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Unit 3 Section A (1a~Pronunciation) 教案
—— Same or Different (人教版八年级上册 2026-2027学年)
课题 Unit 3 Section A (1a~Pronunciation) 学科 英语
年级 八年级上册 教材版本 人教版（2024）
课时 1课时 课型 听说与语音课
教学方法 任务型教学法、PPP教学法、情境教学法 教学用具 多媒体课件、教材、录音
学情分析 八年级学生在七年级已接触过形容词的基本用法，但对比较级的系统学习尚属初次。学生在描述人物外貌和性格差异方面有一定语言基础，但在听力中快速捕捉比较信息、准确运用比较级句型进行表达仍有困难。本课话题关于比较人与人之间的异同，贴近学生生活，有利于激发表达欲望。语音方面，学生对升降调的感知需要多听多模仿。
教学目标 语言能力：能识别并运用shy, outgoing, loud, lazy, hard-working, perform, alone, solve, flute等描述人物特征的词汇，听辨对话中人物差异的比较信息，运用比较级句型进行口语交际。文化意识：理解不同人物性格和能力差异是正常现象，培养尊重差异、欣赏他人优点的精神。思维品质：通过对比分析双胞胎和同伴的差异，培养观察归纳和批判性思维能力。学习能力：能掌握常见发/ / / /的字母及字母组合并正确拼读，能识别升调和降调，在朗读中通过语调表达不同情感。
教学重难点 重点：掌握shy, outgoing, loud, lazy, hard-working, perform, alone, solve, flute等核心词汇；理解比较级（比较级 + than）和as...as...句型的基本用法。难点：在听力中快速捕捉人物比较信息并完成1b/1c/1d任务；在朗读中准确把握升降调变化，表达不同情感。
一、教学过程
Step 1 Warm-up（复习导入+学习目标呈现）（3~5 min）
Unit Objectives 单元目标导入
【教师活动】T: Good morning, class! Today we start a new unit — Unit 3 Same or Different Let's look at the unit objectives. In this unit, you will compare people and things, discuss whether friends should be similar or different, talk about how you are different from the past, and discover why differences are important.
【学生活动】Ss: Students read the unit objectives and get ready for the new unit.
本单元核心话题：Same or Different （相同还是不同？）——比较人与人之间的异同。核心词汇：compare /k m pe (r)/ v. 比较；对比
Look and Share 看图分享
【教师活动】T: Look at the picture. What is the possible relationship between the girls in the photo What do they have in common How are they different from each other
【学生活动】Ss: They are twins. They look alike. They have different hobbies. The girl on the left likes playing ping-pong, while the other likes reading.
图3-2 双胞胎看图分享与讨论
Section A Introduction 板块导入
【教师活动】T: Now let's enter Section A. The guiding question for this section is: How are we different from each other Think about this question as we go through the lesson.
图3-3 Section A 板块导入与核心问题
【知识点】本单元核心话题：比较人与人之间的异同（compare people and things），运用比较级句型描述人物外貌和性格差异
【过渡语】让我们先来学习一些描述人物特征的词汇。
Step 2 Presentation（知识呈现）（10~15 min）
Look and Say 描述人物差异
【教师活动】T: Look at the people in the pictures. How are they different from each other Let's start with the first pair.
【学生活动】Ss: The boy is fast. The old man is slow.
图3-4 Look and say 描述快与慢的差异
【教师活动】T: Good! Now look at the next picture. How are they different
【学生活动】Ss: The boy is tall. The girl is short.
图3-5 描述高与矮的差异
【教师活动】T: Nice! What about Lucy and Tina How are they different
【学生活动】Ss: Lucy is loud. Tina is quiet.
新词汇：loud /la d/ adv. 响亮地 adj. 大声的
【理解要点】loud 的词性
loud 既可作副词（响亮地），也可作形容词（大声的）。例：Lucy is loud.（形容词）She sings loud.（副词）反义词：quiet（安静的）
图3-6 描述Lucy和Tina大声与安静的差异
【教师活动】T: Now look at this pair. How are they different from each other
【学生活动】Ss: The boy is lazy. The woman is hard-working.
