资源简介

2026-2027高中英语 选择性必修四
Unit 1　SCIENCE FICTION 单元复习整理
单词默写
【阅读词汇】
1.ridiculous adj. 　　　　　
2.integrity n. 　　　　　
3.absurd adj. 　　　　　
4.nail n. 　　　　　　vt. 　　　　　　
5.ladder n. 　　　　　
6.rumour n. 　　　　　
7.presume vt. & vi. 　　　　　
8.fare n. 　　　　　
9.chairwoman n. 　　　　　
10.gramme (NAmE gram) n. 　　　　　
11.flour n. 　　　　　
12.venue n. 　　　　　
13.alien n. 　　　　　　adj. 　　　　　　
14.lever n. 　　　　　
15.panel n. 　　　　　
16.hazy adj. 　　　　　
17.puff n. 　　　　　
18.jolt n. 　　　　　　vt. & vi. 　　　　　　
19.flip vt. & vi. 　　　　　
【写作词汇】
20.　　　　　　 n. 小说;虚构的事
21.　　　　　　 n. 意外收获;奖金;红利
22.　　　　　　 n. 庄重;庄严;尊严
23.　　　　　　 n. 薪水;薪金
24.　　　　　　 n.女售货员;女推销员
25.　　　　　　 conj. 然而;但是;尽管
26.　　　　　　 adj. 每周的 n. 周刊
27.　　　　　　 n.售货员;推销员
28.　　　　　　 n. 劳动(者);体力劳动 vi. 奋斗;努力工作
29.　　　　　　 n. 皮革;[pl.] 皮衣;皮外套
30.　　　　　　 n. 英寸(长度单位,等于2.54厘米) v.(使朝某方向)谨慎移动
31.　　　　　　 (NAmE backward)adv. 向后;倒着;往回
32.　　　　　　 vt. & vi.(　　　　,　　　　) 紧握;抓紧
33.　　　　　　 n. 侄女;外甥女
34.　　　　　　 vt. (去)拿来;(去)请来
35.　　　　　　 n.(pl. 　　　　　　) 手帕;纸巾
36.　　　　　　 n. 灯;台灯
37.　　　　　　 n. 速度;步伐;节奏 vt. & vi. 确定速度;调整节奏
38.　　　　　　 adj. 随机的;不可思议的
【拓展词汇】
39.　　　　 v.任命;委任;安排→　　　　　 n.预约;约会;委任→　　　　　 adj.指定的;约定的
40.　　　　　 n.内疚;悔恨;犯罪→　　　　　 adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的
41.　　　　　　 vt.悬;挂;暂停;暂缓→　　　　　　 n.悬浮;暂停;停职
42.　　　　　　 vt.让(某人)离开;解散; 解雇;消除→　　　　　　 n.解雇;免职
43.　　　　　 vt.表明;宣称;公布→　　　　　 n.申报;宣布;公告;声明(书)
44.　　　　　 vt.计算;核算;预测→　　　　　 n.计算→　　　　　　 n.计算器
45.　　　　　 v. (使)变得模糊不清; (使)视线模糊→　　　　　 adj. 模糊不清的;难以区分的
46.　　　　　　 adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的→　　　　　　 n.优越;优势;优越性
47.　　　　　　 n.无行动;不采取措施→　
adj.不活跃的;不活动的
48.　　　　　 v.分开;使意见不一→　　　　　 n.分开;分隔;差异;除(法)
49.　　　　　 n.强烈的欲望;冲动 vt.催促;力劝;大力推荐→　　　　　 n.紧急;紧急的事→　　　　　　 adj.紧急的;迫切的→　　　　　 adv.迫切地;紧急地
50.　　　　　　 adj. 最小的;最低限度的 n. 最低限度; 最小值→　　　　　　 adj. 最大极限的 n. 最大量;最大限度
51.　　　　　 vi.& vt.爆炸;爆破→　　　　　 n.爆炸;爆发;激增→　　　　　　 adj. 易爆炸的;突增的
52.　　　　　 vt. 使震惊;使昏迷→　　　　　 adj.震惊的;惊呆的
53.　　　　　　 n.泥;泥浆→　　　　　　 adj.泥泞的;浑浊的
54.　　　　　　 n.夸大;夸张→　　　　　　 v.夸张;夸大叙述
二．单元语法填空
　　Science fiction writers satisfy our strong urge to explore the future world with maximum imagination. In sci-fi stories, humans make friends with aliens to protect the earth from 1.　　　　　 (explode). What’s more, humans can travel freely to the past or the future just by taking a time machine, 2.　　　　　(grip) the lever on the main panel and pushing it one inch forwards and then backwards. We even read about wars between robots and humans.
