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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2026 - 2027学年八年级英语上册单元综合素养培优卷沪教版（新教材）
Unit 1 Look it up!
注意事项
1. 全卷满分120分。考试时间120分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在指定区域，答在非答题区无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：60分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．You can ________ the guide book to find out how to use the library's online resources.
A．refer to B．look at C．talk about D．hear from
2．—The train to Nanchang left ten minutes ago. What can I do
—You can do ________ but wait for the next train to Nanchang.
A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
3．This dictionary is very useful because it ________ not only meanings but also example sentences.
A．includes B．tells C．speaks D．says
4．—How do you usually learn new words
—I often ________ the dictionary to get their detailed explanations.
A．ask B．refer to C．talk to D．look at
5．When you don’t know a word, you can ________ it ________ in a dictionary.
A．look; up B．look; for C．look; after D．look; out
6．The word “bright” has several ________. You need to judge by the context.
A．meanings B．pronunciations C．examples D．tools
7．It’s necessary ________ us to learn how to use a dictionary effectively.
A．of B．for C．to D．with
8．Don’t stop reading when you meet a new word, you can ________ its meaning first.
A．guess B．explain C．check D．write
9．—What do you think of this new encyclopedia
—It’s ________. It has almost all the information I need.
A．awful B．useless C．perfect D．boring
10．I don’t know ________ the word “succeed” is used in a sentence. Can you tell me
A．how B．what C．why D．when
11．—Where can I find the ________ of this word
—You can check the phonetic symbol next to it.
A．spelling B．pronunciation C．meaning D．part of speech
12．—Is there ________ interesting in today’s magazine
—Yes, there’s a story about space travel.
A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything
13．—Thanks for helping me look up so many words!
—________.
A．All right B．That’s right C．You’re welcome D．That’s all
14．He prefers reading books ________ playing computer games in his free time.
A．instead B．instead of C．because D．because of
15．He is good at ________ information from different websites.
A．collect B．collecting C．to collect D．collects
二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
My friend Tom is a very good student. He always gets high 16 in exams. One day, I asked him 17 secret of his success.
He smiled and said, “I 18 my learning style when I was in primary school. I am a visual 19 , so I use a lot of pictures and 20 to help me remember things.”
Tom showed me his notebook. It was full of colourful 21 and mind maps. “I also 22 educational videos.” he said, “They help me 23 difficult concepts more easily.”
I am 24 from Tom. I learn best by listening. So I started 25 my lessons and listening to them again at night. To my surprise, my grades 26 improved.
My teacher told us, “Everyone has a suitable learning style for them. Find yours and use it 27 .” She also said that trying different methods is 28 because sometimes one method may not work for every subject.
Now I understand that there is no single way to learn. You should also learn 29 your mistakes. The most important thing is to keep 30 new methods until you find what works best for you.
16．A．marks B．prices C．costs D．records
17．A．a B．an C．the D．/
18．A．hid B．discovered C．changed D．forgot
19．A．teacher B．student C．learner D．reader
20．A．diagrams B．foods C．clothes D．stories
21．A．pens B．books C．notes D．desks
22．A．avoid B．watch C．hate D．skip
23．A．forget B．create C．understand D．ignore
24．A．same B．different C．similar D．familiar
25．A．recording B．playing C．drawing D．writing
26．A．never B．seldom C．greatly D．slightly
27．A．wisely B．hardly C．lazily D．nervously
28．A．useless B．painful C．helpful D．helpless
29．A．for B．from C．with D．to
30．A．rejecting B．trying C．refusing D．copying
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
A
If you go to the Gulf of Mexico, you can see there is a big hole. It is called the Chicxulub Crater. Some people believe it was because of a huge asteroid (小行星) hitting this place, and the hit made dinosaurs die out millions of years ago.
