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(共28张PPT)
Unit 1 Know yourself
九年级
译林版2026
上
语法+写作解析
一、语法解析
连词
(一)定义:
连词是用来连接单词、短语、从句或句子的词。连词是一种虚词，不能独立担任句子成分，在句子和句子的各种成分中起连接作用。
Eg: Lily likes English but she can't speak well.
丽丽喜欢英语但是她说得不好。
My father was reading a book when my mum was cooking.
我妈妈在做饭时爸爸在读书。
(二)分类:
1.并列连词:连接同等成分的词叫并列连词。
同等成分可以是单词、短语、分句或句子。连接两个句子时，构成并列句。
Eg: They like apples and bananas.
他们喜欢苹果和香蕉。
He is Chinese and he is in Class One.
他是中国人他在一班。
2.从属连词:把从句和主句连接起来的词叫从属连词。
从属连词分为引导名词性从句和副词性从句的连词。
Eg: I think that he is from England.(引导名词性从句)
我觉得他来自英国。
I was late because it rained heavily.(引导副词性从句)
我迟到了因为雨下得很大。
(三)功能
连词的功能就是在句子中起连接作用。它们所连接的成分、成分的数量以及它们在连接成分中的
位置方面并不完全相同。
*连词在连接两个分句时总是置于其中一个分句之首。
Eg: We will go to the park if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
如果明天不下雨我们将去公园。
*并列连词and,or和but所连接的分句与前面的分句位置固定，不能调换。
Eg: The factory was opened two years ago and it closed down yesterday.
这个工厂两年前开业昨天倒闭了。
*使用并列连词and,or和but就不能用其他连词，而从属连词则可以使用。
Eg: She is the woman that I met yesterday and that is from America.(从属连词that前有并列连词and)
她是我昨天见到的女士她来自美国。
(四)并列连词
1.表示平行关系的连词及短语
平行关系的并列连词使用中要注意连词前后的成分一般是对等的。
Eg: One learns a language by making mistakes and correcting them.
一个人可以通过犯错误和改正错误来学习一门语言。
* and"和",表并列或顺承关系。
Eg: I am doing homework and he is doing homework, too.
我正在做作业并且他也正在做作业。
*both...and..."两者都...",连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Eg: Both Lily and Lucy are from America.
丽丽和露西都来自美国。
*not only...but also...“不但...而且...”,连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循临近原则。
Eg: Not only you but also he wants to buy this book.
不仅你而且他也想买这本书。
*neither...nor..."两者都不...",连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循临近原则。
Eg: Neither you nor he likes apples.
你和他都不喜欢苹果。
2.表转折关系的连词及短语
表转折关系的并列连词在使用中要注意连词前后的成分是对等的，但意义是相反的。
Eg: I don't have a soccer ball, but my brother does.
我没有足球但是我哥哥有。
*but“但是”，表转折关系
Eg: My father is watching TV but my mother is cooking.
我的爸爸在看电视但我的妈妈在做饭。
however"然而",表转折关系
Eg: He was feeling bad. He went to work, however, and tried to concentrate.
他感觉不舒服。但他仍然去上班，并且努力集中精神工作。
3.表选择关系的连词及短语
表示选择关系的并列连词在使用中要注意连词前后的成分是对等的，但是意思是有所取舍的。
Eg: You may either stay here or go with me.
你可以呆在这儿，也可以跟我去。
*or“或者”，表选择关系
Eg: Do you like apples or pears
你喜欢苹果还是梨
*either...or..."或者...或者...",连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循临近原则
Eg: Either you or he is right.
不是你对了就是他对了。
4.表因果关系的连词及短语
表示因果关系的并列连词在使用中要注意连词前后的成分是对等的，但前后两分句一个表示原因，一个表示结果。
Eg: It must be morning now, for birds are singing.
现在一定是早上，因为鸟儿正在唱歌。
*for“因为”，表原因关系
Eg: Mike must be at home, for the light in his room is on.
迈克肯定在家,因为他房间里面的等亮着。
*so"所以”，表因果关系
Eg: There is so much haze around us, so we should do something to protect the environment.
我们身边有这么多的雾霾,所以我们应该做些事来保护环境。
宾语从句(一)
(一)定义:
放在动词后面的句子，称为“宾语从句"。
(二)可分为三类:
一类是that引导的宾语从句;一类是whether/if引导的宾语从句;一类是连接代词，连接副词引导的宾语从句。
(三)that引导的宾语从句
1.宾语从句的引导词是that,当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如"希望"、"相信:"、"知道"或"说"时，后面的句子一般用that引导，that没有任何意义。只有语法功能，目的使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句，that可省略。接that引导的宾语从句的动词有:believe,expect,explain,feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn,wish等。
引导that用于下列情况时不可省略:
(1)当宾语从句的主语是that时
Eg: He says that that is a useful book.