However, with rapid pace of the development of AI, some plots described in science fiction novels have become a reality. It is declared that robots looking more like humans than machines have been tested out, thus leading to 3.　　　　　 (divide) of opinions about the pros and cons of robots.
Obviously, robots have made our life more convenient. Robots can do most of labour for us such as 4.　　　　　 (calculate) and doing nails for women. A household robot helps turn out the lamp and even fetch kids from school. Some are designed to work as salesmen or saleswomen who serve customers with dignity.
However, some people fear robots may cause moral problems. Humanoid robots make the line between humans and robots 5.　　　　　 (blur). Rumour has it that a lonely man is in love with his robot girlfriend. It sounds stunning and absurd. More 6.　　　　　 (ridiculous), when in conflict with human beings, can they be judged 7.　　　　　(guilt) or innocent Besides, employees are afraid that they might 8.　　　　　 (dismiss) on a permanent basis because robots are not paid a salary. This will definitely result in social unrest.
Although what will happen in the future is hazy, I presume robots will never replace humans. They are basically machines that don’t own moral qualities like integrity. The market for robots will fall away like a puff of smoke if the production is suspended due to the 9.　　　　　(action) of robots.
A machine will never be superior to its creator and will never take 10.　　　　　them.
三．配套小练习 　
Ⅰ 阅读理解
A
Robots doing housework are nothing new with the latest achievements in robotics. Recently, a robot called Mobile ALOHA caught the attention of many at the beginning of 2024, with short videos of it cooking at someone’s home becoming popular in January.
Developed by a team of researchers at Stanford University in the US, the robot can handle everything for a dish, whether it is cutting vegetables or cracking eggs. It also does well in various household tasks like watering plants, petting cats, cleaning the floor and doing the washing. It even knows to shake the pillow (枕头) after putting on a pillowcase. An Internet user joked under one video that as long as this thing doesn’t try to kill him while he is asleep, he is in real need of it.
However, a following video posted by one of the researchers, Tony Zhao, and showing Mobile ALOHA’s failures proved that the idea of having a robot servant may just be wishful thinking. In the video, Mobile ALOHA randomly broke glasses and plates, crashed into cupboards and even burned a pot.
It turns out that Mobile ALOHA is not a complete self-learning system that can independently deal with new environments. It relies on demonstrations by human operators in its surroundings, meaning that the robot needs to learn from human behaviour before completing each task. Also, according to the team, the robot achieves a 95% success rate in removing red wine stains (污渍), 80% in pushing chairs, and a mere 40% in frying shrimp. In short, it’s far from perfect.
The behavioural problems of AI robots have been bothering scientists for decades. Although AI robots do pretty well in things requiring high-level reasoning like maths, they perform worse than a one-year-old child when it comes to simple tasks demanding abilities of sense, reflexes (本能反应) and mobility, among others.
As the team observed, the interaction between the arm and the base of Mobile ALOHA would get quite complex if more flexibility is required in a task. Even a slight deviation (偏差) in the base settings might lead to significant drift in the arms’ motions, resulting in failure to complete the task.
(　)1.What can be known about Mobile ALOHA according to Paragraph 2
A.It sells well among housewives.
B.It can help one to do housework.
C.It was developed by IT scientists.
D.It is badly needed by Internet users.
(　)2.Why is Tony Zhao’s video about Mobile ALOHA mentioned
A.To prove its online popularity.
B.To display its powerful functions.
C.To show it needs further improvement.
D.To suggest it should work under one’s help.
(　)3.How can Mobile ALOHA best complete a new task
A.By operating independently.
B.By copying humans’ behaviour.
C.By learning from previous tasks.
D.By turning to programmers for help.
(　)4.Which type of task may AI robots be poor at
A.Deep learning. 　B.Precise calculation.
C.Logical thinking. D.Behavioural flexibility.