This idea was first suggested in 1980. Later, scientists used special tools to find out what would happen if it was true. It showed that the asteroid could hit Earth at 40,000 miles per hour, leading to a big hole, a great tsunami (海啸), earthquakes, and the melting (熔化) of tons of rocks. The hit took away millions of lives around the Chicxulub Crater.
The terrible story didn’t stop there. Minutes later, hot rocks started to rain down, and there was deadly dirt everywhere on the ground. More animals were burnt to death. After several hours, a super-hot wind knocked down anything still standing.
In weeks, the sky was full of ash. Days became nights. This covered the sunlight for months or even years. Many plants died first. Then lots of animals died too because of food shortages, including almost all dinosaurs.
Although this idea sounds possible, the question of how dinosaurs died out remains unsolved scientifically. But as scientists discover more dinosaur fossils, we may know the truth one day.
31．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．The idea that a rock from space made a big hole on Earth.
B．The thought that the asteroid made dinosaurs die out.
C．The truth that all dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.
D．The fact that the Chicxulub Crater is in the Gulf of Mexico.
32．According to the scientists, what happened when the asteroid hit Earth
A．A big hole appeared in North America.
B．The asteroid hit Earth at 40,000 miles per second.
C．The hit made lots of rocks melt.
D．Millions of lives were lost in Mexico.
33．According to the idea, what was the reason for the death of almost all dinosaurs
A．Food shortages. B．No sunlight. C．Ash and dirt. D．The asteroid’s hit.
34．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．The dirt after the hit didn’t hurt animals on the ground.
B．Hours later, animals died because of harmful gases.
C．We will surely know the truth from dinosaur fossils.
D．There isn’t a scientific reason for the dinosaurs’ die-off.
35．Where can you probably find this passage
A．In a storybook about dinosaurs.
B．In a science book about space.
C．In an encyclopaedia of animals.
D．In a travel magazine about Mexico.
B
An encyclopaedia is a useful special reference book, or a set of books. It contains valuable information on many different subjects, or it can focus deeply on one subject. For over 2,000 years, encyclopaedias have summarized human knowledge to help people learn.
The word “encyclopaedia” comes from ancient Greek words meaning “all-round education”. At first, it described a complete system of learning. A German writer, Paul Scalich, was the first to use “encyclopaedia” as the actual title for a book in 1559. Before that, these books often had creative names or were simply called “dictionaries”. Denis Diderot later made “encyclopaedia” more popular with his well-known French “Encyclopédie”.
The meaning of “encyclopaedia” has changed greatly. Today, people usually think of a large set of books. These books often include maps, pictures, and an index to help find information. They cover many various topics, including biographies of important people, both in the past and at present. Many experts write these articles, and skilled editors carefully put them together.
However, encyclopaedias weren’t always exactly like this. In the past, some were just a single book written by one person, while others were indeed huge sets. They didn’t always have illustrations or information about living people. Arranging topics alphabetically or using languages other than Latin took many years to become very common.
Encyclopaedias can cover all knowledge or focus on specific broad areas, like history or science. They are important because they record what people knew at different specific times. Even old encyclopaedias are valuable because they contain writings from many great thinkers and leaders, showing how our understanding of the world has greatly grown.
36．What is the main purpose of an encyclopaedia
A．To replace formal education systems. B．To advertise new scientific discoveries.
C．To entertain readers with creative stories. D．To summarize human knowledge for learning.
37．How did early encyclopaedias differ from modern ones
A．They focused only on science. B．They were always written in Latin.
C．They often didn’t have illustrations. D．They never covered multiple subjects.
38．What does the underlined word “index” in Paragraph 3 probably mean in Chinese
A．索引 B．封皮 C．脚注 D．标题
39．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
(①Modern features ②Definition ③Value ④Past features ⑤History)
A．②→⑤→①→④→③ B．⑤→②→④→①→③
C．②→①→⑤→③→④ D．①→⑤→②→④→③
40．Where is the passage probably taken from
A．A fiction novel about Greek scholars. B．A museum guidebook about ancient books.
