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第三讲　学策略，营造高分亮点
如何构思续写情节
(2025·全国一卷)
My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer．She had prepared lots of snacks，while my job was to have the backyard in order．
There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play．There was just one thing I hadn't counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby，a 50-pound ball of fire．Though friendly，he could easily knock over my niece's small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter．So，when my brother showed up，I asked him to watch Toby and keep him outside．
My plan was working out just fine．Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard and giving the kids plenty of room．Unexpectedly，after supper，the weather changed．It started to rain and everyone went indoors．
It was an awkward moment．I didn't want Toby to be running around in the house，and my brother wasn't happy with driving home with a wet dog．Eventually，my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue．
A few days passed，and I hadn't heard anything from my brother．I texted him and expressed wishes for him to come out again．His reply came as a surprise—a shock，actually: “Not a chance．” Clearly，he was unhappy over the way we had parted．After all，I had left him little choice．Well，he'll get over it，I reasoned．
Two months passed．My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother，but I resisted，thinking he should call first．However，my conscience (良心) kept bothering me．I tried to put myself in my brother's shoes．He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier．Toby was his constant companion，the one who kept him going．
注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
I realized it was I who was at fault． ___________________________________
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With the biscuits my wife had made，I arrived at my brother's door．
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一、思维导图法
思维导图(mind map)的使用可以贯穿整个续写的构思过程，既可以用来构思故事的结尾，也可以用来构思故事的中间部分。为了让故事情节不至于脱节，可用思维导图先确定整个故事的结局，然后再去构思细节内容。
[分析]
1．在思维导图中确定该步骤构思的核心词，比如，在确定结局的时候可写上Possible Endings，再把几种可能的结局列出来，并用辐射线把这些潜在的结局都连接到核心词上(如下图)。在厘清思路后，通过比较和排除选出最合适的结局。
2．从内容的合理性来看，第一、二个结局符合积极向上的价值观，而第三个结局不符合，故排除第三个结局。第一个结局聚焦 “矛盾化解”，实现了关系的 “修复”；而第二个结局在和解的基础上，体现了矛盾带来的成长与情感深化，更贴合原文中 “我” 的 “良心不安” 与 “换位思考”——不仅要道歉，更要真正走进对方的困境。因此选择第二个结局可能是优于选择第一个结局的。
3．接下来我们用思维导图来构思细节。第一段首句为“I realized it was I who was at fault．”第二段首句为“With the biscuits my wife had made，I arrived at my brother's door．”为了两段能够自然衔接，可以先确定第一段末句为“I asked my wife to bake his favorite oatmeal biscuits and planned to visit him the next morning．”所以第一段的中间部分应描写my guilt and reflection。再对核心词进行发散思维，对情节展开想象。可绘制思维导图如下：
My guilt and reflection
·Memories: brother's lonely back when leaving
·Brother's situation: lost wife，facing health issues，Toby as only companion
·My neglect: focused on kids，ignored his situation
·Talk with wife: poured out regret，admitted being stubborn，failed to understand his loneliness
·Decision: apologize，make up for my mistake
二、表格法
1．在构思情节时，我们可以绘制一个简单的表格，把要考虑到的因素列举在表头，而下面列举的行数则意味着达到最终目标所需的步数。
2．由于读后续写的文体为记叙文，而在解读记叙文时，读者常常会理出故事线(明线)和情感线(暗线)。因此，构思情节时，我们可以通过思考故事发展的故事线和情感线来构思，而表格可以帮助我们厘清思路。故事线就是故事中人物的经历和所作所为，可以用动词来表示；而情感线就是故事中人物的内心感受，可以用形容词来表示。每个表格对应每个自然段，大概设计3到4个情节，即每个表格设计3到4行。
3．首先，相比思维导图法而言，表格法呈线性，主要从两方面入手——“What did the person do？”和“How did the person feel？”。其次，以表格法进行构思，可以体现故事发展的时间性，即按时间顺序开展情节。最后，表格兼顾了故事的发展和人物的心理变化，可以让续写内容更加清晰，情节更加丰满。
[分析]
第一段首句为“I realized it was I who was at fault．”。之前分析过该段的结局可以是“I asked my wife to bake his favorite oatmeal biscuits and planned to visit him the next morning．”。因此，我们用表格法构思，围绕my guilt and reflection展开。围绕这个问题，又从以下两方面细化：“How did I feel？(情感)”和“What did I do？(动作)”。
How did I feel？(情感) What did I do？(动作)
guilty and regretful recalled my brother's lonely back when he left that day
ashamed talked to my wife，pouring out my regret for being stubborn
determined asked my wife to bake his favorite oatmeal biscuits and planned to visit him the next morning
三、提问法
1．在构思续写两段的具体内容时，我们还可以通过自问自答的形式来构思情节，主要围绕What和How的问题来展开，每段可设计3到4个问题并回答。
2．续写部分两段首句已经规划了我们的写作思路和框架。因此，我们在写第一段时，必须参考第二段首句，即续写第一段末句必须与续写第二段首句自然衔接，形成完整的故事链条。
[分析]
第一段(I realized it was I who was at fault．)
1．What specific mistakes did I realize I had made
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2．What memories made my guilt stronger
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3．How did I express my feelings to my wife
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4．What decision did I make to fix the relationship
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第二段(With the biscuits my wife had made，I arrived at my brother's door．)
5．How did my brother react when he opened the door
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6．What did I say to start the conversation
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7．How did Toby respond to my presence
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8．Did we reach a reconciliation
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接着我们可以以这几个回答为框架，将其内容扩充丰富，从而完成一篇情节合理的续写短文。
如何营造故事冲突
故事情节是故事中最容易吸引人的地方，而情节中最能吸引人的就是故事冲突(干扰事件)。发生在主要人物身上的一系列“冲突”能使故事悬念迭出，吸引读者继续阅读。冲突能够推动情节的发展，使之走向高潮。由于续写词数的限制，冲突不易设置过多。冲突应主要聚焦主要人物对主要事件的抉择，即主要人物对主要事件的态度转变或人物性格的塑造。营造故事冲突的三个阶段和三个技巧如下：
一、营造冲突的三个阶段
(一)发现干扰事件，捕捉故事冲突
故事开始时，主要人物的生活一般来说很平静、稳定。如果没有干扰事件，故事就会平淡无奇。相反，如果故事中出现了一些干扰性事件(故事冲突)，那么主要人物的生活就会曲折起伏，故事就变得有吸引力。找到续写原文中的干扰事件，并尝试设计解决方案，这就是捕捉到了故事冲突。
(二)分析人物性格，推动冲突发展
故事中主、次人物的性格不同。积极的性格主要是热心、善良、温和、体贴、无私、坚毅、严厉等；消极的性格主要是冷酷、自私、怯懦、傲慢、粗暴、虚伪、吝啬、偏执等。只有通过分析，辨明主、次人物的性格，才能更好地推动冲突的发展。
(三)设计最后危机，结束故事冲突
续写部分的两段往往蕴含着故事的高潮和结局，这个高潮就是最后的“危机”，它可以加剧故事冲突，使情节更具有戏剧性，也可以结束故事冲突，使情节更加完整。营造最后的“危机”可以让读者与主要人物产生共鸣，从而提升故事的可读性。
二、营造冲突的三个技巧
(一)描写内心矛盾
描写人物的内心矛盾，有助于抓住读者的心，引发读者积极思考，让读者融身其中，有助于推动故事情节的发展。
[典例]　(2023·浙江1月卷范文)“Is she still OK Can I see her again Has the broken window been fixed？” I thought to myself．
[分析]　作者既希望蜂鸟能安然无恙，又渴望能再见到蜂鸟，还担心窗户没有修好，作者此时的内心冲突被放大了，其目的是吸引读者思考“蜂鸟真的会如作者所愿，再次安全出现而不是被困在房子里吗？”
(二)突出角色转变
角色转变是读后续写中的一个重要切入点，通过角色的变化来推动故事情节的发展。例如，一个角色可能从被动变为主动，或者从一个状态转变到另一个状态，这种转变可能是因为内在的觉醒，也可能是外在环境的改变所导致。
[典例]　(2023·浙江1月卷范文)It seemed as if the bird was waiting for me，its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep，unspoken gratitude．
[分析]　文中作者实际上是去找蜂鸟的，作者是主角，而此处却写道“蜂鸟似乎在等作者出现”。这时，蜂鸟成了主角，这种角色的转变，增强了故事的趣味性和吸引力。
(三)增加外部冲突
冲突带来紧迫感，可以将故事推向高潮。增加外部冲突就是在描写时，故意增加一种让人意想不到的事件来突显故事的曲折，这是一种明显有效的可以使故事达到高潮的方式。
[典例]　(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷范文)All the runners contested for the lead，just with David struggling to keep up．Unluckily，he suddenly slipped over．Without hesitation，he picked himself up and ran slowly with heavy steps after the others into the forest trail．
[分析]　此处增加了David跑步时摔倒这一意外的冲突，突显了故事的曲折性，使故事更有紧迫感，并逐渐把故事推向高潮——David最后坚强地站起来，并坚持完成了比赛。
(2024·浙江1月卷)
Eva spent the first week of high school trying to keep her head above water．One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building．It was a six-storey building．On each floor，hallways stretched in four directions，leading to classrooms，laboratories，and teachers' offices．Somewhere in the building，there was also a library，a cafeteria，and a gym．
Having a poor sense of direction，Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building．All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about，let alone commit to memory．She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn't exist．
In her first P．E．class，Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside．She searched the faces of her classmates for signs of panic．There was nothing she feared more than having to run a whole mile．To Eva，“a mile” was used to describe long distances．It was ten miles from her home to her grandfather's，and that always seemed like a long way，even in a car!
