资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6 Live Green
一、核心词汇
（一）名词（9个）
单词 音标 词性 中文释义 例句
塑料；塑 Plastic waste was first seen in the
plastic / pl st k/ n.
料制品 oceans in the 1960s.
材料；物 It quickly replaced wood and other
material /m t ri l/ n.
质 natural materials .
Let's protect our environment . There is
environment / n va r nm nt/ n. 环境
no Planet B.
Burning plastic produces thick smoke
pollution /p lu n/ n. 污染
that causes air pollution .
废物；浪
waste /we st/ n. Getting free of plastic waste isn't easy.
费
Plastic has become a danger to sea
danger / de nd (r)/ n. 危险
animals.
By 2050, there could be more plastic in
ocean / n/ n. 海洋
the ocean than fish.
With the development of industry ,
工业；产
industry / nd stri/ n. heavy air pollution happened in
业
London.
包装；包 Choose products that have less
packaging / p k d / n.
装材料 packaging .
（二）形容词（7个）
单词 音标 词性 中文释义 例句
方便的； Plastic is certainly convenient and
convenient /k n vi ni nt/ adj.
便利的 has thousands of uses.
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
人造的； Nowhere is free from this man-
man-made / m n me d/ adj.
人工的 made material.
可重复使 Use a reusable shopping bag to
reusable / ri ju z bl/ adj.
用的 reduce waste.
The water is polluted. It is unsafe
unsafe / n se f/ adj. 不安全的
for drinking.
Electronic waste is also harmful to
harmful / hɑ mfl/ adj. 有害的
the environment.
环境的； Plastic is not just causing an
environmental / n va r n mentl/ adj.
环保的 environmental problem.
持久的； Plastic was light, easy to shape,
long-lasting / l lɑ st / adj.
耐用的 long-lasting and cheap.
（三）动词（5个）
单词 音标 词性 中文释义 例句
替换；取Plastic quickly replaced wood and other natural
replace /r ple s/ v.
代 materials.
燃烧；烧Burning plastic produces thick smoke that causes
burn /b n/ v.
毁 air pollution.
产生；生
produce/pr dju s/ v. Burning it also produces thick smoke.
产
减少；降The Clean Air Act was introduced to reduce air
reduce /r dju s/ v.
低 pollution.
Recycling means breaking down waste and
recycle / ri sa kl/ v. 回收利用
getting materials for new things.
（四）短语（4个）
短语 音标 词性 中文释义 例句
Plastic may take thousands of years
break down /bre k da n/ phrase 分解；降解
to break down .
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
solve the /s lv Hiding waste in the ground doesn't
phrase 解决问题
problem pr bl m/ solve the problem .
错误地；无意Some animals, such as whales, eat
by mistake /ba m ste k/ phrase
中 plastic by mistake and die.
go plastic- /ɡ pl st k 告别塑料；无Let's go plastic-free ! There is no
phrase
free fri / 塑料生活 Planet B.
