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Unit 6 Beyond Earth
Section A Why do we explore space 分层练习
一、A层·基础夯实
1. [单词拼写]（词汇：天文观测）On the earth, we can look at the stars and planets through t_______ (望远镜).
2. [单词拼写]（词汇：出版）Lily is a web fiction writer and she p_______ (出版) her tenth book in her thirties.
3. [单词拼写]（词汇：新能源）Hefei is developing wind and s_______ (太阳能的) power to change itself into a greener city.
4. [单词拼写]（词汇：航天）R_______ (火箭) seemed impossible 100 years ago, but now they are quite common in space.
5. [单词拼写]（词汇：健康）Regular exercise is important for m_______ (保持) good health and preventing obesity.
6. [词形填空]（构词：man→manned）China has made remarkable achievements in ________ (man) spaceflight.
7. [词形填空]（构词：move→movement）As the saying goes, life lies in _________ (move), so he goes jogging every morning to keep fit.
8. [词形填空]（非谓语：decide to do）The school decided _________ (launch) a reading club to encourage students to love books.
9. [词形填空]（构词：weigh→weightless）Astronauts live in a __________ (weigh) environment, so they can't take showers like we do on the earth.
10. [词形填空]（非谓语：动名词+名词）The boy rushed to school after ________ the blue _____ his mother bought yesterday. (tie)
11. [选词填空]（词汇：human beings）从方框中选择适当的词汇并用其正确形式填空。
方框：human beings, to keep, mission, exoplanet, satellites
Neither _____________ nor animals on the earth can live without air.
12. [选词填空]（词汇：to keep）More communities require dog owners ________ their dogs tied while they are walking.
13. [选词填空]（词汇：mission）China's Chang'e-6 ___________ has totally changed our understanding of the moon.
14. [选词填空]（词汇：exoplanet）Our science teacher told us that a(n) __________ is a planet outside our solar system.
15. [选词填空]（词汇：satellites）China has made great progress in sending man-made ______ into space.
16. [单项填空]（介词辨析：beyond）We had better share our daily life on WeChat wisely. Cyberspace (网络空间) is not ________ laws.
A. against B. above C. beyond D. past
17. [单项填空]（时态语态：主将从现+被动）[六安期末] It's said that the music festival ________ if the heavy rain doesn't stop.
A. will be cancelled B. will cancel C. was cancelled D. is cancelling
18. [单项填空]（非谓语：require doing / have sb. do）[江苏无锡期末] —My computer has gone wrong. It requires ________ soon. —Why not have David ________ it Nobody can if he can't.
A. to fix; fix B. to fixed; fixing C. fixing; fix D. fixing; fixed
19. [单项填空]（形容词辨析：asleep/sleepy）He can't fall ________, but his wife is so ________ that she is fast asleep.
A. sleep; asleep B. sleepy; asleep C. asleep; sleepy D. sleeping; sleepy
20. [单项填空]（短语辨析：be crazy about）Jenny is a super fan of Li Bai and she ________ reading all his poems.
A. is surprised at B. is crazy about C. is friendly to D. is satisfied with
二、B层·理解运用
21. [补全对话]（情景交际：太空科学家访谈）阅读下面对话，从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话（其中有两项多余）。
选项：
A. Who's your science hero
B. Which colour do you prefer and why
C. I've always dreamed of seeing Saturn's rings up close.
D. Can you describe yourself in three words
E. What inspired you to study physics
F. Why did you want to be an astronomer
G. Always fight on and your hard work will pay off.
Reporter: Hello, Sheila. May I ask you some questions
Dr Sheila Kanani: Sure!
Reporter: (1)_____
Dr Sheila Kanani: Let me think. Kind, outgoing and hard-working.
Reporter: (2)_____
Dr Sheila Kanani: I like purple best. Purple can make me feel calm and relaxed.
Reporter: Where would you most like to go in space
Dr Sheila Kanani: Saturn (土星). (3)_____
Reporter: (4)_____
Dr Sheila Kanani: I wanted to be an astronomer because I became interested in space. It is always my dream to go into space, and this interest led me to study astronomy (天文学).
