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题型组合练(五)
(建议用时：45分钟　总分：47.5分)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·浙江台州二模)
Olivia and I became instant friends in a writing class many years ago．I made a joke about a poorly crafted story．While others just stared blankly，Olivia laughed．That moment marked the beginning of our bond．It's an example of how friendship often forms unexpectedly．
Recent research reveals that the development of closeness is actually more complex．Sociologists and psychologists have identified delicate but profound factors that draw people together，and even determine what defines a “best friend”．These interactions are extremely small but important；they are the “dark matter” of friendship．
Closeness and routine encounters lay the foundation for friendship．A classic study has shown that people often befriend those whom they regularly interact with—neighbors，colleagues or classmates．However，physical closeness alone isn't enough．Shared interests like hobbies or humor spark connections．In reality，true friendship blossoms when we go deeper and open up to each other．
Self-disclosure marks the shift from casual acquaintance to true friendship．A simple “Can I talk to you for a minute？” might initiate a deeper connection．As Sociologist Beverley Fehr explains in her book Friendship Processes，transforming from acquaintanceship to friendship involves gradually sharing more personal information．It's a reciprocal (互惠的) process：one person opens up，and the other responds in kind．
Reciprocity is the most decisive factor in developing friendship．When I started my first job in a bookstore，I grew close to an assistant．Almost every day we shared lunch with each other and bonded while working for a difficult boss．However，when she moved to a new job，our relationship began to change．I started sharing more about my personal life，but she never did the same．Eventually，our lunches petered out to once a month，before she drifted out of my life for good．I was eager to tell her my problems，but she was unwilling to share hers．The necessary reciprocity was missing，so our acquaintanceship never tipped over into friendship．
1．Why is Olivia mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To show a keen interest in writing．
B．To describe a mixed reaction to a joke．
C．To initiate the topic of friendship formation．
D．To illustrate the importance of humour sense．
2．What does “dark matter” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Conflict-free social factors．
B．Simple yet close connections．
C．Non-light-emitting materials．
D．Minute but significant interactions．
3．What stopped the author developing friendship with the assistant
A．The author's talkative personality．
B．The company's tight schedule．
C．The assistant's unresponsive behaviour．
D．The boss' unpleasant character．
4．What contributes most to a true friendship
A．Regular meeting．　　B．Mutual openness．
C．Common ground． D．Comfortable distance．
B
(2025·广东广州二模)
Most of us maintain an informal mental rank of our friendships．My friend R．went a step further by ranking his friends on a computer document．
The young man found himself dissatisfied with his social life—busy yet unfulfilled，and he built his friend list to diagnose why．He found that he had a small group of first-tier friends and a huge number of acquaintances．But the friends who caused him the most burden and stress were those in the middle ranks．Call them the “medium friends”．
R．told me about a certain friend．They were close during college but by their 30s，R．simply did not feel as connected to her as he once did．When this friend recently reached out for his support，his initial reaction was annoyance，followed by guilt．But she was pressing him in a way that felt too heavy，given what their friendship had become．He wrestled but did nothing．Emily Langan，a communication professor who studies friendship，described this as feeling guilty for not being more involved because they were just not that kind of friend．
Medium friends are genuine friends who share history or interests．They make you laugh or offer insights．But，unlike the closest friends，medium friends test the limits of your time，love and energy．There are so many dinners in a week，and so many people with whom you can be constantly texting．Medium friends prove it impossible to be all things to all people．And that is the problem with medium friends，the invisible lines you draw around them without ever being clarified—to them or even，possibly，to yourself．
