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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2026 - 2027学年八年级英语上册单元综合素养培优卷沪教版（新教材）
Unit 2 Amazing numbers
注意事项
1. 全卷满分120分。考试时间120分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在指定区域，答在非答题区无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：60分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．________ people took part in the marathon last year.
A．Thousand of B．Thousands of C．Five thousands D．Five thousand of
2．Some people think the meaning of numbers is ________ science; it’s just a kind of belief.
A．beyond B．across C．along D．against
3．The population of China is much larger than ________ of Japan.
A．this B．that C．these D．those
4．The teacher asked us to ________ our opinions about the amazing numbers we learned.
A．express B．discuss C．develop D．increase
5．The company’s profit ________ 5 million dollars last year.
A．increased by B．increased to C．increased with D．increased of
6．We need to ________ the problem into small parts to solve it easily.
A．divide B．connect C．decide D．relate
7．The population of this city ________ by 10% in the last five years.
A．increased B．has increased C．is increasing D．will increase
8．—I made a mistake in the number calculation.
—________, be careful next time.
A．That’s right B．Never mind C．You’re welcome D．Of course
9．The number of wild animals ________ quickly because of the better environment.
A．rises B．raises C．increases D．develops
10．In China, red is a symbol of good luck, ________ the number 8 means wealth.
A．when B．while C．if D．though
11．—What does the number on the sign mean
—It tells us to keep a ________ distance from the car in front.
A．safe B．safely C．save D．saving
12．We need to ________ the students into four groups to discuss the topic about amazing numbers.
A．connect B．divide C．repeat D．represent
13．In Chinese culture, red lanterns often ________ good wishes for the new year.
A．represent B．repeat C．divide D．connect
14．There are ________ 1000 students in our grade, and ________ of them like math.
A．up to; a number B．up to; the number C．over; number D．above; numbers
15．Many ancient counting ways disappeared ________ the development of modern technology.
A．because B．so C．because of D．if
二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
Counting before numbers
How did people count things a long time ago Before the invention of 16 numbers, people used many different 17 to count things. 18 , people use their fingers, and 19 their toes. However, they could only count small numbers 20 .
After that, they began to make small marks 21 sticks and bones. This helped them count 22 numbers. They used them to count the days of the month, the 23 of food and the number of animals they had.
Then people began to use tokens 24 clay or small stones. This helped them count 25 bigger numbers. They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could 26 them around easily. This 27 into tools like the abacus.
Finally, people began to 28 systems of written marks 29 show different numbers, and this led to the Hindu—Arabic system (0—9). We are still using 30 today.
16．A．writing B．written C．wrote D．to write
17．A．ideas B．ways C．instructions D．orders
18．A．In the end B．However C．At last D．At first
19．A．hardly B．just C．only D．even
20．A．by the way B．on the way C．in this way D．in a way
21．A．on B．in C．to D．with
22．A．smaller B．smallest C．bigger D．big
23．A．order B．amount C．number D．kinds
24．A．made in B．made of C．made by D．made from
25．A．very B．quite C．even D．too
26．A．carry B．take C．walk D．look
27．A．changed B．developed C．got D．turned
28．A．use B．check C．make D．develop
29．A．for B．in C．on D．to
30．A．him B．its C．it D．them
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
A
In the world today, there are more than 8 billion (十亿) people. If this world were a small village with 100 people, what would it look like
Geography●60 would be from Asia. ●16 would be from Africa. ●14 would be from North and South America. ●10 would be from Europe. Gender●50 would be men. ●50 would be women.
Education●86 people would be able to read and write. ●14 people wouldn’t. ●7 people would have a college degree. Technology●47 people would be Internet users. ●53 people would never see anything online.
Food●1 would die from hunger. ●11 would be unhealthy because of food shortage. ●22 would be too heavy. Safety●22 people would have no place to keep away from the wind and rain. ●9 people wouldn’t have access to safe drinking water.
In order to change the world for the better, we must understand what it is like today.
31．How many people in the small village have enough food according to the passage
A．1. B．88. C．22. D．11.
32．How does the writer show us the population situation clearly
A．By asking questions. B．By using numbers.
C．By telling stories. D．By drawing maps.
33．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．More than half of the people can go online.
B．More than half of the people are from Asia.
C．The number of women is not as large as men’s.
D．86% of people would never study in a college.
