【弯道超车】Unit 4 Being a good learner 核心语法之that引导的定语从句-2026-2027学年冀教版(新教材)八年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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【弯道超车】Unit 4 Being a good learner 核心语法之that引导的定语从句-2026-2027学年冀教版(新教材)八年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2026-2027学年冀教版八年级英语上册核心语法精讲精练
(新教材)Unit 4 Being a good learner
核心语法:that引导定语从句
一、核心概念
定语从句是在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句,相当于一个“形容词”,起修饰限定作用。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
that 引导的定语从句可以指代人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
核心功能: 用一个句子来修饰名词,使表达更精确。
基本结构: 先行词 + that + 定语从句
示例:
The book that is on the desk is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的。)
The man that I met yesterday is my teacher.(我昨天遇见的那个人是我的老师。)
二、that 的基本用法
1. that 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语
作主语(不能省略):
The book that is on the desk is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的。)
The car that is parked outside is my father's.(停在外面的那辆车是我父亲的。)
This is the house that was built in 1990.(这是1990年建的那座房子。)
作宾语(可以省略):
The book (that) I bought is interesting.(我买的那本书很有趣。)
The movie (that) we saw last night was boring.(我们昨晚看的那部电影很无聊。)
This is the house (that) my father built.(这是我父亲建的房子。)
2. that 指人,在从句中作主语或宾语
作主语(不能省略):
The man that is standing there is my teacher.(站在那里的那个人是我的老师。)
The girl that wears a red dress is my sister.(穿着红裙子的那个女孩是我妹妹。)
作宾语(可以省略):
The man (that) I met yesterday is my teacher.(我昨天遇见的那个人是我的老师。)
The girl (that) you saw at the party is my cousin.(你在派对上看到的那个女孩是我表妹。)
三、只能用 that 的情况(中考常考!)
在以下情况下,只能用 that,不能用 which 或 who:
1. 先行词被序数词修饰时
This is the first book that I have read in English.(这是我读的第一本英文书。)
2. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.(这是我读过的最有趣的书。)
3. 先行词被 the only, the very, the same 修饰时
He is the only person that can help you.(他是唯一能帮你的人。)
This is the very book that I want.(这正是我想要的那本书。)
4. 先行词是不定代词时(all, everything, something, anything, nothing, none, little, much 等)
All that you said is true.(你说的一切都是真的。)
There is nothing that I can do for you.(我没什么能为你做的。)
5. 先行词既有人又有物时
They talked about the people and things that they remembered.(他们谈论着他们记得的人和事。)
6. 主句以 who 或 which 开头时(避免重复)
Who is the man that is standing there (站在那里的那个人是谁?)
四、that 与 which / who 的对比
关系词 指代 用法
that 人 / 物 通用,尤其限制性定语从句
which 物 非限制性定语从句及介词后
who 人 正式,尤其在非限制性定语从句中
例句对比:
The book that/which I read is good.(指物,that 和 which 都可)
The man that/who is standing there is my teacher.(指人,that 和 who 都可)
I bought a book, which is very interesting.(非限制性,只能用 which)
This is the house in which I lived.(介词后,只能用 which)
五、关系代词作宾语时的省略
当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略。
The book (that) I bought is interesting.(that 可省略)
The man (that) I met is my teacher.(that 可省略)
The movie (that) we saw was boring.(that 可省略)
判断方法: 关系词后面紧跟的如果是主语(I, we, he, she, it, they...),则关系词作宾语,可以省略。
六、易错点与难点突破
1. 先行词是物,误用 who
The book who I bought is interesting.
The book that I bought is interesting.
2. 只能用 that 的情况下误用 which
This is the first book which I read.
This is the first book that I read.
3. 作宾语的关系词省略判断错误
The book (that) I bought is good.(可以省略)
The book is on the desk is mine.(缺少关系词)
The book that is on the desk is mine.(作主语不能省略)
4. 与宾语从句中 that 的混淆
定语从句的 that:指代先行词,作主语或宾语
This is the book that I bought.
宾语从句的 that:只起连接作用,不作成分
I think that he is right.
七、思维导图总结
八、记忆口诀
that 定语从句口诀:
that 引定修饰词,先行词是人或物;
作主不能省,作宾可以省。
序数最高唯一词,不定代词也要用;
先行词既有人又有物,只用 that 不能换。
1.Home is a place ________ gives us warmth and love and keeps us safe.