B
MyHeritage has announced the release of two new AI features which it promises will revolutionise genealogy (系谱学) research, similar to how ChatGPT revolutionised the way we search the Internet.
The first feature, AI Record FinderTM, is an interactive chatbot that helps family historians find relevant historical records about a person of interest within MyHeritage’s database of 20 billion records. This free-text chat tool enables users to talk to an intelligent assistant to find information about their ancestors, relatives, or other people who have passed away.
In addition to AI Record FinderTM, MyHeritage has also introduced AI BiographerTM, another innovative feature that automatically generates a narrative biography about an ancestor’s life using information from historical records that match the person. This creates a Wikipedia-like biography, which gives users a complete understanding of their ancestor’s life story.
These two new features are integrated, allowing MyHeritage users to create an AI biography for their ancestors using the AI Record FinderTM. With this integration, users can easily use a conversational AI to search for historical records. This makes it faster and easier to find information about their family members.
Gilad Japhet, founder and CEO of MyHeritage, said of the new features, “We’re constantly pushing the boundaries of genealogy to reinvent the way people can discover their family history as we aim to reshape genealogy in the 21st century. Together, these advanced features strengthen MyHeritage’s position as the industry leader for innovative genealogy and continue our mission to make family history easier, more accessible, and more fun for everyone.” AI Record FinderTM is a disruptive feature that simplifies the way people can find information about their ancestors by making the search easier. AI BiographerTM turns a person’s life details into a fascinating story. Not all our ancestors were famous, but they all deserve to be remembered!
(　)5.What is a typical feature of AI Record FinderTM
A.It updates MyHeritage’s database.
B.It generates a narrative biography.
C.It narrows down the target information.
D.It helps users interact with intelligent people.
(　)6.Which of the following would Gilad Japhet probably agree with
A.AI genealogy promotes family history creation.
B.The new AI-driven features give way to MyHeritage.
C.MyHeritage spares no effort to advance genealogy.
D.More will be done to strengthen MyHeritage’s position.
(　)7.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “disruptive” in the last paragraph
A.Relevant. B.Pioneering.
C.Disturbing. D.Comprehensive.
(　)8.What might be the best title for the text
A.MyHeritage leads in AI genealogy
B.MyHeritage promises to revolutionise
C.AI features: a new era for genealogy
D.AI Record FinderTM: smart search for family histories
●Ⅱ 阅读七选五
An employee of a tech company, Laura Mae Martin, sent an e-mail to her co-workers: What if for six weeks straight, you spent one night per week without technology gadgets (小装置) 1.　　　　 Then how to make it Here’s a realistic guide to using your tech in a way that serves you.
Start with one simple question. Pay attention to when you have an urge to lift your phone or open social media. When you become aware of it, simply ask yourself, “Do I really need to do this right now ” 2.　　　
Schedule tiny tech breaks. 3.　　　　 But if you’re trying to spend less time staring at your screens, 10- or 15-minute breaks might be a more practical option. You might take a quick walk, or read a book.
4.　　　　 One way to create harmony with your technology is to limit your phone use when you’re on the move. Head out for a walk Turn off your notifications (通知). Go to grab a coffee Leave your phone on your desk. It may leave you focused on the present.
Make the technology work for you. To develop a healthy relationship with technology, you need to be in control of it and not the other way around. 5.　　　　 Make it work for you, not against you. Remember it’s the intention behind how you’re using it that really makes the big difference.
A.Focus your attention on the relationships around you.
B.Take the “mobile” out of your mobile devices.
C.Extended vacations from your gadgets may not be possible.
D.You’re gaining self-control by becoming aware of the desire.
E.Think about your device as a tool that you decide how to use.
F.Asking the question may help you resist the desire to check your device.
G.Then she was flooded with responses eager for a break from their phones.
●Ⅲ
The wide application of artificial intelligence (AI) in our 1.　　　　　　 (life) is creating waves. Three universities in Australia have adopted 2.　　　　　　 seems like a landmark policy. The three institutions are allowing students to use AI when taking assessments, although under strict conditions. Professor Romy Lawson said, “Instead of 3.　　　　　　 (ban) students from using such programs, we aim to assist academic staff and students 4.　　　　　　 (use) digital tools to support learning.”