34．To make the world better, what does the writer want us to do
A．Study hard and go to the college.
B．Eat enough and healthy food every day.
C．Build a larger village for humans to live in.
D．Learn about what the world is like today.
35．What can we infer from the “100-person village” description in the passage
A．People in Europe are the most well-educated in the world.
B．Internet has become a common tool for most people worldwide.
C．There are still problems like hunger and shortage of safe water.
D．Asia should send food to other parts of the world to stop hunger.
B
Numbers are all around us. We use them every day. We use numbers to count, to know time, age, height, weight and population.
Some numbers are very amazing. The population of the world is growing very fast. There are also huge numbers in nature, like the number of stars in the sky.
Numbers help us understand the world better. They tell us how tall a building is, how long a river is, and how heavy an animal is.
Learning numbers can be very interesting. We can find amazing facts by studying different numbers. Knowing numbers well helps us in study and daily life.
36．Where can we find numbers
A．Only in books. B．Everywhere. C．Only at school. D．Only at home.
37．What do numbers help us do
A．Understand the world better.
B．Make more friends.
C．Buy more things.
D．Cook delicious food.
38．What is mentioned as amazing
A．The colour of sky.
B．The world population.
C．The name of animals.
D．The taste of food.
39．What can numbers tell us
A．How a river flows.
B．How heavy an animal is.
C．How a bird flies.
D．How a flower grows.
40．What does the writer think of learning numbers
A．Boring. B．Tiring. C．Interesting. D．Difficult.
C
Ever feel lost with numbers The right graph can help! It makes data clear. Let’s look at the four most common graph types:
Pie ChartIt’s good for showing a certain part of a whole and the proportion (比例) of each part. A pie chart enables you to plan your pocket money wisely:for snacks, books, and savings.
Line GraphAn excellent choice if you want to describe how something changes over time. It is also good for showing big differences. Many teachers prefer using a line graph to track students’ grades.
Bar GraphA bar graph can also show changes over time. However, it’s more direct to make comparisons (对比) between two or more things. That’s why we can use it to compare the popularity of different school clubs among your classmates.
Venn Diagram (维恩图) A Venn Diagram features two overlapping circles. It’s perfect for sorting (分类) information. You can use a Venn Diagram to sort plants. For example, plants with green leaves go on the left; plants with flowers go on the right; plants with both go in the middle where the circles overlap.
41．Where can we probably find the passage
A．In a historical novel. B．In a tour guide.
C．In a sports newspaper. D．In a maths textbook.
42．How many kinds of data display graphs are mentioned in the passage
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
43．If you want to show big differences and how something changes over time, which graph would be a good choice
A．Pie Chart. B．Bar Graph.
C．Line Graph. D．Venn Diagram.
44．The underlined phrase “overlapping circles” means a circle ________.
A．that covers part of another circle.
B．that is inside another circle.
C．that is far away from another circle.
D．that is drawn under another circle.
45．What is the main purpose of this passage
A．To help people create a project.
B．To tell people about the use of data.
C．To introduce some helpful data display methods.
D．To show how Venn Diagrams are different from other ways.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：60分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．The ________ (increase) in temperature has caused many problems.
47．We should take action to slow down the ________ (reduce) of forest areas.
48．He ________ (divide) the cake into eight equal parts yesterday.
49．Please give a brief ________ (describe) of the amazing number facts you know.
50．It’s a ________ (wonder) experience to see the huge numbers of birds migrating.
51．The ________ (人口) of this city has reached five million.
52．It’s reported that ________ (百万) of people are affected by the natural disaster.
53．We need to ________ (表达) our ideas clearly when discussing the number problem.
54．The ________ (成功) of the project is marked by this amazing number.
55．With the ________ (发展) of technology, numbers are used in more fields.
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．如果你坚持练习，你的计算能力就会变得更好。
________ you keep practicing, you ________ ________ better at calculating.
57．数字在我们的日常生活中起着重要作用。
Numbers ________ ________ ________ ________ in our daily life.
58．我每天花二十分钟探索数字趣味知识。
It ________ me twenty minutes ________ ________ fun number knowledge every day.
59．当我有空的时候，我喜欢打篮球而不是看电视。
When I am free, I like ________ basketball ________ ________ ________ TV.