A.that B.who C.where D./
2.This is the most moving story ________ I have ever read.
A.which B.who C.that D.whose
3.All ________ we need to do is to save electricity and water every day.
A.which B.that C.who D.whose
4.This is the book ________ I bought yesterday.
A.who B.that C.what D.whose
5.The coin ________ was made in the Qin Dynasty is very old.
A.who B.that C.where D.when
6.This is the book ______ explains the history of China.
A.who B.whom C.that D./
7.This is the best book ________ I have ever read. I have read it many times.
A.which B.that C.who D.what
8.This is the most beautiful palace ________ I have ever seen.
A.which B.that C.who D.where
9.There are many things ________ are even more valuable than money, such as health and love.
A.that B.who C.whom D.whose
10.This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen.
A.which B.that C.what D.who
11.—Look at this movie poster! It says ‘The most exciting adventure film ________ you’ll ever see!’
—Wow, I’m so looking forward.
A.which B.what C.that D.whose
12.I think one of the things that ________ me as a parent is the effect (影响) of some mobile Apps, like Tik Tok, on children.
A.worry B.worries C.is worried about D.worrying
13.—Did you notice anything ________ looked strange
—Sorry, it was the amazing exhibition ________ attracted my full attention.
A.that; that B.which; that C.that; which D.which; which
14.All ________ I need is a cup of coffee.
A.which B.what C.that D.who
15.I enjoy listening to music ________ can touch my heart deeply.
A.who B.whose C.that D.what
16.The notebook is the first gift ________ I received from my father. It means a lot to me.
A.that B.who C.which D.what
17.Which word can be used for both people and things in a relative clause
A.who B.that C.which D.whose
18.This is the book ________ I told you about last week
A.who B.where C.that D.what
19.—Look! That is the woman ________ I met yesterday.
—Oh, she is my aunt ________ speaks three foreign languages.
A.what; who B.that; whom C.who; whom D./; who
20.All the ideas ________ we shared at the meeting were very useful.
A.that B.which C.who D.whose
21.They are talking about the greatest inventions ________ have made a big difference to our daily life.
A.who B.whom C.which D.that
22.—Do you know the big news ________ surprised the whole country on March 30th, 2026
—Yes! It’s about the successful first flight of the Lijian-2 commercial rocket.
A.whom B.when C.that D.where
23.Guan’egou National Forest Park is the place ________ I like to visit most.
A.that B.when C.what D.who
24.The Palace Museum is the only place ________ I’ve ever visited in Beijing.
A.who B.where C.that D.which
25.The Palace Museum is the best place ________ I’ve ever visited
A.which B.when C.that D.where
26.This is the best book ________ I have ever read.
A.which B.that C.what D.who
27.This is a book ________ tells us about different cultures around the world. It’s very useful.
A.who B.what C.that D.where
28.There are many things ________ are even more valuable than money.
A.what B.that C.who D.where
29.I like the gift ________ my father gave me last week.
A.what B.who C.that D.whose
30.This is the most beautiful park ________ I have ever visited.
A.that B.which C.who D.where
31.The speech spoken of some writers and novels ________ were known to us all.
A.which B.that C.who D.what
32.The four tools ________ people used for Chinese handwriting are called “Four Treasures of the Study”.
A.why B.what C.who D./
33.This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen in the last five years.
A.which B.that C.who D./
34.This is the most interesting movie ________ I have ever seen.
A.which B.that C.who D.whom
35.This is the most meaningful book ________ I have ever read about growing up.
A.who B.which C.that D.where
36.—This is the best gift ________ I have ever received from my grandparents.
—Oh, it must bring back good memories.
A.which B.that C.who D.whom
37.If you want to succeed, the first thing ________ you should do is to work out a plan.
A.which B.who C.that D.whom
38.This is the only gift ________ I received on Christmas Day.
A.that B.which C.who D.whom
39.Everything ________ he said at the meeting was very important.
A.that B.which C.who D.whom
40.He talked about the teachers and schools ________ he had visited.
A.that B.which C.what D.who
41.This is the book _________ I bought yesterday.
A.who B.that C.whom D.whose
42.I think the third experiment ________ we did yesterday was fantastic.
