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Unit 3 Section B (2a~2c) 学案
—— Vocabulary in Use（人教版八年级上册 2026-2027学年）
姓名 班级
日期 课时 第1课时
一、学习目标
1. 能准确识别、认读 direct、serious、shy、hard-working、outgoing、lazy 等描述性格的词汇，以及 average、spare、differences 等话题词汇，掌握其正确发音、拼写和词义。
2. 能在句子（2b 的语境）和语篇（2c 的小说片段）中恰当运用这些词汇进行表达与交流，完成句子填空、语篇补全等任务，提升词汇在不同语境下的运用能力。
3. 通过了解马克·吐温小说《王子与贫儿》的人物及情节，了解经典文学作品承载的文化内涵。
二、课前预习
活动一：性格词汇预习
回顾 Section B (1a~1e) 中的人物，用合适的性格词汇描述他们，并朗读下列词汇：
Matt 和 Stephen 是严肃的；Diana 有点害羞；Yuan Lei 外向；Zhang Yong 坦率。
词汇预习表（2a 性格词汇）：
单词 音标 词性 释义
shy / a / adj. 害羞的
outgoing / a t ɡ / adj. 外向的
lazy / le zi/ adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的
direct /d rekt/ adj. 率直的；直接的
serious / s ri s/ adj. 严肃的；严重的
hardworking / hɑ d w k / adj. 勤奋的
【思考】这六个性格词汇中，哪些是一对反义词？请连线：
shy —— 勤奋的
lazy —— 外向的
hardworking —— 懒惰的
outgoing —— 害羞的
活动二：话题词汇预习
朗读 2b 词汇框中的单词，并根据句意猜测词义：
average / spare / differences / especially / pleasure / kilometres / population / pleasant
【思考】阅读下面关于上海的小短文，圈出你认识的话题词汇：
Shanghai has a large population. The average rainfall in 2023 was 1,281 mm. When the weather is warm and pleasant, especially in spring, many people wear fashionable clothes and hang out with friends in their spare time.
【思考提示】观察规律
短文中出现了哪些 2b 词汇？它们分别描述了城市的哪个方面（人口、气候、生活）？
三、课堂探究
活动三：2a 词汇蛇形游戏（8~10 min）
Find the words hidden in the word snake. Then match them with the meanings.
在字母网格中找出隐藏的六个单词，并与右侧释义配对：
____________ being afraid to speak in front of people
____________ being friendly and liking to meet people
____________ not wanting to do anything
____________ speaking in a straightforward way
____________ not laughing a lot
____________ putting a lot of time into a job and doing it well
【口语运用】用找出的词汇描述身边的人：
For example: My friend Tom is outgoing. He likes talking with everyone in our class.
My friend ________________________________________________
活动四：2b 句子填空（8~10 min）
Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
词汇框：average / spare / differences / especially / pleasure / kilometres / population / pleasant
1. The __________ of Shanghai is much larger than that of Lanzhou.
2. The weather was __________, with white clouds and warm sunshine.
3. We got great __________ from the prize we won.
4. We should respect the __________ in others.
5. I love all fruits, __________ strawberries.
6. The __________ height of the students in the class is around 1.6 metres.
7. I enjoy reading books in my __________ time.
8. It is about three __________ from my house to school.
【解题技巧】词汇填空四步法
Step 1 浏览方框中的单词，弄懂每个单词的意思
Step 2 通读句子，理解句意
Step 3 依据语境和词汇含义填空，先易后难
Step 4 代入所填词汇，检查句意是否通顺
活动五：2c 语篇补全（10~12 min）
Part 1 走进《王子与贫儿》
阅读作品简介，了解故事背景：
The Prince and the Pauper（《王子与贫儿》）讲述了 16 世纪伦敦的王子 Edward（爱德华）和贫儿 Tom（汤姆）的故事。两人长相相像，偶然交换了衣服与生活。
Part 2 语篇填空
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
词汇框：personality / alike / novel / difference / besides
The prince, Edward, and the poor boy, Tom, are the two characters in Mark Twain’s famous __________, The Prince and the Pauper. They looked _______ and both had kind __________. They exchanged their lives by accident.
During his time as a pauper, Edward learnt to respect others. __________ this, he also realized that people’s lives were much harder than he expected. After becoming king, he made a __________ by trying to help the people of his country.
