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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
三阶递进 六维覆盖单元语法大练兵
人教社九年级上册 Unit 6 Beyond Earth
三阶递进：基础巩固 → 能力提升 → 综合运用
六维覆盖：形式识别、规则应用、语境辨析、逻辑分析、语篇整合、创意表达
语法核心精讲
1. 过去完成时（had + 过去分词）
含义：过去的过去，在过去某动作前已经完成。 肯定：主语 + had + done 否定：主语 + hadn’t + done 疑问：Had + 主语 + done… 常用标志：before, by the time, when, already, never
2. 过去将来时（would + 动词原形）
含义：站在过去视角，描述将来要发生的动作，多用于宾语从句。 肯定：主语 + would + 动词原形 否定：主语 + wouldn’t + 动词原形 疑问：Would + 主语 + 动词原形… 替换结构：was/were going to do；was/were about to do
时态速记
过去完成时：先发生（过去之前） 过去将来时：后发生（过去看未来）
简易时态对比
现在完成时：过去 → 现在 过去完成时：过去 → 更早过去 一般将来时：现在 → 将来 过去将来时：过去 → 将来
一阶：基础巩固 —— 扎牢根基
维度 1：形式识别 —— 火眼金睛
(一) 判断主动(A)/被动(B)
1.The spaceship is sent into space by scientists. ( )
2.We explore the universe every day. ( )
3.The space station was built in 2010. ( )
4.Astronauts collect samples on the moon. ( )
5.The satellite has been launched successfully. ( )
6.They will discover new planets in the future. ( )
7.The rocket was designed by a famous engineer. ( )
8.I read books about space every week. ( )
(二) 写出过去分词
send → ________ launch → ________ explore → ________ discover → ________
design → ________ collect → ________ build → ________ create → ________
invent → ________ develop → ________ show → ________ find → ________
write → ________ speak → ________ tell → ________ give → ________
(三) 时态被动结构（动词 send）
一般现在时：________________
一般过去时：________________
一般将来时：________________
现在完成时：________________
情态动词(can)：________________
(四) 判断不定式成分
A. 主语 B. 宾语 C. 定语 D. 状语 E. 表语
To travel to Mars is exciting. ( )
I want to become an astronaut. ( )
She went to the space museum to learn more. ( )
We have a lot of work to do. ( )
My dream is to fly to the moon. ( )
It is difficult to live in space. ( )
He came to watch the rocket launch. ( )
I need to buy a telescope. ( )
维度 2：规则应用 —— 小试牛刀
(一) 主动变被动（用所给动词的被动形式填空）
The rocket __________ (send) into space every year.
This spaceship __________ (design) in 2020.
A new planet __________ (discover) by scientists recently.
The space station __________ (build) next year.
This book __________ (write) by an astronaut.
English __________ (speak) by many scientists.
The space environment __________ (must / protect).
Many satellites __________ (launch) by the country since 2000.
(二) 被动变主动（填入主动语态谓语动词）
The rocket is sent by scientists. → Scientists _____ the rocket.
The spaceship was designed by engineers. → Engineers _____ the spaceship.
The samples were collected by astronauts. → Astronauts _____ the samples
The launch was watched by millions. → Millions _____ the launch.
The new star was discovered by the team. → The team _____ the new star
(三) 被动语态词形填空
The spaceship __________ (send) into space every year.
The space station __________ (build) in 2015.
The satellite __________ (launch) next month.
The book __________ (write) by a famous astronaut.
The samples __________ (collect) by the astronauts yesterday.
The problem __________ (solve) soon.
Many new stars __________ (discover) in recent years.
The rocket __________ (design) by a young engineer last year.
(四) 不定式填空
I want __________ (visit) the space museum.
She went to the observatory __________ (watch) the stars.
It is exciting __________ (travel) to space.
I have a lot of things __________ (do) today.
My goal is __________ (become) an astronaut.
He needs __________ (buy) a telescope.
They decided __________ (study) astronomy.
It is difficult __________ (understand) the universe.
(五) 选择语态（圈出正确答案）
The rocket __________ (sends / is sent) into space every year.
We __________ (explore / are explored) the universe.
The space station __________ (built / was built) in 2020.
Astronauts __________ (collect / are collected) samples on the moon.
The satellite __________ (has launched / has been launched) already.
They __________ (will discover / will be discovered) new planets.
The spaceship __________ (designed / was designed) by a famous engineer.
I __________ (study / am studied) space science every day.
