty of strong will and human spirit.
Appeal to feelings and imagination——Readers can imagine the fierce battle and feel the old man's determination.
Permanence(Universal interest and personal style)——Universal interest: the story of struggle and perseverance appeals to readers of all cultures; Personal style: Hemingway's unique concise writing style.
学法渗透:重点训练"文学鉴赏"策略——从语言特点和象征意义两方面赏析文学作品;重点训练"迁移应用"策略——将阅读板块学到的文学品质概念应用于具体作品的赏析。
(五)读后迁移·文学短评(8分钟)
1.写作任务布置(2分钟)
教师布置写作任务:"Write a short literary comment on the excerpt from The Old Man and the Sea. Your comment should: ① briefly describe what the excerpt is about; ② analyze the old man's character(at least 2 qualities);③ explain how the excerpt reflects at least ONE of the three qualities of great literature."词数要求:约80词。
教师提供写作支架:
"This excerpt from The Old Man and the Sea describes..."
"The old man is ______ because..."
"The excerpt reflects the quality of ______. This is shown when..."
2.独立写作(4分钟)
学生独立完成文学短评,教师巡视指导,关注学生对人物性格的分析和对文学品质概念的运用。
3.同伴分享与互评(2分钟)
同桌交换作品,从以下维度进行互评:(1)是否清晰描述了节选内容?(2)是否分析了老人的性格品质?(3)是否运用了三大品质框架?教师邀请2-3名学生展示作品,给予积极反馈。
(六)当堂检测·评价反馈(2分钟)
发放课堂学习评价表,学生根据以下维度进行自我评价:评价维度一:主旨理解——能准确概括节选内容和主旨,自评等级A/B/C。评价维度二:人物分析——能分析老人的性格特质及其文本依据,自评等级A/B/C。评价维度三:风格赏析——能识别海明威的写作风格特征并理解"冰山理论",自评等级A/B/C。评价维度四:迁移应用——能运用文学三大品质分析节选文本,自评等级A/B/C。教师收集自评结果,了解学情。
(七)课堂小结·素养升华(2分钟)
(1)知识小结:掌握《老人与海》节选的核心内容;理解老人"可以被毁灭但不能被打败"的硬汉精神;掌握海明威"冰山理论"的写作风格——简洁、重复、内心独白。
(2)能力小结:巩固"人物分析→主题提炼→风格赏析→迁移应用"的经典文学阅读方法;提升从文学作品中汲取精神力量的能力。
(3)素养小结:正如老人的精神永远不会被打败,我们在学习和生活中也应保持坚定的信念和永不言弃的勇气。《老人与海》之所以成为经典,不仅因为它的艺术成就,更因为它传递了超越时代的精神力量——这也是Reading板块所谈"文学三大品质"的最佳体现。让我们在阅读经典中汲取力量,在探索文学中丰富人生。
(八)分层课后作业
(1)基础层:整理本课所学的海明威写作风格特征及其文本例证。背诵文中你认为最精彩的2-3个句子,并说明其体现了什么品质。
(2)提升层:根据课堂所学,完善文学短评(约100词),运用文学三大品质框架分析《老人与海》节选。
(3)拓展层:阅读《老人与海》全文(或中文译本),用英语写一篇120词左右的读后感。
三、板书设计
Unit 4 Exploring literature
Extended reading —— The Old Man and the Sea
1. Author: Ernest Hemingway(American writer, Nobel Prize in Literature 1954)
2. Main character: Santiago, an aging fisherman
3. Plot: The fierce struggle between the old man and a huge fish
4. The old man's character:
determined, positive, persistent, fearless, strong-willed, respectful
5. Contrast:
Physical condition: getting weaker(faint, confused, mushy hands)
Mental state: getting stronger("I will try it once more/again/once again.")
→ Core theme: "A man can be destroyed but not defeated."
