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【三阶递进·六维覆盖语法大练兵】人教社八年级上册单元素养提升
Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!
方法说明：
三阶递进从基础巩固、能力提升到综合运用由浅入深，六维覆盖从形式识别、规则应用、语境辨析、逻辑分析、语篇整合到创意表达，形成完整学习闭环。
核心语法：
可数名词与不可数名词（countable / uncountable nouns）、可数名词复数变化规则、量词表达（a piece of / a glass of / a cup of / a bowl of）、some / any 的用法、how many / how much 的用法、表示食物的词汇
一阶：基础巩固
维度1：形式识别
（一）将下列名词分为可数名词和不可数名词
apple, water, banana, milk, bread, egg, rice, meat, tomato, potato, chicken (肉), juice, carrot, cake, salt
可数名词（Countable Nouns）：
不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）：
（二）写出下列可数名词的复数形式
1.apple → __________ 2.tomato → __________3.potato → __________.4.carrot → __________
5.egg → __________ 6.knife → _________ 7.sandwich → ________8.strawberry → __________
9.mango → _________10.hamburger → __________
（三）写出下列量词短语的汉语意思
1.a piece of bread __________2.a glass of water __________3.a cup of tea __________
4.a bowl of rice __________ 5. a bottle of juice _________6.a box of chocolates __________
7.a bag of apples __________8.a slice of cake __________
维度2：规则应用
（一）用 some 或 any 填空
1.I have __________ apples in my bag.
2.Do you have __________ bread for breakfast
3.She doesn't want __________ juice.
4.There is __________ milk in the fridge.
5.Would you like __________ tea
6.Are there __________ eggs in the basket
7.He has __________ rice and meat for lunch.
8.There isn't __________ salt in this soup.
（二）用 How many 或 How much 填空
1.__________ apples do you want
2.__________ milk is in the glass
3.__________ eggs are there in the box
4.__________ rice do you need
5.__________ water is in the bottle
6.__________ tomatoes are on the table
7.__________ sugar do you put in the coffee
8.__________ bananas do you eat every day
（三）用所给词的适当形式填空（注意单复数）
1.There __________ (be) some __________ (milk) in the cup.
2.How many __________ (tomato) do you have
3.She would like two __________ (piece) of __________ (bread).
4.There __________ (be) some __________ (egg) in the basket
5.He wants three __________ (bowl) of __________ (rice).
6.We need some __________ (carrot) for the soup.
7.Are there any __________ (potato) in the bag
8.I drink a __________ (glass) of __________ (milk) every morning.
二阶：能力提升
维度3：语境辨析
（一）选词填空（用 some / any / how many / how much 填空）
A：Mum, I want to make a fruit salad. (1) __________ apples do we have
B：We have three apples. But we don't have (2) __________ bananas.
A：That's OK. (3) __________ sugar do we need
B：We need a little sugar. And we need (4) __________ yogurt.
A：Do we have (5) __________ yogurt at home
B：Yes, we have a cup. By the way, do we need (6) __________ oranges
A：Yes, we need two oranges. And we need (7) __________ strawberries.
B：OK, let me check. There aren't (8) __________ strawberries. We need to buy (9) __________.
A：Great! Let's go to the supermarket first.
（二）在语境中圈出正确的词
1.There are (some / any) eggs in the fridge.
2.I need (a / some) bread for breakfast.
3.How (many / much) water do you drink every day
4.Would you like (some / any) juice
5.There isn't (some / any) salt in this dish.
6.We need (some / any) help to cook the dinner.
7.How (many / much) potatoes do we need
8.She wants (a / some) glass of water.
（三）选择正确的可数或不可数形式
1.I want to buy (a / some) rice.
2.There are (many / much) bananas on the table.
3.How (many / much) sugar is in the box
4.She has (a / some) apple in her hand.
5.There is (many / much) milk in the glass.
6.We have (a / some) information about healthy food.
7.How (many / much) people are there in your family
8.I need (a / some) water after the game.
维度4：逻辑分析
（一）根据对话内容判断句子正(T)误(F)
Mom and Tom are talking about breakfast.
