资源简介

一、温故
（一）听力策略
Pay attention to the setting:
When you listen, always ask yourself, “Where is this probably happening ” Understanding the setting will help you understand the type and content of the communication more clearly.
（二）议论文逻辑连接词回顾
1. 表达个人观点：______________________________________
2. 递进罗列理由：to begin with, what is more, ________, besides
3. 因果关系：because, as, thus, therefore, ________
4. 举例论证：for example, ________
5. 同义转述、解释说明：in other words, ________
6. 总结全文：in short, to sum up, ________
二、知新
（一）重点词汇
________ adj. 巨大的；突然的；急剧的；戏剧（般）的
expense n. ________
________ adj. 巨大的；极大的
________ vi. 表现 vi. & vt. 表现得体；有礼貌
surroundings n. ________
surrounding adj. ________
________ adj. 成熟的
depressed adj. ________
________ vt. 使沮丧；使忧愁
________ vi. & n. 迅速发展；繁荣
________ vi. & vt. 加强；增强；巩固
________ vt. 否认；否定；拒绝
________ adj. 乐观的
________ vt. 获得；赢得；取得；增加 n. 好处；增加
perspective n. ________
competence n. ________
competent adj. ________
envoy n. ________
________ vi. 合作；协作；配合
angle n. ________
outlook n. ________
belt n. ________
initiative n. ________
sincerely adv. ________
budget n. ________
________ adj. 合乎逻辑的；合情合理的
outcome n. ________
（二）重点短语
cost an arm and a leg ________
side with ________
as far as I know ________
________ 就我而言；依我看来
in summary ________
________ 一般来说
（三）语篇略读
1. What is the text type of these two passages
A. Argumentative letters. B. Narrative stories.
C. Descriptive essays. D. Practical notice.
2. Where are the two letters from
A. A local newspaper B. A school textbook only
C. An international travel magazine D. A university notice board
3. What is the core topic of the two letters
A. How to reduce the cost of studying abroad
B. Whether studying abroad is a good or bad choice
C. How to adapt to foreign campus life quickly
D. The best countries for Chinese students to study abroad
（四）写作指导——“出国留学”议论文
1. 文体说明
本文为报社读者来信类观点_________，写作目的是向编辑表达自己对“出国留学”的明确看法，兼具书信格式与议论文论证逻辑。
（1）核心写作要求
格式规范：标准英文_______结构；
立场清晰：支持 / 反对 / 辩证折中三选一，不可模糊中立；
逻辑分层：2–3个_________，每段配事实论据；
逻辑词丰富：使用表递进、因果、举例、总结的连接词串联全文；
具备思辨：结尾承认_________观点合理之处，再强化自身立场。
（2）时态规范
描述当下留学社会现状：_____________；
列举留学带来的长期影响、利弊：____________；
提出个人建议、展望：情态动词 can /should/will。
2. 写作结构
（1）Paragraph 1书信开头段：称呼 + ___________ + 亮明中心观点
书信固定称呼：Dear Editor,
铺垫背景：如今出国留学成为热门选择，大众对此褒贬不一；
直接表明个人立场，概括 2–3 个核心理由。
（2）Paragraph 2 主体段 1：第一层分论点 + 细节论据
逻辑公式：分论点_______ → 解释道理 → 举例佐证（课本素材 / 生活实例）
（3）Paragraph 3 主体段 2：第二层分论点 + 辩证让步（高分核心）
先写己方第二个优势 / 弊端；
辩证转折：承认_________存在合理优点；
再次转折：但其短板更加突出，强化自身立场。
（4）Paragraph 4 书信结尾段：总结全文 + 给出合理建议 + 书信落款
简要复述全部论点，重申个人观点；
针对学生 / 家长给出实用________；
书信固定结尾：__________________
根据课本内容填空。
Passage 1
Dear Editor,
In the past few decades, _________________________ the number of people studying abroad. Although studying abroad can bring great benefits, I think the disadvantages for young people are greater.
________________, many students who study abroad face great economic pressure. That means studying abroad is just not possible for everyone. Tuition fees and _____________ are much higher than at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg. Studying in China is much more convenient and can help save money.
_________________________ is the tremendous pressure that comes with studying abroad. Students must learn how to live in an unfamiliar environment with limited language skills. _________________ and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. _____________________ to handle the challenges by themselves and may become depressed. Some students might even encounter problems with personal safety. ______________, different approaches to teaching and learning may come as a shock to many students.