Reporter: What advice would you give if a kid wants to be an astronomer
Dr Sheila Kanani: Never let anyone tell you that you can't do something. (5)_____
22. [完形填空]（综合：火星科普）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet of the solar system. It is (1)____ than the Earth with a diameter (直径) of 6,792 kilometres. If you stand on Mars and (2)____ the Sun, it will appear about half the size as we see it on the Earth. Mars is widely known as the (3)____ planet. Its red appearance is caused by the iron oxide (氧化铁) in the ground.
In many ways, Mars can be considered as the Earth's brother. On Mars' surface, we have discovered the (4)____ mountain in the solar system. It is named Olympus Mons, and it is more than twice as high as the highest mountain on the Earth. A (5)____ on Mars is also a little longer than a day on the Earth. It lasts about 24.6 hours. A year on Mars, however, or the time that takes for the red planet to (6)____ the Sun, lasts about 687 Earth days. That is almost (7)____ as long as a year on the Earth!
In the 19th century, it was believed that (8)____ existed on Mars. An astronomer said that he "found" straight lines on Mars's surface. Many people believed that (9)____ were the work of smart life as the straight lines were most likely to be canals for irrigation (灌溉渠). However, as more advanced telescopes were (10)____, it was found that the straight lines were an optical illusion (视觉假象).
To this day, humans are still trying to find out whether life exists on Mars.
(1) A. brighter B. better C. smaller D. bigger
(2) A. look at B. look for C. look up D. look after
(3) A. blue B. red C. green D. white
(4) A. highest B. thinnest C. longest D. shortest
(5) A. year B. month C. week D. day
(6) A. circle B. leave C. arrive D. come
(7) A. once B. twice C. first D. second
(8) A. life B. people C. animals D. plants
(9) A. this B. that C. these D. those
(10) A. found B. made C. fallen D. seen
三、C层·拓展挑战
23. [阅读理解]（综合：月球产水新发现）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
Recently, a great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the Moon, which could change how we think about living on the Moon in the future. They wrote about their discovery in a science magazine called The Innovation. Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil (月壤), scientists can create a lot of water on the Moon.
In the past, missions to the Moon showed that there might be ice at the Moon's north and south poles (极). However, there isn't much water in lunar soil—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. So it's difficult for people to expect to live on the Moon.
The researchers, however, found something exciting after studying the rocks and soil from the Moon brought back by the Chang'e-5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (融化) when it reaches over 1,000℃. When it begins to melt, it produces water vapour (蒸气). They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can give us 5.1g to 7.6g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51kg and 76kg of water. That's enough to give drinking water to 50 people for one day!
All in all, the research opens up new possibilities for finding water on the Moon. It's important for future trips to the Moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to make water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the Moon. This discovery could help make that dream come true!
(1) Why does the writer mention the earlier research in Paragraph 2
A. To show that it was totally wrong.
B. To compare it with the new discovery.
C. To prove that there is no running water on the Moon.
D. To explain why people wanted to live on the Moon before.
(2) What condition is needed for lunar soil to produce water vapor according to the passage
A. It needs to be mixed with ice from the Moon's poles.
B. It needs to be brought back to Earth by a spacecraft.
C. It needs to reach a temperature over 1,000℃ and melt.
D. It needs to be stored in a special box for a few days.
(3) How much water may scientists get if they have 1,000g of lunar soil
A. 5.1g to 7.6g. B. 51g to 76g. C. 510g to 760g. D. 5.1kg to 7.6kg.
(4) What's the writer's attitude (态度) towards the dream of humans living on the Moon