A.that B.who C.which D.whose
43.The dragon is the only animal ________ isn’t real among the Chinese zodiac (生肖).
A.that B.which C.who D.what
44.My sister and her little dog ________ are playing in the garden make me very happy.
A.that B.which C.who D.what
45.I prefer movies ________ me something to think about.
A.which gives B.that gives C.that give D.who give
46.—We will leave our school in six months.
—I will never forget the persons and the things ________ I have experienced and met.
A.that B.which C.who D.what
47.The writer and his works ________ you talk about ________ very popular among teenagers.
A.that; is B.who; is C.that; are D.which; are
48.I like music ________ I can dance to.
A.what B.who C.that D.whose
49.This is the first birthday gift ________ I have received. I’ve kept it for many years.
A.that B.who C.what D.which
50.This is the most exciting travel experience ________ I have ever had.
A.that B.which C.who D.whom
51.Please tell me ________ he said to you last night.
A.all which B.what all C.all that D.that all
52.—Must we finish the work today
—Yes, I’m afraid so. It’s our duty to finish the work ________ our group leader asks us to do.
A.what B.that C.who D.where
53.She didn’t forget anything ________ her mother had told her to buy.
A.whom B.which C.that D.who
54.I can’t forget the teachers and the university ________ I visited two years ago. They bring me many sweet memories.
A.that B.which C.what D.who
55.We all like the English song ________ is named “God is a girl”.
A.it B.that C.what D.who
56.We are interested in the people and places ________ he described in his letter.
A.which B.who C.that D.where
57.This is one of the most exciting football games ________ I have ever watched.
A.who B.which C.that D.where
58.—Have you seen the film Leap
—Yes. It’s the best one ______I have ever seen.
A.that B.which C.what D.how
59.I’ve finished reading the first book ________ was written by Yu Hua.
A.which B.who C.what D.that
60.There are many books and writers ________ interest us very much.
A.who B.that C.which D.whom
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参考答案及试题解析
1.A
【解析】句意:家是一个给予我们温暖与爱、守护我们平安的地方。
that关系代词,指代事物,在定语从句中作主语;who关系代词,指代人;where关系副词,在从句中作地点状语;/关系代词作宾语时才可省略。先行词place是事物,定语从句缺少主语,需用that引导。
2.C
【解析】句意:这是我读过的最感人的故事。
which哪一个,指物;who谁,指人;that那个,指人或物;whose谁的,表所属。先行词“story”指物,且被最高级“the most moving”修饰,当先行词被最高级修饰时,关系代词只能用that。
3.B
【解析】句意:我们所需要做的全部事情就是每天节约用水和用电。
先行词是All,指物,当先行词是不定代词all时,定语从句的关系代词常用that而不用which。
4.B
【解析】句意:这是我昨天买的那本书。