C．A newspaper article on modern technology. D．An educational magazine on knowledge tools.
C
Albert Einstein (1879—1955)
Early Life
Albert Einstein was born in 1879 in Germany. He had been an extraordinary person since he was born. He was always interested in things around him and full of imagination. He loved watching things carefully and asking a lot of questions about them. His questions were often hard to answer for teachers.
Schooling
Einstein started school in 1885. He did well in Maths and Science. Einstein finished grammar school in Germany and entered a university. He graduated (大学毕业) with the subject teacher diploma for Maths and Physics in 1900.
Scientific Work
After graduation, Einstein worked at the Swiss Patent Office. He spent much time studying physics. By 1909, Einstein had become a top scientist. Though he became successful in the field of science, he still worked hard on scientific research. Finally, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for the year 1921.
Later Life
Einstein kept doing his research until he died in 1955. Scientists studied his brain after his death to see if there was anything special about it. However, there was no answer.
Today, many famous scientists still think Einstein is the smartest man in the world.
41．Where can you probably find this passage
A．In an encyclopaedia. B．In an advertisement (广告).
C．In a travel guide. D．In a dictionary.
42．From the passage, we can learn that Albert Einstein ________.
A．was not good at asking questions B．did well in all his schoolwork
C．worked as a doctor after he graduated D．had great achievements in Physics
43．What does the underlined word “extraordinary” mean in Chinese
A．幽默的 B．笨拙的 C．非凡的 D．普通的
44．Which of the following shows the order of Einstein’s experience
a. Albert Einstein asked a lot of questions about things.
b. Albert Einstein won the Nobel Prize for Physics.
c. Albert Einstein started his school life in Germany.
d. Albert Einstein became a top scientist in the world.
e. Albert Einstein got a job at the Swiss Patent Office.
A．a-c-b-e-d B．a-c-e-d-b C．c-a-b-e-d D．c-a-e-d-b
45．What can we know from the last two paragraphs
A．Nobody could be smarter than Albert Einstein.
B．Scientists found out why Albert Einstein was so smart.
C．Scientists showed great interest in Albert Einstein’s brain.
D．Albert Einstein couldn’t keep on working in his later life.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：60分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．The teacher made a ________ (correct) to my sentence structure.
47．A good dictionary is very ________ (use) for English learners.
48．You need to write the answer ________ (accurate) in your exercise book.
49．The ________ (develop) of online dictionaries makes word lookup easier.
50．Pay attention to your ________ (pronounce) when you read English words.
51．Please give me an ________ (例子) of how to use this phrase in a sentence.
52．The ________ (基础的) way to use a dictionary is to find the word in alphabetical order.
53．My mother bought me a new ________ (参考) book for my English study.
54．Don’t ________ (犹豫) to ask for help when you meet difficult words.
55．The teacher asked us to ________ (解释) the phrase in our own words.
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．蜜蜂在我们星球的生态系统中起着重要作用。
Bees ____________ in the ecosystem of our planet.
57．我相信我会学到更多有用的知识。
I believe I ________ ________ more useful knowledge.
58．你可以在字典里查阅这些新单词。
You can ________ ________ these new words in the dictionary.
59．她说我是一个聪明的孩子，有着巨大的潜力。
She said I was a(n) ________ kid with great potential.
60．在这次交流活动中，我发现家务劳动对青少年的成长起到重要作用。
During this exchange activity, I find that housework ________ ________ ________ ________ in teenagers’ growth.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
根据短文内容，用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。
Lang Lang was born on June 14, 1982 in Shenyang, Liaoning Province. He is one of the most famous 61 (music) in the world. He is popular because of his intelligence and love for music.
When Lang Lang was two and a half years old, he liked a famous cartoon, Tom and Jerry. One day, he watched Tom playing the piano on TV, and then he became interested in it. From then on, he enjoyed 62 (play) his father’s old piano. Soon he could play a short tune (曲子) by 63 (he). His father was really 64 (surprise) and began to let him take piano lessons.