60．每个周末，他们不会游手好闲，而是一起打扫房子并给他们的宠物狗洗澡。
Every weekend, they clean the house and bathe their pet dog together ________ ________ ________ ________.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
There was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer, and mechanic called Zu Chongzhi. Now, he is mainly famous as the 61 (one) person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. And his result remained the most accurate and 62 (early) value in the world for more than 900 years. He also worked out the close value of pi to be 355/113, which he called “the close ratio (比率)”. This ratio was so hard to get 63 a Japanese mathematician named it “Zu’s ratio”.
He was born into a well-educated family. As 64 excellent engineer, his grandfather taught him science. From an early age, he showed great 65 (intelligent) and curiosity. Zu also showed special interests 66 mathematics and astronomy. It is not clear how Zu Chongzhi became interested in 67 (find) the value of pi, yet people have told stories about him. For a long time in the past, people 68 (believe) that the circumference (周长) of a circle was three times its diameter. Zu Chongzhi was not sure about this result and he wanted to prove it by 69 (he). After years of hard work, he 70 (final) worked out the value of pi.
七、材料作文（本大题共25分）
71．假设你们学校英文报正在举办以“神奇的数字”为主题的征文活动，请根据以下问题，以“Amazing numbers around me”为题，写一篇英语短文投稿。
1. What amazing numbers have you noticed in your daily life
2. What do these numbers mean to you or people around you
3. How do you think numbers influence our lives
要求：1. 短文需包含所有问题要点，并适当发挥；2. 词数100左右。
Amazing numbers around me
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B
【解析】句意：去年成千上万的人参加了马拉松比赛。
thousand与具体数字连用时，不加复数词尾-s，也不接介词of；不与具体数字连用，表示不确定的泛指数时，加复数词尾-s 且后接介词of，构成thousands of。本题空前无具体数字，表示概数，应填Thousands of。
2．A
【解析】句意：有些人认为数字的含义超出了科学范畴；它只是一种信仰。
beyond超出；across穿过；along沿着；against反对。根据后半句“it’s just a kind of belief”可知，数字的含义不属于科学范畴，而是超出科学范围的一种信仰，beyond符合语境。
3．B
【解析】句意：中国的人口比日本的人口多得多。
this这个；that那个；these这些；those那些。在比较级句型中，为了避免重复，常用that指代前面出现的单数名词或不可数名词，用those指代复数名词。根据“The population of China is much larger than…of Japan”可知，此处比较的是两国的人口，为了避免重复前面出现的单数名词“population”，应用that指代。
4．A
【解析】句意：老师让我们表达关于我们所学的惊人数字的观点。
express表达；discuss讨论；develop发展；increase增加。根据“our opinions”可知，此处指表达观点，固定搭配express opinions意为“表达观点”，express符合语境。
5．B
【解析】句意：去年这家公司的利润增加到了500万美元。
increased by增长了（涨幅 / 百分比）；increased to增长到（最终具体数值）；increased with随……而增长；increased of无规范固定搭配。根据语境，此处需表达利润最终达到的数值。根据句中“5 million dollars”可知应选increased to。
6．A
【解析】句意：我们需要把这个问题划分成小部分以便容易解决它。
divide划分；connect连接；decide决定；relate联系。根据“into small parts”可知是把问题分成小部分，固定搭配divide...into...意为“把……分成……”。应填divide。
7．B
【解析】句意：这座城市的人口在过去的五年里已经增加了 10%。
根据时间状语“in the last five years”可知，表示动作从过去持续到现在或对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时。应填has increased。
8．B
【解析】句意：——我在数字计算中犯了一个错误。——没关系，下次小心点。
That’s right没错、说得对；Never mind没关系、别在意；You’re welcome不客气；Of course当然。根据上文承认犯了错误，可知此处应回应对方的歉意或失误。结合下文“be careful next time”的语境，此处表示不计较对方的失误。选项B符合题意。
9．C
【解析】句意：由于更好的环境，野生动物的数量迅速增加。
rises上升；raises提高；increases增加；develops发展。主语The number of，意为“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数。根据“because of the better environment”可知环境改善导致数量“增加”，number常与increase搭配，故increases符合语境。
10．B
【解析】句意：在中国，红色是好运的象征，而数字8代表财富。
when当……时候；while然而；if如果；though虽然。本句是对两个文化寓意进行对比，while符合语境。
11．A
【解析】句意：——标志上的数字是什么意思？——它告诉我们要与前车保持一个安全的距离。
safe安全的；safely安全地；save节省；saving节约的，节省的。空处位于冠词a和名词distance之间，需用形容词修饰名词，该处指的是“与前车保持一个安全的距离”，形容词safe符合题意。
12．B
【解析】句意：我们需要把学生分成四组来讨论关于神奇数字的话题.