who指人;that指人或物;what不引导定语从句;whose表示所属关系。分析句子可知,先行词是the book,指物,关系代词应用that。应填that。
5.B
【解析】句意:这枚秦朝制造的硬币非常古老。
who只用于指人;that可以指人和物;where指地点;when指时间。先行词是The coin指物,且在从句中作主语,在限制性定语从句中作主语,可用which或that。本题备选项中只有that符合要求。
6.C
【解析】句意:这就是那本解释中国历史的书。
先行词“the book”指物,且关系代词在从句中作主语,应用that或which,作主语不能省略。
7.B
【解析】句意:这是我读过的最好的一本书。我已经读了很多遍。
which哪个/那一个(指物);that那个(指人或物);who谁(指人);what什么。先行词book前有形容词最高级the best修饰,关系代词通常用that。
8.B
【解析】句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的宫殿。
根据定语从句的用法规则可知,先行词“palace”是物,且被形容词最高级“the most beautiful”修饰;在定语从句中,当先行词被最高级修饰时,关系代词习惯用that而不用which,因此应选that。
9.A
【解析】句意:有许多比金钱更有价值的东西,比如健康和爱。
that那个;who谁;whom谁;whose谁的。先行词是things,指物,且在从句中作主语,关系代词应用that或which,选项中只有that,所以选A。
10.B
【解析】句意:这是我看过的最好的电影。
考查定语从句关系代词的使用。空格处需填入关系代词引导定语从句,修饰先行词“movie”。当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,通常用“that”引导定语从句。故选B。
11.C
【解析】句意:——看这张电影海报!上面写着“你将看过的最激动人心的冒险电影!”——哇,我好期待。
考查定语从句关系代词的选择。which引导定语从句,先行词是物,在从句中作主语或宾语;what什么,引导名词性从句;that引导定语从句,先行词指人或者物,在从句中作主语或宾语;whose引导定语从句,先行词指人或者物,在从句中作定语。分析句子结构可知,本句为定语从句,排除B项;根据“The most exciting adventure film...you'll ever see!”可知,先行词film被形容词最高级“the most exciting”修饰,关系代词只能用that,指物,在从句中作动词see的宾语。 故选:C。
12.A
【解析】句意:我觉得作为父母让我担心的事情之一是某些移动应用程序对孩子的影响,比如Tik Tok。
考查动词。worry使担心,三单形式是worries,现在分词是worrying;be worried about对……担心。根据“I think one of the things that…me”可知,此处指的“使我担心的是……”,排除C。该句陈述事实,为一般现在时,且设空处是定语从句的谓语,that是从句主语,指代“the things”,所以从句谓语动词需用原形,故选A。
13.A
【解析】句意:——你注意到有什么奇怪的地方吗?——对不起,吸引我全部注意力的是那个惊人的展览。
考查定语从句的引导词和强调句。第一空空前是不定代词anything,先行词是不定代词时,关系词用that;第二空是强调句型it is/was...that...,强调主语,故选A。
14.C
【解析】句意:我所需要的只是一杯咖啡。
which哪一个;what什么;that那个;who谁。先行词All是不定代词,关系代词只能用that。
15.C
【解析】句意:我喜欢听能深深触动我心灵的音乐。
who谁(指人,作主语);whose谁的(作定语);that那个(指人或物,作主语/宾语);what什么(不能引导定语从句)。先行词是music,指物,且在从句中作主语,应用that或which引导,结合选项可知应用that。
16.A
【解析】句意:这个笔记本是我从父亲那里收到的第一份礼物。它对我来说意义重大。
that关系代词(指人或物,可用于限制性定语从句,尤其当先行词被序数词、最高级等修饰时);who关系代词(指人);which关系代词(指物)。此处需要一个关系代词,在句中引导定语从句,指代先行词gift并在从句中作received的宾语,故填that。
17.B
【解析】句意:在定语从句中,哪个单词既可以指代人也可以指代物?
who谁;that那个;which哪个;whose谁的。在定语从句中,who用于指代人;which用于指代物;whose表示所属关系;that既可指代人也可指代物。根据“both people and things”可知,that符合题意。
18.C
【解析】句意:这就是我上周跟你说过的那本书。
who谁(指人);where哪里(指地点);that那(指人或物);what 什么(不引导定语从句)。先行词是“the book”,指物,且在从句中作介词about的宾语,应用that引导。
19.D
【解析】句意:——看!那就是我昨天遇到的那位女士。——哦,她是我的会说三门外语的阿姨。
第一空先行词是the woman,指人,在从句中作met的宾语,关系代词可以省略或用who/whom/that;第二空先行词是my aunt,指人,在从句中作speaks的主语,关系代词用who或that。
20.A
【解析】句意:我们在会议上分享的所有想法都十分有用。
先行词被不定代词all修饰,根据规则只能用that引导定语从句,不能用which。
21.D
【解析】句意:他们正在讨论那些对日常生活产生了巨大影响的最伟大的发明。
