资源简介

Unit 3 Same or Different
—— Section A Grammar Focus (3a~3c) 学案 ——
语法课：形容词和副词比较级
人教版（2024）八年级上册 2026-2027学年
姓名 班级
学习目标 Learning Objectives
① 语言能力：能精准掌握形容词和副词比较级的构成规则（包括规则变化与部分不规则变化），熟练运用"比较级 + than"结构体现事物或人物间的差异，运用 as + 原级 + as 结构描述两者在某方面程度相同。
② 文化意识：通过对不同城市在人口、面积、气候等方面的对比，感知不同城市的地理、人文差异，增进对多元文化及不同地域特点的理解与包容。
③ 思维品质：通过观察例句归纳比较级构成规则，培养逻辑思维与对比分析能力。
④ 学习能力：通过3b/3c语法练习，在真实情境中运用比较级，掌握归纳与迁移运用策略。
板块一：课前预习 Pre-class Preview
词汇预习表 Word Preview Table
预习本课重点词汇，根据词性和释义补全单词，并完成例句填空。
单词 词性 释义 例句填空
f___ n. /f kt/ 事实；现实 The f___ of the matter is that Guangzhou is larger than Chicago.
s___ adj. /sl m/ 苗条的；薄的 Julie is as s___ as me. We are both thin.
p_________ n. / p pju le n/ 人口 The p_________ of Shanghai is much larger than that of Los Angeles.
k_ n. /k l m t (r)/ 千米；公里 Guangzhou covers an area of 7,436 square k_.
a______ adj. / v r d / 平均的；平常的 The a______ rainfall per year in Chicago is 1,475 mm.
r_______ n. / re nf l/ 降雨量 Guangzhou has more r_______ than Chicago every year.
p__ prep. /p (r)/ 每 The average temperature p__ year in January is 16 °C in Guangzhou.
p_______ adj. / pleznt/ 宜人的；友好的 Guangzhou has a p_______ temperature in January. It is warmer than Chicago.
【提示】 例句填空处只给出目标词的小写首字母，请补全剩余字母；下划线数量等于剩余字母数。
话题预测 Topic Prediction
根据课题 Unit 3 Section A Grammar Focus (3a~3c)，预测本课内容。
Q: What do you think this lesson is about
A: I think it's about ________________________________________.
板块二：课堂探究 Class Exploration
3a 观察比较级 Notice the Comparatives
Read the sentences and notice the comparatives in bold. Find more examples in Section A.
阅读下列句子，注意加粗的比较级形式，并在Section A中找出更多含有比较级的句子。
There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella's.
Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her.
Find more examples in Section A:
You play the Chinese flute better than anyone else in our music club.
You work harder than me.
I'm a little quieter than Ella. And she is funnier than me.
Many people say I'm lazier than Emma, but that's not true!
I love playing sports more than anything.
比较级构成规则（规则变化）Regular Changes
观察例词，归纳形容词和副词比较级的规则变化构成方法。
类别 构成方法 例词
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，词尾加 -er tall → taller short → shorter loud → louder
单音节词（以 e 结尾） 以字母 e 结尾的词，词尾加 -r large → larger nice → nicer
单音节词（重读闭音节） 重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写尾字母加 -er big → bigger hot → hotter
双音节词（辅音+y结尾） 以"辅音 + y"结尾的双音节词，变 y 为 i 加 -er happy → happier early → earlier
多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加 more colourful → more colourful outgoing → more outgoing
比较级构成规则（不规则变化）Irregular Changes
记忆下列五组不规则变化，完成后面的练习。
原级 比较级
good / well better
bad / badly worse
many / much more
little less
far farther / further
3b 问答练习 Q&A Practice
Use the words in brackets to write questions and answers. 请根据括号中的提示词，用比较级和 as...as... 结构编写问答。
注意：as...as... 中间必须用原级，不能用比较级。
1. Q: Is Julie slimmer than you (Julie / slim / you)
A: No, she isn't. She is as slim as me.
(slim 苗条的)
2. Q: _______________________________ (you / serious / cousin)
A: No, I'm not. I am ______________ than he is.
(serious 严肃的)
3. Q: _________________________ (Tom / smart / Sam)
A: No, I don't think so. I think Sam is as _________ as Tom.