二阶：能力提升 —— 融会贯通
维度 3：语境辨析 —— 灵活运用
(一) 选词填空（主动/被动，注意时态）
A. The Journey to Mars
Mars is one of the most explored planets in our solar system. It __________ (explore) by many space agencies. The first successful mission to Mars __________ (send) in 1964. Since then, many spacecraft __________ (launch) to study the red planet. Scientists __________ (collect) valuable data about Mars' surface. New technologies __________ (develop) to make future missions safer. However, sending humans to Mars __________ (consider) a great challenge. The journey __________ (must / plan) carefully.
B. Life in Space
Life in space __________ (change) greatly over the past decades. The first space station __________ (build) in 1971. Now, astronauts __________ (live) on the International Space Station for months. They __________ (conduct) many experiments. New findings __________ (report) every day. Space travel __________ (become) more common. More countries __________ (send) astronauts into space. In the future, space tourism __________ (offer) to ordinary people.
(二) 单项选择
（ ）1.The spaceship _____ into space every year.
A. sends B. is sent C. sent D. sending
（ ）2.The space station _____ in 2020.
A. built B. was built C. is built D. builds
（ ）3.The new satellite _____ next month.
A. will launch B. will be launched C. launches D. is launching
（ ）4.The samples _____ by the astronauts yesterday.
A. collected B. were collected C. are collected D. collect
（ ）5.I have a lot of work _____.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. did
（ ）6.She went to the observatory _____ the stars.
A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watches
（ ）7.It is exciting _____ in space.
A. travel B. traveling C. to travel D. traveled
（ ）8.My dream is _____ an astronaut.
A. become B. becoming C. to become D. became
(三) 被动语态填空
The rocket __________ (design) by a famous engineer.
The space station __________ (clean) every day.
The satellite __________ (send) last week.
The new planet __________ (discover) by scientists next year.
Many experiments __________ (conduct) in space recently.
The mission __________ (must / complete) before Friday.
The documentary __________ (show) on TV last night.
The equipment __________ (should / check) carefully.
(四) 不定式填空
She wants __________ (study) astronomy.
I went to the library __________ (read) about space.
It is dangerous __________ (travel) in space without protection.
I have many questions __________ (ask) about the universe.
His goal is __________ (become) a space scientist.
They decided __________ (launch) a new satellite.
It is necessary __________ (practice) space walking.
She needs __________ (find) a good telescope.
维度 4：逻辑分析 —— 深入思考
(一) 判断正误并改错
The spaceship is sent into space by scientist.
错误：________________ 改正：________________
The space station was built in 2020. ________（正确/错误）
The satellite will launch tomorrow.
错误：________________ 改正：________________
She went to the observatory to watching the stars.
错误：________________ 改正：________________
The rocket was designed by a young engineer. ________（正确/错误）
I have a lot of work to doing.
错误：________________ 改正：________________
It is important to explore space. ________（正确/错误）
The data has been collected by the astronauts. ________（正确/错误）
(二) 主动改被动（将下列句子改为被动语态）
Scientists send the rocket into space every year.
____________________________________________________
The engineers built the space station in 2020.
____________________________________________________
They will launch a new satellite next month.
____________________________________________________
Astronauts have collected many samples from the moon.
___________________________________________________
We must protect the space environment.
___________________________________________________
The scientists explained the theory clearly.
____________________________________________________
They are conducting experiments in space now.
____________________________________________________
People all over the world watch the rocket launch.
____________________________________________________
(三) 阅读判断 T/F
Tom: Do you know who first walked on the moon
Mary: Yes, it was Neil Armstrong. He walked on the moon in 1969.
Tom: That's right. The first moon landing was achieved by Apollo 11.
Mary: I also know that the first satellite was launched by the Soviet Union.
Tom: Yes, Sputnik 1 was launched in 1957. It was a great success.
Mary: What about the International Space Station When was it built
Tom: The ISS was built in 1998. It is used by astronauts from many countries.
Mary: Now, space technology is developed by many nations together.
Tom: It has changed the way we understand the universe.
Mary: I think space exploration will be continued in the future.
Tom: Yes, new discoveries are made every year.
Neil Armstrong walked on the moon in 1969. ( )
Apollo 11 achieved the first moon landing. ( )
Sputnik 1 was launched by the United States. ( )
The ISS was built in 1998. ( )
The ISS is used only by American astronauts. ( )
Space technology is developed by many nations. ( )
New discoveries are made every year. ( )
(四) 句子排序
① The first satellite was launched by the Soviet Union.
② Sputnik 1 was sent into space in 1957.
③ Many more satellites have been launched since then.
④ Before satellites, people could only observe stars from Earth.
⑤ Today, satellites are used for communication, weather and navigation.
⑥ The invention of satellites changed the way we live.