When he was three, Lang Lang learned the piano 65 Zhu Yafen, a famous music teacher. Two years later, he took part in 66 competition for the first time and won first prize. After that, he 67 (give) the first concert of his life. In his 68 (twenty), Mr. Obama invited him to play the piano at the White House. Lang Lang played the song My Motherland. When the concert was over, he said to the reporter, “I chose this song 69 I love China.”
Now, lots of people love his beautiful music. He is really a born artist! We are all proud of him. More importantly, Lang Lang encourages millions of young people 70 (learn) classical music (古典音乐)!
七、材料作文（本大题共25分）
71．假设你们学校英文报正在举办以“英语学习小助手”为主题的征文活动，请根据以下问题，以“My experience of using dictionaries”为题，写一篇英语短文投稿。
1. What kind of dictionaries do you usually use
2. How do you use them to learn English
3. What benefits have you got from using dictionaries
要求：1.短文需包含所有问题要点，并适当发挥; 2.词数100左右。
My experience of using dictionaries
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：你可以查阅指南手册来找出如何使用图书馆的在线资源。
refer to查阅；look at看；talk about谈论；hear from收到……的来信。根据“to find out how to use...”可知，为了获取信息，需要查阅指南手册。应填refer to。
2．D
【解析】句意：——去南昌的火车十分钟前开了。我能做什么？——除了等下一趟去南昌的火车，你没有什么事可做。
something某事；anything任何事；everything一切事；nothing没有什么。根据“The train to Nanchang left ten minutes ago.”可知火车已经开走了，推测出除了等待别无选择，搭配do nothing but do sth. 意为“只能做某事”。故选D。
3．A
【解析】句意：这本词典非常有用，因为它不仅包含词义，还包含例句。
includes包含；tells告诉；speaks说，发言；says说，表达。根据句意，词典“包含”词义和例句，应选表示“包含、包括”的动词。includes符合语境，其他选项均不能与“meanings”和“example sentences”构成合理搭配。
4．B
【解析】句意：——你通常怎样学习新单词？——我经常查阅字典来获取它们的详细解释。
ask问；refer to查阅；talk to与……交谈；look at看。根据“…the dictionary to get their detailed explanations”可知，此处是指为了获取详细解释而查阅字典，应用refer to。
5．A
【解析】句意：当你不认识一个单词时，你可以在词典里查阅它。
look up查阅；look for寻找；look after照顾；look out当心。根据句中“don’t know a word”与“in a dictionary”可知，本句表达在词典中查阅单词。应填look up。
6．A
【解析】句意：单词“bright”有几个含义。你需要根据上下文来判断。
meanings含义；pronunciations发音；examples例子；tools工具。根据“You need to judge by the context”可知，因为一词多义，所以需结合语境判断具体意思。应填meanings。
7．B
【解析】句意：对我们来说，学会如何有效地使用字典是必要的。
of……的；for对于；to到；with和。在“It’s+adj.+for/of sb.+to do sth.”句型中，当形容词描述事物性质时用介词for，当形容词描述人的品质时用介词of。本题中necessary意为“必要的”，是描述事物性质，故用介词for。
8．A
【解析】句意：当你遇到一个新单词时不要停止阅读，你可以先猜测它的意思。
guess猜测；explain解释；check检查；write写。根据“Don’t stop reading when you meet a new word”可知遇到生词不要停下来查阅，推测出可以先猜测其含义。
9．C
【解析】句意：——你觉得这本新百科全书怎么样？——它是完美的。它几乎包含了我需要的所有信息。
awful糟糕的；useless无用的；perfect完美的；boring无聊的。句中“It has almost all the information I need.”，百科全书包含所需信息，说明它是完美的，perfect在句中作表语。
10．A
【解析】句意：我不知道单词“succeed”在句子中是如何使用的。你能告诉我吗？
how如何；what什么；why为什么；when什么时候。句中“the word ‘succeed’ is used in a sentence”，说明此处询问的是单词的使用方式，即“如何使用”，所以用how引导宾语从句。
11．B
【解析】句意：——我在哪里可以找到这个单词的发音？——你可以查看它旁边的音标。