Mutual sharing and caring in a context of trust is the foundation of every friendship．The tension in medium friendship is this absence of clarity，allowing for the possibility of what Claude Fischer，a sociologist，referred to in an interview as “asymmetric expectation”：You may like your medium friend less (or more) than they like you．
5．Why does the author mention R．'s friend list
A．To highlight the need to assess friendship．
B．To remind us to keep a balance in friendship．
C．To give an example of categorizing friends．
D．To show us the possible problem with friendship．
6．How did R．feel when his medium friend asked him for help
A．He felt she was asking too much．
B．He was too ready to lend a hand．
C．He was annoyed for not knowing how to help．
D．He felt guilty that she wasn't a close friend．
7．What is the main problem with medium friends
A．They provide limited love．
B．There is a lack of clear boundaries．
C．There are too many of them．
D．They are less reliable than expected．
8．What does the underlined word “asymmetric” in the last paragraph mean
A．Unrealistic．　　　 B．Annoying．
C．Unequal． D．Invisible．
Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2026·云南昆明模拟)
The Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) and I have been friends for more than 80 years，surely some kind of record for romance these days．It plays a(n) 1 role in our friendship．The ROM may be shy about expressing 2 ，yet has always been rewarded with love when I approached it．My passion began when，as a 6-year-old，I skipped up the steps．At the top of the steps，the huge oak doors opened into a large room that combined elements of a castle，made of 3 shades of marble stone，and a shiny ceiling of gold．In the center of the floor 4 an enormous sunburst (艳阳)，its 5 reaching out to each corner．The ceiling was painted with bright symbols，so that looking upward 6 a burst of pure joy．Later in life，it's been my delight to visit the museum．
My first 7 was always at the dinosaurs．Then and now，they are my favorite 8 all the beautiful exhibits at the museum．I am fascinated by their huge 9 ．Over the years，I would still feel thrilled while in face of these giants．I came to feel at home in their weird presence，and even 10 a tear for one of the poor creatures who had died by 11 a tar pit (沥青坑)．
I may have developed friendships with other museums over the years but the ROM still 12 my heart．My latest adventure at the ROM was a celebration of my 90th birthday，when all my families enjoyed different displays．A 13 has replaced the swift feet 84 years ago，but the new delights on exhibition mix with my 14 joy in the beauty of this museum．Some friendships never 15 ．
1．A．subjective　　　　 B．passive
C．interactive D．defensive
2．A．affection B．regret
C．gratitude D．guilt
3．A．melting B．inspiring
C．varying D．concerning
4．A．stuck B．lay
C．stood D．marched
5．A．branches B．visions
C．senses D．rays
6．A．brought B．loaded
C．marked D．decreased
7．A．figure B．note
C．leg D．impression
8．A．together with B．from within
C．out of D．instead of
9．A．nerves B．sizes
C．existence D．appetite
10．A．formed B．dried
C．wiped D．shed
11．A．slipping from B．feeding on
C．pulling over D．sinking into
12．A．claims B．shelters
C．loses D．pursues
13．A．wheelchair B．lift
C．track D．slide
14．A．uncountable B．enduring
C．prior D．temporary
15．A．fail B．lie
C．die D．cheat
Ⅲ．七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Talking over text is a convenient way to get to know someone new or catch up with old friends，but sometimes it can be hard to figure out what to say next． 1 ．
Ask open-ended questions．Open-ended questions require more thoughtful and detailed responses． 2 ．If the other person just told you something about themselves，ask them to elaborate on that，or come up with your own open-ended question．This gives the other person an opportunity to talk about their interests in-depth．
3 ．Ask the other person to tell you about something．To have a good conversation，both people should be asking and answering questions．If you feel like you've mainly been talking about yourself，redirect the conversation to the other person．
Avoid dry，short answers． 4 ．Remember，conversations are a two-way street，so make sure you put in the effort to respond to the person you're texting．If someone asks you a question and you give them a one-word answer，you're forcing them to do all the work to keep the conversation flowing．
Ask about the other person's day．Show them you're interested in their life．Asking about someone's day is a pretty low-effort question that can actually lead to a lot of interesting conversations．Consider also telling them something about your day，so you have something to talk about if they don't have much to add．