新词汇：lazy / le zi/ adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的；hard-working / hɑ d w k / adj. 勤奋的
图3-7 描述懒惰与勤奋的差异
1a Match each word with its opposite
【教师活动】T: Now let's do 1a. Match each word with its opposite. The words in the first row are: fast, shy, late, tall, lazy, loud, funny. The words in the second row are: outgoing, boring, short, quiet, early, slow, hard-working. Please match them.
1a 词汇配对：
fast — slow shy — outgoing late — early
tall — short lazy — hard-working loud — quiet funny — boring
新词汇：shy / a / adj. 害羞的；outgoing / a t ɡ / adj. 外向的
图3-8 1a 词汇与反义词配对活动
【学生活动】Ss: Students match each word with its opposite and check answers together.
【易错提示】反义词配对易错点
注意区分shy（害羞的）和outgoing（外向的）是一对反义词；lazy（懒惰的）和hard-working（勤奋的）是一对反义词。不要将loud与fast混淆，loud的反义词是quiet。
Game Time 反义词快速抢答
【教师活动】T: Let's play a game. Say the opposite of each word quickly! When I say 'fast', you say 'slow'. Ready
【学生活动】Ss: Students play the game and say the opposite of each word quickly.
fast → slow shy → outgoing late → early tall → short lazy → hard-working loud → quiet funny → boring
图3-9 反义词快速抢答游戏
【知识点】核心词汇：shy, outgoing, loud, lazy, hard-working, fast, slow, tall, short, quiet, funny, boring；反义词配对：shy outgoing, lazy hard-working, loud quiet, fast slow, tall short
【过渡语】掌握了描述人物特征的词汇后，让我们来听一段关于学校音乐节的对话。
Step 3 Practice（操练巩固）（15~20 min）
1b Listen and Check Prediction 听力预测与验证
【教师活动】T: Peter and Chen Jie's school is going to hold a music festival. Will Chen Jie perform at the music festival Listen to the conversation and check your prediction.
新词汇：perform /p f m/ v. 表演；执行；flute /flu t/ n. 长笛
【学生活动】Ss: Students predict first, then listen and find: Yes, Chen Jie will perform. She will play the Chinese flute.
图3-10 1b 听力预测与音乐节对话
【判断技巧】听力预测策略
听前预测：根据图片和题目信息预测对话内容（music festival, perform, flute）。听中快速记录：关注关键人物和事件。听后结合语境检查：确认预测是否正确。
1b Tick the Locations 听力地点勾选
【教师活动】T: Now listen to the conversations again. Tick the locations where the conversations take place. Conversation 1 and Conversation 2 each has two options: at the music club or at the music festival.
Conversation 1: □ at the music club ■ at the music festival
Conversation 2: □ at the music club ■ at the music festival
图3-11 1b 听力地点勾选与答案
【学生活动】Ss: Students listen and tick the correct locations. Both conversations take place at the music festival.
1c Complete the Sentences 听力填空
【教师活动】T: Listen to the conversations again and complete the sentences. Pay attention to the key information in each blank.
1. Peter and Chen Jie are talking about the __________. Chen Jie is afraid of performing alone so they solve the problem by playing a song _______.
2. Mrs Brown and Peter are talking about _____ and _______ show.
新词汇：alone / l n/ adv. & adj. 独自；单独；solve /s lv/ v. 解决；解答
图3-12 1c 听力填空与完成句子
【学生活动】Ss: Students complete the sentences: 1. music festival; together. 2. Ella; Emma's.
【教师活动】T: Let's check. 1. Peter and Chen Jie are talking about the music festival. Chen Jie is afraid of performing alone so they solve the problem by playing a song together. 2. Mrs Brown and Peter are talking about Ella and Emma's show.