Mom：Tom, what would you like for breakfast
Tom：I'd like some bread and eggs. And some milk, please.
Mom：How many eggs do you want
Tom：Two, please.
Mom：How much milk do you need
Tom：A glass. Is there any juice
Mom：Yes, there is some apple juice in the fridge.
Tom：Great! I also need some strawberries.
Mom：Sorry, we don't have any strawberries now. We have some bananas.
Tom：OK, I'll have a banana then.
( ) 1. Tom would like some bread and eggs for breakfast.
( ) 2. Tom wants three eggs.
( ) 3. Tom would like a cup of milk.
( ) 4. There is some apple juice in the fridge.
( ) 5. Tom wants some strawberries for breakfast.
( ) 6. They have some bananas at home.
（二）阅读短文，回答问题
My mom is a great cook. She makes delicious meals for us every day. For breakfast, we often have bread, eggs and milk. My brother likes to eat two eggs and a bowl of rice. I usually have a piece of bread and a glass of milk. We have lunch at school. I often have some rice, meat and vegetables. For dinner, my mom makes soup, fish and vegetables. She never uses too much salt because it's not healthy. We always have some fruit after dinner. How many apples do we eat We eat about four apples a day. How much water do we drink We drink at least 8 glasses of water a day.
回答问题：
1.What do they often have for breakfast
→ ________________________________.
2.What does Tom's brother like to eat for breakfast
→ ________________________________.
3.Where do they have lunch
→ ________________________________.
4.Why doesn't mom use too much salt
→ ________________________________.
5.How many apples do they eat a day
→ ________________________________.
（三）将下列句子按逻辑顺序排列，组成一段通顺的对话
( ) Yes, there are some. How many tomatoes do we need
( ) Great! Let me get the tomatoes.
( ) We need three tomatoes and some salt.
( ) Mum, I want to cook some soup. Are there any tomatoes at home
( ) We need three.
正确的顺序：______ → ______ → ______ → ______ → ______
三阶：综合运用
维度5：语篇整合
（一）短文改错（每句一处错误，共6处）
(1) I would like some rices and chicken for lunch.
(2) How many milk do you have in the fridge
(3) There are some strawberrys on the plate.
(4) We need some tomatoes and potatos for the soup.
(5) She doesn't eat some meat because she is a vegetarian.
(6) How much eggs do you want to buy
请写出序号、错误和改正：
(1) 错误：______ 改正：______
(2) 错误：______ 改正：______
(3) 错误：______ 改正：______
(4) 错误：______ 改正：______
(5) 错误：______ 改正：______
(6) 错误：______ 改正：______
（二）语法填空（10空）
用括号内词的适当形式填空：
Today is my mother's birthday. My father and I want to cook (1) __________ (a / some) special meal for her. We go to the supermarket to buy (2) __________ (many / much) food. We buy (3) __________ (a / some) fish, some (4) __________ (tomato) and (5) __________ (potato). We also buy (6) __________ (a / some) bottle of juice. Then we go home and start to cook. My father makes the soup. He puts (7) __________ (some / any) salt and pepper in it. I make a fruit salad. I put (8) __________ (some / any) apples and bananas in it. How (9) __________ (many / much) sugar do we need We need a little. Finally, we make a big meal. My mother is very happy. "How (10) __________ (nice / nicely) the meal is!" she says.
（三）完成下列对话
A：Hi, Lucy! (1) ____________________（你想吃什么晚餐）
B：I'd like some noodles.
A：(2) ____________________（你需要多少面条）
B：A bowl of noodles is enough.
A：(3) ____________________（冰箱里有一些鸡蛋吗）
B：Yes, there are some eggs. We can put an egg in the noodles.
A：(4) ____________________（我们需要一些蔬菜吗）
B：Yes, we need some tomatoes and carrots.
A：(5) ____________________（你想喝点果汁吗）
B：Yes, please. I'd like a glass of orange juice.
A：(6) ____________________（要加糖吗）
B：No, thanks. I don't want any sugar in my juice.