二、语法要点：构词法（Word Formation）
构词法 是通过添加前缀（ prefix）、后缀（ suffix）或将两个词组合
（compound）来创造新词的方法。掌握构词法可以帮助我们在阅读中推测生词
含义，扩大词汇量。
一、后缀（Suffixes）——加在词根后面，常改变词性
1.动词→名词（-tion / -ment / -ing）
词根 后缀 新词 含义
pollute -tion pollution 污染
burn -ing burning 燃烧
remind -er reminder 提醒物
2.名词→形容词（-al / -ful / -ous）
词根 后缀 新词 含义
environment -al environmental 环境的
harm -ful harmful 有害的
danger -ous dangerous 危险的
3.动词→形容词（-able / -ible）
词根 后缀 新词 含义
reuse -able reusable 可重复使用的
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
recycle -able recyclable 可回收的
二、前缀（Prefixes）——加在词根前面，常改变含义
1.否定前缀（un- / in- / im-）
前缀 词根 新词 含义
un- safe unsafe 不安全的
un- friendly unfriendly 不友好的
im- possible impossible 不可能的
2. "再次"前缀（re-）
前缀 词根 新词 含义
re- use reuse 重复使用
re- cycle recycle 回收利用
re- place replace 替换
3.其他前缀（pre- / dis-）
前缀 词根 新词 含义
pre- cycle precycle 预防性减少
dis- appear disappear 消失
三、复合词（Compound Words）——两个词组合成新词
组成 复合词 含义
green + house greenhouse 温室（greenhouse gases温室气体）
man + made man-made 人造的
long + lasting long-lasting 持久的
plastic + free plastic-free 无塑料的
易错提醒
易错点 正确用法 说明
im-只用于 b, m, p开 impossible, imbalance, imsafe →应为 unsafe
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
头 immature
-ful加在名词后 harm + -ful = harmful pollute + -ful（错误搭配）
3Rs都含 re-前缀 reduce, reuse, recycle re-表示"再次"
三、通关练习题
第一部分：选择题（15题）
1. Plastic was considered an amazing _____ when it was first invented.
A. animal B. material C. pollution D. ocean
2. Plastic is certainly _____ and has thousands of uses.
A. dangerous B. harmful C. convenient D. unsafe
3. Some animals, such as whales, eat plastic by _____ and die.
A. chance B. mistake C. choice D. luck
4. Burning plastic _____ thick smoke that causes air pollution.
A. reduces B. replaces C. produces D. recycles
5. Plastic may take thousands of years to break _____.
A. up B. down C. out D. off
6. Hiding waste in the ground doesn't _____ the problem.
A. cause B. produce C. solve D. reduce
7. The water is polluted. It is _____ for drinking.
A. safe B. unsafe C. reusable D. convenient
8. Use a _____ shopping bag to reduce plastic waste.
A. man-made B. long-lasting C. reusable D. harmful
9. Electronic waste is also _____ to the environment.
A. friendly B. harmful C. reusable D. convenient
10.With the development of _____, heavy air pollution happened in London.
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
A. nature B. industry C. packaging D. ocean
11. The word "pollution" is formed by adding the suffix _____ to the verb "pollute".
A. -ment B. -tion C. -ness D. -ing
12. The prefix "re-" in "recycle" means _____.
A. not B. before C. again D. without
13. "Man-made" is an example of a _____ word.
A. suffix B. prefix C. compound D. root
14. The word "unsafe" is formed by adding the prefix _____ to "safe".
A. im- B. in- C. un- D. dis-
15. "Greenhouse gases" is a compound word made from _____ words.
A. one B. two C. three D. four
第二部分：填空题（5题）
16. The factory's _____ (pollute) is causing harm to the environment.（用正确的构
词形式填空）
17. The water is polluted. It is _____ (safe) for drinking.（用正确的构词形式填空）
18. Electronic waste is also _____ (harm) to the environment.（用正确的构词形式
填空）
19. The _____ (burn) of oil for energy is one of the main causes of greenhouse gases.
（用正确的构词形式填空）
20. Let's go _____! There is no Planet B.（根据课文填入复合词）
第三部分：构词转换题（5题）
用构词法将括号中的词变为正确形式，填入句中：
21. The event was a _____ (remind) of the importance of protecting health.
22. People had _____ (difficult) breathing during the London fog.
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
23. It is _____ (environment) friendly to use reusable bags.
24. The _____ (heat) of the sun is a form of green energy.
25.We should choose products that are _____ (environment) friendly.