6. Hemingway's writing style(Iceberg Theory):
short and simple sentences, repetition, interior monologues
simple language → deep meaning and emotion
7. Three qualities reflected:
Truth and Beauty, Appeal to feelings and imagination, Permanence
四、教学反思
本课为单元拓展阅读板块,严格遵循教学评一体化闭环模式,以海明威《老人与海》节选为载体,通过"作者背景→整体感知→细节梳理→人物分析→风格赏析→迁移应用"的路径,实现经典文学阅读与深度思辨的有机融合。
教学亮点:从Reading板块文学三大品质导入,实现了拓展阅读与单元主阅读的有机衔接;回合梳理和人物分析任务帮助学生系统把握文本内容和人物性格;身体状态与精神状态的对比分析有效突破了主题理解的难点;"冰山理论"的讲解引导学生深入理解海明威独特的写作风格;文学三大品质的迁移应用实现了知识的融会贯通。
现存短板:部分学生对海明威"冰山理论"的理解仍不够深入,对简洁语言背后的"弦外之音"把握不足;少数学生在文学短评中运用三大品质框架时较为生硬;个别学生对"硬汉精神"与个人生活的联系思考不够深入。
后续优化策略:在Project板块的文学主题项目中,引导学生运用本课所学的文学分析方法赏析更多作品;提供更多"冰山理论"的例证和解读示范;鼓励学生联系自身经历,深化对"永不言弃"精神的理解和践行。
五、教学达成目标
(1)全员达标:能理解节选文本的主旨大意和主要情节;能说出老人的核心性格特质;能识别海明威写作风格的基本特征。
(2)大部分达标:能分析老人的身体状态与精神状态的对比及其主题意义;能理解"冰山理论"的基本含义;能运用文学三大品质框架分析节选文本。
(3)能力进阶:学生掌握"人物分析→主题提炼→风格赏析→迁移应用"的经典文学阅读方法;具备从文本细节中提炼人物性格和主题的能力。
(4)素养满分:理解"一个人可以被毁灭但不能被打败"的硬汉精神的深刻内涵;感悟经典文学作品跨越时代的永恒价值;对单元主题"探索文学"的认知从理论理解深化到实践赏析,为后续Project板块的综合性项目实践做好充分准备。
第二部分 导学案
一、课前预习导学
(一)作者与作品预习
查阅资料,回答以下问题:
(1)Who is the author of The Old Man and the Sea?
(2)What is the author well thought of for?
(3)What is the novel about?
(二)文本词汇预习
写出下列词汇的中文释义:
(1)attempt _______________ (2)defeat _______________
(3)straighten _______________ (4)strain _______________
(5)confuse _______________ (6)destroy _______________
(7)faint _______________ (8)noble _______________
(三)预习思考
(1)What do you know about The Old Man and the Sea?
(2)What qualities do you think a "tough man" should have?
(3)What does "A man can be destroyed but not defeated" mean to you?
二、课中合作探究
(一)整体感知·主旨与结构
1.快速阅读·判断文体与主旨
(1)The text is an excerpt from a ____________.(novel / poem / drama)
(2)The excerpt describes ________________________________________.
(3)The old man fought with the fish for ______ rounds.
2.回合梳理
Round Lines What the old man did What the fish did
1 7-11
2 12-24
3 25-33
4-7 34-42
(二)人物分析·性格与精神
1.回合细读·言行与心理
(1)Round 1: The old man said "________________" when the fish turned. This shows he was _______________.
(2)Round 2: The old man's words "Fish, you are going to have to die anyway. Do you have to kill me too?" show he was _______________.
(3)Round 3: The old man said "Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother." This shows he _______________.
(4)Rounds 4-7: The old man repeatedly said "I will try it once more/again/once again." This shows he was _______________.
2.对比分析·身体与精神
Complete the comparison:
Physical condition: getting ________(weak / strong)
Example: ________________________________________________________
Mental state: getting ________(weak / strong)
Example: ________________________________________________________
This contrast shows that ________________________________________.
(三)写作风格赏析·"冰山理论"
1.语言特点分析
(1)Short and simple sentences: Find an example from the text.
(2)Repetition: Find an example from the text.
(3)Interior monologues(内心独白): Find an example from the text.
