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26版人教九年级英语上册教材重难点知识汇总
一、语法疑难
语法项目 常考易错点 例句
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 ①一般过去时强调动作在过去发生，和现在没有关联，仅陈述过去的事实 ②现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 I visited the museum yesterday. 我昨天参观了博物馆。 I have finished my homework.我已经写完作业了。 I have seen this movie before. 我以前看过这部电影。 He has worked here for 2 years.他在这儿工作两年了。
It is/ was + adj.(+ for/ of sb)+to do sth. 和 It is/ was... that... ① It is/ was + adj.(+ for/ of sb)+ to do sth.中的介词用 for还是 of，需根据形容词类型判断：当形容词表示事物所具备的特征或客观情况时，用for；形容词是描述人的特征、品质时，用of ② It is/ was… that…中 it 作形式主语,替代后面的 that 从句；be 动词后可接形容词、名词或过去分词 It is important for us to protect the environment. 对我们来说，保护环境很重要。 It is kind of you to help me with my English. 你真好，帮我补习英语。 It was strange that he didn't come to school yesterday.他昨天没来上学,这很奇怪。 It is a fact that trees can improve air quality. 树木可以改善空气质量，这是一个事实。 It is known that water is very important to all living things.众所周知，水对所有生物都至关重要。
宾语从句 ①语序：宾语从句必须用陈述语序 ② 否定前移：主句主语为第一人称，句子时态为一般现在时，谓语动词是 think，believe, guess等时,如果后面的宾语从句是否定意义，常否定前移 ③时态：宾语从句表达客观事实、科学真理、格言等时，用一般现在时，时态不受主句影响 Can you tell me whom you are waiting for 你能告诉我你在等谁吗 I don't think he is right. 我认为他不对。 The teacher told his students that light travels faster than sound. 老师告诉他的学生，光的传播速度比声音快。
被动语态 ①一般现在时的被动语态结构：主语+am/ is/ are+及物动词的过去分词 ②一般过去时的被动语态结构：主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词 ③一般将来时的被动语态结构： 主语+will+be+及物动词的过去分词 主语+ am/ is/ are going to be+及物动词的过去分词 ④在主动语态中，make，have等使役动词及 see, hear, watch, notice, feel 等感官动词后作宾补的不定式须省去 to，但在被动语态中，省去的 to 必须加上 The camera is made in China. 这部相机是中国制造的。 The boy was saved.这个男孩被救了。 He will be sent to his hometown by his parents next year.明年他的父母将送他回家乡。 The sports meeting is going to be held in June. 六月份将举行运动会。 他们经常看见他帮助别人。 They often see him help others.(主动语态) → He is often seen to help others(by them).(被动语态)
续表
语法项目 常考易错点 例句
关系从句 ①先行词是物时,用 that 或 which 引导关系从句;先行词是人时,用 that, who 或whom引导关系从句 ②that, which 和 who 在从句中可作主语或宾语，whom只能作宾语 ③that, which 和 who 在从句中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不可省略 The lessons that/ which he taught were not easily forgotten.他教的课不容易忘记。 I like the teachers that/ who understand me. 我喜欢理解我的老师。 The teacher whom we met this morning is very kind. 我们今早见到的那位老师很和蔼。 This is the book(that/ which)I read last night. 这是我昨晚读的那本书。 The boy who plays basketball is tall. 打篮球的那个男孩很高。
主谓一致 ①语法一致原则：主语的单复数形式决定谓语动词的单复数形式 ②意义一致原则：主语形式上是单数，但意义是复数，谓语用复数；反之，形式复数、意义单数，谓语用单数 ③就近一致原则：谓语单复数由靠近的主语决定 Water is very important for living things. 水对生物很重要。 They’re talking about environmental protection. 他们在讨论环保。 Our class is a big family.我们班是一个大家庭。(指整体，单数) Our class are planting trees on the hill.我们班正在山上植树。(指成员，复数) Ten years is a long time. 十年是一段很长的时间。 There are many books and a pencil box on the desk. 课桌上有许多书和一个文具盒。
易混易误单词
account n. 账户；账目count v. 数数
aloud adv. 出声地；大声地loud adj. 响亮的；大声的 adv. 响亮地；大声地
aspect n. 方面respect n. & v. 尊敬；尊重
billion num. 十亿million num. 百万
blood n. 血bleed v. 流血；失血
board n. 板；牌子aboard adv. 在 (船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等) 上
cancel v. 取消；终止cancer n. 癌；癌症
compete v. 参加比赛；竞争complete v. 完成；结束 adj. 完全的；彻底的
courage n. 勇气；勇敢encourage v. 鼓励；激励
drown v. (使) 淹死；(使) 溺毙down adv., prep. & adj. 向下 (的)，往下 (的)
electric adj. 电的；令人激动的electronic adj. 电子的 electricity n.电流
figure n. (冰上动作的) 花样；数字；人物finger n. 手指
hunger n. 饥饿hungry adj. 饥饿的 hungrily adv.饥饿地
launch v. & n. 发射；发起lunch n. 午餐
likely adj. 可能的lively adj. 精力充沛的；生气勃勃的 alive adj.活着的
neither conj. & pron. 两者皆非；两者都不either det.& pron. (两者中的) 任何一个
produce v. 生产；繁育 product n. 产品 production n.产量
recall v. 回忆起；回想起 retell v. 复述
socialism n. 社会主义 socialist adj. 社会主义的 n. 社会主义者
speed n. 速度 v. 加速；促进 spread n.& v. 传播；散布
whether conj. 是否 weather n. 天气
wide adj. 宽的；宽阔的 wild adj. 野生的；自然生长的
