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三阶递进 六维覆盖单元语法大练兵
人教社九年级上册 Unit 1 The Changing World
方法说明
三阶递进从基础巩固、能力提升到综合运用由浅入深，六维覆盖从形式识别、规则应用、语境辨析、逻辑分析、语篇整合到创意表达，形成完整学习闭环。
核心语法：现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense）
含义：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或过去开始的动作持续到现在。 基本结构：have /has + 过去分词 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词... 否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词... 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词...？ 标志词：already, yet, ever, never, just, before, since, for, so far, recently, etc.
一阶：基础巩固
维度 1：形式识别
（一）写出下列动词的过去分词形式
1.be __________　　2. go __________　　3. do __________　　4. have __________
5.see __________　　6. eat __________　　7. take __________　　8. make __________
9.buy __________　　10. read __________　　11. write __________　　12. speak __________
13.know __________　　14. grow __________　　15. give __________　　16. tell __________
（二）写出下列时间状语的汉语意思
1.already __________　　2. yet __________　　3. ever __________　　4. never __________
5.just __________　　6. before __________　　7. so far __________　　8. recently __________
9.since 2018 __________　　10. for two years __________
（三）用 have /has 填空
1.I __________ finished my homework already.
2.She __________ visited Beijing many times.
3.They __________ never been to the Great Wall.
4.He __________ just come back from Shanghai.
5.We __________ known each other for ten years.
6.__________ My mother __________ cooked dinner yet (疑问句)
7.The children __________ gone to school.
8.Our city __________ changed a lot recently.
维度 2：规则应用
（一）用所给动词的适当形式填空（现在完成时）
1.I __________ already __________ (see) the movie. It's very interesting.
2.She __________ never __________ (eat) sushi before.
3.They __________ just __________ (arrive) at the airport.
4.We __________ (know) each other since we were children.
5.He __________ (not / finish) his homework yet.
6.__________ you ever __________ (be) to the Great Wall
7.My father __________ (work) in this company for 20 years.
8.The population of this city __________ (increase) a lot so far.
（二）将下列句子改为否定句和一般疑问句
1.肯定句：She has visited the museum.
否定句：________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________
2.肯定句：They have finished their work.
否定句：________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________
3.肯定句：I have been to Shanghai.
否定句：________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________
4.肯定句：He has bought a new car.
否定句：________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________
（三）用 since 或 for 填空
1.I have lived here __________ 2015.
2.She has studied English __________ three years.
3.They have been friends __________ they were in primary school.
4.We haven't seen each other __________ a long time.
5.He has worked at this school __________ 2010.
6.The weather has been cold __________ last week.
7.I have waited for you __________ two hours.
8.She has known him __________ five years ago.
二阶：能力提升
维度 3：语境辨析
（一）选词填空（用所给词的适当形式填空）
A：Hi, Tom! I (1) __________ (not / see) you for a long time. Where (2) __________ you __________ (be)
B：I (3) __________ (be) to my hometown. I (4) __________ (stay) there for two months.
A：Really How is your hometown (5) __________ it __________ (change) a lot
B：Yes! Great changes (6) __________ (take place) there. Many new buildings (7) __________ (appear). The roads (8) __________ (become) wider and cleaner. And the government (9) __________ (build) a new park near my house.
A：That sounds wonderful! I (10) __________ never __________ (be) to your hometown. I (11) __________ (want) to visit it for a long time.
B：You (12) __________ (should) come with me next time. I'm sure you (13) __________ (will) love it. By the way, (14) __________ you __________ (see) our old classmate Li Ming recently
A：Yes, I (15) __________ (meet) him in the library just now. He (16) __________ (tell) me that he (17) __________ (get) a new job.
（二）在语境中圈出正确的词
1.I have (already / yet) finished my homework. Let's go out!
2.Have you eaten lunch (already / yet)
3.She has (ever / never) been to Japan. This is her first time.
4.This is the most beautiful park I have (ever / never) seen.
5.He hasn't come back (already / yet).
6.I have (just / yet) had breakfast. I'm not hungry now.
7.Have you (ever / never) tried Chinese food
8.We have known each other (since / for) we were kids.
（三）根据句意选择合适的时间状语
1.I haven't seen him __________ (for / since) three days.
2.She has lived here __________ (for / since) 2018.
3.They have __________ (already / yet) left.
4.Have you finished your project __________ (already / yet)
5.I have __________ (ever / never) been to the UK.
6.He has __________ (just / yet) arrived. You can talk to him now.
维度 4：逻辑分析
根据对话内容判断句子正 (T) 误 (F)
A Conversation About Changes in the City Linda and Peter are talking about the changes in their city.
Linda：Peter, have you noticed how much our city has changed
Peter：Yes, I have! I have lived here since I was born, so I have seen many changes. Linda：Really What changes have you seen
Peter：Well, when I was a child, there were no tall buildings. Now many skyscrapers have been built. The population has increased a lot, too.
Linda：That's true. I remember there used to be an old cinema near my home. It has been turned into a shopping mall now.
