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(共25张PPT)
UNIT 12 INNOVATION
LESSON 1 SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. To get the main idea of the whole passage through reading skills.
2. To read and talk about important inventions and discoveries of the 20th century.
KEY POINTS AND DIFFICULT POINTS
1. Practice reading skills for specific information.
2. Think critically and express opinions freely about scientific breakthroughs.
Lead in
What are their inventions or discoveries
Eckert and Mauchly
first computer (1946)
Tim Berners-Lee
World Wide Web (1990)
Alexander Fleming
penicillin (1929)
Albert Einstein
E=mc2 theory (1905)
LEAD IN
Watch a video
Thinking
Comment
Match the discoveries or inventions (1-4) with how they came about (a-d).
1 E=mc2
2 penicillin
3 the first computer
4 the Internet
a there was a lucky accident
b scientists worked together as a team
c different scientists worked on it for many years
d a scientist was inspired
1 ____ 2 ____ 3 ____ 4 ____
d
a
b
c
TASK 1
TASK 2
Write T (true), F (false) or NI (no information) in brackets.
(　　) 1. It is not easy to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century.
(　　) 2. An atom is the smallest particle of matter.
(　　) 3. Einstein was at work when he thought of the equation “E = mc ”.
(　　) 4. Einstein participated in the programme that developed the nuclear bomb.
(　　) 5. Einstein observed changes in time, size and mass.
T
F
F
NI
T
Write T (true), F (false) or NI (no information) in brackets.
(　　) 6. Fleming had been studying bacteria in his laboratory when the discovery happened.
(　　) 7. Fleming developed the process of making penicillin.
(　　) 8. The first computer project failed to meet its original goal.
(　　) 9. The first computer was extremely difficult to programme.
(　　) puters could not connect to each other before 1990.
T
NI
T
NI
F
TASK 3
Find information about how the following things were invented/ discovered. Organise the information in your own way. Then describe the process in groups.
E=mc2
Who
Significance
How
Significance
Albert Einstein
inspired while rocking his baby
showing how a small piece of mass could produce an unbelievable amount of energy
theory of relativity
penicillin
Who
Significance
How
Significance
Alexander Fleming
a lucky accident
helping to save the lives of millions
remained humble about the amazing outcome of his discovery
computer
Who
How
When
Eckert and Mauchly
They did the job in a joint effort.
It was the world’s first computer.
Significance
In 1946
the Internet
Who
Significance
How
Significance
Tim Berners-Lee
different scientists working on it for many years
enabling computers all over the world to communicate with each other
without the Internet, life is unimaginable
A brief introduction of scientific breakthroughs in the 20th century
Some great pioneers of science and their inventions or discoveries
The significance of these breakthroughs
Para 1
Para 2-6
Para 7
Read the article again and answer the following questions.
TASK 4
1. Which discovery or invention mentioned in the text has been the most important so far Why
Example 1: I think the invention of World Wide Web has been the most important so far, because it is of great practical significance for most people. Life without it is unimaginable.
1. Which discovery or invention mentioned in the text has been the most important so far Why
Example 2: I think penicillin has been the most important discovery so far because it has saved millions of lives around the world. For example, in WWII, many soldiers got wounded. Penicillin was useful in keeping wounds from getting infected and helping to speed the healing process of those wounds that did become infected.
2. Which discovery or invention will most influence the future Why
Example 1: I think E=mc will most influence the future. Because with the decreases in natural resources, energy problem has become more serious than ever. E=mc provides theoretical basis for future research.
2. Which discovery or invention will most influence the future Why
Example 2: In my opinion, the Internet will most influence the future. Without Internet, we might not immediately have access to the latest news or materials. For example, in the educational field, people share lessons and other educational resources on the Internet, which makes it possible for students in remote areas to get educated, and promotes fair education as well.
Line 12: Although... Here are some of them.
Line 15: One of the 20th century's premier scientists was...
Line 24: ...another important finding...
Line 34: ...when Fleming's discovery was...
Line 49: With the development of computers...
Line 57: These pioneers...
3. How did the writer connect the paragraphs Circle the signal words or phrases.
Conclusion
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words below.
I really don't know what I want to do when I leave school. My dad is a computer engineer working on the improvement of the 1. _________________ of the Navy's 2. _______________. I would like to follow in his footsteps, but then I'd have to sit in
accuracy
missiles
READ AND EXPLORE
orbit missile enable launch accuracy
scientific microscope inventor biologist
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words below.
front of a computer all day. My mum is a 3. ________________, but it seems to me that all she does is looking at bacteria through a 4. ___________________. All that stuff about 5. ___________________ findings that save people's lives is pretty interesting, but I think I might be more interested in studying medicine. But then again, my uncle is a scientist and he is
biologist
microscope
READ AND EXPLORE
scientific
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words below.
always talking about 6. ________________ satellites into 7. ___________. I find this very exciting. I know what I want to be! I could be an 8. _______________! I could come up with hundreds of inventions that will 9. ____________ people to live better lives. But...I don't think there's a university course for inventors. Maybe I should just find out what I really like first.
launching
orbit
READ AND EXPLORE
inventor
enable

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