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八上 Unit 8 核心词汇变形及专项检测
一、单元必背词形转换清单
1. 动词 名词互变（中考高频）
communicate (v. 交流) → communication (n. 交流；表达)
sign (v. 签字) → sign (n. 手势；标志) → signature (n. 签名)
speak (v. 说话) → speaker (n. 发言者) → speech (n. 演说)
rehearse (v. 排练) → rehearsal (n. 排演)
argue (v. 争吵) → argument (n. 争论)
express (v. 表达) → expression (n. 表达方式)
train (v. 训练) → training (n. 培训)
listen (v. 听) → listener (n. 听者)
point (v. 指向) → point (n. 观点；要点)
continue (v. 持续) → continuation (n. 延续)
offer (v. 主动提供) → offer (n. 提议)
benefit (v. 获益) → benefit (n. 益处)
reply (v. 回复) → reply (n. 回答)
honour (v. 表彰) → honour (n. 荣幸) → honourable (adj. 光荣的)
misunderstand (v. 误解) → misunderstanding (n. 误会)
attend (v. 关注) → attention (n. 注意力)
2. 形容词、副词、反义词转换
local (adj. 当地的) → locally (adv. 在本地)
calm (adj. 镇静的) → calmly (adv. 冷静地)
serious (adj. 严肃的) → seriously (adv. 严肃地)
nervous (adj. 焦虑的) → nervously (adv. 紧张地)
care (v. 小心) → carefully (adv. 仔细地) → careless (adj. 粗心的，反义词)
polite (adj. 礼貌的) → impolite (adj. 粗鲁无礼，反义词)
person (n. 人) → personal (adj. 私人的)
sincere (adj. 真诚的) → sincerely (adv. 真诚地)
reason (n. 理由) → reasonable (adj. 合理公平的)
society (n. 社会) → social (adj. 社交的)
medium (adj. 媒介的) → media (复数，媒体)
3. 名词复数特殊变形
speaker → speakers
professor → professors
meeting → meetings
difficulty → difficulties
detail → details
tip → tips
line → lines
event → events
sentence → sentences
clause → clauses
medium → media（特殊复数）
opportunity → opportunities
stranger → strangers
4. 拓展衍生 & 词性拓展
prefer (v. 更喜欢) 无名词变形
trust (v./n. 信任) 同形
cost (v./n. 花费) 不规则过去式 cost
chance = opportunity 近义词（机会）
face (n. 脸) → face-to-face (adj. 面对面的)
5. 单元核心固定短语
face to face 面对面
text message 短信
show sb around 领某人参观
in person 亲自
argue with sb 和某人争吵
make up (with sb) 与某人和好
worry about 为…… 担心
drop sb a line 给某人写信
show interest in sth 对某事感兴趣
move on (to sth) 转换话题
find out 查明
pay attention (to...) 注意
be yourself 行为自然
keep (...) away from... 远离
take place 发生
benefit … from … 从…… 获益
二、Unit 8 词形变换专项检测卷（满分 60 分）
题型一：基础变形默写（每空 1 分，共 15 分）
communicate (v.) → ________ (n. 交流)
speak (v.) → ________ (n. 发言者) → ________ (n. 演说)
argue (v.) → ________ (n. 争论)
express (v.) → ________ (n. 表达方式)
train (v.) → ________ (n. 培训)
listen (v.) → ________ (n. 听者)
polite (adj.) → ________ (adj. 无礼的，反义词)
person (n.) → ________ (adj. 私人的)
sincere (adj.) → ________ (adv. 真诚地)
reason (n.) → ________ (adj. 合理的)
society (n.) → ________ (adj. 社交的)
medium (复数) → ________
difficulty (复数) → ________
opportunity (复数) → ________
misunderstand (v.) → ________ (n. 误会)
题型二：用括号内单词正确形式填空（每空 2 分，共 16 分）
Good ________ (communicate) helps every ________ (speak) give great ________ (speech).
Don’t have an ________ (argue); solve the ________ (misunderstand) calmly.
The ________ (train) helps nervous ________ (stranger) build social skills.
Listen ________ (careful) and pay ________ (attentive) to others’ ________ (express).
We talk face-to-face and act ________ (sincere) in all social ________ (event).
This ________ (person) problem is not a ________ (reason) reason to move on.
Lots of social ________ (media) bring many good ________ (opportunity).
We can ________ (benefit) much from the local ________ (meet).
题型三：选词并用适当形式填空（词库有多余，每空 2 分，共 10 分）
词库：professor, rehearsal, tip, detail, line, trust, cost, opening, closing, clause
The ________ watches our ________ before the speech competition.
Write every small ________ and draw clear ________ in your note.
The ________ of the talk is warm while the ________ part is short.
We fully ________ each other and never care about the ________ of the activity.
This long sentence has two different ________ inside it.
题型四：短语 & 变形综合改错（每题 3 分，共 9 分）
Don’t argue with your friend and make up with he after misunderstand. ________
Pay attention listen carefully and show sincere interest in other expression. ________
Many social media bring opportunity and benefit us from communicate. ________
题型五：语篇短文词形填空（每空 1 分，共 10 分）
Good ________ (communicate) is important. Every good ________ (speak) practices lots of ________ (rehearse).
We shouldn’t have ________ (argue) or ________ (misunderstand). Listen ________ (careful) and pay ________ (attentive) to others’ ________ (express).
We talk ________ (sincere) and get lots of good ________ (opportunity) in social life.
三、参考答案
题型一：基础变形默写
communication
speaker; speech
argument
expression
training
listener
impolite
personal
sincerely
reasonable
social
media
difficulties
opportunities
misunderstanding
题型二：词形填空
communication; speaker; speeches
argument; misunderstanding
training; strangers
carefully; attention; expressions
sincerely; events
personal; reasonable
media; opportunities
benefit; meeting
题型三：选词变形填空
professor; rehearsal
details; lines
opening; closing
trust; cost
clauses
题型四：改错
he → him; misunderstand → misunderstanding
attention 后加 to; sincere → sincere；expression → expressions
opportunity → opportunities; communicate → communication
题型五：语篇短文词形填空
communication
speaker
rehearsals
arguments
misunderstandings
carefully
attention
expressions
sincerely
opportunities
短文完整参考
Good communication is important. Every good speaker practices lots of rehearsals.
We shouldn’t have arguments or misunderstandings. Listen carefully and pay attention to others’ expressions.
We talk sincerely and get lots of good opportunities in social life.

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