_____________________ is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits, young people who study in China also have a great future to _______________! As China has boomed, the educational environment has improved significantly, with many great universities now available. They have great facilities and outstanding professors, helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country.
______________, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages, so when you think about studying abroad, you should consider these many factors.
Kind regards,
Wang Li (mother of twin girls)
Passage 2
Dear Editor,
____________________________ There are certainly disadvantages, but in my opinion, the advantages are much greater. As I always tell my son, there are no great difficulties for a person who is brave, optimistic, and willing to work hard!
_______________________ is personal growth. The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better. For example, you will certainly become more independent because you will have to deal with all kinds of difficulties by yourself. Studying abroad also helps you to ________________ and improve your general competence.
Another advantage is the increased chance for cultural exchange. Chinese students can be seen as cultural envoys promoting friendship between nations. International students in China also bring their colourful cultures here. ________________ people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives us more insight into our own culture.
Finally, studying abroad ___________________ contribute to the development of our motherland. China’s global outlook, with projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative, has helped us make connections across the world. Therefore, China needs more talented young people with a global perspective who are highly competent with languages, have leadership and organisational skills, and have strong ______________. Students who study abroad will develop such skills and abilities, and these in turn will provide them with better career opportunities.
__________, studying abroad helps to build character and increase people’s understanding of __________________ while strengthening China and building a shared future for all. I think this life-changing experience is certainly worthwhile, and I hope my child will study abroad in the future.
Sincerely yours,
Zhang Yi (father of one boy)
一、中国留学潮的演进
中国人出国留学有着超过一个半世纪的历史。清末民初，一批批青年学子肩负着“师夷长技以制夷”的使命，远赴欧美和日本学习军事、工程、医学和政治。这些早期留学生回国后，成为中国近代化进程中的重要力量。新中国成立后，留学一度受到政治局势的影响，人数有限。改革开放以后，国家确立了“支持留学、鼓励回国、来去自由”的方针，留学人数迅速攀升。
进入二十一世纪，中国成为世界上最大的留学生输出国。美国、英国、澳大利亚、加拿大等英语国家长期位居中国留学生首选目的地。近年来，随着“一带一路”倡议的推进，赴德国、法国、意大利、俄罗斯、日本、韩国以及东南亚国家留学的中国学生也在增加，留学目的地更加多元化。与此同时，留学专业结构也在发生变化：传统的商科、工程和计算机依然热门，但人工智能、数据科学、环境科学、公共卫生、文化创意产业等新兴领域吸引了越来越多的学生。
二、留学归国的先驱与栋梁
1. 容闳：中国留学美国第一人