When Coach Pitt blew his whistle(哨子)，Eva figured she would be left in the dust．However，while some of her classmates edged ahead，others actually fell behind．“It's just the beginning，” she thought．“I'll come in last for sure．”
Soon Eva began to breathe hard，with her heart pounding and legs shaking．Feeling desperate，Eva started using a mind trick on herself．She stopped thinking about the word “mile”．Instead，she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead．Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved(拐弯)．After that，she tried to see if she could complete her first lap．One lap turned into two，then three，then four．
注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
When Coach Pitt said “Nice work！” to her at the finish line，Eva was surprised．
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Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building． ___________
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[高分思维]
1．故事概要
故事讲述了高中生Eva因为方向感不强，经常在学校里迷路。在一次体育课上，教练要求他们沿着校园跑步。Eva通过先到达树影，然后再到达下一个拐弯处，之后一圈一圈地跑的方法完成了一英里的跑步。之后她意识到可以用同样的方法去记忆学校的建筑，从而不再迷路。
2．角色与角色之间的冲突
内部冲突：高中生Eva方向感太差而记不住学校建筑的位置，在体育课上绕着学校跑，她害怕成为最后一名，心里非常紧张，缺乏自信。这种内心冲突给下文埋下了伏笔，暗示下文的情节发展方向。
3．高分范文
　　When Coach Pitt said “Nice work！” to her at the finish line, Eva was surprised． Looking around，she realized what her coach meant．Instead of being left in the dust，she found herself among the top three．“I just can't believe it，” Eva gasped，unable to contain her excitement．Her mouth curved up into a smile and her face lit up with a sense of confidence．The mind trick had worked wonders and the word “mile” was no longer a monster for her．She felt energetic，refreshed and powerful and believed she could overcome any obstacle in her life，including her poor sense of direction． Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building． She stopped racking her brains for which direction to go．Instead，she created a detailed map of the six-storey building，highlighting key landmarks with different colours．Breaking down the routes into smaller sections，she explored each day，one at a time．Days turned into weeks，and now navigating the huge building seemed like a piece of cake．This episode served as a reminder that with great determination and a clever mind trick，one can achieve anything and reach far． 范文赏析： ①情节合理，描写生动，语言连贯，前后衔接。 ②动作描写：look around、 curve up into a smile、gasp。 ③情感描写：unable to contain her excitement、 her face lights up。 ④高级词汇：be left in the dust、contain、curve up、work wonders、refreshed、powerful、obstacle、rack her brains、navigate、determination。 ⑤高级句式：Looking around是动词-ing形式作__________；highlighting key landmarks with different colours是动词-ing形式作__________。
如何设置衔接和吸睛结尾
“有效地使用了语句间的衔接手段，全文结构清晰，意义连贯”是读后续写最高档次的评分细则之一。根据此标准，考生在备考时必须注意从以下几处设计续写语言：首句接续、情节叙述、细节描写、段落过渡和故事结尾。本讲主要从首句接续、段落过渡和故事结尾三个方面讲解。
一、首句接续
续写部分所给的两段首句控制着故事的基本情节和发展方向，因此，接续好段落首句特别重要。接续首句时，注意从首句中人物的动作和情感入手，可以利用语法手段或细节描写进行接续。
(一)利用语法手段接续
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写第一段)I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news．Caught in such a dilemma，I could obviously feel a wave of helplessness and anxiety sweeping over me．(分词短语)
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写第二段)Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised．Delighted and excited，we agreed to meet at the same place where we last met．(形容词短语)
※(2022·浙江1月卷续写第一段)We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans．The more we met，the more I knew his ability．(固定句型)
(二)利用细节描写接续
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写第一段)I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news．He frowned instantly，hit by shock obviously．(动作描写)
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写第二段)Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised．A few minutes later，a taxi came into my sight，in which was exactly Gunter，still with friendly bright smile on his face．(场景描写)
※(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷续写第二段)I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation．Giggling instantly with a broad smile spreading on his face，he told me that he was proud of my wonderful performance．(神态描写)
※(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写第一段)We sat down next to each other，but David wouldn't look at me．A flood of sympathy and sadness surged in my heart．(心理描写)
二、段落过渡
续写部分的两个段落在情节上是自然顺承、连贯一致的故事片段。因此，两个段落之间的衔接过渡十分重要。续写过渡句时，要从时间、空间、逻辑意义或心理变化等角度考虑才能写好前后两段的过渡句。
(一)时间角度
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写第一段尾句) ..．With a final push，Gunter sent me onto the bus at the last minute，and my new-found friend disappeared into the darkness of the night．(4天前的晚上)
(第二段首句)(4天后)Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised...
(二)空间角度
※(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写第一段尾句) ..．Without hesitation，he wiped away the tears and struggled to his feet to embrace the challenge．(David擦干眼泪，站起来迎接挑战)
(第二段首句)(David走到起跑线上)I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners...
(三)逻辑意义
※(2021·浙江1月卷续写第一段尾句)...Then Mom told me she had just filmed me managing to pull my head out of the pumpkin．(视频被录制完成)
(第二段首句)(视频被发到网上)That video was posted the day before Halloween...
(四)心理变化
※(2024·浙江1月卷续写第一段尾句)...Eva's perspective shifted，and she began to see challenges as opportunities for growth rather than obstacles to overcome．(变得乐观)
(第二段首句)(信心更坚定)Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building．
三、故事结尾
在读后续写中，结尾发挥着非常重要的作用，精彩的结尾好似画龙点睛，让人回味无穷。常见的结尾方式有景物描写结尾、哲理性语言结尾、自然结尾等。考生应根据文章的主题，借助丰富的句子结构来打造完美的结尾。以下是常用的几种读后续写的结尾方法。
(一)首尾照应法
结尾与开头照应，有时可引用作者在开头的观点，甚至以与开头语一模一样的单词或短语结尾。结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，深化主题，起到画龙点睛的作用。但是注意一点，不要照搬开头的句子，要变化句式或者用不同的词来表达相同的主题。
※开头：I had an interesting childhood．It was filled with surprises and amusements，all because of my mother—loving，sweet，yet absent-minded and forgetful．One strange family trip we took when I was eleven tells a lot about her．
结尾：Despite mom's being absent-minded and forgetful，she is still a kind and nice mom．
※开头：It was summer，and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before．He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West．
结尾：Never had I had such a thrilling yet dangerous vacation before．The special trip to the Wild West was deeply engraved in my mind．
※开头：A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day．
结尾：What a funny day！Arthur couldn't stop laughing whenever he looked back on this funny experience．
(二)哲理寓意法
哲理式结尾，即在结尾用富含哲理性的语句总结全文，升华主旨，并给人以启示。其一般用于引申文意，起到“言已尽而意无穷”的效果，使文章的中心更突出。同学们平常可以积累一些富含哲理的段落或句子，若将之运用到文章的结尾，不仅能深化主题，而且能引人深思，给读者以有益的启迪。
※Since then，my teacher's encouraging words，just like a lighthouse in the mist，would always shine in the sky of my life．
从那时起，老师鼓励我的话语就像雾中的灯塔，永远照亮我生命的天空。
※Only then did I realize that it was bravery and determination that could conquer all the difficulties．Hard work paid off eventually．
那时我才明白，勇敢和决心可以战胜一切困难。努力终将得到回报。
※From then on，not only did I have a good command of writing，but I also knew the truth—fear never builds the future，but hope does．
从那时起，我不仅很好地掌握了写作，而且我也知道了一个真理：恐惧永远不会筑就未来，但希望可以。
※It is love that makes the world go round；just as a saying goes，“The fragrance always stays in the hand that gives the rose．”
是爱使世界转动，正如一句谚语所说：“赠人玫瑰，手有余香。”
※It dawned on me that a moment of kindness could mean so much to another，and that a simple act could make the world so much better．
我突然领悟到，片刻的善意对他人而言意义重大，一个简单的举动就能让世界变得更美好。
(三)以景结情法
在借景抒情时，同学们要选择具有美感的景物，在情景交融中回味文意，体会文章主旨。景物应简洁疏朗，结尾写景抓住一两个意象即可，景物过多则显得杂乱，冲淡了景物描写的作用，难以表现景物中蕴含的情感。写景忌简单罗列。
※With a shadow of a happy family cast on the window，I felt my little sister was the best gift I'd ever got．
一个幸福家庭的影子投射在窗户上，我觉得我的小妹妹是我得到的最好的礼物。
※As the sun began to rise，I knew that a new day had begun and with it，there was a new opportunity to chase my dreams and create the life I had always imagined．
当太阳开始升起，我就知道新的一天开始了，随之而来的是追逐梦想和创造我一直想象的生活的新机会。
※I believe in full blossom，Grandma's sitting peacefully in the sun，every flower carrying her previous hope，with Grandpa beside her，giggling like a child．
我相信在盛开的花朵中，奶奶正安详地坐在阳光下，每一朵花都承载着她以前的希望，爷爷在她身边咯咯地笑着，像个孩子。
※The wind murmured in the trees and the sunlight flooded in through the window，warming the whole room，as if freezing ice melted．
风在树间低语，阳光透过窗户洒进来，温暖了整个房间，就像寒冰融化了。
(四)对话收尾法
对话式结尾指文章以对话结束，此对话的特点包括：紧扣主线、意味深长、反映人物心理、揭示谜底、首尾呼应等。对话式结尾有时伴有相应的动作收尾，因为说完话总会有肢体动作伴随。使用这种结尾的前提是文章立意佳，否则就会弄巧成拙。
※She was so excited that she burst into tears and suddenly hugged me in her arms，sobbing，“This is the most meaningful gift I have ever received，and the most unforgettable Christmas I have ever had！”
她太激动了以至于哭了起来，并突然把我搂在怀里，抽泣着说：“这是我收到的最有意义的礼物，也是我度过的最难忘的圣诞节！”
※“That was a pretty good basketball match for a math whiz，” said Leon as he and Edward headed home．“Just like your math grade! It was a pretty good grade for a basketball all-star．”
“对于一个数学能手来说，这真是一场精彩的篮球比赛。”利昂在和爱德华结伴回家的路上说道：“就像你的数学成绩！对于一个篮球全明星来说，这是一个相当不错的成绩。”
※On hearing that，her eyes widened with excitement and her mouth opened．“Sister! I love you too，” she said heartily，and the smile on her face shone like a diamond．