Ask follow-up questions．Let the other person elaborate on their responses．Instead of moving on with the conversation，ask follow-up questions about what the other person just said． 5 and making an effort to engage with them．
A．Find the shared interest
B．Shift the focus to the other person
C．It's better to give the other person something to work with
D．Luckily，there are a ton of ways you can keep things interesting
E．This means that you are avoiding getting involved in a boring topic
F．This shows them that you're paying attention to what they' re saying
G．They encourage the other person to answer with more than “yes” or “no”题型组合练(五)
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了友谊形成的复杂因素，包括偶然相遇、共同兴趣、自我表露和互惠行为等，并通过个人经历和理论研究说明真正友谊的关键条件。
1．C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中“That moment marked the beginning of our bond．It's an example of how friendship often forms unexpectedly．”等内容可推知，提到Olivia是为了引出友谊形成的主题。故选C。]
2．D　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中“These interactions are extremely small but important；they are the ‘dark matter’ of friendship．”可推知，“dark matter”指的上文提到的这些微小但是很重要的互动。故选D。]
3．C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I started sharing more about my personal life，but she never did the same．．．The necessary reciprocity was missing，so our acquaintanceship never tipped over into friendship．”可知，助理的不回应行为阻碍了作者与助理的友谊发展。故选C。]
4．B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“Self disclosure marks the shift from casual acquaintance to true friendship．．．It's a reciprocal process：one person opens up，and the other responds in kind．”和最后一段中“Reciprocity is the most decisive factor in developing friendship．”可推知，相互敞开心扉是发展友谊最为关键的因素。故选B。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多数人会在心中对友谊进行非正式排序，作者的朋友R．则在电脑文档上给朋友排名。
5．D　[推理判断题。根据第二段“The young man found himself dissatisfied with his social life ．．．Call them the ‘medium friends’．”可知，作者提到 R．的朋友列表，R．通过对朋友进行排名发现自己社交生活存在问题，尤其是与“中等朋友”之间存在困扰，如当“中等朋友”寻求帮助时自己的复杂情绪等。由此推知，作者提及R．的朋友列表是为了向我们展示友谊中可能存在的问题。故选D项。]
6．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“When this friend recently reached out for his support，his initial reaction was annoyance，followed by guilt．But she was pressing him in a way that felt too heavy，given what their friendship had become．”可知，当R．的“中等朋友”向他求助时，他最初的反应是烦恼，因为这位朋友施压的方式让他觉得太过沉重，考虑到他们现在的友谊状况，他觉得她要求得太多了。故选A项。]
7．B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“And that is the problem with medium friends，the invisible lines you draw around them without ever being clarified—to them or even，possibly，to yourself．” 以及最后一段中“Mutual sharing and caring in a context of trust is the foundation of every friendship．The tension in medium friendship is this absence of clarity，allowing for the possibility of what Claude Fischer，a sociologist，referred to in an interview as‘asymmetric expectation’”可知，“中等朋友”之间的主要问题是存在不明确的界限，没有向对方甚至自己澄清这些界限，导致了可能出现的“不对称期望”。由此推知，B选项“缺乏明确的界限”正确。故选B项。]
8．C　[词义猜测题。根据前文提到的“中等朋友”之间存在的问题，即彼此之间的界限不明确，再结合最后一段中“You may like your medium friend less (or more) than they like you．”可知，“asymmetric expectation”指的是你对 “中等朋友” 的喜欢程度可能与他们对你的喜欢程度不相等。由此可知，“asymmetric”意思是“不相等的；不对称的”，与“unequal(不平等的)”意思相近。故选C项。]
Ⅱ．1－5　CACBD　6－10　ACCBD　11－15　DAABC
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了如何通过文本聊天与新人建立联系或与老朋友保持联系，并提供了几种有效的对话技巧。
1．D　[前文“but sometimes it can be hard to figure out what to say next”提到通过文字交流有时很难知道接下来该说什么，后文“Ask open ended questions．”，“Avoid dry，short answers．”等各段落则具体介绍了一些让交流更顺畅、有趣的方法。由此可知，设空句为承上启下句，既承接前文话题“文字交流”，也能引出后文“交流方法”。D选项在句意方面起到了承上启下的作用，引出后文的具体方法。故选D项。]
2．G　[前文“Open ended questions require more thoughtful and detailed responses．”指出开放式问题需要更有深度和思考的回答，由此推知，设空句应是就该话题“开放式问题”进行进一步的解释，以使读者理解开放式问题的有用之处。G选项进一步说明了开放式问题的特点和作用，与前文逻辑连贯。故选G项。]
3．B　[设空句为该段主题句，应是该段主旨。根据后文内容“Ask the other person to tell you about something．．．If you feel like you've mainly been talking about yourself，redirect the conversation to the other person．”可知，该段主要内容是要让对方讲述一些事情，当感觉自己主要在谈论自己时，要把对话引向对方。B选项符合该段主旨，能够概括该段内容。故选B项。]
4．C　[根据主题句“Avoid dry，short answers．”可知，该段强调“避免回答得过于简短和枯燥”。设空句紧跟其后，应是具体解释什么样的回答是不简短的。选项C是对“不简短”的解释，同时表示一种建议或推荐，符合上下文的语气和逻辑。故选C项。]
5．F　[前文“Instead of moving on with the conversation，ask follow up questions about what the other person just said．”提出要就对方的话题跟进，这是一项建议，由此推知，设空句应是就该建议的好处进行说明，以说服读者。F选项解释了问跟进问题的作用和意义，与前文逻辑一致。故选F项。]

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