(smart 聪明的)
4. Q: ______________________________ (Jack / swim / fast / Sally)
A: No, he doesn't. He swims as _________ as Sally.
(fast 快的)
3c 城市比较 Compare Guangzhou and Chicago
Look at the chart. Then complete the sentences to compare Guangzhou and Chicago. Use the words in the box and than.
Word Bank: large small much warm cool
Facts Guangzhou Chicago
人口 Population 18.978 million 0.76 million
面积 Area 7,436 square km 115 square km
年平均降雨量 Average rainfall per year 1,923 mm 1,475 mm
1月平均气温 Average January temperature 16 °C 5 °C
7月平均气温 Average July temperature 31 °C 18 °C
Complete the sentences:
1. The population of Chicago was ___________ that of Guangzhou in 2022.
2. In area, Guangzhou is ___________ Chicago.
3. If you don't like rain, you may like Chicago's weather ___________ Guangzhou's.
4. Guangzhou has a pleasant temperature in January. It is much ___________ Chicago in January.
5. Chicago is ___________ Guangzhou in July.
提示：pleasant 宜人的；population 人口；average rainfall 年平均降雨量。
板块三：课堂练习 Class Practice
当堂检测（一）用所给单词的适当形式填空
请运用比较级的构成规则完成下列句子。
1. Tom is ________ (tall) than his brother.
2. This book is _______________ (interesting) than that one.
3. Winter is ____________ (cold) than autumn.
4. My bag is ___________ (heavy) than yours.
5. She runs ____________ (fast) than me.
6. She has ___________ (many) books than her sister.
当堂检测（二）用比较级和 than 连接句子
用括号里所给词的正确形式和 than 连接下列句子。请注意比较级形式和句子结构。
1. The blue pen is 10 yuan. The black pen is 12 yuan. (cheap)
_______________________________________________
2. Lucy is 24 years old. Lily is 18 years old. (young)
_______________________________________________
3. My ruler is 15cm long. Your ruler is 20cm long. (short)
_______________________________________________
板块四：归纳总结 Summary
重点词汇默写框 Key Vocabulary Dictation
英文与中文交替留空，请补全对应内容。
英文 中文
fact __________
__________ 苗条的；薄的
population __________
__________ 千米；公里
average __________
__________ 降雨量
per __________
__________ 宜人的；友好的
重点句式梳理框 Key Sentence Patterns
形容词和副词比较级句式梳理： 1. 比较级 + than（比……更……） 用于两者之间的比较，形容词/副词变为比较级形式 Chen Lin is taller than Jenny. / Ella dances better than Emma. 2. as + 原级 + as（和……一样……） 表示两者在某方面程度相同，中间必须用原级 She is as slim as me. / I work as hard as her. 3. not as + 原级 + as（不如……） 表示前者在某方面不如后者，等同于"比较级 + than"的反义 Sam is not as smart as Tom. = Tom is smarter than Sam. 4. 规则变化：单音节加 -er / 多音节加 more tall→taller（单音节加-er）；colourful→more colourful（多音节加more） Emma is taller than Ella. / It is more colourful than last year. 5. 不规则变化：good→better, bad→worse, many→more, little→less, far→farther/further 不遵循规则变化，需单独记忆 Ella dances better than Emma. / She has more books than her sister.
板块五：参考答案 Reference Answers
词汇预习表答案
（答案只给剩余小写字母）
1. fact → act
2. slim → lim
3. population → opulation
4. km → m
5. average → verage
6. rainfall → ainfall
7. per → er
8. pleasant → leasant
3b 问答练习答案
(示范)
Q: Are you more serious than your cousin
A: less serious
Q: Is Tom smarter than Sam
A: smart
Q: Does Jack swim faster than Sally
A: fast
3c 城市比较答案
1. smaller than
2. larger than
3. more than
4. warmer than
5. cooler than
当堂检测（一）答案
1. taller
2. more interesting
3. colder
4. heavier
5. faster
6. more
当堂检测（二）答案
1. The blue pen is cheaper than the black pen.
2. Lily is younger than Lucy.
3. My ruler is shorter than yours / your ruler.
词汇默写框答案
1. fact | 事实；现实
2. slim | 苗条的；薄的
3. population | 人口
4. km | 千米；公里
5. average | 平均的；平常的
6. rainfall | 降雨量
7. per | 每
8. pleasant | 宜人的；友好的

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