connect连接；divide分开；repeat重复；represent代表。根据“into four groups”可知，此处表示将学生划分成小组，固定搭配divide...into... 意为“把……分成……”，符合语境。
13．A
【解析】句意：在中国文化中，红灯笼常常代表新年的美好祝愿。
represent代表；repeat重复；divide分开；connect连接。根据“In Chinese culture, red lanterns often…good wishes for the new year.”可知红灯笼象征着美好祝愿，represent符合语境。
14．A
【解析】句意：我们年级有多达1000名学生，其中很多学生喜欢数学。
up to多达（表示数量上限）；a number of许多（修饰可数名词复数，作主语时谓语用复数）；the number of……的数量（作主语时谓语用单数）；over超过（强调超出某一数值）；above在……上方（通常指空间位置或抽象水平）。第一空可用up to/over；第二空表示“其中许多学生”，应用a number of。应填up to; a number。
15．C
【解析】句意：由于现代技术的发展，许多古老的计数方式消失了。
because因为（后接句子）；so所以；because of因为（后接名词或名词短语）；if如果。根据“the development of modern technology”可知，此处为名词短语，应填because of。
16．B 17．B 18．D 19．D 20．C 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文介绍了数字发明之前，人们是如何计数的。
【解析】16．句意：在发明书面数字之前，人们用许多不同的方法来计数。
writing写，为现在分词；written写，为过去分词；wrote写，为write的一般过去式；to write写，为动词不定式。根据“to count things”可知，此句是说在发明书面数字之前，此处用过去分词作定语，表示被动。故选B。
17．句意：在发明书面数字之前，人们用许多不同的方法来计数。
ideas主意；ways方式；instructions说明；orders顺序。根据“people used many different”可知，此句是说用不同的方法计数。故选B。
18．句意：起初，人们用手指，甚至脚趾。
In the end最后；However然而；At last最后；At first起初。根据“people use their fingers”可知，此句是说起初，人们用手指。故选D。
19．句意：起初，人们用手指，甚至脚趾。
hardly几乎不；just仅仅；only只要；even甚至。根据“and...their toes”可知，此句是说人们甚至用脚趾。故选D。
20．句意：然而，他们只能用这种方法计算小的数字。
by the way顺便说一句；on the way在路上；in this way用这种方法；in a way用一种方式。根据“they could only count small numbers”可知，此句是说只能用这种方法算小的数字。故选C。
21．句意：从那以后，他们开始在树枝和骨头上做小记号。
on在……上面；in在……里面；to到；with用。根据“they began to make small marks”可知，此句是说在树枝和骨头上做记号。故选A。
22．句意：这有助于他们计算更大的数字。
smaller更小的；smallest最小的；bigger更大；big大的。根据“They used them to count the days of the month”可知，此句是说有助于计划大的数字。故选C。
23．句意：他们用它们来计算每个月的天数，食物的数量和他们拥有的动物的数量。
order订购；amount数量；number数字；kinds种类。根据“They used them to count”可知，此句是说计算食物的数量。故选B。
24．句意：然后，人们开始使用粘土或小石头制成的代币。
made in在……里制造；made of由……制成，看得出原料；made by被……里制造；made from由……制成，看不出原料。根据“clay or small stones”可知，此句是说使用粘土或小石头制成的代币，从成品不能看出原料。故选D。
25．句意：这有助于他们计算更大的数字。
very很，用于不定冠词之后；quite十分，用于不定冠词前；even甚至；too太。根据“bigger numbers”可知，此句是说有助于计划更大的数字，此处even在比较级中表示程度。故选C。
26．句意：他们经常把代币绑在绳子上，以便随身携带。
carry携带；take带走；walk走路；look看。根据“They often put the tokens on pieces of string”可知，此句是说方便携带。故选A。
27．句意：这就发展成了像算盘这样的工具。
changed改变；developed发展；got得到；turned转弯。根据“into tools like the abacus”可知，此句是说发展成了像算盘这样的工具。故选B。
28．句意：最后，人们开始发展书写符号系统来表示不同的数字，这导致了印度-阿拉伯系统(0-9)。
use使用；check检查；make制造；develop发展。根据“systems of written marks”可知，此句是说发展书写符号系统。故选D。
29．句意：最后，人们开始发展书写符号系统来表示不同的数字，这导致了印度-阿拉伯系统(0-9)。
for为了；in在……里；on在……上面；to不定式符号。根据“show different numbers”可知，此处用动词不定式表示目的。故选D。
30．句意：我们今天还在使用它。
him他；its它的；it它；them它们。根据“and this led to the Hindu—Arabic system”可知，此句是说现在还在使用这个印度-阿拉伯系统，应用代词it。故选C。