who谁(指人,作主语);whom谁(指人,作宾语);which哪一个(指物);that那个(指人或物)。分析句子结构可知,先行词是“inventions”(发明,指物),且在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可用which或that。选项中who和whom只能指人,故排除。当先行词被形容词最高级“greatest”修饰时,定语从句的关系代词通常用that,而不用which。故选that。
22.C
【解析】句意:——你知道2026年3月30日震惊全国的大新闻吗?——知道!是关于“力箭二号”商业火箭首次成功飞行的消息。
whom谁(指人,在从句中作宾语);when什么时候(指时间,在从句中作状语);that那(指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语);where哪里(指地点,在从句中作状语)。根据题干先行词“the big news”指物,且定语从句中缺少主语,同时无逗号分隔(限制性定语从句),应用关系代词that引导,应填that。
23.A
【解析】句意:官鹅沟国家森林公园是我最喜欢去参观的地方。
that引导定语从句,指代人或物;when引导定语从句,指代时间;what什么,不能引导定语从句;who引导定语从句,指代人。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,先行词为“the place”,指物,关系词在从句中作“visit”的宾语,应用关系代词that引导。
24.C
【解析】句意:故宫博物院是我在北京参观过的唯一的地方。
who谁;where哪里;that那个;which哪个。先行词place被the only修饰,且关系词在从句中作visited的宾语,这种情况下规定用that而不用which,应选that。
25.C
【解析】句意:故宫是我曾经参观过的最佳场所。
which指物;when指时间;that指人或物;where指地点。先行词place被最高级the best修饰,且关系词在从句中作visited的宾语,只能用that引导定语从句。
26.B
【解析】句意:这是我曾经读过的最好的书。
which哪一个;that那个;what什么;who谁。分析句子可知,此处为定语从句,先行词book指物,在从句中作宾语,且被形容词最高级the best修饰,关系代词应用that。
27.C
【解析】句意:这是一本告诉我们关于世界各地不同文化的书。它非常有用。
who指人;what不能引导定语从句;that可指人或物,在从句中作主语/宾语;where在从句中作地点状语。这是一个定语从句,先行词a book指物,且在从句中作主语,that符合要求。
28.B
【解析】句意:有许多比金钱更有价值的东西。
what什么;that那个;who谁;where在哪里。分析句子结构,空处引导定语从句,先行词是“things”,指物,且关系代词在从句中作主语,what不能引导定语从句,who指人,where指地点,只有that符合语境。
29.C
【解析】句意:我喜欢上周我父亲送给我的那个礼物。
what不能引导定语从句;who指人,在从句中作主语或宾语。 that指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语。 whose指人或物,在从句中作定语,表示所属关系。根据“I like the gift...my father gave me last week.”可知,先行词是“gift”,指物,因此需用指代物的关系代词that引导。应填that。
30.A
【解析】句意:这是我曾经参观过的最美丽的公园。
that指人或物;which指物;who指人;where指地点。先行词park被最高级the most beautiful修饰,根据语法规则,当先行词被最高级修饰时,关系代词只能用that。此外,从句中visited缺少宾语,where作状语不符合语境。故选A。
31.B
【解析】句意:这次演讲谈到了一些我们大家都知道的作家和小说。
which引导定语从句,先行词是物;that引导定语从句,先行词是人或物;who引导定语从句,先行词是人;what不引导定语从句。根据句子结构可知,先行词是“writers and novels”,既有人又有物,关系代词只能用that。
32.D
【解析】句意:人们用于中国书法的四种工具被称为“文房四宝”。
why为什么,在定语从句中作原因状语,先行词通常是reason;what什么,不引导定语从句;who谁,引导定语从句时,先行词指人。空格处是定语从句的关系词,在从句中作动词used的宾语,先行词是tools,指物,因此可用that引导此定语从句,that在定语从句中作宾语时可省略,因此此处不填单词即可。
33.B
【解析】句意:这是我过去五年里看过的最好的电影。
which哪一个(指物);that那个(指人 / 物,先行词被最高级修饰时用);who谁(指人);/ 不填(关系代词作宾语时可省略)。先行词“movie”被最高级“the best”修饰,此时定语从句的关系代词只能用that。
34.B
【解析】句意:这是我看过的最有趣的电影。
which关系代词,先行词为物;that关系代词,先行词为人或物;who关系代词,先行词为人;whom关系代词,先行词为人,作宾语。先行词“movie”指物,且被最高级“the most interesting”修饰,通常用that,也可用which。本题更地道的表达选that。
35.C
【解析】句意:这是我读过的关于成长的最有意义的一本书。
考查定语从句关系词。who谁,指人;which哪一个,指物;that那个,可指人或物;where哪里,表示地点。句中先行词为“book”,指物,且被最高级“the most meaningful”修饰,定语从句中缺少宾语,当先行词被序数词或最高级等修饰时,引导定语从句的关系词应用 that。故选C。