1d Match Characters with Descriptions 人物匹配
【教师活动】T: Listen to the two conversations again. Match the characters with the correct descriptions. For Chen Jie and Peter, match: plays the Chinese flute better, is more outgoing, is shyer, works harder. For Emma and Ella, match: is taller, has longer hair, sings louder, dances better.
Chen Jie — Peter 匹配：
Chen Jie plays the Chinese flute better. Peter is more outgoing.
Chen Jie is shyer. Chen Jie works harder.
图3-13 1d Chen Jie与Peter人物特征匹配
Emma — Ella 匹配：
Emma is taller. Emma sings louder.
Ella has longer hair. Ella dances better.
图3-14 1d Emma与Ella人物特征匹配
【学生活动】Ss: Students match the characters with the correct descriptions and check answers.
【知识点】比较级句型：A is + 比较级 + than B（A比B更……）；副词比较级：plays better than, sings louder than, works harder than
Language Point 1: 比较级 + than（3~4 min）
【教师活动】T: Now let's read these sentences and notice the words in bold. What pattern do you see
Chen Jie plays the Chinese flute better than Peter.
Peter is more outgoing than Chen Jie.
Chen Jie is shyer than Peter. Chen Jie works harder than Peter.
Emma is taller than Ella. Emma sings louder than Ella.
Ella's hair is longer than Emma's. Ella dances better than Emma.
图3-15 比较级句型归纳与例句
【知识点】当对两个人或事物进行对比时，用比较级（+ than ...）表示“较……”或“更……一些”。句型：A + be/动词 + 比较级 + than + B
【理解要点】比较级的基本结构
形容词比较级：taller, shorter, louder, longer, shyer；副词比较级：better, louder, harder；多音节词比较级：more outgoing, more beautiful。注意：比较级后必须用than连接比较对象。
Language Point 2: 比较级构成规则（3~4 min）
【教师活动】T: Let's learn how to form comparatives. There are regular and irregular changes.
规则变化：
1. 一般情况，词尾加 -er：tall → taller, fast → faster
2. 以 e 结尾，词尾加 -r：nice → nicer, large → larger
3. 重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母，双写尾字母加 -er：big → bigger, hot → hotter
4. 以“辅音 + y”结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -er：easy → easier, happy → happier
5. 多音节词和部分双音节词，词前加 more：beautiful → more beautiful, carefully → more carefully
图3-16 形容词和副词比较级规则变化表
不规则变化：
good / well → better bad / badly → worse
many / much → more little → less far → farther / further
图3-17 形容词和副词比较级不规则变化表
【易错提示】比较级常见错误
1. 多音节词前加more的同时不能再加-er（错误：more outgoinger）。2. 比较级后必须用than，不能遗漏（错误：Emma is taller Ella）。3. 不规则变化需单独记忆：good → better，不能写成gooder。
Conversation 1 对话一（Peter & Chen Jie）
【教师活动】T: Let's read Conversation 1. Listen and repeat, then role-play the conversation. Pay attention to the comparative forms and intonation.
Peter: Chen Jie, did you hear about the school music festival
Chen Jie: Yeah, it sounds fun.
Peter: Why don't you perform You play the Chinese flute better than anyone else in our music club.
Chen Jie: Well, I'm afraid of performing alone. I'm not as outgoing as you.
Peter: But you work harder than me. And last week you played a really beautiful song!
Chen Jie: You liked it Maybe we could play it together!
Peter: Great idea!
图3-18 Conversation 1 Peter与Chen Jie关于音乐节的对话
Language Point 3: as...as... 句型（3~4 min）
【教师活动】T: In the conversation, Chen Jie says 'I'm not as outgoing as you.' Let's learn this structure. I'm not as outgoing as you means '我不像你那么外向。'
1. 表示两者在某一方面相同时，用 as + 形容词或副词原形 + as 的句型。
例：I think English is as important as maths. Tom runs as fast as Jack.