31．B 32．B 33．B 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者把全球80多亿人口假想成一个100人的小村庄，通过各项统计数字，展示世界人口分布、性别、教育、互联网使用、粮食安全、居住饮水等现状，指出世界仍存在饥饿、饮水不安全等问题，呼吁人们认清当下世界的真实面貌，从而推动世界变得更好。
【解析】31．根据Food板块：“1 would die from hunger. 11 would be unhealthy because of food shortage”，计算可得温饱人数：100-1-11=88人。
32．全文大量使用60、16、50、86、47等具体数字来介绍各项情况。选项B“By using numbers.”符合题意。
33．根据Geography板块：“60 would be from Asia.”，可知60人来自亚洲，超过半数，选项B正确。
34．根据最后一句“In order to change the world for the better, we must understand what it is like today.”，可知作者想让我们了解当今世界的现状。
35．通读全文可知，文章提到村庄里有人死于饥饿、有人无法获得安全饮用水，据此可以合理推断世界仍存在饥饿、安全饮水短缺等问题，选项C正确。
36．B 37．A 38．B 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了数字在我们日常生活中的普遍存在及其重要作用。
【解析】36．文章第一段第一、二句“Numbers are all around us. We use them every day.”指出，数字无处不在，我们每天都会用到。
37．文章第三段第一句“Numbers help us understand the world better.”指出，数字帮助我们更好地理解世界。
38．文章第二段第二、三句“The population of the world is growing very fast. There are also huge numbers in nature, like the number of stars in the sky.”指出，世界人口的增长和天空中星星的数量都是令人惊叹的数字。
39．文章第三段第二句“They tell us how tall a building is, how long a river is, and how heavy an animal is.”指出，数字可以告诉我们动物的重量。
40．文章第四段第一句“Learning numbers can be very interesting.”指出，作者认为学习数字非常有趣。
41．D 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了饼状图、折线图、条形图和维恩图这四种最常见图表的特点、适用场景及具体示例，以指导如何选择合适的图表来清晰展示数据。
【解析】41．推理判断题。根据“Let’s look at the four most common graph types”可知，文章介绍常见图表类型，与数学学习相关，故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据“Pie Chart、Line Graph、Bar Graph、Venn Diagram”可知，共提到4种图表，故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据“Line Graph: An excellent choice if you want to describe how something changes over time. It is also good for showing big differences”可知，折线图是展示随时间变化和巨大差异的绝佳选择，故选C。
44．词句猜测题。根据“plants with both go in the middle where the circles overlap”可知，圆圈是部分重叠的，重叠区域就是中间共同的部分，故选A。
45．主旨大意题。根据“The right graph can help! It makes data clear. Let’s look at the four most common graph types”可知，文章旨在介绍实用的数据展示方法，故选C。
46．increase
【解析】句意：气温的升高已经造成了许多问题。空格前有定冠词The，空后是介词短语in temperature，说明此处需要填名词作句子的主语，increase本身就可以作名词，意为“增长、升高”，the increase in temperature表示“气温升高”，符合句意。
47．reduction
【解析】句意：我们应该采取行动减缓森林面积的减少。空格前是定冠词the，空格后是介词of，说明空格处缺少名词，reduce是动词，意为“减少”，其对应的名词形式是reduction。
48．divided
【解析】句意：昨天他把蛋糕分成了八等份。句末的时间状语yesterday是一般过去时的标志词，表明动作发生在过去，动词divide需变成过去式divided。
49．description
【解析】句意：请简要描述一下你所知道的惊人的数字事实。空格位于不定冠词“a”和形容词“brief”（简短的）之后，介词“of”之前。在英语中，形容词用来修饰名词，因此空格处需要填入一个名词。括号内给出的词“describe”是动词，意为“描述”。其对应的名词形式是“description”。give a description of…是常用短语，意为“对……进行描述”。故填description。
50．wonderful
【解析】句意：看到大量鸟类迁徙是一次绝妙的经历。experience前面需要形容词作定语，wonder为名词，意为“奇迹”，其形容词形式为wonderful，表示“绝妙的，精彩的”。
