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三阶递进 六维覆盖单元语法大练兵
人教社九年级上册素养提升 Unit 5 Power of Ideas
三阶递进：基础巩固 → 能力提升 → 综合运用
六维覆盖：形式识别、规则应用、语境辨析、逻辑分析、语篇整合、创意表达
语法核心知识点：被动语态 + 动词不定式 (to do)
1. 被动语态（be + 过去分词）
主语是动作承受者
一般现在时：am/is/are + done
一般过去时：was/were + done
一般将来时：will be + done
现在完成时：have/has been + done
情态动词：情态动词 + be + done 主动变被动三步：宾语变主语 → 谓语改为 be+done → 原主语放 by 后。
2. 动词不定式 to do
可充当主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语；常表目的 “为了” 形式主语结构：It is + adj. + to do
一阶：基础巩固
维度 1：形式识别
(一) 判断主动 (A)/ 被动 (B)
The book is read by many students. ( )
We clean the classroom every day. ( )
The bridge was built in 2000. ( )
She writes letters to her friends. ( )
The homework has been finished. ( )
They will build a new school. ( )
The window was broken by Tom. ( )
I eat an apple every day. ( )
(二) 写出过去分词
clean → __________ build → __________ write → __________ read → __________ break → __________ finish → __________ make → __________ give → __________ take → __________ speak → __________ tell → __________ send → __________ find → __________ show → __________ invent → __________ create → __________
(三) 时态被动结构 (动词 clean)
一般现在时：________________ 一般过去时：________________ 一般将来时：________________ 现在完成时：________________ 情态动词 (can)：________________
(四) 判断不定式成分 A 主语 / B 宾语 / C 定语 / D 状语 / E 表语
To learn English is important. ( )
I want to go home. ( )
She went to the library to read books. ( )
I have a lot of homework to do. ( )
My dream is to become a teacher. ( )
It is important to study hard. ( )
He came to help us. ( )
I need to buy some food. ( )
维度 2：规则应用
(一) 主动变被动
The room __________ every day.
This bridge __________ in 2000.
A letter __________ to her friend.
The work __________ tomorrow.
This book __________ by me.
English __________ in many countries.
The environment __________.
Many trees __________ by the students.
(二) 被动变主动
Many students __________ the book.
The workers __________ the bridge.
She __________ the homework.
My mother __________ the room.
Tom __________ the letter.
(三) 被动语态词形填空
The classroom __________ (clean) by the students every day.
The bridge __________ (build) in 1998.
The work __________ (finish) in two days.
The book __________ (write) by that famous writer.
The flowers __________ (water) by my mother yesterday.
The problem __________ (solve) soon.
Many new buildings __________ (build) in our city recently.
The window __________ (break) by the wind last night.
(四) 不定式填空
I want __________ (visit) the Great Wall.
She went to the library __________ (read) books.
It is important __________ (learn) English well.
I have a lot of homework __________ (do).
My dream is __________ (become) a doctor.
He needs __________ (buy) some food.
She decided __________ (go) to the park.
It is difficult __________ (understand) this question.
(五) 选择语态
The book __________ (reads / is read) by many students.
We __________ (clean / are cleaned) the classroom every day.
The bridge __________ (built / was built) in 2000.
She __________ (writes / is written) letters to her friends.
The homework __________ (finished / has been finished) already.
They __________ (will build / will be built) a new school.
The window __________ (broke / was broken) by Tom.
I __________ (eat / am eaten) an apple every day.
二阶：能力提升
维度 3：语境辨析
(一) 选词填空（主动 / 被动）
A The Invention of Paper
Paper is one of the most important inventions in human history. It __________ (invent) by Cai Lun in ancient China.
Before paper was invented, people __________ (write) on bamboo slips or silk. These materials __________ (be) heavy and expensive. Later, paper-making technology __________ (spread) to other parts of the world.
Now, paper __________ (use) everywhere in our daily lives. Millions of tons of paper __________ (produce) every year. However, we should remember that paper __________ (should / use) wisely to protect the environment.
B The Power of Ideas
Ideas have the power to change the world. Many great ideas __________ (develop) by people who never gave up. For example, the idea of the light bulb __________ (create) by Thomas Edison after many failures. The Internet __________ (invent) in the 1960s. Since then, it __________ (change) the way we live, work and communicate. Now, new ideas __________ (develop) every day. These ideas __________ (shape) our future.
(二) 单项选择
The book _____ by many students.
A. reads B. is read C. read D. reading
The bridge _____ in 2000.
A. built B. was built C. is built D. builds
The work _____ tomorrow.
A. will finish B. will be finished C. finishes D. is finishing
The window _____ by Tom yesterday.
broke B. was broken C. is broken D. breaks
I have a lot of homework _____.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. did
She went to the library _____ books.
A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads
It is important _____ English well.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned
My dream is _____ a teacher.
A. become B. becoming C. to become D. became
(三) 被动语态填空
This book __________ (write) by a famous author.
The room __________ (clean) every morning.
The letter __________ (send) last week.