参考答案
第一部分：选择题
题号 答案 解析
1 B material意为"材料"，塑料最初被认为是一种神奇的材料。
convenient 意为"方便的"，塑料确实很方便且有成千上万种用
2 C
途。
3 B by mistake意为"错误地"，是固定搭配。
4 C produce意为"产生"，燃烧塑料会产生浓烟。
5 B break down意为"分解/降解"，塑料可能需要数千年才能分解。
6 C solve the problem意为"解决问题"。
7 B unsafe意为"不安全的"，水被污染了，饮用不安全。
8 C reusable意为"可重复使用的"，使用可重复使用的购物袋。
9 B harmful意为"有害的"，电子垃圾对环境也有害。
industry 意为"工业"，随着工业的发展，伦敦发生了严重的空气
10 B
污染。
11 B pollute + -tion = pollution，-tion是动词变名词的常见后缀。
12 C re-表示"再次"，recycle = re(再次) + cycle(循环) =回收利用。
13 C man-made是复合词（compound word），由 man + made组成。
14 C un- + safe = unsafe，un-是常见的否定前缀。
greenhouse 由 green + house 两个词复合而成，greenhouse gases =
15 B
温室气体。
第二部分：填空题
题号 答案 解析
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
16 pollution pollute + -tion = pollution（名词形式）。
17 unsafe safe + un- = unsafe（否定前缀，表示"不安全的"）。
18 harmful harm + -ful = harmful（名词+后缀变为形容词）。
19 burning burn + -ing = burning（动词+后缀变为名词/动名词）。
20 plastic-free plastic-free是复合形容词，意为"无塑料的"，课文原句。
第三部分：构词转换题
题号 参考答案 解析
The event was a reminder of theremind + -er = reminder（动词+后缀 →
21
importance of protecting health. 名词，"提醒物"）。
People had difficulty breathingdifficult + -y = difficulty（形容词+后缀
22
during the London fog. →名词，"困难"）。
It is environmentally friendly toenvironment + -al + -ly = environmentally
23
use reusable bags. （名词→形容词→副词）。
The heat of the sun is a form ofheat 本身既是动词也是名词，此处用作
24
green energy. 名词"热量"。
We should choose products that areenvironment + -al + -ly = environmentally
25
environmentally friendly. （副词修饰形容词 friendly）。中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6 Live Green
一、核心词汇
（一）名词（9个）
单词 音标 词性 中文释义 例句
plastic / pl st k/ n. 塑料；塑料制品 Plastic waste was first seen in the oceans in the 1960s.
material /m t ri l/ n. 材料；物质 It quickly replaced wood and other natural materials .
environment / n va r nm nt/ n. 环境 Let's protect our environment . There is no Planet B.
pollution /p lu n/ n. 污染 Burning plastic produces thick smoke that causes air pollution .
waste /we st/ n. 废物；浪费 Getting free of plastic waste isn't easy.
danger / de nd (r)/ n. 危险 Plastic has become a danger to sea animals.
ocean / n/ n. 海洋 By 2050, there could be more plastic in the ocean than fish.
industry / nd stri/ n. 工业；产业 With the development of industry , heavy air pollution happened in London.
packaging / p k d / n. 包装；包装材料 Choose products that have less packaging .
（二）形容词（7个）
单词 音标 词性 中文释义 例句
convenient /k n vi ni nt/ adj. 方便的；便利的 Plastic is certainly convenient and has thousands of uses.
man-made / m n me d/ adj. 人造的；人工的 Nowhere is free from this man-made material.
reusable / ri ju z bl/ adj. 可重复使用的 Use a reusable shopping bag to reduce waste.
unsafe / n se f/ adj. 不安全的 The water is polluted. It is unsafe for drinking.
harmful / hɑ mfl/ adj. 有害的 Electronic waste is also harmful to the environment.
environmental / n va r n mentl/ adj. 环境的；环保的 Plastic is not just causing an environmental problem.
long-lasting / l lɑ st / adj. 持久的；耐用的 Plastic was light, easy to shape, long-lasting and cheap.