Peter：I know that mall. I have been there many times. It's very convenient. But I miss the old cinema. Linda：Me too. I have watched many movies there with my parents.
Peter：Have you noticed the traffic There are more cars now.
Linda：Yes, the government has built more roads and bridges. They have also planted more trees along the streets.
Peter：That's good. The environment has become better. I have seen more birds in the park recently. Linda：I hope our city will become more beautiful!
( ) 1. Peter has lived in this city since he was born.
( ) 2. There are fewer tall buildings now than before.
( ) 3. The old cinema has been turned into a library.
( ) 4. Linda has watched movies at the old cinema.
( ) 5. The government has built more roads and bridges.
( ) 6. Peter has never been to the new shopping mall.
( ) 7. The environment has become better.
（二）阅读短文，回答问题
The Great Changes in China China has changed a lot in the past 70 years. These changes have affected people's lives in many ways.
In the past, most people lived in small, crowded houses. Now, many people have moved into modern apartments. The government has built millions of new homes for people. Transportation has also changed greatly. In the past, people usually traveled by bike or bus. Now, high-speed trains have connected most cities. Many families have bought cars. The number of airports has also increased. People's eating habits have changed, too. In the past, people only ate local food.
Now, people can enjoy food from all over the world. Supermarkets have appeared in every neighborhood. Education has improved a lot. More children have gone to school. Many schools have been rebuilt with modern puters and the Internet have been introduced into munication has become much easier. Smartphones have become common. People can chat with friends far away at any time. The Internet has changed the way people live, work and study.
However, some problems have appeared, too. Air pollution has become more serious in some cities. The government has taken action to solve these problems.
1.How have people's houses changed
→ ________________________________________________.
2.What has happened to transportation
→ ________________________________________________.
3.What has changed about people's eating habits
→ ________________________________________________.
4.What has been introduced into classrooms
→ ________________________________________________.
5.What problem has appeared
→ ________________________________________________.
6.Has the government taken action to solve the problems
→ ________________________________________________.
（三）将下列句子按逻辑顺序排列，组成一段通顺的对话
( ) I have been there twice. It's a beautiful city.
( ) Have you ever been to Chengdu
( ) I have never been there. But I have heard it's famous for pandas.
( ) That's right! I have visited the panda base. I have taken many photos.
( ) Really Can I see your photos
( ) Of course! I have put them on my phone.
正确的顺序：______ → ______ → ______ → ______ → ______ → ______
三阶：综合运用
维度 5：语篇整合
（一）短文改错（每句一处错误，共 8 处）
(1) I have went to the Great Wall three times.
(2) She has never ate such delicious food before.
(3) They have already finished their homework yet.
(4) He have lived in this city since 2015.
(5) We haven't seen each other for last year.
(6) Have you ever went to Shanghai
(7) My mother has buy a new dress for me.
(8) I have known her since five years.
请写出序号、错误和改正：
错误：__________ 改正：__________
(2) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(3) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(4) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(5) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(6) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(7) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(8) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
（二）语法填空（10 空）
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空（注意时态和语态）：
Dear Mom,
How are you I (1) __________ (be) in Beijing for two weeks now.
I (2) __________ (see) many wonderful places since I arrived. I (3) __________ already __________ (visit) the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace. They are so beautiful! I (4) __________ (not /be) to the Great Wall yet, but I (5) __________ (plan) to go next weekend. The city (6) __________ (change) a lot since I (7) __________ (come) here last time. Many new buildings (8) __________ (appear). The subway system (9) __________ (become) more convenient. I (10) __________ (take) many photos. I (11) __________ (show) them to you when I (12) __________ (get) back home.
I (13) __________ (miss) you very much. (14) __________ you __________ (receive) my last letter Please write back soon.
Love,
Xiao Ming
（三）完成下列对话
A：Hi, Zhang Wei! (1) ____________________（你最近过得怎么样）
B：Pretty good! (2) ____________________（我已经完成了我所有的作业）.
A：Great! (3) ____________________（你去过新的科技博物馆吗）
B：No, (4) ____________________（我还没去过）. Is it interesting
A：Yes! (5) ____________________（我已经去过那里两次了）. They have many new robots.
B：Really (6) ____________________（我听说过很多关于机器人的事）.
A：(7) ____________________（你想和我一起去吗） this weekend
B：Sure! (8) ____________________（我们什么时候见面）
A：How about 9:00 on Saturday morning
B：OK. (9) ____________________（我在学校门口等你）. A：Great! (10) ____________________（别忘了带你的相机）!
维度 6：创意表达
（一）写给笔友的信（至少 70 词）
假设你要给笔友写一封信，介绍你所在城市或家乡的变化。 要求：
介绍你所在城市 / 家乡过去的样子（使用一般过去时）；
介绍现在发生的变化（使用现在完成时）；
描述至少 3 个方面的变化（如建筑、交通、环境、生活方式等）；
至少使用 5 个现在完成时的句子；
至少使用 2 个现在完成时的时间状语；
询问笔友所在地方的变化。
参考开头： Dear _______, How is everything going I'm writing to tell you about the great changes in my city...