听了这话，她兴奋地瞪大了眼睛，张大了嘴。“妹妹！我也爱你。” 她由衷地说着，脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
※They hung all the things back to the wall．Jack asked Paisley，“Are you really willing to lead a tough life with me？” She patted away the ashes on hands and looked at the walls with loads of stuff on them with satisfaction，saying，“Yes! For me，it is not a suffering to live．”
他们把所有的东西都挂回墙上。杰克问佩斯利：“你真的愿意和我一起过艰难的生活吗？”她拍了拍手上的灰，满意地看着挂满东西的墙，说道：“是的！对我来说，这样的生活并不是一种痛苦。”
(五)回忆式结尾
读后续写在末段经常发出回忆式感慨，在一种轻松的环境中，回忆之前的经历也是一个不错的选择。常用句型公式：Whenever I...，the sight of her doing sth．will invariably appear vividly before my eyes：...如：
※Whenever I stand looking about on the steps leading to the room，the sight of her saying goodbye to our home for the last time will invariably appear vividly before my eyes：Neatly dressed，she looked somewhat impatient and meanwhile also seemed to feel quite hopeful about things to come．
每当我站在通向房间的台阶上向四周张望时，她最后一次告别我们家的情景总是历历在目：她穿戴整齐，显得有些不耐烦，同时又似乎对未来充满希望。
(六)主题升华法
主题升华式结尾是指在续写文章结尾时，通过一句高度精练的话来对主题进行升华，使文章主题上升到一定的高度，给读者以启示。这种话往往是一些名言或谚语。
1．助人型主题
※He held the coins tightly，tears rolling down without control．It is love that makes the world go around，which Bernard felt deep in his heart．
他紧紧地攥着硬币，眼泪不受控制地流了下来。 正是爱让世界转动，伯纳德在他的心里深深地感受到了这一点。
※Whether rich or poor，we should be happy to do something for society．Thus we can learn that giving is the source of happiness．
无论贫富，我们都应该乐于为社会做点什么。 因此，我们会明白付出是幸福的源泉。
※Sometimes，a small act of kindness may be powerful enough to make a huge difference．
有时候，小小的善行可能足以带来巨大的改变。
2．成长型主题
※As a proverb says，“Every coin has two sides．” Making full use of your strengths is your achievement．Please remember that in no case should you give up，especially in trouble．
正如谚语所说：“事物都有两面性。”充分利用你的优势就是你的成就。请记住，无论如何你都不要放弃，尤其是在困境中。
※It's never too late to learn．Each individual has the right to accept more challenges and make more attempts．
学习永远为时不晚。每个人都有权利去接受更多的挑战，做更多的尝试。
※Actually，every individual possesses talent．Be brave when you find it and also make efforts．You can create miracles in the end．
事实上，每个人都有天赋。当你发现它的时候要勇敢，也要付出努力。最终你会创造奇迹。
※As long as we dare to dream and don't let difficulties get in our way，anything is possible．
只要我们敢于梦想，不被困难所阻挡，一切皆有可能。
※I smiled as I eventually realized the real source of confidence．Now，I am proud of what I look like and much happier，because I have realized it is your personality that decides who you truly are．
我笑了，因为我最终意识到了自信的真正来源。现在，我为我的样子感到骄傲，而且更快乐，因为我已经意识到，决定你真正是谁的是你的个性。
3．亲情型主题
※Someday，when I am older and have children of my own，I hope I can be just as great a parent as my mom．
有一天，当我长大了，有了自己的孩子，我希望我能成为和我妈妈一样伟大的母亲。
※Going through homelessness lets the family know that there will always be obstacles，but now with Dylan's great news，the future looks much brighter than before．
无家可归的经历让这家人知道总会有困难，但现在有了迪伦的好消息，未来看起来比以前更加光明了。
※It dawned on Alice that Dad was trying to tell her that rules are rules but love between family members never fails．
爱丽丝恍然大悟，爸爸是想告诉她，规则就是规则，但家庭成员之间的爱永不止息。
※Time took away so many happy moments of our family but left us something most important—“Honey，everything will be just fine！”
时间带走了我们家许多快乐的时刻，但也留给我们了最重要的东西——“亲爱的，一切都会好起来的！”
※With tears rolling down mother's weather-beaten face，she smiled and scooped her son into her arms．
泪水从母亲饱经风霜的脸上滚落下来，她微笑着把儿子抱在怀里。
4．脱险型主题
※She hugged her husband as tightly as possible，too thrilled to say anything．What an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there's always a way out as long as we never give up our hope．
她紧紧地抱住丈夫，激动得说不出话来。这是一段多么难忘的经历啊！ 事实证明，只要我们不放弃希望，就总有办法摆脱困境。
※Only then did I realize that action can cure fear and bravery can conquer difficulties．
只有那时我才意识到，行动能治愈恐惧，勇敢能战胜困难。
※Never should we give up our hope whatever setbacks we are faced with．
不管我们遇到什么样的挫折，我们都不应该放弃希望。
※Never had I fallen into such a dangerous situation before．The experience was deeply engraved in my mind and reminded me to respect nature．
过去我从来没有遇到过那样危险的情形。那次经历深深刻在我心中，它提醒我要尊重自然。
5．人与动物型主题
※To her surprise，it looked as if all the people in the hall had changed into her doll animals，and she even saw her smiling Zoey the zebra standing at the back．
令她吃惊的是，大厅里的所有人似乎都变成了她的动物玩偶，她甚至看到了微笑着站在后面的斑马佐伊。
※The dog returned often，reminding us of his heroics and our own Christmas miracle．
这只狗经常回来，让我们想起他的英雄事迹和我们自己的圣诞奇迹。
※Only when we humans and animals live together in perfect harmony can we live a peaceful life．
只有当我们人类和动物完美和谐相处时，我们才能过上平静的生活。
Grandpa's Old Chair
It was the annual cleaning day for the family．John and his mom were busy cleaning the house．They cleaned upstairs，downstairs，inside and outside until everything was spotless．Exhausted，they sank into the couch．Just then，John's mom noticed an old chair that was faded and worn．That chair was for John's grandpa，who had lived with them since John's grandma died．
“John，come and help me．” John's mom sprang to her feet．“We'll take the chair outside．The garbage truck will pick up trash on our block tomorrow．”
As they attempted to move the chair，John's grandpa made his way through the door．Seeing what was happening，he quickly tried to stop them．“No！” he protested．“You can't take my chair．”
“But it's so old ...” John's mom argued．“We'll buy you a new one．”
“No，” he persisted，trying to push his chair back into place．
John's mom finally let go of the chair and left the room．With a sigh of relief，the old man sank into his chair and closed his eyes．
“Grandpa，why won't you let us get rid of the chair？” John asked．
“You don't understand，John．” His grandpa shook his head and said，“I sat in this chair with your grandma right here when I asked her to marry me．And I sat in this chair the night your father was born．Many years later，” Grandpa's voice broke，“I sat in this chair when the doctor called and told me that your grandma was ill．I was lost without her，but the chair gave me comfort and warmth．” The old man's sadness seemed to grow as he recalled that fateful (有重大影响的) day．
“I understand now．” John looked at his grandpa and said，“This is not just an old chair．It is more like a friend．”
“Yes，” he nodded．“We've gone through a lot together．”
However，that night，when John and his grandpa were asleep，John's mom and dad carried the chair outside．It was a starless night．Winter had crept in and snow fell silently from the black sky and covered Grandpa's chair with a blanket of white．
注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
The next morning，John was woken by the garbage truck pulling up to the house．
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Hearing this，John's mom looked at Grandpa and slowly walked towards him．
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[衔接过渡]
1．段首接续句
第一段：__________________________________________________(用首句的主语接续；动作描写；分词作补语；独立主格结构)
第二段：______________________________________________(用首句的主语接续；动作描写；宾语从句)
2．段落过渡句
(逻辑意义衔接)_______________________________________________________
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3．故事结尾句
①自然式结尾：
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②对话式结尾：
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如何润色续写内容
读后续写对语言综合运用能力要求更高。要增添“读后续写”的表达效果，不仅要有词汇量的积累，还要注意避免使用泛泛而谈的词汇，应该多使用具体的词汇使表达更加准确到位。只有准确、连续的动作和夸张丰富的表情以及细致的心理活动描写，才能让人物栩栩如生！
一、动作描写——动作链
在读后续写的写作过程中，成功的动作描写可以交代人物的身份、地位，可以反映人物心理活动的进程，也可以表现人物的性格特征。人物的动作或简单或复杂，都不是一下子就能完成的，细心观察才能捕捉到最能体现人物特征的慢镜头。因此，在描写动作时，要学会细化动作，把动作过程分解成一连串细微的动作，形成动作链，写出动作的连贯性，这样才能使描写具有画面感，使人物更立体。动作链有以下结构形式：
·动作A＋B＋and＋C ·句子＋-ing ·句子＋having done ·句子＋-ed ·句子谓语连动＋-ing
※He stopped the taxi，jumped in with the suitcase and told the driver，“Go to the police station，please．”
他拦下了出租车，拿着箱子跳进车里，然后对司机说：“请到警察局去。”
※The singer glanced at the audience，took a deep breath and began to sing．
这个歌手瞥了一眼观众，深吸了一口气，开始唱歌。
※She would get off the car excitedly，laughing and dancing around．
她会兴奋地下车，又笑又跳。
※The old man sat under the sunset，reading the newspaper and listening to the radio．
老人坐在夕阳下，看着报纸，听着收音机。
※Having queued for 3 hours，he was told that the ticket had been sold out．
排了3个小时的队后，他被告知票已经卖完了。
※Deeply moved by the story，the children began to cry．
孩子们被这个故事深深感动了，哭了起来。
※Poppy trotted to him and got up on his back legs，trying to lick his old friend．
(小狗)波比小跑到他跟前，站立起来，要舔他的老朋友。
※Tony rushed to Rose and threw his arms around her tightly without hesitation，wiping tears from her cheeks．
托尼毫不犹豫地冲向罗丝，紧紧地抱住她，帮她擦去脸颊上的泪水。
二、形容词(短语)作状语
形容词(短语)在句中作状语，可以表明主语所处的状态。如：
※Lost in the mountain for two days，these students were finally rescued by the local police．
这些学生在山里迷路两天后最终被当地警察救了出来。
※Speechless and happy，she held her son tightly into her arms，with tears welling up in her eyes．
她高兴得说不出话来，紧紧地将她的儿子拥入双臂，热泪盈眶。
三、with复合结构
with复合结构可以丰富句子的内容，其作用一般相当于一个状语从句，可以表示原因、条件、伴随、结果、方式等。如：
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news．“Sorry，I can't take cash out，” I said embarrassedly，with my face burning．
我跑回冈特那里，告诉他这个坏消息。“对不起，我无法取出现金。”我尴尬地说着，脸发烫。
※(2023·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)There was nobody inside．I slipped in and gingerly set the trophy on my teacher's desk with a note attached，saying，“It's a glory for both of us！Your inspiration seems a beacon guiding my way ahead．”