The problem __________ (solve) by the students tomorrow.
Many trees __________ (plant) in our city recently.
The work __________ (must / finish) before Friday.
The movie __________ (show) on TV last night.
The classroom __________ (should / keep) clean.
(四) 不定式填空
She wants __________ (visit) the museum.
I went to the store __________ (buy) some milk.
It is difficult __________ (finish) the work in one day.
I have many things __________ (do) today.
His goal is __________ (become) a scientist.
They decided __________ (go) to the beach.
It is necessary __________ (practice) every day.
She needs __________ (find) a good job.
维度 4：逻辑分析
(一) 判断正误并改错
The book is read by many student. → ________________________
The bridge was built in 2000. → ________（正确 / 错误）
The work will finish tomorrow. → ________________________
She went to the library to reading books. → ________________________
The window was broken by Tom. → ________（正确 / 错误）
I have a lot of homework to doing. → ________________________
It is important to learn English well. → ________（正确 / 错误）
The letter has been sent by her. → ________（正确 / 错误）
(二) 主动改被动
The students clean the classroom every day.
The workers built the bridge in 2000.
She will finish the work tomorrow.
I have read this book.
We must protect the environment.
The teacher explained the lesson clearly.
They are watching the game now.
People speak English all over the world.
阅读判断 T/F
Tom：Do you know who invented the telephone
Mary：Yes, it was invented by Alexander Graham Bell.
Tom：That's right. The telephone was invented in 1876.
Mary：I also know that the light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison.
Tom：Yes, it was invented after many experiments. Edison said that genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.
Mary：What about the Internet When was it invented
Tom：The Internet was developed in the 1960s. It was first used by the US military.
Mary：Now, it is used by billions of people around the world.
Tom：It has changed the way we communicate. Information can be shared instantly.
Mary：I think the most important inventions are those that save lives.
Tom：Yes, like vaccines and medicines. They are developed by scientists.
The telephone was invented by Thomas Edison. ( )
The telephone was invented in 1876. ( )
The light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison. ( )
The Internet was developed in the 1960s. ( )
The Internet was first used by businesses. ( )
Vaccines and medicines are developed by scientists. ( )
Edison said genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration. ( )
(四) 句子排序
① The idea of the airplane was developed by the Wright brothers.
② The first airplane was flown in 1903.
③ The airplane was improved by many inventors.
④ Before airplanes, people could only travel by land or sea.
⑤ Today, airplanes are used by millions of people every day.
⑥ The invention of the airplane changed the way people travel.
正确顺序：____ → ____ → ____ → ____ → ____ → ___
三阶：综合运用
维度 5：语篇整合
(一) 短文改错
(1) The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell at 1876.
(2) The light bulb was invent by Thomas Edison.
(3) Paper is using everywhere in our daily lives.
(4) Many great ideas are developed by people who never gave up.
(5) She went to the library to reading books.
(6) It is important to learning English well.
(7) The work will finish tomorrow by the workers
. (8) I have a lot of homework to doing.
(1) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(2) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(3) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(4) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(5) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(6) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(7) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(8) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(二) 语法填空
The Power of Ideas
Do you know (1) _____ some of the greatest ideas in history were born Many great ideas (2) _____ (develop) by ordinary people who had extraordinary dreams.
The light bulb, for example, (3) _____ (invent) by Thomas Edison after thousands of experiments. The telephone (4) _____ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. These inventions (5) _____ (change) the world and they are still (6) _____ (use) today.
But great ideas are not only about technology. The idea of equality (7) _____ (spread) by many great leaders. The idea of peace (8) _____ (promote) by wise people around the world.
As students, we should try (9) _____ (think) of new ideas. It is important (10) _____ (not / be) afraid of failure. Many great ideas were born from failures. We need (11) _____ (keep) learning and exploring. The future (12) _____ (shape) by the ideas we have today.
(三) 补全对话
A：Hi, Li Ming! (1) ____________________（你知道电话是谁发明的吗）
B：Yes. The telephone (2) ____________________（由亚历山大 格雷厄姆 贝尔发明）.
A：When (3) ____________________（它是什么时候发明的）
B：It (4) ____________________（在 1876 年被发明）.
A：What about the light bulb (5) ____________________（你知道是谁发明了它吗）
B：The light bulb (6) ____________________（由托马斯 爱迪生发明）.
A：I think ideas (7) ____________________（有改变世界的力量）.
B：I agree. We should try (8) ____________________（提出新想法）.
A：But it is difficult (9) ____________________（想出好主意）.
B：Yes, but it is important (10) ____________________（永不放弃）.
维度 6：创意表达
(一) 仿写练习
例句：The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell.
仿写：_______________________________________________
例句：Paper is used everywhere in our daily lives.
仿写：_______________________________________________
例句：She went to the library to read books.
仿写：_______________________________________________
例句：I have a lot of homework to do.
仿写：_______________________________________________
例句：It is important to learn English well.