2. 表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时，用 not as / so + 形容词或副词原形 + as 的句型。
例：I'm not as outgoing as you. He did not come so early as Wang Lin.
【重点强调】as...as... 与比较级的转换
not as + 原级 + as = less + 原级 + than = 比较级 + than的反义。例：I'm not as outgoing as you. = You are more outgoing than me.
【知识点】as...as...句型：as + 形容词/副词原级 + as（和……一样……）；not as/so...as...句型：不如……（I'm not as outgoing as you. = I'm less outgoing than you.）
【过渡语】让我们继续阅读第二段对话，了解Emma和Ella的表演。
Conversation 2 对话二（Mrs Brown, Peter & Chen Jie）
【教师活动】T: Now let's read Conversation 2. Listen and repeat. Pay attention to how Peter and Chen Jie compare Emma and Ella.
Mrs Brown: I loved your performance! You two did a wonderful job!
Peter & Chen Jie: Thank you!
Peter: Look, it's time for Ella and Emma's show!
Mrs Brown: Is that Ella singing
Peter: No, that's Emma. Emma is taller than Ella. And she sings louder than Ella.
Chen Jie: Look! That is Ella dancing. Her hair is longer than Emma's.
Peter: They both dance well, but I think Ella dances better than her sister.
图3-19 Conversation 2 关于Emma和Ella表演的对话
【学生活动】Ss: Students listen, repeat, and role-play the conversations in pairs.
Step 4 Production（拓展输出）（5~8 min）
Role Play 角色扮演
【教师活动】T: Now work in pairs and role-play the two conversations. Pay attention to your pronunciation, intonation, and cooperation.
评价标准：
语音语调【10分】：发音准确、语调自然、合理运用连读弱读。
内容呈现【10分】：动作、表情贴合语境，停顿时长、位置合理。
合作表现【10分】：互动自然，回应及时，眼神、动作交流默契，营造真实交流氛围。
【学生活动】Ss: Students work in pairs and role-play the conversations with proper intonation and expressions.
1e Make Comparisons 口语比较练习
【教师活动】T: Now use the information from 1d to make comparisons. Work in pairs and ask and answer questions about the characters.
Example 1 (Emma & Ella):
A: Is Ella taller than Emma
B: No, she is shorter than Emma.
A: Who dances better, Ella or Emma
B: Ella dances better than Emma.
图3-20 1e Emma与Ella口语比较练习
Example 2 (Chen Jie & Peter):
A: Does Chen Jie work harder than Peter
B: Yes, she does.
A: Who is shyer
B: Chen Jie is shyer than Peter.
图3-21 1e Chen Jie与Peter口语比较练习
【学生活动】Ss: Students work in pairs and make comparisons using the information from 1d.
Pair Work 比较自己与同伴
【教师活动】T: Now compare yourself with your partner using the words in 1a. For example: Li Ming is taller than me. I work harder than Li Ming. I am not as funny as Li Ming.
【学生活动】Ss: Students compare themselves with their partners using comparative sentences.
图3-22 Pair Work 比较自己与同伴的特征
Think and Share 思考与分享
【教师活动】T: Everyone has his or her own strengths and weaknesses. Know your strengths, and learn from others. You will become stronger. What are your strengths What can you learn from your partner
【学生活动】Ss: Students think about their own strengths and weaknesses, and share what they can learn from others.
图3-23 每个人都有优势和不足的思考分享
【知识点】Everyone has his or her own strengths and weaknesses. Know your strengths, and learn from others.
【过渡语】让我们进入语音学习环节，学习音标和语调。
Step 5 Summary & Homework（总结与作业）（2~3 min）
Pronunciation 1: / / and / / 语音学习
【教师活动】T: Now let's learn pronunciation. Listen and repeat. Add one more word to each group. The first group is / / sound: er, ir, ur, ear. The second group is / / sound: a, e, o, er/or.
