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八上 Unit 5 核心词汇变形专项练习
一、单元必背词形转换清单
1. 动词 名词互变（中考高频）
mix (v. 混合) → mixture (n. 混合物)
bake (v. 烘焙) → baker (n. 面包师) → bakery (n. 面包房)
boil (v. 煮沸) → boiling (adj. 沸腾的) → boiled (adj. 煮熟的)
heat (v. 加热) → heat (n. 热量) → heated (adj. 加热过的)
instruct (v. 指导) → instruction (n. 用法说明，常用复数)
dream (v. 做梦) → dreamer (n. 梦想家)
memorize (v. 记忆) → memory (n. 回忆；记忆)
see (v. 看见) → visible (adj. 看得见的)
sweet (adj. 甜的) → sweetness (n. 甜味；愉悦)
host (v. 主办) → hostess (n. 女主人)
separate (v. 分离) → separation (n. 分开)
bear (v. 生育) → born (adj. 天生的)
slice (v. 切片) → slice (n. 薄片)
mess (n. 凌乱) → messy (adj. 脏乱的)
2. 形容词、副词、反义词转换
simple (adj. 简单的) → simply (adv. 简单地)
pretty (adj. 漂亮的) → prettily (adv. 漂亮地)
least (最少，little 最高级) 原级 little；比较级 less
secret (adj. 隐秘的) → secretly (adv. 秘密地)
visible (adj. 可见的) invisible (adj. 看不见的，反义词)
3. 名词复数特殊变形
tablespoon → tablespoons
spoon → spoons/spoonfuls
ingredient → ingredients
instruction → instructions（说明书只用复数）
pancake → pancakes
pumpkin → pumpkins
pie → pies
item → items
slice → slices
couple → couples
island → islands
wife → wives（不规则）
pepper, bowl, pan, oven, college, university, recipe, crust 直接 + s
4. 拓展衍生 & 词性拓展
boil 衍生：boiled potatoes 煮土豆
mash (v. 捣烂) → mashed potatoes 土豆泥（固定搭配）
warm (adj. 温暖) → warm up 预热；热身
fill (v. 填满) → fill…with… 用…… 装满
cut 相关短语：cut up 切碎 /cut sth into 切成……
5. 单元核心固定短语
cut up 切碎
mix…with… 把…… 和…… 混合
pour sth into sth 将…… 倒入……
cut sth in/into 把…… 切成……
mashed potatoes 土豆泥
stir-fry 翻炒
do with 处理
put sth back 将…… 放回
warm up 预热；热身
fill… with… (使) 充满
at least 至少
according to 根据；依照
one by one 逐个地
go boating 去划船
along with 除… 以外；连同
二、Unit 5 词形变换专项检测卷（满分 60 分）
题型一：基础变形默写（每空 1 分，共 15 分）
mix (v.) → ________ (n. 混合物)
mess (n. 凌乱) → ________ (adj. 脏乱的)
simple (adj.) → ________ (adv. 简单地)
instruct (v.) → ________ (n. 操作指南，复数)
see (v.) → ________ (adj. 看得见的)
sweet (adj.) → ________ (n. 甜味)
host (n. 主人) → ________ (n. 女主人)
separate (v.) → ________ (n. 分离)
little (原级) → ________ (比较级) → ________ (最高级)
secret (adj.) → ________ (adv. 秘密地)
wife (复数) → ________
tablespoon (复数) → ________
slice (复数) → ________
memory (n. 回忆) → ________ (v. 记住)
boil (v.) → ________ (adj. 煮熟的)
题型二：用括号内单词正确形式填空（每空 2 分，共 16 分）
________ (simple) follow the ________ (instruction) to make the ________ (mix).
Don’t make a ________ (messy) kitchen when you ________ (heat) oil.
The ________ (host) and ________ (hostess) prepare pumpkin pies for Thanksgiving.
The ________ (sweet) of the pie makes the dream ________ (come true).
We can ________ (memory) happy ________ (memory) of boating on the island.
These ________ (slice) of cheese are ________ (visible) in the bowl.
________ (separate) the flour and oil is the first ________ (item).
At ________ (little), we need two ________ (tablespoon) of butter.
题型三：选词并用适当形式填空（词库有多余，每空 2 分，共 10 分）
词库：bake, boil, cream, cinnamon, pancake, university, couple, secret, spaghetti, recipe
This ________ tells us how to ________ delicious pumpkin pies.
Add some ________ and ________ to make sweet pancakes.
The young ________ study in the same ________.
We cook ________ and ________ potatoes for Thanksgiving dinner.
They keep this cooking way ________ from others.
题型四：短语 & 变形综合改错（每题 3 分，共 9 分）
Cut up the pepper and mix it with flour, then pour them into a pan simple. ________
According the recipe, fill the pie with pumpkin one by one slice. ________
At least two wife make messy mashed potato for Thanksgiving. ________
题型五：语篇短文词形填空（每空 1 分，共 10 分）
Thanksgiving is a great festival. We read the ________ (instruction) to cook food.
First, ________ (simple) cut up pumpkins into thin ________ (slice). Then mix them with ________ (cream) and cinnamon to make a ________ (mix).
The ________ (host) and hostess keep the cooking steps ________ (secret). We can see all ________ (item) clearly. At ________ (little), every ________ (couple) can enjoy the ________ (sweet) pies.
三、参考答案
题型一：基础变形默写
mixture
messy
simply
instructions
visible
sweetness
hostess
separation
less; least
secretly
wives
tablespoons
slices
memorize
boiled
题型二：词形填空
Simply; instructions; mixture
mess; heat
host; hostess
sweetness; come
memorize; memories
slices; visible
Separating; item
least; tablespoons
题型三：选词变形填空
recipe; bake
cream; cinnamon
couple; university
spaghetti; boiled
secret
题型四：改错
simple → simply
According → According to; slice → slices
wife → wives; potato → potatoes
题型五：语篇短文词形填空
instructions
Simply
slices
cream
mixture
host
secret
items
least
couples
sweetness
短文完整参考
Thanksgiving is a great festival. We read the instructions to cook food.
First, Simply cut up pumpkins into thin slices. Then mix them with cream and cinnamon to make a mixture.
The host and hostess keep the cooking steps secret. We can see all items clearly. At least, every couple can enjoy the sweet pies.

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