（三）动词（5个）
单词 音标 词性 中文释义 例句
replace /r ple s/ v. 替换；取代 Plastic quickly replaced wood and other natural materials.
burn /b n/ v. 燃烧；烧毁 Burning plastic produces thick smoke that causes air pollution.
produce /pr dju s/ v. 产生；生产 Burning it also produces thick smoke.
reduce /r dju s/ v. 减少；降低 The Clean Air Act was introduced to reduce air pollution.
recycle / ri sa kl/ v. 回收利用 Recycling means breaking down waste and getting materials for new things.
（四）短语（4个）
短语 音标 词性 中文释义 例句
break down /bre k da n/ phrase 分解；降解 Plastic may take thousands of years to break down .
solve the problem /s lv pr bl m/ phrase 解决问题 Hiding waste in the ground doesn't solve the problem .
by mistake /ba m ste k/ phrase 错误地；无意中 Some animals, such as whales, eat plastic by mistake and die.
go plastic-free /ɡ pl st k fri / phrase 告别塑料；无塑料生活 Let's go plastic-free ! There is no Planet B.
二、语法要点：构词法（Word Formation）
构词法 是通过添加前缀（prefix）、后缀（suffix）或将两个词组合（compound）来创造新词的方法。掌握构词法可以帮助我们在阅读中推测生词含义，扩大词汇量。
一、后缀（Suffixes）—— 加在词根后面，常改变词性
1. 动词 → 名词（-tion / -ment / -ing）
词根 后缀 新词 含义
pollute -tion pollution 污染
burn -ing burning 燃烧
remind -er reminder 提醒物
2. 名词 → 形容词（-al / -ful / -ous）
词根 后缀 新词 含义
environment -al environmental 环境的
harm -ful harmful 有害的
danger -ous dangerous 危险的
3. 动词 → 形容词（-able / -ible）
词根 后缀 新词 含义
reuse -able reusable 可重复使用的
recycle -able recyclable 可回收的
二、前缀（Prefixes）—— 加在词根前面，常改变含义
1. 否定前缀（un- / in- / im-）
前缀 词根 新词 含义
un- safe unsafe 不安全的
un- friendly unfriendly 不友好的
im- possible impossible 不可能的
2. "再次"前缀（re-）
前缀 词根 新词 含义
re- use reuse 重复使用
re- cycle recycle 回收利用
re- place replace 替换
3. 其他前缀（pre- / dis-）
前缀 词根 新词 含义
pre- cycle precycle 预防性减少
dis- appear disappear 消失
三、复合词（Compound Words）—— 两个词组合成新词
组成 复合词 含义
green + house greenhouse 温室（greenhouse gases 温室气体）
man + made man-made 人造的
long + lasting long-lasting 持久的
plastic + free plastic-free 无塑料的
易错提醒
易错点 正确用法 说明
im- 只用于 b, m, p 开头 impossible, imbalance, immature imsafe → 应为 unsafe
-ful 加在名词后 harm + -ful = harmful pollute + -ful（错误搭配）
3Rs 都含 re- 前缀 reduce, reuse, recycle re- 表示"再次"
三、通关练习题
第一部分：选择题（15题）
1. Plastic was considered an amazing _____ when it was first invented.
A. animal B. material C. pollution D. ocean
2. Plastic is certainly _____ and has thousands of uses.
A. dangerous B. harmful C. convenient D. unsafe
3. Some animals, such as whales, eat plastic by _____ and die.
A. chance B. mistake C. choice D. luck
4. Burning plastic _____ thick smoke that causes air pollution.
A. reduces B. replaces C. produces D. recycles
5. Plastic may take thousands of years to break _____.
A. up B. down C. out D. off
6. Hiding waste in the ground doesn't _____ the problem.
A. cause B. produce C. solve D. reduce
7. The water is polluted. It is _____ for drinking.
A. safe B. unsafe C. reusable D. convenient
8. Use a _____ shopping bag to reduce plastic waste.
A. man-made B. long-lasting C. reusable D. harmful
9. Electronic waste is also _____ to the environment.
A. friendly B. harmful C. reusable D. convenient
10. With the development of _____, heavy air pollution happened in London.
A. nature B. industry C. packaging D. ocean
11. The word "pollution" is formed by adding the suffix _____ to the verb "pollute".
A. -ment B. -tion C. -ness D. -ing
12. The prefix "re-" in "recycle" means _____.
A. not B. before C. again D. without
13. "Man-made" is an example of a _____ word.