36.B
【解析】句意:——这是我从祖父母那里收到的最好的礼物。——哦,它一定唤起了美好的回忆。
考查定语从句。which哪一个;that那个;who谁;whom谁。先行词是“the best gift”,指物,且先行词被形容词最高级“the best”修饰,定语从句中关系词作宾语,指物时通常用that,且当先行词被最高级修饰时,关系词只能用that。故选B。
37.C
【解析】句意:如果你想成功,你应该做的第一件事就是制定一个计划。
考查that引导的定语从句。which哪一个;who谁;that那个;whom谁(宾格)。先行词是“the first thing”,指物,且被序数词“first”修饰,定语从句中关系词应用that。故选C。
38.A
【解析】句意:这是我在圣诞节收到的唯一礼物。
考查定语从句关系词。that那个,关系代词,既可指人也可指物;which哪个,关系代词,指物;who谁,关系代词,指人,作主语;whom谁,关系代词,指人,作宾语。根据“This is the only gift...I received on Christmas Day.”可知,先行词是“the only gift”,指物,且被“the only”修饰,定语从句中关系代词作宾语。当先行词被“the only”修饰时,关系词通常用“that”而不用“which”。故选A。
39.A
【解析】句意:他在会议上说的一切都非常重要。
考查定语从句关系词。that那个,关系代词;which,哪一个,关系代词;who谁,指人;whom谁,宾格指人。本句是定语从句,先行词是everything,当先行词为不定代词everything时,关系词通常用that而不用which。故选A。
40.A
【解析】句意:他谈论了他曾拜访过的老师和学校。
考查定语从句关系词。that作关系代词,泛指人或物,无实际含义;which作关系代词,指物;what作关系代词,意为“……的事/物”;who作关系代词,指人。先行词是“the teachers and schools”,既包含人又包含物,且从句中缺少宾语,此时关系词只能用that。故选A。
41.B
【解析】句意:这是我昨天买的书。
考查关系代词辨析。who谁,指人;that那个,可指人或物;whom谁,宾格,指人;whose某人的,在从句中作定语。先行词book是物,需用指物的关系代词that。故选B。
42.A
【解析】句意:我认为我们昨天做的第三个实验太棒了。
考查关系代词辨析。that先行词是物,在从句中作主语或宾语;who先行词是人,在从句中作主语;which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whose用来指人或物,只用作定语。先行词“experiment”是物,且被序数词“third”修饰,关系代词在从句中作宾语,应用that引导定语从句。故选A。
43.A
【解析】句意:龙是中国十二生肖中唯一不真实的动物。
考查定语从句。根据“The dragon is the only animal...isn’t real among the Chinese zodiac (生肖).”可知,该句为主从复合句,从句为定语从句,先行词是“animal”动物,而且其被“the only”修饰。在定语从句中,当先行词被“the only”修饰时,关系代词只能用“that”,故选A。
44.A
【解析】句意:我姐姐和她的在花园里玩耍的小狗让我很开心。
考查定语从句关系代词。that可指人或物;which指物;who指人;what不能引导定语从句。先行词“My sister and her little dog”既包含人又包含物,关系代词需用that来引导定语从句。故选A。
45.C
【解析】句意:我更喜欢那些给我一些思考的电影。
考查定语从句和主谓一致。句子是定语从句,先行词是movies,且关系词在从句中作主语,用that/which引导定语从句,且关系词指代名词复数,谓语动词用原形。故选C。
46.A
【解析】句意:——我们六个月后就要离开学校了。——我永远不会忘记我所经历和遇到的人和事。
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此句是定语从句,先行词“the persons and the things”既有人又有物,在从句中作宾语,关系代词只能用that。故选A。
47.C
【解析】句意:你谈论的那位作家和他的作品在青少年中非常受欢迎。
考查定语从句和主谓一致。that先行词为人或物;who先行词为人;which先行词为物。根据句子成分分析可知,“...you talk about”是定语从句,先行词是“The writer and his works”,既包括人又包括物,应用关系代词that;主语“The writer and his works”表示复数概念,从句谓语动词需用复数形式are。故选C。
48.C
【解析】句意:我喜欢能让我随着跳舞的音乐。
考查定语从句。what什么,常引导名词性从句,不能引导定语从句;who谁,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;that那个,先行词指人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;whose谁的,先行词指人或物,在从句中作定语表所属关系。根据“I like music…I can dance to.”可知,此处包含一个定语从句,先行词是music,指物。关系词在从句中作介词to的宾语,应用关系代词that或which。故选C。
49.A