正确顺序：____ → ____ → ____ → ____ → ____ → ____
三阶：综合运用 —— 实战演练
维度 5：语篇整合 —— 整体把握
(一) 短文改错（每句一处错误）
(1) The first moon landing was achieved by Neil Armstrong at 1969.
(2) The satellite was launch by the Soviet Union.
(3) Space technology is using everywhere in our daily lives.
(4) Many great discoveries are made by scientists who never gave up.
(5) She went to the space center to watching the rocket launch.
(6) It is exciting to exploring the universe.
(7) The mission will complete tomorrow by the astronauts.
(8) I have a lot of experiments to doing.
错误与改正：
(1) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(2) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(3) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(4) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(5) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(6) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(7) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(8) 错误：__________ 改正：__________
(二) 语法填空
Beyond Earth
Do you know (1) _____ many great space achievements were made The first satellite (2) _____ (launch) by the Soviet Union in 1957. Since then, space exploration (3) _____ (develop) rapidly.
The first moon landing, for example, (4) _____ (achieve) by Apollo 11 in 1969. Neil Armstrong (5) _____ (become) the first person to walk on the moon. These achievements (6) _____ (inspire) millions of people around the world.
The International Space Station (7) _____ (build) in 1998. It (8) _____ (use) by astronauts from many countries. Many experiments (9) _____ (conduct) in space every year.
As students, we should try (10) _____ (learn) more about space. It is important (11) _____ (not / give) up our dreams. Many great discoveries (12) _____ (make) by those who never stopped exploring. The future of space travel (13) _____ (shape) by the young scientists of today.
(三) 补全对话（根据中文提示完成对话）
A: Hi, Zhang Wei! (1) ____________________（你知道谁第一个登上月球吗）
B: Yes. The first person (2) ____________________（是尼尔·阿姆斯特朗）.
A: When (3) ____________________（他是什么时候登上月球的）
B: He (4) ____________________（在1969年登上月球）.
A: What about the first satellite (5) ____________________（你知道它是被哪个国家发射的吗）
B: The first satellite (6) ____________________（由苏联发射）.
A: I think space exploration (7) ____________________（有改变世界的潜力）.
B: I agree. We should try (8) ____________________（探索未知的宇宙）.
A: But it is difficult (9) ____________________（成为一名宇航员）.
B: Yes, but it is important (10) ____________________（永远不放弃梦想）.
维度 6：创意表达 —— 输出运用
(一) 仿写练习（模仿例句造句）
例句①：The first satellite was launched by the Soviet Union.
仿写：_______________________________________________
例句②：Space technology is used everywhere in our daily lives.
仿写：_______________________________________________
例句③：She went to the space center to watch the launch.
仿写：_______________________________________________
例句④：I have a lot of experiments to do.
仿写：_______________________________________________
例句⑤：It is exciting to explore the universe.
仿写：_______________________________________________
例句⑥：My dream is to become an astronaut.
仿写：_______________________________________________
(二) 微写作：An Important Space Achievement
要求：
介绍一项太空成就（事件、时间、相关国家/人物）
说明该成就带来的影响
至少 4处被动语态，3处不定式
词数：80词以上
参考开头： One of the most important achievements in space exploration is...
写作区：
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(三) 写作任务：The Future of Space Exploration
要求：
阐述太空探索的未来前景及可能的发展方向
结合具体例子说明
至少 4处被动语态，4处不定式
词数：90–110词
参考开头： Space exploration has a bright future. In the coming years, many new discoveries will be made...
写作区：
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(四) 思维拓展
任务一 完成句子
我想发明一种能 ____________________ 的航天器。
这种新技术将被 ____________________。
它将被用于 ____________________。
我的目标是 ____________________。
为了实现这个目标，我需要 ____________________。
任务二 短文写作
要求：
词数：70词以上
被动语态：至少3处
动词不定式：至少3处
参考开头： In the future, I want to invent something that can help people explore space...