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（二）变化中的世界（至少 60 词）
写一篇短文，谈谈你观察到周围世界发生的变化。 要求：
描述你生活中至少 3 个方面的变化（学校、家庭、社区、科技等）；
使用现在完成时描述已发生的变化；
至少使用 5 个现在完成时的句子；
至少使用 3 个不同的时间状语；
谈谈你对这些变化的感受（用 1-2 句话表达你的观点）。
参考开头： The world around us has changed a lot. In my life, I have noticed many changes...
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一阶
维度 1（一）动词过去分词
1.been 2. gone 3. done 4. had 5. seen 6. eaten 7. taken 8. made 9. bought 10. read 11. written 12. spoken 13. known 14. grown 15. given 16. told
维度 1（二）时间状语释义
1.已经（多用于肯定句） 2. 已经 / 还（多用于否定句、疑问句） 3. 曾经（多用于疑问句） 4. 从不、从未 5. 刚刚 6. 以前 7. 到目前为止 8. 最近 9. 自从 2018 年 10. 长达两年
维度 1（三）have/has 填空
1.have 2. has 3. have 4. has 5. have 6. Has 7. have 8. has
维度 2（一）动词适当形式填空
1.have; seen 2. has; eaten 3. have; arrived 4. have known 5. hasn't finished 6. Have; been 7. has worked 8. has increased
维度 2（二）句型转换
否定句：She hasn't visited the museum. 一般疑问句：Has she visited the museum
否定句：They haven't finished their work. 一般疑问句：Have they finished their work
否定句：I haven't been to Shanghai. 一般疑问句：Have you been to Shanghai
否定句：He hasn't bought a new car. 一般疑问句：Has he bought a new car
维度 2（三）since/for 填空
1.since 2. for 3. since 4. for 5. since 6. since 7. for 8. since
二阶
维度 3（一）语境填空
(1) haven't seen (2) have; been (3) have been (4) stayed (5) Has; changed (6) have taken place (7) have appeared (8) have become (9) has built (10) have; been (11) have wanted (12) should (13) will (14) Have; seen (15) met (16) told (17) has got
维度 3（二）选词
1.already 2. yet 3. never 4. ever 5. yet 6. just 7. ever 8. since
维度 3（三）时间状语选择
1.for 2. since 3. already 4. yet 5. never 6. just
维度 4（一）正误判断
1.T 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.F 7.T
维度 4（二）阅读简答
1.Now many people have moved into modern apartments.
2.High-speed trains have connected most cities. Many families have bought cars. The number of airports has increased.
3.People can enjoy food from all over the world.
4.Computers and the Internet have been introduced into classrooms.
5.Air pollution has become more serious in some cities.
6.Yes, the government has taken action to solve these problems.
维度 4（三）语句排序
正确顺序：2 → 1 → 3 → 4 → 6 → 5
三阶
维度 5（一）短文改错
(1) went → gone (2) ate → eaten (3) yet → already / 删去 yet (4) have → has (5) for → since (6) went → been /gone (7) buy → bought (8) since → for /since five years ago
维度 5（二）语法填空
(1) have been (2) have seen (3) have; visited (4) haven't been (5) plan / am planning (6) has changed (7) came (8) have appeared (9) has become (10) have taken (11) will show / can show (12) get (13) miss (14) Have; received
维度 5（三）完成对话
1.How have you been recently / How are you doing these days
2.I have finished all my homework.
3.Have you ever been to the new science museum
4.I haven't been there yet.
5.I have been there twice.
6.I have heard a lot about robots.
7.Would you like to go with me
8.When shall we meet
9.I'll wait for you at the school gate.
10.Don't forget to bring your camera!
维度 6 参考范文
（一）写给笔友的信
Dear Tom,
How is everything going I'm writing to tell you about the great changes in my city.
In the past, my city was very small. There were only a few old buildings and narrow streets. Most people lived in small houses. Now, great changes have taken place. Many tall buildings have appeared. The government has built new roads and bridges. The streets have become much wider and cleaner. Transportation has also changed a lot. We have built a new subway system. Many families have bought cars. Traveling has become much easier than before. The environment has improved, too. The government has planted more trees and flowers. The air has become fresher. I have taken many photos of the new city.
Have you ever been to my city You should come and visit! I'm sure you will love it. Please write back and tell me about the changes in your city.
Yours,
Li Ming
（二）变化中的世界
The world around us has changed a lot. In my life, I have noticed many changes.
First, my school has changed greatly. Our school has built a new library. We have got new computers in our classroom. The playground has become larger and more beautiful. I have studied here for three years, and I have seen these changes happen.
Second, my neighborhood has changed. Many new shops have opened recently. A big supermarket has appeared near my home. We can buy almost everything there. I have already visited it several times. Third, technology has changed our lives. Smartphones have become very common. I have used a phone since I was ten. Now I can chat with my friends anytime, anywhere. The Internet has made our world smaller.
I think these changes have made our lives more convenient. However, we should also pay attention to the problems that have appeared. What changes have you experienced in your life
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