wisdom n. 智慧；学问 window n. 窗户 wound n. 伤口；创伤 v. 使受伤 would modal v. 将，将会
三、常考短语
1.above all最重要的是;尤其是
2.advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
3.all over the world 全世界
4.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
5.avoid doing sth 避免做某事
6.be covered with 被……覆盖
7.be determined to do sth 下定决心做某事
8.be happy with 对……感到满意
9.be looking to do sth 试图找到做某事的方法
10.be supposed to do/ be sth 应当做(某事)或是(某物)
11.build up 增加;加强;创建
12.catch up with 赶上;追上(某人)
e across(偶然)遇见;发现
e true 实现;成为现实
15.cooperate with 合作;协作;配合
16.divide sth into...把某物分为……
17.drop out(of sth)辍学;不再参加
18.fair and square 光明正大
19.fall asleep 入睡
20.go through 经历;仔细察看
21.have trouble doing sth 做某事有麻烦
22.imagine sb doing sth 想象某人正在做某事
23.in addition 另外;此外
24.in case 以防万一
25.in general 总的来说;通常
26.in part 在某种程度上；部分地
27.in sb's case 就某人的情况而言
28.in wonder 惊奇地
29.keep(…) in mind 记在心中;记住
30.lead to 导致;造成
31.leave behind 留下;遗留
32.look down on 轻视;蔑视
look up 查阅;检查
look up to sb 钦佩;仰慕
make up ground on sb/ sth 逼近正在向前的人或物
manage to do sth 设法做成某事;努力完成某事
on board 在船(或火车、飞机)上
put off推迟;拖延
put sth to good use 有效使用(或利用)某物
reform and opening-up 改革开放
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
responsible for sth 引起某事
result in 造成;导致
run out(of sth)用完;耗尽
set a record 创造纪录35.set foot on 访问;参观(某地)
sing along with 随着唱
speed up(使)加速
step by step 逐步地;循序渐进地
succeed in doing sth 成功做某事
take advantage of利用
take the lead 带头(做某事)
tap one's feet 用脚打节拍
to start with 首先
try out 参加选拔;试用
used to do sth 曾经做过某事/过去常常做某事
be used to do sth/for doing sth被用来做某事
be/get used to(doing)习惯（做）某事
wear out 使疲乏;磨损
with ease 轻而易举地
young and old 老老少少
四、常考句型
1.表达观点
(1) make it+形容词(+ for sb)+ to do sth使得(某人)做某事……
Recycling makes it possible for us to reuse waste materials.
回收利用让我们能够重复利用废弃材料。
(2) It is said that…据说……
It is said that pandas are one of the most precious animals in the world.
据说熊猫是世界上最珍贵的动物之一。
(3) It is believed that…人们认为……
It was believed that this kind of plant could cure diseases in ancient times.
在古代，人们认为这种植物可以治病。
(4) find it+形容词+ to do sth觉得/认为做某事……
Many teenagers find it interesting to learn how to make Chinese knots.
很多青少年觉得学习制作中国结很有趣。
2.提出建议
Would you like to do sth 你想要做某事吗
Would you like to share your ideas about this
traditional story 你愿意分享一下对这个传统故事的看法吗
3.表达结果
(1) That's why...那就是为什么……
She studied hard all year. That's why she got
good grades.她一整年都努力学习,那就是她取得好成绩的原因。
(2) so+形容词/副词+ that从句 如此……以至于……
He speaks so clearly that everyone can understand him.
他说得如此清楚，以至于每个人都能听懂。
4.表达目的
so that为了;以便
She gets up early so that she will not miss the bus.她早起，以便不会错过公共汽车。
5.表达感谢
Thanks for sth.因……而感谢。
Thanks for asking me to your party.
感谢你邀请我参加你的聚会。
6.表示花费
(1) It takes(sb) some time to do sth.做某事花费(某人)一段时间。
It takes me 20 minutes to walk to school everyday.每天步行去上学花费我20分钟。
(2) Sb spends some time doing sth.某人花费一段时间做某事。
We spent two hours planting trees on the hill.
我们花了两小时在山上种树。
7.表达推测
It seems likely that…似乎很有可能……
It seems likely that it will rain this afternoon.
今天下午似乎很有可能会下雨。
8.感叹句
(1)what引导的感叹句
①What +a/ an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语+其他)！
What a beautiful flower it is!
多么漂亮的一朵花啊！
②What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数(+主语+谓语+其他)！
What delicious food it is!多么美味的食物啊!
What happy children they are!
多么快乐的孩子们啊！
(2)how引导的感叹句
How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语+其他)！
How tall the building is!这栋楼多么高啊!
How fast he runs!他跑得多么快啊!
9.其他
(1) one of+ the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最……的……之一
Li Ming is one of the most hard-working students in our class.
李明是我们班最勤奋的学生之一。
(2) The+比较级, the+比较级.越……就越……
The earlier you get up, the more time you will have to read.
你起床越早，就有越多的时间阅读。
(3) What do you mean by… ……是什么意思
What do you mean by the symbol on this public transportation sign
这个公共交通标识上的符号是什么意思

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