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题型组合练(三十一)
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了皮肤老化与全身老化的关系，以及科学家对此的研究和探索，同时涉及了抗衰老的方法和防晒的重要性。
1．D　[段落大意题。第二段第一句描述了随着皮肤老化，细胞进入衰老状态；第二句提到清除衰老细胞的机制衰退，衰老细胞在组织中积聚；最后一句表明这些细胞的积聚是老年常见病症的直接诱因。因此，第二段主要讲述了皮肤老化的后果。故选D。]
2．C　[词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“but，in a year，we will have experimental data”可知，但一年后，我们将获得实验数据。由此可推知，目前证据仍然不牢固。fragile意为“脆弱的，不牢固”，与insubstantial意思相近。故选C。]
3．C　[细节理解题。根据第四段第三、四句“Aging skin is worse than young skin at pretty much everything it is supposed to do，says a plastic surgeon．Its barrier functions weaken，wounds are slower to heal，sensitivity to touch declines and its ability to defend diseases is weakened．”可知，老化皮肤的屏障功能会减弱，即其屏障功能较差。故选C。]
4．B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，皱纹治疗不应只被看作是表面的事情，而是保持生理年轻和健康的重要部分。由此推知，皱纹治疗对健康很重要。故选B。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了间歇性禁食这一流行的饮食方式，包括其具体做法、可能的健康益处、相关研究结果以及潜在风险。
5．D　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“One popular variant，the ‘5 2 diet’，requires eating either very small amounts，or nothing at all，on two days a week，but allows normal eating on the other five．”可知，间歇性禁食的核心是特定时间禁食，其他时间正常饮食。D项“一名职员平时正常吃饭，但周一和周四禁食”符合这一描述。故选D。]
6．C　[推理判断题。根据第四段第四句“But running definitive human trials of the sort done on lab animals is impossible．”可推知，像动物实验那样对人类进行间歇性禁食的严格试验是不可行的。故选C。]
7．D　[推理判断题。全文作者既提到间歇性禁食的潜在益处(如减肥、延长寿命等)，也提到研究结果的不确定性(Their results are mixed．)和潜在风险(如肌肉流失、免疫系统减弱)，并未表现出明显的倾向性。因此，作者的态度是客观中立的。故选D。]
8．B　[标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了间歇性禁食这种流行的饮食方式，包括它的具体模式、作为减肥策略的优点、在动物研究中的潜在益处等，但它是怎样达到这些功效的尚未揭晓，说明它是一种受欢迎但又比较神秘的饮食方式。因此，B项“间歇性禁食：一种流行但神秘的饮食法”最能概括全文主旨。故选B。]
Ⅱ．1－5　BACDB　6－10　ACDBA　11－15　CDBAC
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍每天吃鸡蛋对身体的影响，包括可能提升大脑功能、有助于眼睛健康、增强肌肉和骨骼以及带来更持久的饱腹感等方面。
1．G　[上文总述鸡蛋的营养价值和对健康的益处，后文分段落具体说明鸡蛋对大脑、眼睛、肌肉骨骼和饱腹感的影响。G项承上启下。故选G。]
2．F　[上文指出鸡蛋中的胆碱增进脑细胞的沟通，“like a well organized delivery system”类比其高效性。F项中的“This”指代前文胆碱的作用，具体举例说明记忆力提升的应用场景，衔接自然。故选F。]
3．D　[根据上文可知，本段围绕眼睛健康展开，提到鸡蛋中的天然物质阻挡有害光线、蛋黄护眼营养多于胡萝卜、减少眼疲劳。D项总结本段内容，指出鸡蛋的护眼效果。故选D。]
4．E　[空前指出鸡蛋的蛋白质帮助肌肉修复，维生素D与钙、磷协作强化骨骼；空后强调了鸡蛋帮助肌肉生长和保持骨骼强壮。E项具体说明了维生素D与其他营养素的协同作用，承接上文骨骼健康的论述。故选E。]
5．B　[空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文可知，本段主要讲述的是鸡蛋可以让人产生饱腹感，从而减少短期进食和吃零食的欲望。B项总结了本段内容，与本段主旨相符。故选B。]题型组合练(三十一)
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：47.5分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·江苏苏锡常镇二模)
“If your skin is getting older，you are getting older，so be careful，” says Claudia Cavadas at the University of Coimbra，Portugal．Could our fight to remove wrinkles help restore youth both inside and out
As skin ages，more and more cells enter a lifeless state called senescence (衰老)．As time marches on，the mechanisms (机制) for clearing senescent cells out start to decline and they build up in tissues．This is bad news．The build-up of these cells has been shown to be a direct cause of some of the conditions that are generally more common in older age．
To support her assumption around wrinkles driving whole-body ageing，Cavadas is planning to test experimental drugs on animal models of aging skin．“The evidence is still fragile，but，in a year，we will have experimental data，” she says．
Whether resisting skin ageing resists whole-body ageing will need to be seen．But there is another good reason to slow down skin ageing at least．Aging skin is worse than young skin at pretty much everything it is supposed to do，says a plastic surgeon．Its barrier functions weaken，wounds are slower to heal (康复)，sensitivity to touch declines and its ability to defend diseases is weakened．
How about anti-wrinkle creams At present，there is limited evidence that they are genuine anti-ageing treatments．We do，however，have one method for preventing skin ageing：sunscreen，which absorbs UV rays before they do damage to the skin．It is never too soon to start．Even though the first visible signs of skin ageing usually don't appear until our mid-20s，the potential processes are under way much earlier．