2."Iceberg Theory"
(1)What is Hemingway's "Iceberg Theory"? ________________________________________
(2)What might the following elements symbolize in the novel?
The old man → ________________________________________
The big fish → ________________________________________
The sea → ________________________________________
(四)文学三大品质的体现
(1)Truth and Beauty:
(2)Appeal to feelings and imagination:
(3)Permanence(universal interest and personal style):
导学案参考答案
一、课前预习导学
(一)作者与作品预习 参考答案
(1)Ernest Hemingway.
(2)He is well thought of for his unique writing style. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954.
(3)It tells the story of an aging fisherman named Santiago who struggles with a huge fish after coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days.
(二)文本词汇预习 参考答案
(1)试图/尝试(2)打败/击败(3)使变直/使挺直(4)拉力/张力/压力(5)使困惑/使迷糊(6)摧毁/毁灭(7)昏倒/虚弱的(8)高尚的/崇高的
(三)预习思考 参考
(1)Open-ended.
(2)A tough man should have determination, courage, persistence and a strong will.
(3)Open-ended.
二、课中合作探究
(一)整体感知·主旨与结构 参考答案
(1)novel
(2)the fierce struggle between the old man and a huge fish
(3)seven
回合梳理: 根据文本内容填写(参考教学过程部分)
(二)人物分析·性格与精神 参考
(1)"I moved him." / excited and confident
(2)confident and rational
(3)respects the fish as a worthy opponent
(4)persistent and determined
对比分析: Physical condition: getting weaker(faint, confused, mushy hands); Mental state: getting stronger("I will try it once more/again/once again"); This shows that a man can be physically destroyed but not mentally defeated.
(三)写作风格赏析·"冰山理论" 参考
(1)"Pull, hands. Hold up, legs. Last for me, head."——short, powerful commands.
(2)"I will try it once more. I'll try it again. I will try it once again."——repetition emphasizes determination.
(3)"Clear up, head," he said in a voice he could hardly hear. "Clear up."
(2)① The old man → people's strong will; ② The big fish → people's goal and dream; ③ The sea → the harsh reality.
(四)文学三大品质的体现 参考
(1)Truth and Beauty: The truth about what the old man endures; the beauty of strong will.
(2)Appeal to feelings and imagination: Readers can imagine the battle and feel the old man's determination.
(3)Permanence: Universal interest(struggle and perseverance)+ Personal style(Hemingway's concise style).
第三部分 测评案
一、信息提取与理解(20分)
A. 根据文章内容填空。(每空2分,共10分)
(1)The author of The Old Man and the Sea is ______.
(2)The old man's name is ______.
(3)The old man had been empty-handed for ______ days before he caught the big fish.
(4)The old man fought with the fish for ______ rounds.
(5)According to the excerpt, "A man can be ______ but not ______."
B. 根据文章内容判断正误(T/F),并说明理由。(每题2分,共10分)
(1)The old man easily caught the fish in the first round. ( )
理由:_________________________________________________________________
(2)The old man's physical condition got worse during the fight. ( )
理由:_________________________________________________________________
(3)The old man's mental state became weaker as he got more tired. ( )
理由:_________________________________________________________________
(4)The old man respected the fish as a noble opponent. ( )
理由:_________________________________________________________________
(5)Hemingway's writing style is known for being concise and simple. ( )
理由:_________________________________________________________________
二、词汇与表达运用(20分)
A. 用所给词汇的正确形式完成句子。(每题2分,共10分)
(attempt, defeat, strain, confuse, destroy)
(1)The old man ____________ to catch the huge fish for days.
(2)The fish ____________ all the lines of the old man.
(3)The old man felt ____________ when the fish kept swimming in circles.
(4)The storm ____________ many houses along the coast.
(5)The old man believed that nothing could ____________ him.
B. 根据中文提示完成句子。(每题2分,共10分)
(6)老人说:"我必须这次把它拉到船边。"
The old man said, "I ____________ him alongside this time."
(7)"我从没见过比你更美丽、更冷静或更高贵的东西。"
"Never have I seen a more beautiful, or a calmer or more ____________ thing than you."