/ / 音字母组合：er (term, person), ir (first, dirty), ur (nurse, Thursday), ear (early, learn)
/ / 音字母组合：a (about, agree), e (quiet, moment), o (together, compare), er/or (number, doctor)
图3-24 / /和/ /音字母组合与拼读练习
【学生活动】Ss: Students listen, repeat, and add one more word to each group.
【发音注意】/ /与/ /的发音区别
/ / 是长元音，嘴唇微微张开，舌身平放，发音时长较长。常见字母组合：er, ir, ur, ear。/ / 是中央元音（schwa），发音短促轻弱，是英语中最常见的元音。常见字母组合：a, e, o, er, or。
Pronunciation 2: Intonation 语调学习
【教师活动】T: Now let's learn about intonation. Listen and read. Notice the intonation. English has two basic intonation patterns: falling tone and rising tone.
降调（↘）：基本意义是“肯定和完结”，通常用于陈述句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句的后半部分、祈使句和感叹句等。
升调（↗）：基本意义是“不确定”和“未完结”，可表示犹豫、怀疑、婉转、含蓄等含义。升调通常用于一般疑问句、陈述句表示疑问等。
图3-25 语调练习与朗读
图3-26 升降调概念与用法讲解
【学生活动】Ss: Students listen, read, and notice the rising and falling tones in sentences.
【判断技巧】语调判断技巧
陈述句用降调：Emma is taller than Ella. ↘特殊疑问句用降调：How are you different ↘一般疑问句用升调：Did you hear about the festival ↗选择疑问句前升后降：Is that Ella or Emma ↗ ↘
Summary 课堂总结
【教师活动】T: Let's summarize what we have learned today. What words and sentences have we learned
通过本课的学习，我能够：
1. 正确朗读并运用本课核心表达
单词和短语：compare, shy, lazy, loud, outgoing, hard-working, perform, alone, solve, flute
句子——表示两者之间的比较：
You work harder than me. I think Ella dances better than her sister.
Emma is taller than Ella. And she sings louder than Ella.
I'm not as outgoing as you.
2. 掌握常见发/ / / /的字母及字母组合并正确拼读；能识别语调，并正确朗读对话。
3. 理解不同人物性格、能力差异是正常现象，培养尊重差异的精神，学会欣赏他人优点。
图3-27 课堂总结与学习成果回顾
Homework 课后作业
【教师活动】T: Here is your homework for today.
1. 阅读教材附录P106-107关于“比较级和最高级”的内容，复习比较级。
2. 运用本课所学用于比较的句型，列出你与好友的共同点和差异，不少于6条。
图3-28 课后作业布置
【学生活动】Ss: Students note down the homework assignments.
【知识点】本课核心词汇：compare, shy, lazy, loud, outgoing, hard-working, perform, alone, solve, flute；核心句型：比较级 + than；as...as... / not as...as...；语音：/ /和/ /的字母组合；升降调的识别与运用
【过渡语】本节课到此结束，同学们再见！
二、板书设计（三栏式）
Key Vocabulary（重点词汇） Grammar Focus（语法聚焦） Useful Expressions（重点句式）
1. shy adj. 害羞的 2. outgoing adj. 外向的 3. loud adj. 大声的 4. lazy adj. 懒惰的 5. hard-working adj. 勤奋的 比较级 + than A is taller than B. A works harder than B. as...as... 句型 as + 原级 + as not as/so + 原级 + as You work harder than me. Emma is taller than Ella. I'm not as outgoing as you. Ella dances better than Emma. She sings louder than Ella.
6. perform v. 表演；执行 7. alone adv. & adj. 独自 8. solve v. 解决；解答 9. flute n. 长笛 pare v. 比较；对比 比较级构成规则： 单音节词 + -er：tall → taller 多音节词 + more：more outgoing 不规则：good → better 语音：/ / (er, ir, ur, ear) 语音：/ / (a, e, o, er/or) 语调：降调↘（陈述句） 语调：升调↗（一般疑问句）
Unit 3 Same or Different — Section A (1a~Pronunciation)

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