spelling拼写；pronunciation发音；meaning意思；part of speech词性。根据答语“You can check the phonetic symbol next to it”可知，音标是用来标注单词读音的，所以问的是发音，pronunciation符合语境。
12．B
【解析】句意：——今天的杂志里有什么有趣的内容吗？——是的，有一个关于太空旅行的故事。
something某事/某物（用于肯定句）；anything任何事物（用于否定句和疑问句）；nothing没有什么；everything一切事物。形容词修饰不定代词需后置。本句为一般疑问句，通常用anything。
13．C
【解析】句意：——谢谢你帮我查这么多单词！ ——不客气。
All right好的；That’s right没错；You’re welcome不客气；That’s all就这些，仅此而已。根据此句的语境，答语需要回应感谢的常用表达，“You’re welcome”表示“不客气”，是回应感谢的常用表达，用此回答很恰当，符合此句的语境。
14．B
【解析】句意：空闲时，他更喜欢看书，而不是玩电脑游戏。
instead副词，只能单独使用，后面不能接名词 / 动名词；instead of介词短语，后接名词、代词或动名词；because连词，后接完整句子；because of后接名词，但逻辑表原因，不符合本题偏好取舍的语境。空格后为playing 动名词，表达取舍关系，用instead of，故选B。
15．B
【解析】句意：他擅长从不同的网站收集信息。
固定搭配“be good at doing sth.”意为“擅长做某事”，因此空处应用collecting。
16．A 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．A 21．C 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．B
【导语】本文讲述作者和朋友Tom有不同的学习风格，通过老师建议，明白找到适合自己的方法并不断尝试的重要性。
【解析】16．句意：他总是在考试中得高分。
“get high marks”意为“得高分”，固定搭配，符合句意，故选“marks”。“prices”价格，“costs”成本，“records”记录，均不符合。
17．句意：一天，我问他成功的秘诀是什么。
“the secret of”是固定搭配，表示“……的秘密”，用定冠词“the”。“a/an”表示泛指，“/”零冠词，均不符合。
18．句意：他说：“我在小学时就发现了自己的学习风格。”
根据后文介绍他的学习风格，此处应 表示“发现”，故选“discovered”。“hid”隐藏，“changed”改变，“forgot”忘记，均不符合。
19．句意：我是一名视觉型学习者，所以我使用大量的图片和图表来帮助我记忆。
根据后文“use a lot of pictures and diagrams”，可知他是视觉型“学习者”，故选“learner”。“teacher”老师，“student”学生 (范围太广)，“reader”读者，均不符合。
20．句意：我是一名视觉型学习者，所以我使用大量的图片和图表来帮助我记忆。
空格处应与“pictures”并列，表示视觉型学习常用的工具，故选“diagrams” (图表/示意图)。“foods”食物，“clothes”衣服，“stories”故事，均不符合。
21．句意：他的笔记本上满是五颜六色的笔记和思维导图。
根据“his notebook”，以及“mind maps”，可知上面是“笔记”，故选“notes”。“pens”钢笔，“books”书，“desks”桌子，均不符合。
22．句意：他说：“我也会看教育视频。”
“watch videos”意为“看视频”，符合句意，故选“watch”。“avoid”避免，“hate”讨厌，“skip”跳过，均不符合。
23．句意：它们帮助我更容易地理解困难的概念。
本段是Tom在介绍他的学习方法，此处应表示通过这些方法能帮助他“理解”困难的概念，故选“understand”。“forget”忘记，“create”创造，“ignore”忽视，均不符合。
24．句意：我和Tom不同。
根据后文“I learn best by listening”，与Tom的视觉型学习不同，故选“different”，“be different from”表示“与……不同”。“same”相同，“similar”相似，“familiar”熟悉，均不符合。
25．句意：所以我开始录下课程，并在晚上反复听。
根据前文“I learn best by listening”，可知是“录音”，故选“recording”。“playing”播放，“drawing”画画，“writing”写，均不符合。
26．句意：令我惊讶的是，我的成绩大大提高了。
根据“To my surprise”“greatly”可知，成绩是“大大地”提高了，故选“greatly”。“never”从不，“seldom”很少，“slightly”轻微地，均不符合。
27．句意：找到你的学习风格并明智地使用它。
“wisely”意为“明智地”，符合句意，故选“wisely”。“hardly”几乎不，“lazily”懒惰地，“nervously”紧张地，均不符合。
28．句意：她还说尝试不同的方法是有帮助的，因为有时一种方法可能不适用于所有科目。
根据“sometimes one method may not work for every subject”，可知尝试不同方法是“有帮助的”，故选“helpful”。“useless”无用的，“painful”痛苦的，“helpless”无助的，均不符合。
29．句意：你也应该从错误中学习。
“learn from”是固定搭配，意为“从……中学习”，符合句意，故选“from”。“for”为了，“with”和……一起，“to”到，均不符合。
30．句意：最重要的是不断尝试新方法，直到找到最适合你的。
“keep trying”意为“不断尝试”，符合句意，故选“trying”。“rejecting”拒绝，“refusing”拒绝，“copying”复制，均不符合。
31．B 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文围绕墨西哥湾的希克苏鲁伯陨石坑展开，介绍了小行星撞击地球导致恐龙灭绝的假说，包括撞击后的一系列灾难及恐龙灭绝的原因，最后指出恐龙灭绝之谜尚未完全解开。