里面没有人。我溜进去，小心翼翼地把奖杯放在老师的桌子上，并附上一张纸条，上面写着：“这是我们俩共同的荣耀！你的鼓舞就像指引我前进的灯塔。”
四、独立主格结构
独立主格结构的构成为“名词/代词＋动词-ing形式/过去分词/不定式/形容词/介词短语”，其作用相当于一个状语从句。如：
※I embraced my father without a word，tears streaming．
我默默拥抱着父亲，泪流满面。
※She thought of Tom，memories flooding out as she closed her eyes and recalled the kindness of him．
她想起了汤姆，当她闭上眼睛，回忆起他的友善时，往事涌上心头。
※My heart pumping wildly and my blood pulsing through my veins，I pulled back the reins，distracted the horse and tried every means to stop the horse but in vain．
我的心在狂跳，血液在静脉中跳动，我拉住缰绳，转移马的注意力，用尽一切办法想让马停下来，但都是徒劳。
※The boy rushed to the old man's house，his face covered with sweat．
男孩冲到老人家里，满脸是汗。
五、复合句
常用的复合句有定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。如：
※(2023·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)I firstly expressed my gratitude to my beloved teacher and said，“What you said gave me a great deal of encouragement，which inspired my motivation for writing．I wouldn't have succeeded without your help．”
我首先对我敬爱的老师表示感谢，并说：“您说的话给了我很大的鼓励，激发了我写作的动力。没有您的帮助，我不可能取得成功。”
※Eagerly，the twins gazed at their mother，whose eyes were filled with tears of thrill．
双胞胎热切地注视着妈妈，她的眼里充满激动的泪水。
※That's why Anna was surprised the following day when Bobby had made several ads．
这就是第二天鲍比做了几个广告时安娜感到惊讶的原因。
※Cold and tired though we were，the kids' smiling faces cheered us up．
虽然我们又冷又累，但孩子们的笑脸使我们振奋起来。
六、倒装句型
为了突出或强调句子中的某个部分，我们可以将其置于句首，形成倒装结构。如：
※Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away fled the thief．
听到狗凶猛的叫声，小偷逃走了。
※So surprised and moved was I that I couldn't say a word．
我既惊讶又感动，一句话也说不出来。
※Not only did we lose all our money，but we also lost our way．
我们不仅丢了所有的钱，还迷了路。
※Only when you find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others．
只有当你找到内心的平静时，你才能跟别人保持良好的关系。
※Never had Jane missed Tom so much．Even a quarrel would be sweet now．
简从来没有这么想念过汤姆。现在即使是争吵也会是甜蜜的。
七、强调句型
强调句型的基本结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。如：
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)It was at that time that I felt blessed to have met such a warm-hearted man like Gunter who had a heart of gold．
就在那个时候，我感到很幸运能遇到像冈特这样热心肠的人，他有着一颗金子般的心。
※(2023·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)It was at that moment that I was overwhelmed with gratitude to my teacher．
就在那一刻，我对老师充满了感激之情。
※It was not until then that I came to realize that we should always be honest．
直到那时我才意识到我们应该始终保持诚实。
八、虚拟语气
在表示假设的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气；表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。如：
※If it hadn't been for your help，the boy would have failed in the test．
要是没有你的帮助，这个男孩就会在测试中不及格。
※But for this experience，she wouldn't have realized that she should spend more time with her family．
如果没有这次经历，她就不会意识到她应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
※If only I had not made such a stupid mistake．
要是我过去没有犯这样一个愚蠢的错误就好了。
※It's high time that we focused/should focus our attention on our study．
该是我们把注意力集中在学习上的时候了。
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)Without his help，I couldn't have made it to the conference．
没有他的帮助，我不可能成功参加会议。
九、“无灵主语”句
“无灵主语”简单理解就是“没有生命的东西”作主语，比如时间、地点、自然现象等。比如“My love goes to everybody．”中love就是没有生命力的名词，但是go就是有生命力的动词。
“无灵主语”常用的有以下三种结构：
[结构1]　A wave of＋表情绪的名词＋特定的动词(短语)＋sb．
常见表情 绪的名词 happiness/joy/delight开心；warmth温暖，热情；gratitude/appreciation感激；admiration钦佩，赞赏；anger愤怒；rage/fury狂怒；sadness/sorrow悲伤；fear/terror/panic惊恐，害怕；guilt/regret愧疚，悔恨；astonishment/shock/surprise震惊；nervousness/anxiety/stress不安/焦虑/压力
常见特定的 动词(短语) seize突然侵袭；catch攫取(过去式caught)；surround围绕；sweep突然袭来(过去式swept)；take hold of控制；wash over (情绪)突然而深刻地袭来；come over (奇怪的或令人惊讶的情绪)攫住(某人)；envelop笼罩；overwhelm(感情或感觉)充溢，难以承受；surge over涌动
※Uncontrollably，a wave of regret washed over me as I heard the bad news．
听到这个坏消息时，一股悔恨的情绪不受控制地于我心头升腾。
※A wave of astonishment swept over me．
一阵惊愕席卷了我。
※A wave of warmth surged over Jennifer's heart．
一阵暖意涌上詹妮弗的心头。
※A wave of panic seized her，but she forced herself to leave the house calmly．
感到一阵惊慌侵袭，但她强迫自己冷静地离开了房间。
[结构2]　①The sight/thought of sth．＋made＋sb．＋表情绪的形容词 ②The sight/thought of sth．＋filled＋sb．＋with＋表情绪的名词
常见表情绪 的形容词 happy/joyful/excited快乐的，高兴的，兴奋的；angry愤怒的；bored无聊的；upset心烦的；terrified/frightened恐惧的，害怕的；jealous嫉妒的；lonely孤独的；sad伤心的；shocked/astonished吃惊的，震惊的
常见表情 绪的名词 同[结构1]
※The sight of the breakfast tray made her shocked．
看到早餐托盘，她大吃一惊。
※The thought of parting with the little creature made Mrs Grant sad because the children loved it very much．
一想到要和这个小动物分开，格兰特太太就很难过，因为孩子们非常喜欢它。
※The thought of the moment shared with my grandpa filled me with great joy．
一想到和爷爷一起度过的时光，我就很快乐。
注意：此句式也可以变为At the sight/thought of sth．，sb．did...，如上句可以换为“At the thought of the moment shared with my grandpa，I became greatly joyful．”。
[结构3]　①Sth．struck/hit/occurred to sb．某人突然想到某事。 ②It struck/hit/occurred to sb．that...某人突然想到……
※(2021·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)A good idea struck the twins that they could ask their father for help．
双胞胎突然想到一个好主意，他们可以向父亲求助。
※It never occurred to me that something like this would happen to my son years later．
我从来没有想过这样的事情会在多年后发生在我儿子身上。
十、巧用修辞手法
无论是在汉语还是在英语中，修辞都是一门具有独特魅力的艺术。在读后续写中，恰当地运用修辞手法可以使平淡的语言变得鲜活、生动，从而增强文章的表现力，也有助于获得高分。较为常用的修辞手法有比喻和拟人两种。
(一)比喻
比喻是根据事物之间的相似点，把某一事物比作另一事物，从而把抽象的事物说得具体、形象，把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白。常见的比喻形式有明喻和暗喻两种。
1．明喻通常是把被比喻的“本体”和用以比喻的“喻体”同时说出，说明本体事物像喻体事物。它是最简单、最常见的一种修辞手法，其常见的标志词有like，as，as if，as though等。
※Jenny couldn't resist her inner joy，flying into the door like a bird．(情感描写)
珍妮无法抑制内心的喜悦，像小鸟一样飞进了家门。
※The scenery along the journey is just like a breathtaking landscape painting．(景物描写)
沿途的风景就像一幅令人叹为观止的山水画。
※The icy wind started howling，cutting my face like a sharp knife．(环境描写)
寒风开始呼啸，像一把锋利的小刀刺痛了我的脸。
※The smile on her face was as vibrant as the sun on a summer day．(神态描写)
她脸上的笑容和夏天的太阳一样充满活力。
※I reached out to touch her face，which was as cold as the ice．(人物描写)
我伸手去摸她的脸，她的脸像冰一样凉。
※Her hair grew greyer and greyer，as if (it had been) covered with pure white snow and frost．(肖像描写)
她的头发越来越白了，简直像盖了一头皑皑的霜雪。
2．暗喻与明喻不同，暗喻不通过比喻词表现出来，而是直接将一种事物当成另一种事物来描写，此时两种事物之间的联系和相似之处都是暗含的。暗喻较明喻而言更加简洁，也更加生动、深刻，表现力强。
※Her hair was a golden river streaming down her shoulders．(肖像描写)
她的头发像是一条流淌在她肩头的金色河流。
※The beautiful park was a scented carpet of color．(景物描写)
那个美丽的公园就像一块芬芳的彩色地毯。
※I felt a lump in my throat，tears welling up in my eyes．(情感描写)
我的喉咙哽住了，泪水湿润了眼眶。
※The boy wolfed down the food．(动作描写)
这个男孩狼吞虎咽地吃完了食物。
(二)拟人
拟人就是把事物人格化，它既能生动形象地写出某事物的某个特点，又使事物具有拟人化后特有的具象效果。
※The breeze gently kissed her cheeks．(环境描写)
微风轻柔地亲吻着她的脸颊。
※The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air，making a beautiful picture．(景物描写)
羽毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞，构成了一幅美丽的图画。
※Fear seized/swallowed him．(情感描写)
恐惧把他吞噬了。
Anger choked my words．(情感描写)
我气得说不出话来。
(2025·全国二卷)
“What's your name？” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time．But for me，it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland．
The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English．For native speakers of English，some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce．My given name Qiuyu (秋雨)，for instance，happened to be a great challenge for many of them．Every time I gave a self-introduction，I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times，yet they still could not say it the way I did．
Once in a lecture，the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates，I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter．I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me．After all，I did care about how others would think of me．I realized that if I didn't stop，the entire lecture would be ruined．“It's okay，professor，” I shrugged (耸肩)．The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter．I forced a smile，unsure how to respond further．
After that incident，I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher”．Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name，I just smiled and nodded approvingly．This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain．However，I soon found that by doing so，I might be losing something more important: the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity．
注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
In a class discussion，I was invited to explain the meaning of my name．
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Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class．
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[润色续写语言]
In a class discussion，I was invited to explain the meaning of my name．1．____________________ (紧张而又兴奋。形容词短语作状语)，I rose to my feet．“My name，Qiuyu，combines the characters for autumn and rain in Chinese，” I began，2．____________________ (我的声音稳定。独立主格结构)．“Autumn represents harvest and maturity，while rain symbolizes nourishment and growth．Together，they embody a time of abundance and renewal．” As I spoke，I noticed the rapt attention of my classmates，3．______________________ (他们的眼睛流露出好奇与敬意。with的复合结构)．It was a moment of connection，a bridge built between cultures through the simple act of sharing my name．
Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class．They surrounded me，4．____________________________________ (他们的问题如潮水般不断涌现出来。独立主格结构＋比喻)．“What other names have beautiful meanings in Chinese？” “Can you teach us how to write our names in Chinese characters？” I smiled．5．______________________ (一股温暖的感觉涌遍了我的全身。无灵主语句)．6．______________________________________ (我拿出一张纸，开始勾勒出汉字的形状，并详细解释每一笔的含义及其作用。动作链描写)．7．____________________________ (正是通过这次互动。强调句型)I realized that by embracing my cultural identity，I was not only preserving my heritage but also enriching the lives of those around me．It was a small yet meaningful step towards fostering cultural understanding and appreciation．第三讲　学策略，营造高分亮点
如何构思续写情节
(2025·全国一卷)
My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer．She had prepared lots of snacks，while my job was to have the backyard in order．
There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play．There was just one thing I hadn't counted on： My brother chose to bring his dog Toby，a 50-pound ball of fire．Though friendly，he could easily knock over my niece's small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter．So，when my brother showed up，I asked him to watch Toby and keep him outside．
My plan was working out just fine．Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard and giving the kids plenty of room．Unexpectedly，after supper，the weather changed．It started to rain and everyone went indoors．
It was an awkward moment．I didn't want Toby to be running around in the house，and my brother wasn't happy with driving home with a wet dog．Eventually，my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue．
A few days passed，and I hadn't heard anything from my brother．I texted him and expressed wishes for him to come out again．His reply came as a surprise—a shock，actually： “Not a chance．” Clearly，he was unhappy over the way we had parted．After all，I had left him little choice．Well，he'll get over it，I reasoned．
Two months passed．My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother，but I resisted，thinking he should call first．However，my conscience (良心) kept bothering me．I tried to put myself in my brother's shoes．He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier．Toby was his constant companion，the one who kept him going．
注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
I realized it was I who was at fault． ___________________________________
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With the biscuits my wife had made，I arrived at my brother's door．
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一、思维导图法
思维导图(mind map)的使用可以贯穿整个续写的构思过程，既可以用来构思故事的结尾，也可以用来构思故事的中间部分。为了让故事情节不至于脱节，可用思维导图先确定整个故事的结局，然后再去构思细节内容。
[分析]
1．在思维导图中确定该步骤构思的核心词，比如，在确定结局的时候可写上Possible Endings，再把几种可能的结局列出来，并用辐射线把这些潜在的结局都连接到核心词上(如下图)。在厘清思路后，通过比较和排除选出最合适的结局。
2．从内容的合理性来看，第一、二个结局符合积极向上的价值观，而第三个结局不符合，故排除第三个结局。第一个结局聚焦 “矛盾化解”，实现了关系的 “修复”；而第二个结局在和解的基础上，体现了矛盾带来的成长与情感深化，更贴合原文中 “我” 的 “良心不安” 与 “换位思考”——不仅要道歉，更要真正走进对方的困境。因此选择第二个结局可能是优于选择第一个结局的。
3．接下来我们用思维导图来构思细节。第一段首句为“I realized it was I who was at fault．”，第二段首句为“With the biscuits my wife had made，I arrived at my brother's door．”。为了两段能够自然衔接，可以先确定第一段末句为“I asked my wife to bake his favorite oatmeal biscuits and planned to visit him the next morning．”。所以第一段的中间部分应描写my guilt and reflection。再对核心词进行发散思维，对情节展开想象。可绘制思维导图如下：
My guilt and reflection
·Memories： brother's lonely back when leaving
·Brother's situation： lost wife，facing health issues，Toby as only companion
·My neglect： focused on kids，ignored his situation
·Talk with wife： poured out regret，admitted being stubborn，failed to understand his loneliness
·Decision： apologize，make up for my mistake
二、表格法
1．在构思情节时，我们可以绘制一个简单的表格，把要考虑到的因素列举在表头，而下面列举的行数则意味着达到最终目标所需的步数。
2．由于读后续写的文体为记叙文，而在解读记叙文时，读者常常会理出故事线(明线)和情感线(暗线)。因此，构思情节时，我们可以通过思考故事发展的故事线和情感线来构思，而表格可以帮助我们厘清思路。故事线就是故事中人物的经历和所作所为，可以用动词来表示；而情感线就是故事中人物的内心感受，可以用形容词来表示。每个表格对应每个自然段，大概设计3到4个情节，即每个表格设计3到4行。
3．首先，相比思维导图法而言，表格法呈线性，主要从两方面入手——“What did the person do？”和“How did the person feel？”。其次，以表格法进行构思，可以体现故事发展的时间性，即按时间顺序开展情节。最后，表格兼顾了故事的发展和人物的心理变化，可以让续写内容更加清晰，情节更加丰满。
[分析]
第一段首句为“I realized it was I who was at fault．” 之前分析过该段的结局可以是“I asked my wife to bake his favorite oatmeal biscuits and planned to visit him the next morning．”。因此，我们用表格法构思，围绕my guilt and reflection展开。围绕这个问题，又从以下两方面细化：“How did I feel？(情感)”和“What did I do？(动作)”。
How did I feel？(情感) What did I do？(动作)
guilty and regretful recalled my brother's lonely back when he left that day
ashamed talked to my wife，pouring out my regret for being stubborn
determined asked my wife to bake his favorite oatmeal biscuits and planned to visit him the next morning
三、提问法
1．在构思续写两段的具体内容时，我们还可以通过自问自答的形式来构思情节，主要围绕What和How的问题来展开，每段可设计3到4个问题并回答。
2．续写部分两段首句已经规划了我们的写作思路和框架。因此，我们在写第一段时，必须参考第二段首句，即续写第一段末句必须与续写第二段首句自然衔接，形成完整的故事链条。
[分析]
第一段(I realized it was I who was at fault．)
1．What specific mistakes did I realize I had made
I realized I'd been too rigid，ignoring my brother's loneliness after losing his wife and his need for Toby's companionship，only focusing on my own worries about the kids．
2．What memories made my guilt stronger
The memories of my brother leaving with silent，heavy steps in the rain，and his cold reply“Not a chance”kept replaying，making me feel more remorseful．
3．How did I express my feelings to my wife
I told her I regretted being stubborn，admitted I hadn't put myself in my brother's shoes，and wanted to make it right．
4．What decision did I make to fix the relationship
I asked my wife to bake my brother's favorite oatmeal biscuits and planned to visit him the next morning to apologize．
第二段(With the biscuits my wife had made，I arrived at my brother's door．)
5．How did my brother react when he opened the door
He looked surprised at first，then his expression softened a little when he saw the biscuits in my hand．
6．What did I say to start the conversation
I apologized sincerely，“I'm sorry for being selfish that day．I know Toby means everything to you，and I should have thought more about your feelings．”
7．How did Toby respond to my presence
Toby，who was lying at my brother's feet，stood up，wagged his tail gently，and nuzzled my hand，as if sensing the attempt to mend the relationship．
8．Did we reach a reconciliation
My brother sighed，invited me in，and said，“I was too angry as well．Let's put it behind us．”We talked for hours，and the rift between us finally healed．
接着我们可以以这几个回答为框架，将其内容扩充丰富，从而完成一篇情节合理的续写短文。
如何营造故事冲突
故事情节是故事中最容易吸引人的地方，而情节中最能吸引人的就是故事冲突(干扰事件)。发生在主要人物身上的一系列“冲突”能使故事悬念迭出，吸引读者继续阅读。冲突能够推动情节的发展，使之走向高潮。由于续写词数的限制，冲突不易设置过多。冲突应主要聚焦主要人物对主要事件的抉择，即主要人物对主要事件的态度转变或人物性格的塑造。营造故事冲突的三个阶段和三个技巧如下：
一、营造冲突的三个阶段
(一)发现干扰事件，捕捉故事冲突
故事开始时，主要人物的生活一般来说很平静、稳定。如果没有干扰事件，故事就会平淡无奇。相反，如果故事中出现了一些干扰性事件(故事冲突)，那么主要人物的生活就会曲折起伏，故事就变得有吸引力。找到续写原文中的干扰事件，并尝试设计解决方案，这就是捕捉到了故事冲突。
(二)分析人物性格，推动冲突发展
故事中主、次人物的性格不同。积极的性格主要是热心、善良、温和、体贴、无私、坚毅、严厉等；消极的性格主要是冷酷、自私、怯懦、傲慢、粗暴、虚伪、吝啬、偏执等。只有通过分析，辨明主、次人物的性格，才能更好地推动冲突的发展。
(三)设计最后危机，结束故事冲突
续写部分的两段往往蕴含着故事的高潮和结局，这个高潮就是最后的“危机”，它可以加剧故事冲突，使情节更具有戏剧性，也可以结束故事冲突，使情节更加完整。营造最后的“危机”可以让读者与主要人物产生共鸣，从而提升故事的可读性。
二、营造冲突的三个技巧
(一)描写内心矛盾
描写人物的内心矛盾，有助于抓住读者的心，引发读者积极思考，让读者置身其中，有助于推动故事情节的发展。
[典例]　(2023·浙江1月卷范文)“Is she still OK Can I see her again Has the broken window been fixed？” I thought to myself．
[分析]　作者既希望蜂鸟能安然无恙，又渴望能再见到蜂鸟，还担心窗户没有修好。作者此时的内心冲突被放大了，其目的是吸引读者思考“蜂鸟真的会如作者所愿，再次安全出现而不是被困在房子里吗？”
(二)突出角色转变
角色转变是读后续写中的一个重要切入点，通过角色的变化来推动故事情节的发展。例如，一个角色可能从被动变为主动，或者从一个状态转变到另一个状态，这种转变可能是因为内在的觉醒，也可能是外在环境的改变所导致。
[典例]　(2023·浙江1月卷范文)It seemed as if the bird was waiting for me，its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep，unspoken gratitude．
[分析]　文中作者实际上是去找蜂鸟的，作者是主角，而此处却写道“蜂鸟似乎在等作者出现”。这时，蜂鸟成了主角，这种角色的转变，增强了故事的趣味性和吸引力。
(三)增加外部冲突
冲突带来紧迫感，可以将故事推向高潮。增加外部冲突就是在描写时，故意增加一种让人意想不到的事件来突显故事的曲折，这是一种明显有效的可以使故事达到高潮的方式。
[典例]　(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷范文)All the runners contested for the lead，just with David struggling to keep up．Unluckily，he suddenly slipped over．Without hesitation，he picked himself up and ran slowly with heavy steps after the others into the forest trail．
[分析]　此处增加了David跑步时摔倒这一意外的冲突，突显了故事的曲折性，使故事更有紧迫感，并逐渐把故事推向高潮——David最后坚强地站起来，并坚持完成了比赛。
(2024·浙江1月卷)
Eva spent the first week of high school trying to keep her head above water．One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building．It was a six-storey building．On each floor，hallways stretched in four directions，leading to classrooms，laboratories，and teachers' offices．Somewhere in the building，there was also a library，a cafeteria，and a gym．
Having a poor sense of direction，Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building．All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about，let alone commit to memory．She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn't exist．
In her first P．E．class，Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside．She searched the faces of her classmates for signs of panic．There was nothing she feared more than having to run a whole mile．To Eva，“a mile” was used to describe long distances．It was ten miles from her home to her grandfather's，and that always seemed like a long way，even in a car!