他说那是一本有用的书。
(2)当从句前有插入语时
Eg: It says, on the card, that it is made in China.
卡片上说，它是中国制造。
(3)当宾语从句中含主从复合句时
Eg: I'm afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.
我害怕如果你丢了它，你必须付款。
(4)当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可省略外，其余从句中的 that都不可省略
Eg: He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.
他说电影非常有趣，他非常非常喜欢看它。
2.宾语从句的时态:
(1)主句是现在的某种时态，那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定
Eg: I remember he gave me a book yesterday.
我记得他昨天给我一本书。
He has told me that he'll leave for New York tomorrow.
他告诉我他明天将动身去纽约。
(2)如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态。
Eg: He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
他告诉我他将参加跳高。
(3)宾语从句表客观事实或真理，从句始终用一般现在时
Eg: He told me that the earth is round.
他告诉我地球是圆的。
注意:宾语从句中，当主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词为think,believe,suppose等时，要否定前移。
Eg: I don't think he is a good student.
我觉得他是不是一个好学生。
二、写作解析
话题:Write a letter to recommend a classmate for a position in your class.
(一)提示:
1.I am writing to recommend... for the position of ...
2.... has all of the qualities to be ...
3.... is perfect for the position of ... because ...
4.He/She is confident/ friendly/ hard-working/..., so he/ she will...
5.His/ Her personality is perfect/ suitable/ fit/ ... for the position, because...
6.For all of these reasons, I believe that ... is the right choice.
7.I hope that you consider him/ her for the position.
(二)写作步骤
定文体(记叙文)、
人称(第一、三人称)、
时态(一般过去时、一般现在时)
(三)范文
I am writing to recommend Lily for the position of our class monitor. I believe she would be an excellent monitor because she has many qualities suitable for this position.
Lily is active and confident. She is never shy to talk with others and isn't afraid of speaking in front of a large group. This is an important quality for a good monitor.
She is also very hard-working. She always finishes her homework on time and often helps classmates with their studies. She has enough time and energy to take on the monitor's responsibilities.
Moreover, Lily is organized. She plans her tasks well and pays attention to every detail when organizing class activities. For example, she helped arrange our last sports meeting, making sure everything went smoothly.
I think Lily is the most suitable person to be our monitor. I hope that you consider her for the position.
Thanks!
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Unit 1 Know yourself 语法+写作解析
一、语法解析
连词
(一)定义:
连词是用来连接单词、短语、从句或句子的词。连词是一种虚词，不能独立担任句子成分，在句子和句子的各种成分中起连接作用。
Eg: Lily likes English but she can't speak well.
丽丽喜欢英语但是她说得不好。
My father was reading a book when my mum was cooking.
我妈妈在做饭时爸爸在读书。
(二)分类:
1.并列连词:连接同等成分的词叫并列连词。
同等成分可以是单词、短语、分句或句子。连接两个句子时，构成并列句。
Eg: They like apples and bananas.
他们喜欢苹果和香蕉。
He is Chinese and he is in Class One.
他是中国人他在一班。
2.从属连词:把从句和主句连接起来的词叫从属连词。
从属连词分为引导名词性从句和副词性从句的连词。
Eg: I think that he is from England.(引导名词性从句)
我觉得他来自英国。
I was late because it rained heavily.(引导副词性从句)
我迟到了因为雨下得很大。
(三)功能
连词的功能就是在句子中起连接作用。它们所连接的成分、成分的数量以及它们在连接成分中的
位置方面并不完全相同。
*连词在连接两个分句时总是置于其中一个分句之首。
Eg: We will go to the park if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
如果明天不下雨我们将去公园。
*并列连词and,or和but所连接的分句与前面的分句位置固定，不能调换。
Eg: The factory was opened two years ago and it closed down yesterday.
这个工厂两年前开业昨天倒闭了。
*使用并列连词and,or和but就不能用其他连词，而从属连词则可以使用。
Eg: She is the woman that I met yesterday and that is from America.(从属连词that前有并列连词and)
她是我昨天见到的女士她来自美国。
(四)并列连词
1.表示平行关系的连词及短语
平行关系的并列连词使用中要注意连词前后的成分一般是对等的。
Eg: One learns a language by making mistakes and correcting them.
一个人可以通过犯错误和改正错误来学习一门语言。
* and"和",表并列或顺承关系。
Eg: I am doing homework and he is doing homework, too.
我正在做作业并且他也正在做作业。
*both...and..."两者都...",连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Eg: Both Lily and Lucy are from America.
丽丽和露西都来自美国。
*not only...but also...“不但...而且...”,连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循临近原则。
Eg: Not only you but also he wants to buy this book.