【解题技巧】语篇填空四步法
Step 1 浏览方框中的单词，弄懂每个单词的意思
Step 2 通读语篇，理解大意
Step 3 依据语境和词汇含义填空，先易后难
Step 4 代入所填词汇，检查语义是否通顺
Part 3 思考与讨论（Think and share）
1. When Edward was treated badly as a “beggar”, and Tom was respected as a “prince”, what does this tell us in that society
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
2. At the end, Edward becomes a better king because of his experience as a pauper. What does this change show
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
3. If you could exchange lives with someone for a day, what do you hope to learn about their world And how might it change your own ideas
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
四、课堂练习
一、根据句意及首字母提示，用 2a 性格词汇填空：
1. Diana is kind of s______. She is afraid to speak in front of people.
2. Yuan Lei is o______. She is friendly and likes to meet people.
3. Tom is l______. He doesn't want to do anything.
4. Zhang Yong is d______. He always speaks in a straightforward way.
5. Stephen is s______. He doesn't laugh a lot.
6. Emma is h________. She puts a lot of time into her job and does it well.
二、用方框中单词的正确形式填空（2b 话题词汇）：
average / spare / differences / especially / pleasure / kilometres / population / pleasant
7. The __________ of Beijing is much larger than that of my hometown.
8. The weather was __________, with white clouds and warm sunshine.
9. We got great __________ from the prize we won.
10. We should respect the __________ in others.
11. I love all fruits, __________ strawberries.
12. The __________ height of the students in the class is around 1.6 metres.
13. I enjoy reading books in my __________ time.
14. It is about three __________ from my house to school.
三、用方框中单词的正确形式填空（2c 小说话题词汇）：
personality / alike / novel / difference / besides
15. Mark Twain's famous __________ The Prince and the Pauper is very interesting.
16. The two brothers look very much __________.
17. Edward and Tom both had kind __________.
18. __________ singing, how do you spend your spare time
19. After becoming king, Edward made a __________ by helping his people.
四、阅读理解（判断正 T / 误 F）：
The prince, Edward, and the poor boy, Tom, are the two characters in Mark Twain's famous novel, The Prince and the Pauper. They looked alike and both had kind personality. They exchanged their lives by accident. During his time as a pauper, Edward learnt to respect others. Besides this, he also realized that people's lives were much harder than he expected. After becoming king, he made a difference by trying to help the people of his country.
( ) 20. Edward and Tom are the two characters in the novel.
( ) 21. Edward and Tom looked different from each other.
( ) 22. Edward became a better king because of his experience as a pauper.
五、归纳总结
本课我学到了：
□ 性格词汇：shy / outgoing / lazy / direct / serious / hardworking
□ 话题词汇：average / spare / differences / especially / pleasure / kilometres / population / pleasant
□ 小说话题词汇：novel / alike / personality / difference / besides
□ 课本 p.28 生词：metre / prince / character / pauper / exchange / accident / by accident / expect
□ 文学作品：《王子与贫儿》（Mark Twain）——身份互换与换位思考
□ 解题技巧：看词辨义 → 语境匹配 → 词形检查 → 代入通读
我还需要加强的地方：
____________________________________________
【课后作业】
1. 用 2b 和 2c 方框中的单词造句，每个单词 1~2 个例句。
2. 阅读小说《王子与贫儿》（The Prince and the Pauper），了解完整故事情节。
六、参考答案
【课前预习答案】
活动一：性格词汇预习
Matt 和 Stephen 是严肃的（serious）；Diana 有点害羞（shy）；Yuan Lei 外向（outgoing）；Zhang Yong 坦率（direct/straightforward）。
反义词连线：shy——外向的(outgoing)；lazy——勤奋的(hardworking)；hardworking——懒惰的(lazy)；outgoing——害羞的(shy)
活动二：话题词汇预习
短文中出现的话题词汇：population（人口）、average（平均的）、pleasant（宜人的）、especially（尤其）、spare（空闲的）。
【课堂探究答案】
活动三：2a 词汇蛇形游戏
shy —— being afraid to speak in front of people
outgoing —— being friendly and liking to meet people
lazy —— not wanting to do anything
direct —— speaking in a straightforward way
serious —— not laughing a lot
hardworking —— putting a lot of time into a job and doing it well
活动四：2b 句子填空
1. population（人口；指上海的人口数量）
2. pleasant（宜人的；描述天气好）
3. pleasure（乐事；愉快；从获奖中得到快乐）
4. differences（差异（复数）；尊重他人的不同）
5. especially（尤其；特别；强调最喜欢草莓）
6. average（平均的；平均身高）
7. spare（空闲的；spare time 空闲时间）
8. kilometres（千米（复数）；kilometre = metre 米）
活动五：2c 语篇填空
第1空：novel（famous novel 著名小说）
第2空：alike（look alike 看起来相像）
第3空：personality（kind personality 善良的性格）
第4空：Besides（Besides this 除此之外，首字母大写）
第5空：difference（make a difference 有所作为）
【课堂练习答案】
一、根据句意及首字母提示填空：
1. shy
2. outgoing
3. lazy
4. direct
5. serious
6. hardworking
二、用方框中单词的正确形式填空（2b 话题词汇）：
7. population
8. pleasant
9. pleasure
10. differences
11. especially
12. average
13. spare
14. kilometres
三、用方框中单词的正确形式填空（2c 小说话题词汇）：
15. novel
16. alike
17. personality
18. Besides
19. difference
四、阅读理解判断正误：
20. T
21. F
22. T

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