【解析】31．词句猜测题。根据“Some people believe it was because of a huge asteroid (小行星) hitting this place, and the hit made dinosaurs die out millions of years ago.”及“This idea was first suggested in 1980. Later, scientists used special tools to find out what would happen if it was true.”可知，“it”指代前文提到的“小行星撞击导致恐龙灭绝”这一观点。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“It showed that the asteroid could hit Earth at 40,000 miles per hour, leading to a big hole, a great tsunami (海啸), earthquakes, and the melting (熔化) of tons of rocks.”可知，小行星撞击地球时导致大量岩石熔化。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“Many plants died first. Then lots of animals died too because of food shortages, including almost all dinosaurs.”可知，几乎所有恐龙灭绝的原因是食物短缺。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据“the question of how dinosaurs died out remains unsolved scientifically.”可知，恐龙灭绝尚无科学定论。故选D。
35．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章围绕小行星撞击地球导致恐龙灭绝的科学假说展开，涉及太空（小行星）与科学知识，因此可能出现在关于太空的科学书中。故选B。
36．D 37．C 38．A 39．A 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了百科全书的历史、定义、现代特征及其价值。
【解析】36．细节理解题。根据“An encyclopaedia is a useful special reference book… to help people learn.”可知，百科全书的主要目的是总结人类知识以供学习。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据“They didn’t always have illustrations or information about living people.”可知，与现代百科全书相比，早期版本常缺少插图。故选C。
38．词句猜测题。根据“an index to help find information”可知，“index”的功能帮助查找信息，所以index意为“索引”。故选A。
39．篇章结构题。根据“An encyclopaedia is a useful special reference book, or a set of books.”可知，第一段介绍百科全书的定义，②排第一；根据“The word ‘encyclopaedia’ comes from ancient Greek words meaning ‘all-round education’.”可知，第二段介绍百科全书的历史，⑤排第二；根据“Today, people usually think of a large set of books. These books often include maps, pictures, and an index to help find information.”可知，第三段介绍现代百科全书的特征，①排第三；根据“However, encyclopaedias weren’t always exactly like this. In the past, some were just a single book written by one person, while others were indeed huge sets. They didn’t always have illustrations or information about living people.”可知，第四段介绍过去百科全书的特征，④排第四；根据“Encyclopaedias can cover all knowledge or focus on specific broad areas, like history or science. They are important because they record what people knew at different specific times.”可知，最后一段介绍百科全书的价值，③排第五。故选A。
40．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了百科全书的相关内容，包括其历史、定义、特征及其价值，所以文章有可能出自一本关于知识工具的教育杂志。故选D。
41．A 42．D 43．C 44．B 45．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的生平。
【解析】41．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了爱因斯坦的生平，可能在百科全书中出现。故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据“Finally, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for the year 1921.”可知，爱因斯坦在物理方面有很大的成就。故选D。