When Coach Pitt blew his whistle(哨子)，Eva figured she would be left in the dust．However，while some of her classmates edged ahead，others actually fell behind．“It's just the beginning，” she thought．“I'll come in last for sure．”
Soon Eva began to breathe hard，with her heart pounding and legs shaking．Feeling desperate，Eva started using a mind trick on herself．She stopped thinking about the word “mile”．Instead，she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead．Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved(拐弯)．After that，she tried to see if she could complete her first lap．One lap turned into two，then three，then four．
注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
When Coach Pitt said “Nice work！” to her at the finish line，Eva was surprised．___________________________________________________________
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Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building．____________________________________________________________
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[高分思维]
1．故事概要
故事讲述了高中生Eva因为方向感不强，经常在学校里迷路。在一次体育课上，教练要求他们沿着校园跑步。Eva通过先到达树影，然后再到达下一个拐弯处，之后一圈一圈地跑的方法完成了一英里的跑步。之后她意识到可以用同样的方法去记忆学校的建筑，从而不再迷路。
2．角色与角色之间的冲突
内部冲突：高中生Eva方向感太差而记不住学校建筑的位置，在体育课上绕着学校跑，她害怕成为最后一名，心里非常紧张，缺乏自信。这种内心冲突给下文埋下了伏笔，暗示下文的情节发展方向。
3．高分范文
　　When Coach Pitt said“Nice work！”to her at the finish line，Eva was surprised．Looking around，she realized what her coach meant．Instead of being left in the dust，she found herself among the top three．“I just can't believe it，” Eva gasped，unable to contain her excitement．Her mouth curved up into a smile and her face lit up with a sense of confidence．The mind trick had worked wonders and the word “mile” was no longer a monster for her．She felt energetic，refreshed and powerful and believed she could overcome any obstacle in her life，including her poor sense of direction． Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building．She stopped racking her brains for which direction to go．Instead，she created a detailed map of the six-storey building，highlighting key landmarks with different colours．Breaking down the routes into smaller sections，she explored each day，one at a time．Days turned into weeks，and now navigating the huge building seemed like a piece of cake．This episode served as a reminder that with great determination and a clever mind trick，one can achieve anything and reach far． 范文赏析： ①情节合理，描写生动，语言连贯，前后衔接。 ②动作描写：look around、 gasp、curve up into a smile。 ③情感描写：unable to contain her excitement、 her face lights up。 ④高级词汇：be left in the dust、contain、curve up、work wonders、refreshed、powerful、obstacle、rack her brains、navigate、determination。 ⑤高级句式：Looking around是动词-ing形式作伴随状语；highlighting key landmarks with different colours是动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
如何设置衔接和吸睛结尾
“有效地使用了语句间的衔接手段，全文结构清晰，意义连贯”是读后续写最高档次的评分细则之一。根据此标准，考生在备考时必须注意从以下几处设计续写语言：首句接续、情节叙述、细节描写、段落过渡和故事结尾。本策略主要从首句接续、段落过渡和故事结尾三个方面讲解。
一、首句接续
续写部分所给的两段首句控制着故事的基本情节和发展方向，因此，接续好段落首句特别重要。接续首句时，注意从首句中人物的动作和情感入手，可以利用语法手段或细节描写进行接续。
(一)利用语法手段接续
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写第一段)I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news．Caught in such a dilemma，I could obviously feel a wave of helplessness and anxiety sweeping over me．(分词短语)
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写第二段)Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised．Delighted and excited，we agreed to meet at the same place where we last met．(形容词短语)
※(2022·浙江1月卷续写第一段)We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans．The more we met，the more I knew his ability．(固定句型)
(二)利用细节描写接续
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写第一段)I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news．He frowned instantly，hit by shock obviously．(动作描写)
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写第二段)Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised．A few minutes later，a taxi came into my sight，in which was exactly Gunter，still with friendly bright smile on his face．(场景描写)
※(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷续写第二段)I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation．Giggling instantly with a broad smile spreading on his face，he told me that he was proud of my wonderful performance．(神态描写)
※(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写第一段)We sat down next to each other，but David wouldn't look at me．A flood of sympathy and sadness surged in my heart．(心理描写)
二、段落过渡
续写部分的两个段落在情节上是自然顺承、连贯一致的故事片段。因此，两个段落之间的衔接过渡十分重要。续写过渡句时，要从时间、空间、逻辑意义或心理变化等角度考虑才能写好前后两段的过渡句。
(一)时间角度
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷续写第一段尾句) ... With a final push，Gunter sent me onto the bus at the last minute，and my new-found friend disappeared into the darkness of the night．(4天前的晚上)
(第二段首句)(4天后)Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised...
(二)空间角度
※(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷续写第一段尾句) ... Without hesitation，he wiped away the tears and struggled to his feet to embrace the challenge．(David擦干眼泪，站起来迎接挑战)
(第二段首句)(David走到起跑线上)I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners...
(三)逻辑意义
※(2021·浙江1月卷续写第一段尾句)...Then Mom told me she had just filmed me managing to pull my head out of the pumpkin．(视频被录制完成)
(第二段首句)(视频被发到网上)That video was posted the day before Halloween...
(四)心理变化
※(2024·浙江1月卷续写第一段尾句)...Eva's perspective shifted，and she began to see challenges as opportunities for growth rather than obstacles to overcome．(变得乐观)
(第二段首句)(信心更坚定)Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building．
三、故事结尾
在读后续写中，结尾发挥着非常重要的作用，精彩的结尾好似画龙点睛，让人回味无穷。常见的结尾方式有景物描写结尾、哲理性语言结尾、自然结尾等。考生应根据文章的主题，借助丰富的句子结构来打造完美的结尾。以下是常用的几种读后续写的结尾方法。
(一)首尾照应法
结尾与开头照应，有时可引用作者在开头的观点，甚至以与开头语一模一样的单词或短语结尾。结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，深化主题，起到画龙点睛的作用。但是注意一点，不要照搬开头的句子，要变化句式或者用不同的词来表达相同的主题。
※开头：I had an interesting childhood．It was filled with surprises and amusements，all because of my mother—loving，sweet，yet absent-minded and forgetful．One strange family trip we took when I was eleven tells a lot about her．
结尾：Despite mom's being absent-minded and forgetful，she is still a kind and nice mom．
※开头：It was summer，and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before．He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West．
结尾：Never had I had such a thrilling yet dangerous vacation before．The special trip to the Wild West was deeply engraved in my mind．
※开头：A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day．
结尾：What a funny day！Arthur couldn't stop laughing whenever he looked back on this funny experience．
(二)哲理寓意法
哲理式结尾，即在结尾用富含哲理性的语句总结全文，升华主旨，并给人以启示。其一般用于引申文意，起到“言已尽而意无穷”的效果，使文章的中心更突出。同学们平常可以积累一些富含哲理的段落或句子，若将之运用到文章的结尾，不仅能深化主题，而且能引人深思，给读者以有益的启迪。
※Since then，my teacher's encouraging words，just like a lighthouse in the mist，would always shine in the sky of my life．
从那时起，老师鼓励我的话语就像雾中的灯塔，永远照亮我生命的天空。
※Only then did I realize that it was bravery and determination that could conquer all the difficulties．Hard work paid off eventually．
那时我才明白，勇敢和决心可以战胜一切困难。努力终将得到回报。
※From then on，not only did I have a good command of writing，but I also knew the truth—fear never builds the future，but hope does．
从那时起，我不仅很好地掌握了写作，而且我也知道了一个真理：恐惧永远不会筑就未来，但希望可以。
※It is love that makes the world go round；just as a saying goes，“The fragrance always stays in the hand that gives the rose．”
是爱使世界转动，正如一句谚语所说：“赠人玫瑰，手有余香。”
※It dawned on me that a moment of kindness could mean so much to another，and that a simple act could make the world so much better．
我突然领悟到，片刻的善意对他人而言意义重大，一个简单的举动就能让世界变得更美好。
(三)以景结情法
在借景抒情时，同学们要选择具有美感的景物，在情景交融中回味文意，体会文章主旨。景物应简洁疏朗，结尾写景抓住一两个意象即可，景物过多则显得杂乱，冲淡了景物描写的作用，难以表现景物中蕴含的情感。写景忌简单罗列。
※With a shadow of a happy family cast on the window，I felt my little sister was the best gift I'd ever got．
一个幸福家庭的影子投射在窗户上，我觉得我的小妹妹是我得到的最好的礼物。
※As the sun began to rise，I knew that a new day had begun and with it，there was a new opportunity to chase my dreams and create the life I had always imagined．
当太阳开始升起，我就知道新的一天开始了，随之而来的是追逐梦想和创造我一直想象的生活的新机会。
※I believe in full blossom，Grandma's sitting peacefully in the sun，every flower carrying her previous hope，with Grandpa beside her，giggling like a child．
我相信在盛开的花朵中，奶奶正安详地坐在阳光下，每一朵花都承载着她以前的希望，爷爷在她身边咯咯地笑着，像个孩子。
※The wind murmured in the trees and the sunlight flooded in through the window，warming the whole room，as if freezing ice melted．
风在树间低语，阳光透过窗户洒进来，温暖了整个房间，就像寒冰融化了。
(四)对话收尾法
对话式结尾指文章以对话结束，此对话的特点包括：紧扣主线、意味深长、反映人物心理、揭示谜底、首尾呼应等。对话式结尾有时伴有相应的动作收尾，因为说完话总会有肢体动作伴随。使用这种结尾的前提是文章立意佳，否则就会弄巧成拙。
※She was so excited that she burst into tears and suddenly hugged me in her arms，sobbing，“This is the most meaningful gift I have ever received，and the most unforgettable Christmas I have ever had！”
她太激动了以至于哭了起来，并突然把我搂在怀里，抽泣着说：“这是我收到的最有意义的礼物，也是我度过的最难忘的圣诞节！”
※“That was a pretty good basketball match for a math whiz，” said Leon as he and Edward headed home．“Just like your math grade! It was a pretty good grade for a basketball all-star．”
“对于一个数学能手来说，这真是一场精彩的篮球比赛。”利昂在和爱德华结伴回家的路上说道：“就像你的数学成绩！对于一个篮球全明星来说，这是一个相当不错的成绩。”
※On hearing that，her eyes widened with excitement and her mouth opened．“Sister! I love you too，” she said heartily，and the smile on her face shone like a diamond．
听了这话，她兴奋地瞪大了眼睛，张大了嘴。“妹妹！我也爱你。” 她由衷地说着，脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
※They hung all the things back to the wall．Jack asked Paisley，“Are you really willing to lead a tough life with me？” She patted away the ashes on hands and looked at the walls with loads of stuff on them with satisfaction，saying，“Yes! For me，it is not a suffering to live．”