(8)他的嘴干得说不出话来。
His mouth was ____________ to speak.
(9)老人一次又一次地尝试。
The old man tried it ____________.
(10)一个人可以被毁灭但不能被打败。
A man can be ____________ but not ____________.
三、人物与风格分析(20分)
A. 人物分析(10分)
请用至少3个形容词描述老人的性格特质,并从文本中找出相应的文本依据。
性格特质 文本依据
1.
2.
3.
B. 风格赏析(10分)
(1)请写出海明威写作风格的两个核心特征,并从文本中各举一例。
特征一:________________ 例证:________________________________________
特征二:________________ 例证:________________________________________
(2)什么是海明威的"冰山理论"?它对读者理解文本有什么帮助?
四、文学短评(40分)
以"A Literary Comment on The Old Man and the Sea"为题,写一篇80-100词的文学短评。
要求:
(1)简述节选内容;
(2)分析老人的性格特质(至少2个);
(3)解释节选如何体现了文学三大品质中的至少一个;
(4)语句通顺,逻辑连贯。
测评案答案与评分细则
一、信息提取与理解(20分)
A. 完成句子(10分,每题2分)
(1)Ernest Hemingway(2)Santiago(3)eighty-four(4)seven(5)destroyed, defeated
B. 判断正误(10分,每题2分)
(1)F. 理由:The old man struggled through seven rounds and the fish kept swimming away.
(2)T. 理由:The old man felt faint, his hands became mushy, and his mouth was dry.
(3)F. 理由:His mental state became stronger——he kept saying "I will try it once more/again/once again."
(4)T. 理由:The old man called the fish "brother" and praised it as "noble."
(5)T. 理由:Hemingway is known for his concise and simple style.
二、词汇与表达运用(20分)
A. 用所给词汇的正确形式完成句子。(10分,每题2分)
(1)attempted(2)strained(3)confused(4)destroyed(5)defeat
B. 根据中文提示完成句子。(10分,每题2分)
(6)must get(7)noble(8)too dry(9)once more/again/once again(10)destroyed, defeated
三、人物与风格分析(20分)
A. 人物分析(10分)
(参考)Determined——"I must get him alongside this time.";Persistent——"I will try it once more. I'll try it again. I will try it once again.";Respectful——"Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother."
B. 风格赏析(10分)
(1)特征一:Short and simple sentences——例证:"Pull, hands. Hold up, legs. Last for me, head.";特征二:Repetition——例证:"I will try it once more. I'll try it again. I will try it once again."
(2)"Iceberg Theory"指用简洁的语言塑造鲜明的形象,但将思想和情感隐藏在语言和形象之下——露在水面上的只有八分之一,另外八分之七在水下。它帮助读者透过简洁的语言去发现文本的深层含义和作者的隐含意图。
四、文学短评(40分)
参考范文
A Literary Comment on The Old Man and the Sea
This excerpt from The Old Man and the Sea describes the fierce struggle between the old fisherman Santiago and a huge fish on the sea. The old man fought with the fish for seven rounds, never giving up despite his worsening physical condition.
The old man is determined and persistent. When he said, "I must get him alongside this time," and repeatedly told himself, "I will try it once more," his strong willpower was clearly shown. Even though his body grew weaker——he felt faint, his hands became mushy, and his mouth was dry——his spirit remained unbroken.
This excerpt reflects the quality of "appeal to feelings and imagination." While reading, I could feel the old man's pain and his determination. His inner monologues made me feel as if I were fighting alongside him. This is the power of great literature——it awakens our emotions and inspires us never to give up.
评分细则
一类文(35-40分):包含完整的节选内容概述、至少2个性格特质分析、文学三大品质的运用,结构清晰,语言流畅,语法准确。
二类文(28-34分):包含以上要素,结构较清晰,语句通顺,少量语法错误。
三类文(20-27分):部分要素缺失,结构不够清晰,有较多语法错误。
四类文(0-19分):偏离主题,未按要求完成,语言错误繁多。
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