43．词义猜测题。根据“He was always interested in things around him and full of imagination. He loved watching things carefully and asking a lot of questions about them. His questions were often hard to answer for teachers.”可知，爱因斯坦总是对周围的事情感兴趣，并且充满了想象力。他喜欢认真地观看事物并且问许多有关的问题。他的问题对于老师来说经常很难回答。由此可知，爱因斯坦是一个不同寻常的人，因此画线单词的意思是“非凡的”。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据“He loved watching things carefully and asking a lot of questions about them.”，“Einstein started school in 1885.”，“After graduation, Einstein worked at the Swiss Patent Office.”，“By 1909, Einstein had become a top scientist.”和“Finally, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for the year 1921.”可知，正确的顺序是a-c-e-d-b。故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据“Scientists studied his brain after his death to see if there was anything special about it.”可知，科学家们对爱因斯坦的大脑很感兴趣。故选C。
46．correction
【解析】句意：老师对我的句子结构做了一个改正。空格前有不定冠词“a”，需填名词单数作宾语；动词“correct”的名词形式为“correction”，表示“改正、修改”。
47．useful
【解析】句意：一本好词典对英语学习者是非常有用的。“is very”后接形容词作表语，且根据“A good dictionary”可知此处表示好词典有用，填入use的形容词形式useful。
48．accurately
【解析】句意：你需要在练习本上准确地写出答案。此处修饰动词write，需用副词形式。“accurate”是形容词，其副词形式为accurately，意为“准确地”。
49．development
【解析】句意：在线词典的发展使查词变得更简单。空格位于“The”和“of”之间，需填名词作主语；动词“develop”的名词形式为“development”，表示“发展”。
50．pronunciation
【解析】句意：当你读英语单词时，注意你的发音。空格前有your，需填名词作宾语；pronounce的名词形式为pronunciation，表示“发音”。
51．example
【解析】句意：请给我一个如何在句子中使用这个短语的例子。所给中文提示为“例子”，英文对应名词为example，且前面有不定冠词an，用单数形式。
52．basic
【解析】句意：使用词典的基本方法是按字母顺序查找单词。根据中文提示，basic“基础的”符合题意，形容词作定语。
53．reference
【解析】句意：我妈妈给我买了一本新的英语学习参考书。空格位于形容词“new”和名词“book”之间，需填名词作定语修饰“book”，表示“参考书”reference book，直接填“reference”。
54．hesitate
【解析】句意：当你遇到难词时，不要犹豫去寻求帮助。“犹豫”hesitate，否定祈使句Don’t后接动词原形。
55．explain
【解析】句意：老师要求我们用自己的话解释这个短语。“解释”explain，ask sb. to do sth.是固定用法，意为“叫某人做某事”，to后面接动词原形。
56．play an important part/play an important role
【解析】原句中“起着重要作用”是关键词，表示“起着重要作用”的短语是play an important part/role。本句为一般现在时，主语Bees是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填play an important part/role。
57．will learn
【解析】原句中关键词是“会学到”。中文句意中的“会”表示将来发生的动作，因此英语句子需使用一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”。“学到”对应的英语动词是learn。应填will；learn。
58．look up
【解析】原句中“查阅（单词）”为关键信息，固定短语look up表示查阅；情态动词can后接动词原形。
59．intelligent/smart/clever
【解析】原句中“聪明的”是关键词，“聪明的”对应的英文为intelligent/smart/clever，形容词作定语，修饰名词kid。
60．
plays
an
important
role/part
【解析】原句中“起到重要作用”是关键词，表示“起到重要作用”的短语是play an important role/part。宾语从句时态为一般现在时，从句主语housework为不可数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填plays；an；important；role/part。
61．musicians 62．playing 63．himself 64．surprised 65．from 66．a 67．gave 68．twenties 69．because 70．to learn
【导语】本文主要介绍了朗朗的情况。