他们把所有的东西都挂回墙上。杰克问佩斯利：“你真的愿意和我一起过艰难的生活吗？”她拍了拍手上的灰，满意地看着挂满东西的墙，说道：“是的！对我来说，这样的生活并不是一种痛苦。”
(五)回忆式结尾
读后续写在末段经常发出回忆式感慨，在一种轻松的环境中，回忆之前的经历也是一个不错的选择。常用句型公式：Whenever I...，the sight of her doing sth．will invariably appear vividly before my eyes：...如：
※Whenever I stand looking about on the steps leading to the room，the sight of her saying goodbye to our home for the last time will invariably appear vividly before my eyes：Neatly dressed，she looked somewhat impatient and meanwhile also seemed to feel quite hopeful about things to come．
每当我站在通向房间的台阶上向四周张望时，她最后一次告别我们家的情景总是历历在目：她穿戴整齐，显得有些不耐烦，同时又似乎对未来充满希望。
(六)主题升华法
主题升华式结尾是指在续写文章结尾时，通过一句高度精练的话来对主题进行升华，使文章主题上升到一定的高度，给读者以启示。这种话往往是一些名言或谚语。
1．助人型主题
※He held the coins tightly，tears rolling down without control．It is love that makes the world go around，which Bernard felt deep in his heart．
他紧紧地攥着硬币，眼泪不受控制地流了下来。 正是爱让世界转动，伯纳德在他的心里深深地感受到了这一点。
※Whether rich or poor，we should be happy to do something for society．Thus we can learn that giving is the source of happiness．
无论贫富，我们都应该乐于为社会做点什么。 因此，我们会明白付出是幸福的源泉。
※Sometimes，a small act of kindness may be powerful enough to make a huge difference．
有时候，小小的善行可能足以带来巨大的改变。
2．成长型主题
※As a proverb says，“Every coin has two sides．” Making full use of your strengths is your achievement．Please remember that in no case should you give up，especially in trouble．
正如谚语所说：“事物都有两面性。”充分利用你的优势就是你的成就。请记住，无论如何你都不要放弃，尤其是在困境中。
※It's never too late to learn．Each individual has the right to accept more challenges and make more attempts．
学习永远为时不晚。每个人都有权利去接受更多的挑战，做更多的尝试。
※Actually，every individual possesses talent．Be brave when you find it and also make efforts．You can create miracles in the end．
事实上，每个人都有天赋。当你发现它的时候要勇敢，也要付出努力。最终你会创造奇迹。
※As long as we dare to dream and don't let difficulties get in our way，anything is possible．
只要我们敢于梦想，不被困难所阻挡，一切皆有可能。
※I smiled as I eventually realized the real source of confidence．Now，I am proud of what I look like and much happier，because I have realized it is your personality that decides who you truly are．
我笑了，因为我最终意识到了自信的真正来源。现在，我为我的样子感到骄傲，而且更快乐，因为我已经意识到，决定你真正是谁的是你的个性。
3．亲情型主题
※Someday，when I am older and have children of my own，I hope I can be just as great a parent as my mom．
有一天，当我长大了，有了自己的孩子，我希望我能成为和我妈妈一样伟大的母亲。
※Going through homelessness lets the family know that there will always be obstacles，but now with Dylan's great news，the future looks much brighter than before．
无家可归的经历让这家人知道总会有困难，但现在有了迪伦的好消息，未来看起来比以前更加光明了。
※It dawned on Alice that Dad was trying to tell her that rules are rules but love between family members never fails．
爱丽丝恍然大悟，爸爸是想告诉她，规则就是规则，但家庭成员之间的爱永不止息。
※Time took away so many happy moments of our family but left us something most important—“Honey，everything will be just fine！”
时间带走了我们家许多快乐的时刻，但也留给了我们最重要的东西——“亲爱的，一切都会好起来的！”
※With tears rolling down mother's weather-beaten face，she smiled and scooped her son into her arms．
泪水从母亲饱经风霜的脸上滚落下来，她微笑着把儿子抱在怀里。
4．脱险型主题
※She hugged her husband as tightly as possible，too thrilled to say anything．What an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there's always a way out as long as we never give up our hope．
她紧紧地抱住丈夫，激动得说不出话来。这是一段多么难忘的经历啊！ 事实证明，只要我们不放弃希望，就总有办法摆脱困境。
※Only then did I realize that action can cure fear and bravery can conquer difficulties．
只有那时我才意识到，行动能治愈恐惧，勇敢能战胜困难。
※Never should we give up hope whatever setbacks we are faced with．
不管我们遇到什么样的挫折，我们都不应该放弃希望。
※Never had I fallen into such a dangerous situation before．The experience was deeply engraved in my mind and reminded me to respect nature．
过去我从来没有遇到过那样危险的情形。那次经历深深刻在我心中，它提醒我要尊重自然。
5．人与动物型主题
※To her surprise，it looked as if all the people in the hall had changed into her doll animals，and she even saw her smiling Zoey the zebra standing at the back．
令她吃惊的是，大厅里的所有人似乎都变成了她的动物玩偶，她甚至看到了微笑着站在后面的斑马佐伊。
※The dog returned often，reminding us of his heroics and our own Christmas miracle．
这只狗经常回来，让我们想起他的英雄事迹和我们自己的圣诞奇迹。
※Only when we humans and animals live together in perfect harmony can we live a peaceful life．
只有当我们人类和动物完美和谐相处时，我们才能过上平静的生活。
Grandpa's Old Chair
It was the annual cleaning day for the family．John and his mom were busy cleaning the house．They cleaned upstairs，downstairs，inside and outside until everything was spotless．Exhausted，they sank into the couch．Just then，John's mom noticed an old chair that was faded and worn．That chair was for John's grandpa，who had lived with them since John's grandma died．
“John，come and help me．” John's mom sprang to her feet．“We'll take the chair outside．The garbage truck will pick up trash on our block tomorrow．”
As they attempted to move the chair，John's grandpa made his way through the door．Seeing what was happening，he quickly tried to stop them．“No！” he protested．“You can't take my chair．”
“But it's so old ...” John's mom argued．“We'll buy you a new one．”
“No，” he persisted，trying to push his chair back into place．
John's mom finally let go of the chair and left the room．With a sigh of relief，the old man sank into his chair and closed his eyes．
“Grandpa，why won't you let us get rid of the chair？” John asked．
“You don't understand，John．” His grandpa shook his head and said，“I sat in this chair with your grandma right here when I asked her to marry me．And I sat in this chair the night your father was born．Many years later，” Grandpa's voice broke，“I sat in this chair when the doctor called and told me that your grandma was ill．I was lost without her，but the chair gave me comfort and warmth．” The old man's sadness seemed to grow as he recalled that fateful (有重大影响的) day．
“I understand now．” John looked at his grandpa and said，“This is not just an old chair．It is more like a friend．”
“Yes，” he nodded．“We've gone through a lot together．”
However，that night，when John and his grandpa were asleep，John's mom and dad carried the chair outside．It was a starless night．Winter had crept in and snow fell silently from the black sky and covered Grandpa's chair with a blanket of white．
注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
The next morning，John was woken by the garbage truck pulling up to the house．______________________________________________________________
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Hearing this，John's mom looked at Grandpa and slowly walked towards him．________________________________________________________________
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[衔接过渡]
1．段首接续句
①第一段：He rushed downstairs and saw his grandpa looking outside through the window，tears rolling down his hollow cheeks．(用首句的主语接续；动作描写；分词作补语；独立主格结构)
②第二段：She handed Grandpa a tissue and said，“I'm sorry...I just didn't realize how much it meant to you．John and I will bring your chair back．”(用首句的主语接续；动作描写；宾语从句)
2．段落过渡句
(逻辑意义衔接)John then ran back inside and said，“Mom，you can't throw Grandpa's chair．It has been with him for decades and is like a devoted friend who has witnessed the most important moments in his life！”
3．故事结尾句
①自然式结尾：
John and his grandpa wholeheartedly agreed that the living room would be rather dull without this old chair．
②对话式结尾：
John's mom said，“I think we can redesign the style of the living room and decorate it again．This chair can add a little personality．”
如何润色续写内容
读后续写对语言综合运用能力要求更高。要增添“读后续写”的表达效果，不仅要有词汇量的积累，还要注意避免使用泛泛而谈的词汇，应该多使用具体的词汇使表达更加准确到位。只有准确、连续的动作和夸张丰富的表情以及细致的心理活动描写，才能让人物栩栩如生！
一、动作描写——动作链
在读后续写的写作过程中，成功的动作描写可以交代人物的身份、地位，可以反映人物心理活动的进程，也可以表现人物的性格特征。人物的动作或简单或复杂，都不是一下子就能完成的，细心观察才能捕捉到最能体现人物特征的慢镜头。因此，在描写动作时，要学会细化动作，把动作过程分解成一连串细微的动作，形成动作链，写出动作的连贯性，这样才能使描写具有画面感，使人物更立体。动作链有以下结构形式：
·动作A＋B＋and＋C ·句子＋-ing ·句子＋having done ·句子＋-ed ·句子谓语连动＋-ing
※He stopped the taxi，jumped in with the suitcase and told the driver，“Go to the police station，please．”
他拦下了出租车，拿着箱子跳进车里，然后对司机说：“请到警察局去。”
※The singer glanced at the audience，took a deep breath and began to sing．
这个歌手瞥了一眼观众，深吸了一口气，开始唱歌。
※She would get off the car excitedly，laughing and dancing around．
她会兴奋地下车，又笑又跳。
※The old man sat under the sunset，reading the newspaper and listening to the radio．
老人坐在夕阳下，看着报纸，听着收音机。
※Having queued for 3 hours，he was told that the ticket had been sold out．
排了3个小时的队后，他被告知票已经卖完了。
※Deeply moved by the story，the children began to cry．
孩子们被这个故事深深感动了，哭了起来。
※Poppy trotted to him and got up on his back legs，trying to lick his old friend．
(小狗)波比小跑到他跟前，站立起来，要舔他的老朋友。
※Tony rushed to Rose and threw his arms around her tightly without hesitation，wiping tears from her cheeks．
托尼毫不犹豫地冲向罗丝，紧紧地抱住她，帮她擦去脸颊上的泪水。
二、形容词(短语)作状语
形容词(短语)在句中作状语，可以表明主语所处的状态。如：
※Lost in the mountain for two days，these students were finally rescued by the local police．
这些学生在山里迷路两天后最终被当地警察救了出来。
※Speechless and happy，she held her son tightly into her arms，with tears welling up in her eyes．
她高兴得说不出话来，紧紧地将她的儿子拥入双臂，热泪盈眶。
三、with复合结构
with复合结构可以丰富句子的内容，其作用一般相当于一个状语从句，可以表示原因、条件、伴随、结果、方式等。如：
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news．“Sorry，I can't take cash out，” I said embarrassedly，with my face burning．
我跑回冈特那里，告诉他这个坏消息。“对不起，我无法取出现金。”我尴尬地说着，脸发烫。
※(2023·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)There was nobody inside．I slipped in and gingerly set the trophy on my teacher's desk with a note attached，saying，“It's a glory for both of us！Your inspiration seems a beacon guiding my way ahead．”
里面没有人。我溜进去，小心翼翼地把奖杯放在老师的桌子上，并附上一张纸条，上面写着：“这是我们俩共同的荣耀！你的鼓舞就像指引我前进的灯塔。”
四、独立主格结构
独立主格结构的构成为“名词/代词＋动词-ing形式/过去分词/不定式/形容词/介词短语”，其作用相当于一个状语从句。如：
※I embraced my father without a word，tears streaming．
我默默拥抱着父亲，泪流满面。
※She thought of Tom，memories flooding out as she closed her eyes and recalled the kindness of him．
她想起了汤姆，当她闭上眼睛，回忆起他的友善时，往事涌上心头。