容闳是中国近代留学史上一个绕不开的名字。他出生于1828年的广东珠海，少年时被送到澳门的一所教会学校读书，后来随老师前往美国，于1854年从耶鲁大学毕业，成为第一位获得美国大学学位的中国人。在当时的时代背景下，容闳的求学之路充满艰辛：语言障碍、经济困难、文化隔阂以及美国社会对亚裔的偏见，都是他必须克服的挑战。
容闳最重要的贡献在于推动了清朝政府的留美幼童计划。他深知，要让中国真正走向现代化，必须培养一批了解西方科学技术的人才。在他的积极倡导和努力下，清政府于1872年开始选派幼童赴美留学，前后共四批、一百二十名中国少年远渡重洋，学习军事、工程、铁路、电报、矿业等实用学科。虽然这个计划因守旧势力的阻挠而中途夭折，但这些幼童中涌现出詹天佑、唐绍仪、蔡绍基等杰出人物，对中国近代化产生了深远影响。
2. 詹天佑：从耶鲁走出的铁路工程师
詹天佑是留美幼童中最杰出的代表之一。他十二岁赴美，先后在美国康涅狄格州和耶鲁大学学习，主修土木工程，尤其擅长铁路工程。回国后，他投身于中国铁路建设，主持修建了京张铁路，这是中国自主设计并建造的第一条干线铁路。
京张铁路的修建面临巨大的工程挑战。线路需要穿越八达岭等险峻山区，地形复杂，施工难度极大。詹天佑创造性地采用了“人”字形线路设计，巧妙解决了坡度问题，并首次在中国使用竖井开凿隧道的方法。1909 年，京张铁路建成通车，比原计划提前两年完成，造价也低于预算。这一成就不仅打破了外国人对中国工程技术能力的偏见，也极大振奋了民族自信心。
3. 钱学森：跨越太平洋的科学抉择
钱学森是中国航天事业的奠基人之一，也是二十世纪最著名的中国留学生之一。他 1935 年赴美留学，进入麻省理工学院学习航空工程，后转入加州理工学院，师从著名空气动力学家冯·卡门，获得博士学位。在美国期间，钱学森参与了多项重要的航空航天研究，成为该领域的世界级专家。
然而，钱学森始终心系祖国。新中国成立后，他毅然决定回国效力，却遭到美国政府的无理阻挠，被软禁长达五年之久。最终，在中国政府的努力和各方的帮助下，钱学森于 1955 年回到中国，随即投身于“两弹一星”事业。他参与领导了中国导弹、原子弹和人造卫星的研制工作，为中国国防科技事业的发展作出了不可磨灭的贡献。
4. 邓稼先：隐姓埋名的核武元勋
邓稼先是中国核武器理论研究工作的奠基人和开拓者之一，被誉为“两弹元勋”。他1948年赴美留学，进入普渡大学物理系攻读博士学位。由于他天资聪颖、勤奋刻苦，仅用不到两年时间便获得博士学位，当时年仅二十六岁，被同学们称为“娃娃博士”。
新中国成立后，邓稼先放弃了在美国优越的科研条件和生活待遇，于1950年回国。此后，他隐姓埋名二十八年，带领团队在中国的西北荒漠中开展原子弹和氢弹的理论研究。在那段极其艰苦的岁月里，他和同事们克服了资料匮乏、设备简陋、环境恶劣等重重困难，成功研制出中国第一颗原子弹和第一颗氢弹，使中国成为世界上少数几个掌握核武器的国家之一。
三、影视推荐
1. 电影《中国合伙人》（2013）以中国著名英语培训机构新东方的创业故事为原型，讲述了三个年轻人在二十世纪八九十年代赴美留学、回国创业的经历。影片不仅呈现了留学潮的历史背景，也探讨了友谊、梦想、中西文化碰撞和个人价值实现等主题。
2. 纪录片《世界的孩子》（系列）聚焦中国留学生在海外的生活，记录了他们在学业、情感、家庭和职业方面的真实经历。与好莱坞式的留学想象不同，这部纪录片呈现了更加复杂和真实的留学图景，既有成功的喜悦，也有孤独的挣扎。
3. 《International Student》（国际学生）是一部反映留学生生活的影视作品，展现了来自不同国家的学生在海外校园中的学习、生活和情感故事。
答案及解析
温故知新·基础填空
一、温故
（一）听力策略
to predict what you will hear pictures what will be talked about
（二）议论文逻辑连接词回顾
1. in my opinion, as far as I know, personally speaking
2. to begin with, what is more, in addition, besides
3. because, as, thus, therefore, as a result
4. for example, for instance
5. in other words, that is to say
6. in short, to sum up, in conclusion, all in all
二、知新
（一）重点单词
dramatic
费用；花费；开销
tremendous
behave
环境；周围的事物
周围的；附近的
mature
沮丧的；意志消沉的
depress
boom
strengthen
deny
optimistic
gain
（思考问题的）角度；观点
能力；胜任；本领
有能力的；称职的
使者；使节；代表
cooperate
角；角度；立场
前景；可能性；观点
腰带；地带
倡议；新方案
真诚地；诚实地
预算
logical
结果；效果
（二）重点短语
（使）花一大笔钱
支持；站在……的一边
据我所知
as far as I am concerned
总的来说；总之
generally speaking
（三）语篇略读
1. A
2. A
3. B
（四）写作指导
1. 议论文；书信；分论点；对立；一般现在时；一般现在时
2. 话题引入；主题句；另一方；建议；Yours sincerely, + 姓名
基础过关·课前自测
Passage 1
there has been a dramatic increase in
To begin with
living expenses
Another important factor to consider
Some may struggle
Other students are not mature enough
In addition
A final point to consider
look forward to
To sum up
Passage 2
Is studying abroad a good idea or not
The first advantage of studying abroad
gain a global perspective
Cooperating with
provides a great opportunity to
cultural awareness
All in all
cultural diversity

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