【解析】61．句意：他是世界上最著名的音乐家之一。根据“He is one of the most famous”可知，此处是one of the+最高级+复数名词“最……之一”，是固定结构，故填musicians。
62．句意：从那时起，他就喜欢弹他父亲的旧钢琴。enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，是固定短语，故填playing。
63．句意：不久，他就能自己弹一支短曲子了。根据“Soon he could play a short tune (曲子) by”可知，此处是短语by oneself“独自地”，故填himself。
64．句意：他的父亲非常惊讶，开始让他上钢琴课。空处作表语，应用形容词，修饰人用ed形容词，故填surprised。
65．句意：三岁时，郎朗师从著名音乐老师朱亚芬学习钢琴。learn from“向……学习”，是固定短语，故填from。
66．句意：两年后，他第一次参加比赛并获得了一等奖。空处修饰单数名词“competition”，表示泛指用不定冠词，辅音音素开头的单词用a修饰，故填a。
67．句意：在那之后，他举办了有生以来的第一场音乐会。介绍过去的事情，动词用过去式，故填gave。
68．句意：20多岁时，奥巴马邀请他在白宫弹钢琴。此处是结构“in one’s+基数词的复数形式”，表示不确定年龄，故填twenties。
69．句意：我选择这首歌是因为我爱中国。空格前后是因果关系，后句是原因，应用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。
70．句意：更重要的是，郎朗鼓励数百万年轻人学习古典音乐！encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，是固定短语，故填to learn。
71．例文
My experience of using dictionaries
I usually use both a paper dictionary and an online dictionary when learning English.
When I meet a new word, I first look up its pronunciation and basic meaning in the paper one. Then I turn to the online dictionary to get more example sentences and learn its different usages.
Using dictionaries has brought me many benefits. It helps me understand words better and use them correctly in my writing. It also improves my self-study ability. Now I don't feel worried when meeting unknown words anymore. I think dictionaries are my best friends in English learning.
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：经验分享类短文，以一般现在时为主
明确要点：使用什么类型的词典、如何使用它们学习英语、使用词典带来的好处
确定人称：第一人称（I/my）为主
注意事项：短文需包含所有问题要点，并适当发挥，词数100左右
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：总起，介绍使用的词典类型
主体段：描述具体使用方法
结尾段：总结使用词典带来的好处
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：使用什么类型的词典
纸质词典和在线词典并用：use both a paper dictionary and an online dictionary when learning English/use both paper dictionaries and online dictionaries/My favorite is an English-Chinese dictionary with many example sentences等
要点二：如何使用它们学习英语
具体使用方法：look up its pronunciation and basic meaning in the paper one/turn to the online dictionary to get more example sentences/learn its different usages/look them up in the dictionary/not only check their meanings but also read the example sentences to understand how to use them/listen to the pronunciation on the online dictionary to improve my speaking skills等
要点三：使用词典带来的好处
使用词典带来的好处：has brought me many benefits/helps me understand words better/use them correctly in my writing/improves my self-study ability/dictionaries are my best friends in English learning/has helped me a lot/my vocabulary has grown greatly/can read English articles more easily/have formed a good habit of learning by myself等
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