The Internet is filled 5.　　　　　　 AI text generators that can write essays that look authentic enough to fool examiners. AI is causing huge challenges to exam 6.　　　　　　 (equal). It is the biggest destructor since calculators 7.　　　　　　　　　　 (allow) into maths tests several years ago. The latest dilemma for educators comes from a language-processing tool 8.　　　　　　 (call) ChatGPT. This can produce 9.　　　　　　 (high) authentic human-like content on any subject in seconds. It has caused fears that students will use it to write essays.
Doctor Vitomir Kovanovic from the University of South Australia said that teachers needed to embrace AI. He said, “Teachers needed to accept AI. It is 10.　　　　　　 popular and useful that you cannot stop it. The alternative is the Middle Ages—going to pen and paper. Universities need to change with the times.” He added, “It’s like having a driving school, but teaching people how to ride horses.”
参考答案
一． 词句默写
1.愚蠢的; 荒谬的; 荒唐的　2.诚实正直; 完整; 完好
3.荒谬的; 荒唐的　4.指甲; 趾甲; 钉子　 (用钉子)钉牢; 固定　5.梯子; 阶梯　6.谣言; 传闻　7.假设; 假定　8.车费; 船费; 飞机票价　9.女主席; 女董事长; 女委员长
10.克(重量单位)　11.面粉; (谷物磨成的)粉　12.活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)　13.外星人(生物); 外国人 陌生的; 外星的; 外国的　14.操纵杆; 杠杆　15.控制板; 仪表盘; 专家咨询组　16.模糊的; 朦胧的; 困惑的　17.(烟、气等的)一缕; 少量; 喘息　18.震动; 摇晃; 颠簸 (使)震动; 摇晃　19.(使)快速翻转; (用手指)轻抛
【写作词汇】
20.fiction　21.bonus　22.dignity　23.salary
24.saleswoman　25.whereas　26.weekly　27.salesman　28.labour　29.leather　30.inch　31.backwards　32.grip; gripped; gripped　33.niece　34.fetch　35.handkerchief; handkerchieves/handkerchiefs　36.lamp　37.pace　38.random
【拓展词汇】
39.appoint; appointment; appointed　40.guilt; guilty
41.suspend; suspension　42.dismiss; dismissal　43.declare; declaration　44.calculate; calculation; calculator　45.blur; blurred　46.superior; superiority　47.inaction; inactive
48.divide; division　49.urge; urgency; urgent; urgently
50.minimum; maximum　51.explode; explosion; explosive　52.stun; stunned　53.mud; muddy　54.overstatement; overstate
二．单元语法填空
1.explosion　2.gripping　3.divisions　4.calculating
5.blurred　6.ridiculously　7.guilty　8.be dismissed
9.inaction　10.over
三．配套小练习
ⅠA
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。最近,一个名为Mobile ALOHA的机器人在2024年初引起了许多人的注意,它在家里做饭的短视频在一月份走红。文章对这款智能机器人进行了详细介绍。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段“…the robot can handle everything for a dish, whether it is cutting vegetables or cracking eggs. It also does well in various household tasks…after putting on a pillowcase.”可知,Mobile ALOHA可以帮忙做家务。故选B项。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第三段“However, a following video posted by one of the researchers, Tony Zhao, and showing Mobile ALOHA’s failures proved that the idea of having a robot servant may just be wishful thinking…even burned a pot.”可推知,文中提到Tony Zhao关于Mobile ALOHA的视频是为了表明它需要进一步的改进。故选C项。
3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段“It turns out that Mobile ALOHA is not a complete self-learning system…meaning that the robot needs to learn from human behaviour before completing each task.”可知,Mobile ALOHA需要模仿人类的行为才能最好地完成新任务。故选B项。
4.D　推理判断题。根据第五段“…they perform worse than a one-year-old child when it comes to simple tasks demanding abilities of sense, reflexes (本能反应) and mobility, among others.”和最后一段“…the interaction between the arm and the base of Mobile ALOHA would get quite complex if more flexibility is required in a task.”可推知,人工智能机器人可能不擅长行为灵活性任务。故选D项。
B