不仅你而且他也想买这本书。
*neither...nor..."两者都不...",连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循临近原则。
Eg: Neither you nor he likes apples.
你和他都不喜欢苹果。
2.表转折关系的连词及短语
表转折关系的并列连词在使用中要注意连词前后的成分是对等的，但意义是相反的。
Eg: I don't have a soccer ball, but my brother does.
我没有足球但是我哥哥有。
*but“但是”，表转折关系
Eg: My father is watching TV but my mother is cooking.
我的爸爸在看电视但我的妈妈在做饭。
however"然而",表转折关系
Eg: He was feeling bad. He went to work, however, and tried to concentrate.
他感觉不舒服。但他仍然去上班，并且努力集中精神工作。
3.表选择关系的连词及短语
表示选择关系的并列连词在使用中要注意连词前后的成分是对等的，但是意思是有所取舍的。
Eg: You may either stay here or go with me.
你可以呆在这儿，也可以跟我去。
*or“或者”，表选择关系
Eg: Do you like apples or pears
你喜欢苹果还是梨
*either...or..."或者...或者...",连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循临近原则
Eg: Either you or he is right.
不是你对了就是他对了。
4.表因果关系的连词及短语
表示因果关系的并列连词在使用中要注意连词前后的成分是对等的，但前后两分句一个表示原因，一个表示结果。
Eg: It must be morning now, for birds are singing.
现在一定是早上，因为鸟儿正在唱歌。
*for“因为”，表原因关系
Eg: Mike must be at home, for the light in his room is on.
迈克肯定在家,因为他房间里面的等亮着。
*so"所以”，表因果关系
Eg: There is so much haze around us, so we should do something to protect the environment.
我们身边有这么多的雾霾,所以我们应该做些事来保护环境。
宾语从句(一)
(一)定义:
放在动词后面的句子，称为“宾语从句"。
(二)可分为三类:
一类是that引导的宾语从句;一类是whether/if引导的宾语从句;一类是连接代词，连接副词引导的宾语从句。
(三)that引导的宾语从句
1.宾语从句的引导词是that,当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如"希望"、"相信:"、"知道"或"说"时，后面的句子一般用that引导，that没有任何意义。只有语法功能，目的使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句，that可省略。接that引导的宾语从句的动词有:believe,expect,explain,feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn,wish等。
引导that用于下列情况时不可省略:
(1)当宾语从句的主语是that时
Eg: He says that that is a useful book.
他说那是一本有用的书。
(2)当从句前有插入语时
Eg: It says, on the card, that it is made in China.
卡片上说，它是中国制造。
(3)当宾语从句中含主从复合句时
Eg: I'm afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.
我害怕如果你丢了它，你必须付款。
(4)当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可省略外，其余从句中的 that都不可省略
Eg: He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.
他说电影非常有趣，他非常非常喜欢看它。
2.宾语从句的时态:
(1)主句是现在的某种时态，那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定
Eg: I remember he gave me a book yesterday.
我记得他昨天给我一本书。
He has told me that he'll leave for New York tomorrow.
他告诉我他明天将动身去纽约。
(2)如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态。
Eg: He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
他告诉我他将参加跳高。
(3)宾语从句表客观事实或真理，从句始终用一般现在时
Eg: He told me that the earth is round.
他告诉我地球是圆的。
注意:宾语从句中，当主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词为think,believe,suppose等时，要否定前移。
Eg: I don't think he is a good student.
我觉得他是不是一个好学生。
二、写作解析
话题:Write a letter to recommend a classmate for a position in your class.
(一)提示:
1.I am writing to recommend... for the position of ...
2.... has all of the qualities to be ...
3.... is perfect for the position of ... because ...
4.He/She is confident/ friendly/ hard-working/..., so he/ she will...
5.His/ Her personality is perfect/ suitable/ fit/ ... for the position, because...
6.For all of these reasons, I believe that ... is the right choice.
7.I hope that you consider him/ her for the position.
(二)写作步骤
定文体(记叙文)、人称(第一、三人称)、时态(一般过去时、一般现在时)
(三)范文
I am writing to recommend Lily for the position of our class monitor. I believe she would be an excellent monitor because she has many qualities suitable for this position.
Lily is active and confident. She is never shy to talk with others and isn't afraid of speaking in front of a large group. This is an important quality for a good monitor.
She is also very hard-working. She always finishes her homework on time and often helps classmates with their studies. She has enough time and energy to take on the monitor's responsibilities.
Moreover, Lily is organized. She plans her tasks well and pays attention to every detail when organizing class activities. For example, she helped arrange our last sports meeting, making sure everything went smoothly.
I think Lily is the most suitable person to be our monitor. I hope that you consider her for the position.
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