写作区：
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一阶：基础巩固
维度 1
(一) 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.A
(二) sent; launched; explored; discovered; designed; collected; built; created; invented; developed; shown; found; written; spoken; told; given
(三) 一般现在时：am/is/are sent；一般过去时：was/were sent；一般将来时：will be sent；现在完成时：have/has been sent；情态动词(can)：can be sent
(四) 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.E 6.A 7.D 8.B
维度 2
(一) 1.is ( https: / / 1.is / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) sent 2.was designed 3.has been discovered 4.will be built 5.was written 6.is ( https: / / 6.is / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) spoken 7.must be protected 8.have been launched
(二) 1.send 2.designed 3.collected 4.watch ( https: / / 4.watch / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) 5.discovered
(三) 1.is ( https: / / 1.is / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) sent 2.was built 3.will be launched 4.was written 5.were collected 6.will be solved 7.have been discovered 8.was designed
(四) 1.to ( https: / / 1.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) visit 2.to ( https: / / 2.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) watch 3.to ( https: / / 3.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) travel 4.to ( https: / / 4.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) do 5.to ( https: / / 5.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) become 6.to ( https: / / 6.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) buy 7.to ( https: / / 7.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) study 8.to ( https: / / 8.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) understand
(五) 1.is ( https: / / 1.is / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) sent 2.explore 3.was built 4.collect 5.has been launched 6.will discover 7.was designed 8.study
二阶：能力提升
维度 3
(一) A篇：is explored; was sent; have been launched; have collected; are being developed; is considered; must be planned
B篇：has changed; was built; live; conduct; are reported; has become; send; will be offered
(二) 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.C
(三) 1.was designed 2.is ( https: / / 2.is / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) cleaned 3.was sent 4.will be discovered 5.have been conducted 6.must be completed 7.was shown 8.should be checked
(四) 1.to ( https: / / 1.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) study 2.to ( https: / / 2.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) read 3.to ( https: / / 3.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) travel 4.to ( https: / / 4.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) ask 5.to ( https: / / 5.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) become 6.to ( https: / / 6.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) launch 7.to ( https: / / 7.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) practice 8.to ( https: / / 8.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) find
维度 4
(一) 1.错误：scientist → 改正：scientists 2.正确 3.错误：will launch → 改正：will be launched 4.错误：to watching → 改正：to watch 5.正确 6.错误：to doing → 改正：to do 7.正确 8.正确
(二) 1.The rocket is sent into space by scientists every year.
2.The space station was built by the engineers in 2020.
3.A new satellite will be launched by them next month.
4.Many samples have been collected by astronauts from the moon.
5.The space environment must be protected by us.
6.The theory was explained clearly by the scientists.
7.Experiments are being conducted by them in space now.
8.The rocket launch is watched by people all over the world.
(三) 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.F 6.T 7.T
(四) ④ → ① → ② → ③ → ⑥ → ⑤
三阶：综合运用
维度 5
(一) (1) at → in (2) launch → launched (3) using → used (4) are → were（也可保留，根据语境） (5) watching → watch (6) exploring → explore (7) complete → be completed (8) doing → do
(二) 1.how ( https: / / 1.how / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) 2.was launched 3.has developed 4.was achieved 5.became 6.have inspired 7.was built 8.is ( https: / / 8.is / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) used 9.are conducted 10.to ( https: / / 10.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) learn 11.not to give 12.were made 13.will be shaped
(三) 1.Do ( https: / / 1.do / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) you know who first walked on the moon
2.was Neil Armstrong
3.did he walk on the moon
4.walked on the moon in 1969
5.Do ( https: / / 5.do / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) you know which country launched it
6.was launched by the Soviet Union
7.has the potential to change the world
8.to ( https: / / 8.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) explore the unknown universe
9.to ( https: / / 9.to / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) become an astronaut
10.never to give up dreams
维度 6（范文参考）
(一) 仿写示例
The first moon landing was achieved by Apollo 11.
GPS technology is widely used in our daily life.
He goes to the observatory to observe the stars.
I have many books to read about astronomy.
It is amazing to see the Milky Way with a telescope.
My wish is to travel to Mars one day.
(二) An Important Space Achievement
One of the most important achievements in space exploration is the first moon landing. It was achieved by Apollo 11 in 1969. Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the moon. Before this mission, the moon had only been observed from Earth. After the landing, many new technologies were developed. More space missions were sent to explore the moon. The samples collected from the moon are still being studied by scientists today. It is important to remember this great achievement. I hope more discoveries will be made in the future to help us understand the universe better.
(三) The Future of Space Exploration
Space exploration has a bright future. In the coming years, many new discoveries will be made. Mars will be explored by more spacecraft. A human mission to Mars may be sent by 2040. New technologies are being developed to make space travel safer. The space environment must be protected by all nations. To achieve these goals, more international cooperation is needed. It is necessary to train more astronauts. It is exciting to think about the possibilities. More resources will be invested in space research. The future of humanity will be shaped by our efforts to explore beyond Earth.
(四) 任务一示例
帮助人类轻松探索火星
被全世界的宇航员使用
探索未知的星球
在太空中发现新的生命形式
努力学习科学和工程知识
任务二短文
In the future, I want to invent something that can help people explore deep space. My invention will be a new type of spacecraft. It will be powered by solar energy. The spacecraft will be designed to travel long distances. It can be used to explore distant planets. Many new discoveries will be made by this spacecraft. To make my dream come true, I need to study hard and never give up. It is important to keep learning new things. I believe my invention will be created one day.
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