A. suffix B. prefix C. compound D. root
14. The word "unsafe" is formed by adding the prefix _____ to "safe".
A. im- B. in- C. un- D. dis-
15. "Greenhouse gases" is a compound word made from _____ words.
A. one B. two C. three D. four
第二部分：填空题（5题）
16. The factory's _____ (pollute) is causing harm to the environment.（用正确的构词形式填空）
17. The water is polluted. It is _____ (safe) for drinking.（用正确的构词形式填空）
18. Electronic waste is also _____ (harm) to the environment.（用正确的构词形式填空）
19. The _____ (burn) of oil for energy is one of the main causes of greenhouse gases.（用正确的构词形式填空）
20. Let's go _____! There is no Planet B.（根据课文填入复合词）
第三部分：构词转换题（5题）
用构词法将括号中的词变为正确形式，填入句中：
21. The event was a _____ (remind) of the importance of protecting health.
22. People had _____ (difficult) breathing during the London fog.
23. It is _____ (environment) friendly to use reusable bags.
24. The _____ (heat) of the sun is a form of green energy.
25. We should choose products that are _____ (environment) friendly.
参考答案
第一部分：选择题
题号 答案 解析
1 B material 意为"材料"，塑料最初被认为是一种神奇的材料。
2 C convenient 意为"方便的"，塑料确实很方便且有成千上万种用途。
3 B by mistake 意为"错误地"，是固定搭配。
4 C produce 意为"产生"，燃烧塑料会产生浓烟。
5 B break down 意为"分解/降解"，塑料可能需要数千年才能分解。
6 C solve the problem 意为"解决问题"。
7 B unsafe 意为"不安全的"，水被污染了，饮用不安全。
8 C reusable 意为"可重复使用的"，使用可重复使用的购物袋。
9 B harmful 意为"有害的"，电子垃圾对环境也有害。
10 B industry 意为"工业"，随着工业的发展，伦敦发生了严重的空气污染。
11 B pollute + -tion = pollution，-tion 是动词变名词的常见后缀。
12 C re- 表示"再次"，recycle = re(再次) + cycle(循环) = 回收利用。
13 C man-made 是复合词（compound word），由 man + made 组成。
14 C un- + safe = unsafe，un- 是常见的否定前缀。
15 B greenhouse 由 green + house 两个词复合而成，greenhouse gases = 温室气体。
第二部分：填空题
题号 答案 解析
16 pollution pollute + -tion = pollution（名词形式）。
17 unsafe safe + un- = unsafe（否定前缀，表示"不安全的"）。
18 harmful harm + -ful = harmful（名词+后缀变为形容词）。
19 burning burn + -ing = burning（动词+后缀变为名词/动名词）。
20 plastic-free plastic-free 是复合形容词，意为"无塑料的"，课文原句。
第三部分：构词转换题
题号 参考答案 解析
21 The event was a reminder of the importance of protecting health. remind + -er = reminder（动词+后缀 → 名词，"提醒物"）。
22 People had difficulty breathing during the London fog. difficult + -y = difficulty（形容词+后缀 → 名词，"困难"）。
23 It is environmentally friendly to use reusable bags. environment + -al + -ly = environmentally（名词 → 形容词 → 副词）。
24 The heat of the sun is a form of green energy. heat 本身既是动词也是名词，此处用作名词"热量"。
25 We should choose products that are environmentally friendly. environment + -al + -ly = environmentally（副词修饰形容词 friendly）。

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