※My heart pumping wildly and my blood pulsing through my veins，I pulled back the reins，distracted the horse and tried every means to stop the horse but in vain．
我的心在狂跳，血液在静脉中跳动，我拉住缰绳，转移马的注意力，用尽一切办法想让马停下来，但都是徒劳。
※The boy rushed to the old man's house，his face covered with sweat．
男孩冲到老人家里，满脸是汗。
五、复合句
常用的复合句有定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。如：
※(2023·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)I firstly expressed my gratitude to my beloved teacher and said，“What you said gave me a great deal of encouragement，which inspired my motivation for writing．I wouldn't have succeeded without your help．”
我首先对我敬爱的老师表示感谢，并说：“您说的话给了我很大的鼓励，激发了我写作的动力。没有您的帮助，我不可能取得成功。”
※Eagerly，the twins gazed at their mother，whose eyes were filled with tears of thrill．
双胞胎热切地注视着妈妈，她的眼里充满激动的泪水。
※That's why Anna was surprised the following day when Bobby had made several ads．
这就是第二天鲍比做了几个广告时安娜感到惊讶的原因。
※Cold and tired though we were，the kids' smiling faces cheered us up．
虽然我们又冷又累，但孩子们的笑脸使我们振奋起来。
六、倒装句型
为了突出或强调句子中的某个部分，我们可以将其置于句首，形成倒装结构。如：
※Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away fled the thief．
听到狗凶猛的叫声，小偷逃走了。
※So surprised and moved was I that I couldn't say a word．
我既惊讶又感动，一句话也说不出来。
※Not only did we lose all our money，but we also lost our way．
我们不仅丢了所有的钱，还迷了路。
※Only when you find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others．
只有当你找到内心的平静时，你才能跟别人保持良好的关系。
※Never had Jane missed Tom so much．Even a quarrel would be sweet now．
简从来没有这么想念过汤姆。现在即使是争吵也会是甜蜜的。
七、强调句型
强调句型的基本结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。如：
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)It was at that time that I felt blessed to have met such a warm-hearted man like Gunter who had a heart of gold．
就在那个时候，我感到很幸运能遇到像冈特这样热心肠的人，他有着一颗金子般的心。
※(2023·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)It was at that moment that I was overwhelmed with gratitude to my teacher．
就在那一刻，我对老师充满了感激之情。
※It was not until then that I came to realize that we should always be honest．
直到那时我才意识到我们应该始终保持诚实。
八、虚拟语气
在表示假设的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气；表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。如：
※If it hadn't been for your help，the boy would have failed in the test．
要是没有你的帮助，这个男孩就会在测试中不及格。
※But for this experience，she wouldn't have realized that she should spend more time with her family．
如果没有这次经历，她就不会意识到她应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
※If only I had not made such a stupid mistake．
要是我过去没有犯这样一个愚蠢的错误就好了。
※It's high time that we focused/should focus our attention on our study．
该是我们把注意力集中在学习上的时候了。
※(2024·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)Without his help，I couldn't have made it to the conference．
没有他的帮助，我不可能成功参加会议。
九、“无灵主语”句
“无灵主语”简单理解就是“没有生命的东西”作主语，比如时间、地点、自然现象等。比如“My love goes to everybody．”中love就是没有生命力的名词，但是go就是有生命力的动词。
“无灵主语”常用的有以下三种结构：
[结构1]　A wave of＋表情绪的名词＋特定的动词(短语)＋sb．
常见表情绪的名词 happiness/joy/delight开心；warmth温暖，热情；gratitude/appreciation感激；admiration钦佩，赞赏；anger愤怒；rage/fury狂怒；sadness/sorrow悲伤；fear/terror/panic惊恐，害怕；guilt/regret愧疚，悔恨；astonishment/shock/surprise震惊；nervousness/anxiety/stress不安/焦虑/压力
常见特定的动词(短语) seize突然侵袭；catch攫取(过去式caught)；surround围绕；sweep突然袭来(过去式swept)；take hold of控制；wash over (情绪)突然而深刻地袭来；come over (奇怪的或令人惊讶的情绪)攫住(某人)；envelop笼罩；overwhelm(感情或感觉)充溢，难以承受；surge over涌动
※Uncontrollably，a wave of regret washed over me as I heard the bad news．
听到这个坏消息时，一股悔恨的情绪不受控制地于我心头升腾。
※A wave of astonishment swept over me．
一阵惊愕席卷了我。
※A wave of warmth surged over Jennifer's heart．
一阵暖意涌上詹妮弗的心头。
※A wave of panic seized her，but she forced herself to leave the house calmly．
感到一阵惊慌侵袭，但她强迫自己冷静地离开了房间。
[结构2]　①The sight/thought of sth．＋made＋sb．＋表情绪的形容词 ②The sight/thought of sth．＋filled＋sb．＋with＋表情绪的名词
常见表情绪的形容词 happy/joyful/excited快乐的，高兴的，兴奋的；angry愤怒的；bored无聊的；upset心烦的；terrified/frightened恐惧的，害怕的；jealous嫉妒的；lonely孤独的；sad伤心的；shocked/astonished吃惊的，震惊的
常见表情绪的名词 同[结构1]
※The sight of the breakfast tray made her shocked．
看到早餐托盘，她大吃一惊。
※The thought of parting with the little creature made Mrs Grant sad because the children loved it very much．
一想到要和这个小动物分开，格兰特太太就很难过，因为孩子们非常喜欢它。
※The thought of the moment shared with my grandpa filled me with great joy．
一想到和爷爷一起度过的时光，我就很快乐。
注意：此句式也可以变为At the sight/thought of sth．，sb．did...，如上句可以换为“At the thought of the moment shared with my grandpa，I became greatly joyful．”。
[结构3]　①Sth．struck/hit/occurred to sb．某人突然想到某事。 ②It struck/hit/occurred to sb．that...某人突然想到……
※(2021·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)A good idea struck the twins that they could ask their father for help．
双胞胎突然想到一个好主意，他们可以向父亲求助。
※It never occurred to me that something like this would happen to my son years later．
我从来没有想过这样的事情会在多年后发生在我儿子身上。
十、巧用修辞手法
无论是在汉语还是在英语中，修辞都是一门具有独特魅力的艺术。在读后续写中，恰当地运用修辞手法可以使平淡的语言变得鲜活、生动，从而增强文章的表现力，也有助于获得高分。较为常用的修辞手法有比喻和拟人两种。
(一)比喻
比喻是根据事物之间的相似点，把某一事物比作另一事物，从而把抽象的事物说得具体、形象，把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白。常见的比喻形式有明喻和暗喻两种。
1．明喻通常是把被比喻的“本体”和用以比喻的“喻体”同时说出，说明本体事物像喻体事物。它是最简单、最常见的一种修辞手法，其常见的标志词有like，as，as if，as though等。
※Jenny couldn't resist her inner joy，flying into the door like a bird．(情感描写)
珍妮无法抑制内心的喜悦，像小鸟一样飞进了家门。
※The scenery along the journey is just like a breathtaking landscape painting．(景物描写)
沿途的风景就像一幅令人叹为观止的山水画。
※The icy wind started howling，cutting my face like a sharp knife．(环境描写)
寒风开始呼啸，像一把锋利的小刀刺痛了我的脸。
※The smile on her face was as vibrant as the sun on a summer day．(神态描写)
她脸上的笑容和夏天的太阳一样充满活力。
※I reached out to touch her face，which was as cold as the ice．(人物描写)
我伸手去摸她的脸，她的脸像冰一样凉。
※Her hair grew greyer and greyer，as if (it had been) covered with pure white snow and frost．(肖像描写)
她的头发越来越白了，简直像盖了一头皑皑的霜雪。
2．暗喻与明喻不同，暗喻不通过比喻词表现出来，而是直接将一种事物当成另一种事物来描写，此时两种事物之间的联系和相似之处都是暗含的。暗喻较明喻而言更加简洁，也更加生动、深刻，表现力强。
※Her hair was a golden river streaming down her shoulders．(肖像描写)
她的头发像是一条流淌在她肩头的金色河流。
※The beautiful park was a scented carpet of color．(景物描写)
那个美丽的公园就像一块芬芳的彩色地毯。
※I felt a lump in my throat，tears welling up in my eyes．(情感描写)
我的喉咙哽住了，泪水湿润了眼眶。
※The boy wolfed down the food．(动作描写)
这个男孩狼吞虎咽地吃完了食物。
(二)拟人
拟人就是把事物人格化，它既能生动形象地写出某事物的某个特点，又使事物具有拟人化后特有的具象效果。
※The breeze gently kissed her cheeks．(环境描写)
微风轻柔地亲吻着她的脸颊。
※The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air，making a beautiful picture．(景物描写)
羽毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞，构成了一幅美丽的图画。
※Fear seized/swallowed him．(情感描写)
恐惧把他吞噬了。
※Anger choked my words．(情感描写)
我气得说不出话来。
(2025·全国二卷)
“What's your name？” is a question most frequently asked when people meet for the first time．But for me，it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland．
The pronunciation system of the Chinese language is quite different from that of English．For native speakers of English，some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce．My given name Qiuyu (秋雨)，for instance，happened to be a great challenge for many of them．Every time I gave a self-introduction，I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times，yet they still could not say it the way I did．
Once in a lecture，the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates，I really did not know whether I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter．I feared that my classmates might grow tired of my efforts or even lose patience with me．After all，I did care about how others would think of me．I realized that if I didn't stop，the entire lecture would be ruined．“It's okay，professor，” I shrugged (耸肩)．The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter．I forced a smile，unsure how to respond further．
After that incident，I stopped acting as a “Chinese teacher”．Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name，I just smiled and nodded approvingly．This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain．However，I soon found that by doing so，I might be losing something more important： the opportunity to share a small part of my cultural identity．
注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
In a class discussion，I was invited to explain the meaning of my name．______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class．_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[润色续写语言]
In a class discussion，I was invited to explain the meaning of my name．1．Nervous yet excited (紧张而又兴奋。形容词短语作状语)，I rose to my feet．“My name，Qiuyu，combines the characters for autumn and rain in Chinese，” I began，2．my voice steady (我的声音稳定。独立主格结构)．“Autumn represents harvest and maturity，while rain symbolizes nourishment and growth．Together，they embody a time of abundance and renewal．” As I spoke，I noticed the rapt attention of my classmates，3．with their eyes reflecting curiosity and respect (他们的眼睛流露出好奇与敬意。with的复合结构)．It was a moment of connection，a bridge built between cultures through the simple act of sharing my name．
Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class．They surrounded me，4．their questions pouring out like a flood (他们的问题如潮水般不断涌现出来。独立主格结构＋比喻)．“What other names have beautiful meanings in Chinese？” “Can you teach us how to write our names in Chinese characters？” I smiled．5．A wave of warmth washed over me (一股温暖的感觉涌遍了我的全身。无灵主语句)．6．I took out a piece of paper and began to sketch out characters，explaining each stroke and its significance (我拿出一张纸，开始勾勒出汉字的形状，并详细解释每一笔的含义及其作用。动作链描写)．7．It was through this interaction that (正是通过这次互动。强调句型)I realized that by embracing my cultural identity，I was not only preserving my heritage but also enriching the lives of those around me．It was a small yet meaningful step towards fostering cultural understanding and appreciation．
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