仿写：_______________________________________________
例句：My dream is to become a teacher. 仿写：_______________________________________________
(二) 微写作：An Important Invention
要求：介绍一项发明、发明者、发明时间；说明发明带来的改变；至少 4 处被动语态，3 处不定式，80 词以上。 参考开头：One of the most important inventions in human history is...
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(三) 写作任务：The Power of Ideas
要求：阐述思想的力量，举例；说明如何培养想法；至少 4 处被动语态，4 处不定式，90–110 词。 参考开头：Ideas have the power to change the world. Throughout history, many great ideas...
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(四) 思维拓展
任务一 完成句子
我想发明一种能 ____________________ 的东西.
这种产品将被 ____________________.
它将被用于 ____________________.
我的目标是 ____________________.
为了实现这个目标，我需要 ____________________.
任务二 短文写作（≥70 词，被动语态≥3，不定式≥3） 参考开头：In the future, I want to invent something that can help people...
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参考答案
一阶：基础巩固
维度 1
(一) 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.A
(二) cleaned; built; written; read; broken; finished; made; given; taken; spoken; told; sent; found; shown; invented; created
(三) am/is/are cleaned; was/were cleaned; will be cleaned; have/has been cleaned; can be cleaned
(四) 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.E 6.A 7.D 8.B
维度 2
(一) cleaned 2.was built 3.is written 4.will be finished 5.has been read 6.is spoken 7.must be protected 8.were planted
(二) 1.read 2.built 3.has finished 4.cleans 5.wrote
(三) cleaned 2.was built 3.will be finished 4.was written 5.were watered 6.will be solved 7.have been built 8.was broken
(四) 1.to visit 2.to read 3.to learn 4.to do 5.to become 6.to buy 7.to go 8.to understand
(五) read 2.clean 3.was built 4.writes 5.has been finished 6.will build 7.was broken 8.eat
二阶：能力提升
维度 3
(一) A 篇：was invented; wrote; were; was spread; is used; are produced; should be used B 篇：were developed; was created; was invented; has changed; are being developed; are shaping (二) 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.C (三) 1.was written 2.is cleaned 3.was sent 4.will be solved 5.have been planted 6.must be finished 7.was shown 8.should be kept (四) 1.to visit 2.to buy 3.to finish 4.to do 5.to become 6.to go 7.to practice 8.to find
维度 4
(一) 1.The book is read by many students. 2. 正确 3.The work will be finished tomorrow. 4.She went to the library to read books. 5. 正确 6.I have a lot of homework to do. 7. 正确 8. 正确
(二) 1.The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 2.The bridge was built by the workers in 2000. 3.The work will be finished by her tomorrow. 4.This book has been read by me. 5.The environment must be protected by us. 6.The lesson was explained clearly by the teacher. 7.The game is being watched by them now. 8.English is spoken all over the world.
(三) 1.F 2.T 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.T 7.T
(四) 4 → 1 → 2 → 3 → 6 → 5
三阶：综合运用
维度 5
(一) 1.at；in 2.invent；invented 3.using；used 4.are developed；were developed 5.reading；read 6.learning；learn 7.will finish；will be finished 8.doing；do
(二) 1.how 2.were developed 3.was invented 4.was invented 5.have changed 6.used 7.was spread 8.was promoted 9.to think 10.not to be 11.to keep 12.will be shaped
(三) 1.Do you know who invented the telephone 2.was invented by Alexander Graham Bell 3.was it invented 4.was invented in 1876 5.Do you know who invented it 6.was invented by Thomas Edison 7.have the power to change the world 8.to come up with new ideas 9.to come up with good ideas 10.never to give up
维度 6（范文参考）
(一) 仿写示例 1.The light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison. 2.Plastic is widely used in our daily life. 3.He goes to the park to take exercise. 4.I have lots of tasks to finish. 5.It is necessary to keep practicing. 6.My wish is to travel around the world.
(二) An Important Invention
One of the most important inventions in human history is the printing press. It was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. Before the printing press was invented, books were written by hand. They were expensive and hard to get. After the invention, books could be made quickly.
Knowledge was passed to more people. The printing press was used to print different kinds of books. It helped more people learn to read. It is important to realize how great this invention is. I hope more useful inventions will be created to help people.
(三) The Power of Ideas Ideas have the power to change the world. Throughout history, many great ideas were developed by creative people. Take the computer as an example. The first computer was built in the 1940s. It has been improved year by year. Now computers are used in almost every field. People’s ways of life have been greatly changed. Good ideas cannot be created easily. We need to keep learning to get new ideas. It is wise to listen to different opinions and not fear mistakes. Our future will be shaped by today’s ideas.
(四) 任务一示例 1.help people save energy 2.used in every family 3.protect our environment 4.to make our earth cleaner 5.to study science hard
任务二短文 In the future, I want to invent something that can help people save energy. I plan to make a smart energy machine. The machine will be used in homes. It can collect solar power. Waste energy will be reused by this machine. It is necessary to cut down energy waste. This invention can help people live a green life. To make it come true, I need to learn more science knowledge and keep trying. I believe my dream can be realized one day.
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