A. Hopeful. B. Worried. C. Surprised. D. Doubtful.
参考答案与解析
A层·基础夯实
1. telescopes
解析：根据中文提示"望远镜"及首字母t，可知填telescopes。
2. published
解析：根据中文提示"出版"及首字母p，且主语she为第三人称单数、时态为过去式，可知填published。
3. solar
解析：根据中文提示"太阳能的"及首字母s，可知填solar（solar power 太阳能）。
4. Rockets
解析：根据中文提示"火箭"及首字母R，且谓语动词seemed为复数，可知填Rockets。
5. maintaining
解析：根据中文提示"保持"及首字母m，介词for后接动名词，可知填maintaining。
6. manned
解析：空格修饰名词spaceflight，需用形容词；man的形容词形式为manned，意为"载人的"。
7. movement
解析：动词lie in后接名词作宾语；move的名词形式为movement，意为"运动"。
8. to launch
解析：decide to do sth. 决定做某事，为固定搭配，故用to launch。
9. weightless
解析：空格修饰名词environment，需用形容词；根据"they can't take showers"可知此处表示"失重的"，weigh的形容词为weightless。
10. tying; tie
解析：after为介词，后接动名词，第一空填tying；根据"the blue"可知第二空应填名词tie（领带）。
11. human beings
解析：neither...nor... 连接两个并列主语，与animals并列，且谓语为can live，主语用human beings（人类）。
12. to keep
解析：require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事，为固定搭配，故填to keep。
13. mission
解析：句意：嫦娥六号的"任务"彻底改变了我们对月球的认识，故填mission。
14. exoplanet
解析：根据定语从句"a planet outside our solar system"可知，此处指"系外行星"，填exoplanet。
15. satellites
解析：man-made satellites 人造卫星；谓语have made为复数，主语用satellites。
16. C
解析：beyond laws 意为"凌驾于法律之上"，句意：网络空间不是法外之地。故选C。
17. A
解析：if引导的条件状语从句遵循"主将从现"；音乐节应是"被取消"，用一般将来时的被动语态will be cancelled。故选A。
18. C
解析：require doing sth. 主动表被动（需要做）；have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。故选C。
19. C
解析：fall asleep 睡着（固定搭配）；根据"so...that she is fast asleep"可知他妻子太困了，用形容词sleepy。故选C。
20. B
解析：根据"Jenny is a super fan of Li Bai"可知她对李白的诗很痴迷，be crazy about 痴迷于。故选B。
B层·理解运用
21. 补全对话
(1) D
解析：根据回答"Kind, outgoing and hard-working"可知，此处是请对方用三个词描述自己，故选D。
(2) B
解析：根据回答"I like purple best"可知，此处询问喜欢的颜色及原因，故选B。
(3) C
解析：上文问最想去太空何处，Dr Sheila回答土星，并补充说自己一直梦想近距离看土星环，故选C。
(4) F
解析：根据回答"Because I became interested in space"可知，此处询问想当天文学家的原因，故选F。
(5) G
解析：上文问给想当天文学家的孩子的建议，G项"坚持奋斗，努力终有回报"符合语境，故选G。
22. 完形填空
(1) C
解析：根据"the second-smallest planet"及常识可知，火星直径比地球小，故选C。
(2) A
解析：根据"it will appear about half the size"可知，此处表示"看太阳"，故选A。
(3) B
解析：根据"Its red appearance"可知火星呈红色，故选B。
(4) A
解析：根据"more than twice as high as the highest mountain on the Earth"可知指"最高的山"，故选A。
(5) D
解析：根据"than a day"可知此处对比"一天"的时长，故选D。
(6) A
解析：句意：火星绕太阳公转一圈的时间，circle 环绕，故选A。
(7) B
解析：根据"687 Earth days"可知几乎是地球一年的两倍，twice as long as 两倍长，故选B。
(8) A
解析：根据"the work of smart life... canals for irrigation"可知人们认为火星上存在"生命"，故选A。
(9) D
解析：指代前文复数名词straight lines，且表示远指，用those，故选D。
(10) B
解析：句意：随着更先进的望远镜被"制造"出来，made 制造，故选B。
C层·拓展挑战
23. 阅读理解
(1) B
解析：推理判断题。作者在第2段提到早期研究（月球水极少），与第3段的新发现形成对比，故选B。
(2) C
解析：细节理解题。根据"lunar soil melts when it reaches over 1,000℃... produces water vapour"可知，月壤需达到超过1000℃并融化才能产生水蒸气，故选C。
(3) B
解析：推理判断题。根据"100g of lunar soil can give us 5.1g to 7.6g of water"推算，1000g月壤可产生51g到76g的水，故选B。
(4) A
解析：观点态度题。根据"This discovery could help make that dream come true"可知，作者对人类在月球生活的梦想持乐观、充满希望的态度，故选A。

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