Apparently，wrinkle treatment should no longer be seen as a “skin-deep” thing，but as a vital part of staying biologically young and healthy．Everyone should pay attention to that，because we all have skin in this game．
1．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．The definition of senescence．
B．The causes of skin ageing．
C．The process of cell declining．
D．The consequences of skin ageing．
2．What does the underlined word “fragile” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Artificial．　　　　 B．Considerable．
C．Insubstantial． D．Convincing．
3．Which is a disadvantage of the aged skin
A．It tends to be sensitive to touches．
B．The cut on it recovers quickly．
C．The barrier functions work poorly．
D．It stops guarding against diseases．
4．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．Anti-wrinkle creams are quite useful．
B．Wrinkle treatment is important to health．
C．Sunscreen may pose potential risk to the skin．
D．Wrinkle treatment is a practice proven skin-deep．
B
(2025·湖南师范大学附属中学二模)
Diets come and diets go．One of the most popular today is “intermittent fasting”，which limits one's food intake to certain time windows．One popular variant，the “5-2 diet”，requires eating either very small amounts，or nothing at all，on two days a week，but allows normal eating on the other five．
As a weight-loss strategy，intermittent fasting is simple—no calorie counting or major dietary changes．Limiting the restrictions to a couple of days a week，or several hours a day also requires less willpower，which might make it easier to stick with．
Nichola Ludlam-Raine，a dietitian and spokeswoman for the British Dietetic Association，notes that intermittent fasting seems to work roughly as well for weight loss as traditional calorie-counting does．Beyond weight management，animal studies suggest fasting may extend lifespan by up to 40%，slow ageing，and reduce cancer risk．
Exactly how it does all that is not entirely clear．One important factor seems to be autophagy (细胞自噬)，the process by which cells break down and recycle parts of themselves．The hope is that intermittent fasting might have a similar response in humans，since we share these biological responses with other animals．But running definitive human trials of the sort done on lab animals is impossible．“When we say calorie restriction，we mean nearly starving the animals，” says Adam Collins，a nutrition researcher at the University of Surrey．
Current research on intermittent fasting relies on limited，short-term studies using moderate biomarkers like insulin (胰岛素)/ cholesterol (胆固醇) levels．Their results are mixed．A review paper published in April 2024 looked at 23 other studies and concluded that intermittent fasting was slightly better than ordinary dieting for overweight people when it came to improving levels of cholesterol and insulin．A similar article，published in January，found no meaningful difference for either weight loss or cardiovascular (心血管的) health．
There are also risks．A study in mice published in Nature in October 2024 found that severe fasting had downsides，including muscle mass loss and，possibly，weakened immune systems．Moderation，too，should be taken in moderation．
5．Which of the following is practicing intermittent fasting
A．An athlete strictly controlling fat intake as the coach requires．
B．A TV host weighing all food to count calories before eating．
C．An office worker trying to lose weight by eating only 2 meals every day．
D．A clerk on regular meals but skipping meals on Mondays and Thursdays．
6．What can be inferred from paragraph 4
A．Fasting affects humans and animals in the same way．
B．Calorie restriction for animals is milder than for humans．
C．Human trials like animal ones for intermittent fasting are no-go．
D．Autophagy plays a definite role in explaining the benefits of fasting．
7．What is the author's attitude towards intermittent fasting
A．Enthusiastic． B．Subjective．
C．Favorable． D．Impartial．
8．Which is the best title for the passage
A．The Secrets of Fasting：A Scientific Warning
B．Intermittent Fasting：A Popular but Mysterious Diet
C．Calorie Counting vs Fasting：Which Works Better
D．From Animal to Human：The Science Behind Fasting
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·江苏南京六校联合体联考)