维度6：创意表达
（一）我最喜欢的一顿饭（至少60词）
要求：
描述你最喜欢的一顿饭（早餐/午餐/晚餐）。
说明你吃/喝什么。
说明你喜欢的原因。
至少用2个不可数名词。
至少用2个 how many / how much 的问句（可自问自答）。
至少用3个量词短语（如 a piece of）。
参考开头：My favorite meal is...
（二）为家人做一顿饭（至少50词）
假设你要为家人做一顿饭。要求：
说明你准备做什么菜。
列出需要的食材。
说明需要多少（使用 how many / how much）。
至少用3个可数名词复数形式。
至少用3个不可数名词。
至少用1个 some / any 的句子。
参考开头：I want to cook a nice meal for my family...
参考答案
一阶
维度1（一）：
可数名词（Countable Nouns）：apple, banana, egg, tomato, potato, carrot, cake
不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）：water, milk, bread, rice, meat, chicken (肉), juice, salt
维度1（二）：
1.apples 2. tomatoes 3. potatoes 4. carrots 5. eggs 6. knives 7. sandwiches 8. strawberries 9. mangoes 10. hamburgers
维度1（三）：
1.一片面包 2. 一杯水 3. 一杯茶 4. 一碗米饭 5. 一瓶果汁 6. 一盒巧克力 7. 一袋苹果 8. 一块蛋糕
维度2（一）：
1.some 2. any 3. any 4. some 5. some 6. any 7. some 8. any
维度2（二）：
1.How many 2. How much 3. How many 4. How much 5. How much 6. How many 7. How much 8. How many
维度2（三）：
1.is, milk 2. tomatoes 3. pieces, bread 4. are, eggs 5. bowls, rice 6. carrots 7. potatoes 8. glass, milk
二阶
维度3（一）：
(1) How many (2) any (3) How much (4) some (5) any (6) any (7) some (8) any (9) some
维度3（二）：
1.some 2. some 3. much 4. some 5. any 6. some 7. many 8. a
维度3（三）：
1.some 2. many 3. much 4. an 5. much 6. some 7. many 8. some
维度4（一）：
1.T 2. F（两个） 3. F（一杯牛奶） 4. T 5. T 6. T
维度4（二）：
1.They often have bread, eggs and milk.
2.He likes to eat two eggs and a bowl of rice
3.They have lunch at school.
4.Because it's not healthy.
5.They eat about four apples a day.
维度4（三）：
正确的顺序：4 → 1 → 5 → 3 → 2
（Mum, I want to cook some soup. Are there any tomatoes at home → Yes, there are some. How many tomatoes do we need → We need three. → We need three tomatoes and some salt. → Great! Let me get the tomatoes.）
三阶
维度5（一）：
(1) 错误：rices；改正：rice
(2) 错误：many；改正：much
(3) 错误：strawberrys；改正：strawberries
(4) 错误：potatos；改正：potatoes
(5) 错误：some；改正：any
(6) 错误：much；改正：many
维度5（二）：
(1) a (2) some (3) some (4) tomatoes (5) potatoes (6) a (7) some (8) some (9) much (10) nice
维度5（三）：
(1) What would you like for dinner
(2) How much noodles do you need
(3) Are there any eggs in the fridge
(4) Do we need any vegetables
(5) Would you like some juice
(6) Do you want any sugar
维度6（参考范文）：
我最喜欢的一顿饭：
My favorite meal is breakfast. I usually have a big breakfast because it gives me energy for the day. I have a glass of milk and two pieces of bread with jam. I also eat two eggs and some fruit. How many eggs do I eat I eat two eggs. How much milk do I drink I drink about 250 ml. I love breakfast because I can have many kinds of food. I enjoy my breakfast time with my family. We talk and laugh together. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. What a wonderful meal breakfast is!
为家人做一顿饭：
I want to cook a nice meal for my family on Sunday. I plan to make vegetable soup and some noodles. I need some tomatoes, potatoes and carrots for the soup. How many tomatoes do we need We need three. How many potatoes We need two. How much water do we need We need about 1 liter. For the noodles, I need some flour and eggs. I also need some salt and oil. I want to make the meal healthy. There is some meat in the fridge, but I don't want to use any meat because my sister is vegetarian. I think my family will love this meal. It will be a special Sunday dinner!
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