【解析】句意:这是第一个我收到的生日礼物。我已经保存它很多年了。
考查定语从句的关系代词。 that关系代词,即指人也指物,充当主语、宾语、表语;who谁,关系代词,只指人,充当主语、宾语;what 什么,不用于定语从句;which关系代词,既指人也指物,充当主语、宾语。分析句子“This is the first birthday gift…I have received.”可知,该从句是定语从句,可排除C选项,且先行词“the first birthday gift”表示物,且被序数词first修饰,关系代词在从句中作宾语,只能用that。故选A。
50.A
【解析】句意:这是我有过的最令人兴奋的旅行经历。
考查that引导定语从句。that可指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;who指人,在定语从句中作主语;whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。本句是定语从句,先行词“travel experience”是物,且被最高级“the most exciting”修饰,当先行词被最高级修饰时,关系词只能用that,故选A。
51.C
【解析】句意:请告诉我他昨晚对你说的所有话。
考查直接宾语和定语从句。tell sb sth“告诉某人某事”,空处到“last night”作宾语,且其中包含了定语从句。“tell me”后应直接填all作直接宾语,且all为定语从句的先行词。定语从句中,先行词为all,关系词用that。故选C。
52.B
【解析】句意:—— 我们必须今天完成这项工作吗? —— 是的,恐怕是这样。完成我们组长要求我们做的工作是我们的职责。
考查定语从句。what什么;that引导定语从句,指人或物;who谁;where哪里。根据“our group leader asks us to do”可知,此处指我们组长要求我们做的工作,“our group leader asks us to do”是定语从句,先行词是“the work”,指物,关系词用that。故选B。
53.C
【解析】句意:她没有忘记妈妈让她买的任何东西。
考查定语从句关系代词。whom在定语从句中指代人,作宾语;which指代物,作主语或宾语;that既可指人也可以指物,当先行词是不定代词(如anything)时,关系代词只能用that;who指代人,作主语。根据“anything...her mother had told her to buy”可知,此处先行词是不定代词“anything”,且在从句中作“buy”的宾语,故关系代词用that。故选C。
54.A
【解析】句意:我无法忘记两年前拜访过的那些老师和大学。它们给我带来了许多甜蜜的回忆。
考查定语从句。先行词是“the teachers and the university”,既包含人,也包含物。在英语中,当先行词既有人又有物时,只能用“that”来引导定语从句。故选A。
55.B
【解析】句意:我们都很喜欢那首名为《上帝是个女孩》的英文歌曲。
考查定语从句。it它;that引导定语从句时无实义,先行词是人/物;what什么,不引导定语从句;who谁,引导定语从句时,先行词是人。此句是定语从句,先行词是the English song,指物,应用that引导。故选B。
56.C
【解析】句意:我们对他在信中描述的人和地方感兴趣。
考查定语从句。which关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词为物;who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词为人;that关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词为人或物;where关系副词,引导定语从句,先行词为地点。本句的先行词“the people and places”是人和物,引导词只能用that。故选C。
57.C
【解析】句意:这是我看过的最令人兴奋的足球比赛之一。
考查定语从句关系词。who谁;which哪一个;that那;where哪里。先行词“football games”指物,且被最高级“the most exciting”修饰,在定语从句中作宾语,关系词应用that。故选C。
58.A
【解析】句意:——你看过电影《夺冠》吗?——看过。这是我看过的最好的一部。
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此句是定语从句,what和how不引导定语从句,排除;先行词是不定代词one,前面被形容词的最高级best修饰,且空处作宾语,关系词只能用that,故选A。
59.D
【解析】句意:我已经读完了余华写的第一本书。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知这是一个定语从句。which指代的先行词是物;who指代的先行词是人;what引导名词性从句,不用来引导定语从句;that指代的先行词可以是人,也可以是物。先行词book指物,且被the first修饰,当先行词被the first修饰时,只能用that,不能用which。故选D。
60.B
【解析】句意:有许多书和作家使我们非常感兴趣。
考查定语从句的关系代词。根据“There are many books and writers ... interest us very much.”可知,本句为定语从句,先行词为“books and writers”,同时包含物和人,关系代词需用that。故选B。
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