Everyone needs comfort when they are in the process of recovering from a major health crisis．Patients who have their families around can get access to some 1 support when they ask for it．But when a kid woke up from surgery and asked to get a hug，a nurse 2 ．This incident took place in Pennsylvania where 5-year-old Thompson was getting 3 at the hospital．
4 ，Hager was on duty during Thompson's treatment and surgery．When she went to attend to the little boy，he had a(n) 5 for her．The boy just wanted a warm hug from his mother．But she couldn't be there，so Hager 6 his mother and comforted the little boy．
“We had been in the children's hospital．We were kind of nervous，” Thompson's mother Layla said．After the operation was 7 ，Layla was told that her son was awake．But before they could allow the mother to 8 her son，the nurses had to check Thompson's vital signs．“When I told him Mom couldn't be there，he 9 if I'd hug him and I said，‘Sure，’” Hager said．
Witnessing Hager's act of kindness，Layla's 10 for her son disappeared．Hager not only did her duty but also set an example to others in her 11 to go beyond their call of duty． 12 ，Hager was modest，just saying，“Anyone working there would have done the same thing．”
The hospital left a post online to 13 this sweet moment between Thompson and Hager．“As a nurse，providing care is one thing，but ensuring our patients are calm and comfortable 14 just as much．We thank our nurses for taking time to make personal 15 with patients，” the post read．
1．A．moral　　　　　　　 B．emotional
C．technical D．economic
2．A．agreed B．hesitated
C．avoided D．checked
3．A．involved B．caught
C．treated D．injured
4．A．Regularly B．Generally
C．Eventually D．Thankfully
5．A．suggestion B．request
C．offer D．choice
6．A．replaced B．informed
C．engaged D．visited
7．A．taken out B．picked out
C．carried out D．locked out
8．A．help B．protect
C．find D．meet
9．A．knew B．asked
C．felt D．guessed
10．A．concern B．fear
C．anger D．doubt
11．A．life B．mind
C．profession D．future
12．A．Moreover B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．However
13．A．enjoy B．document
C．recall D．predict
14．A．matters B．doubles
C．pays D．exists
15．A．promises B．decisions
C．connections D．comments
Ⅲ．七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·河北石家庄三模)
Being one of the most varied foods，eggs are a great addition to any diet．Not only are they easier to add to just about any meal，but they are also incredibly nutritious and support overall health． 1
You may experience better brain function．Eggs provide choline—a key substance that enhances communication between brain cells，ensuring messages are delivered efficiently like a well-organized delivery system．Thus，eating eggs regularly can strengthen your memory． 2 What's more，the nutrients in eggs act like brain fuel，keeping you focused during classes or while doing homework．
You may have healthier eyes．Eating eggs helps protect your eyes with natural substances that act as natural sunglasses，blocking harmful light like screen blue light．Egg yolks contain more eye-guarding nutrients than carrots，reducing eye fatigue(疲劳)during study sessions． 3
You can have stronger muscles and bones．Eggs provide quality protein for muscle repair after exercise，while their vitamin D works with other nutrients like calcium and phosphorus to strengthen bones． 4 Regular consumption supports muscle growth during daily activities and keeps bones strong．
5 It may seem like other foods are much better at making you feel full，but eggs are actually an excellent selection．They are the ideal mix of protein and fat and can be extremely satisfying and filling．By consuming more eggs，you are able to significantly decrease short-term food and snacks．
A．You can get more energy quickly．
B．You can feel satisfied for longer time．
C．Eggs are a good source when you're busy．
D．So regular egg consumption helps maintain clear vision．
E．They can help maintain bone structure and prevent weakness．
F．This makes it easier to remember school lessons or daily tasks．
G．When you eat eggs every day，this is what happens to your body．

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