【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道,主要报道了MyHeritage公司发布了两项新的AI功能,该公司称这两项功能将彻底改变系谱学研究。
5.C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The first feature, AI Record FinderTM, is an interactive chatbot that helps family historians find relevant historical records about a person of interest within MyHeritage’s database of 20 billion records.”可知,AI Record FinderTM的典型特征是帮助用户缩小目标信息的范围。故选C。
6.C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Gilad Japhet的话“We’re constantly pushing the boundaries of genealogy to reinvent the way people can discover their family history as we aim to reshape genealogy in the 21st century.”可推知,Gilad Japhet可能会认同MyHeritage会不遗余力地推进系谱学。故选C。
7.B　词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“AI Record FinderTM is a disruptive feature that simplifies the way people can find information about their ancestors by making the search easier.”可知,AI Record FinderTM简化了人们查找祖先信息的方式,使搜索变得更容易,所以应是开创性的。故disruptive在此处的意思应该是“开创性的”,故选B。
8.A　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其根据第一段可知,文章主要介绍了MyHeritage公司发布的两项新的AI功能,该公司称这两项功能将彻底改变系谱学研究,因此短文的最佳标题为“MyHeritage在AI系谱学方面领先”。故选A项。
●Ⅱ【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了如何更健康、更理智地使用科技产品。
1.G　根据前文“An employee of a tech company, Laura Mae Martin, sent an e-mail to her co-workers: What if for six weeks straight, you spent one night per week without technology gadgets (小装置) ”可知,空处应提到她收到了什么样的回复,G项(然后,她收到了大量渴望从手机中抽出时间休息一下的回复。)符合文意,其中she指的是Laura Mae Martin。故选G。
2.F　设空处位于段尾,是对前文的总结。根据前文“Start with one simple question. Pay attention to when you have an urge to lift your phone or open social media. When you become aware of it, simply ask yourself, ‘Do I really need to do this right now ’”可知,本段介绍通过提问来抑制玩手机的欲望,F项(问这个问题可能会帮助你抵制查看手机的欲望。)是对前文的总结。故选F。
3.C　根据前文“Schedule tiny tech breaks.”以及后文“But if you’re trying to spend less time staring at your screens, 10- or 15-minute breaks might be a more practical option. You might take a quick walk, or read a book.”可知,本段介绍通过减少使用电子产品的时间来休息,C项(远离电子设备的时间太长可能是不可能的。)承接上文,并引出下文。故选C。
4.B　设空处位于段首,为本段中心句。根据后文“One way to create harmony with your technology is to limit your phone use when you’re on the move…It may leave you focused on the present.”可知,本段主要介绍如何与技术设备和谐相处,特别是在外出时限制手机的使用,专注正在做的事,B项(把“移动”从你的移动设备中拿出来。)符合本段主题,为本段中心句。故选B。
5.E　根据前文“Make the technology work for you. To develop a healthy relationship with technology, you need to be in control of it and not the other way around.”可知,此处介绍如何使技术为你服务,而不是你被技术控制,E项(把你的设备想象成一个你决定如何使用的工具。)是对前文的进一步说明,并和后文“Make it work for you, not against you.”相呼应。故选E。
●Ⅲ【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人工智能在我们生活中的广泛应用正在掀起浪潮,但是同时也带来了挑战。
1.lives　考查名词复数。life在此处为可数名词,根据上文our可知,应用复数形式。故填lives。
2.what　考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句,从句缺少主语,结合句意可知,应用what引导宾语从句,并作从句的主语。故填what。
3.banning　考查非谓语动词。空处作介词的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填banning。
4.to use　考查非谓语动词。assist sb to do sth表示“帮助某人做某事”。故填to use。
5.with　考查介词。be filled with表示“充满”。故填with。
6.equality　考查名词。空处作宾语,应用不可数名词equality。故填equality。
7.were allowed　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。主语calculators为复数,其与谓语构成被动关系,根据后文several years ago可知,此处为一般过去时的被动语态,且谓语用复数。故填were allowed。
8.called　考查非谓语动词。此处tool与call构成被动关系,应用过去分词作定语。故填called。
9.highly　考查副词。空处修饰形容词authentic,应用副词highly。故填highly。
10.so　考查固定句型。根据句意可知,此处表示“如此……以至于……”,应用“so…that…”句型。故填so。
2 / 2

展开更多......

收起↑