51．population
【解析】句意：这座城市的人口已经达到五百万。根据“The…of this city”可知，此处填名词，作主语，结合中文提示“人口”可知，此处填population。
52．millions
【解析】句意：据报道，数百万人受到这场自然灾害的影响。根据中文提示“百万”以及后面的of可知，此处用固定搭配millions of，表示“数百万的”，故填millions。
53．express
【解析】句意：讨论数字问题时，我们需要清楚地表达我们的想法。“表达”对应的英文动词为express；固定结构need to do sth，to后面接动词原形，故填express。
54．success
【解析】句意：这个项目的成功以这个惊人的数字为标志。空格前有定冠词The，后面有介词of，此处需要填名词作句子主语。success“成功”，名词，故填success。
55．development
【解析】句意：随着科技的发展，数字被应用在更多领域。根据the + 名词 + of结构，此处需要填名词。“发展”的名词形式是development。
56．If will become
【解析】原句中的“如果”以及“会变得”是关键词，本句为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”规则。第一空：这里表达“如果”，使用连词If；第二、三空：主句使用一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”；短语“become better at”表示“变得更擅长”，用will become。
57．play an important role
【解析】原句关键词为“起着重要作用”，对应的短语是play an important role。句子陈述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语Numbers是复数形式，因此谓语动词play用原形。
58．takes to explore
【解析】原句中“花（时间）”和“探索”是关键词。本句是固定句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”，意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”。第一空，take表示“花（时间）”；“every day”表示句子描述的是习惯性动作，用一般现在时。形式主语It是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词用三单形式takes。第二、三空，该句型中，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，动词“探索”的英文是explore，因此用不定式to explore。
59．playing instead of watching
【解析】原句中“打篮球”“而不是”“看电视”是关键词。表示“打篮球”的短语是play basketball；“而不是”的短语是instead of；“看电视”的短语是watch TV。like后接动名词，打篮球、看电视均用动名词形式。故①填playing；②填instead；③填of；④填watching。
60．instead of hanging around
【解析】原句中“而不是、游手好闲”是关键词；对应的英文固定搭配为instead of hanging around；①和②“而不是”对应固定介词短语instead of后面需要接动名词；③“闲逛”对应的英文为hanging；④around与hang构成短语hang around，表示“游手好闲、闲逛”。
61．first 62．earliest 63．that 64．an 65．intelligence 66．in 67．finding 68．believed 69．himself 70．finally
【导语】 本文主要介绍了中国数学家、天文学家和机械师祖冲之。
【解析】61．句意：现在，他主要因第一个发现圆周率（π）在3.1415926到3.1415927之间而闻名。根据“person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927”可知，此处指第一个发现圆周率在3.1415926到3.1415927之间的人，表示顺序用序数词“first”，意为“第一”。故填first。
62．句意：他的结果在900多年里一直是世界上最准确、最早的值。根据“the most accurate and”可知，此处用形容词最高级，与“the most accurate”并列，且“and”表并列，前后形式一致，所以用“early”的最高级“earliest”，意为“最早的”。故填earliest。
63．句意：这个比率很难得到，以至于一个日本数学家称它为“祖氏比率”。根据“This ratio was so hard to get”可知，此处为so...that...引导的结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
64．句意：作为一名优秀的工程师，他的祖父教他科学。根据“As...excellent engineer”可知，此处泛指一名优秀的工程师，“excellent”以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“an”修饰。故填an。
65．句意：从很小的时候起，他就表现出了极大的智慧和好奇心。根据“great”可知，此处用名词形式，“intelligent”的名词形式是“intelligence”，意为“智慧”，不可数名词。故填intelligence。
66．句意：祖冲之也对数学和天文学表现出特殊的兴趣。show interest in意为“对……表现出兴趣”。故填in。
67．句意：目前尚不清楚祖冲之是如何对找出圆周率的值感兴趣的，但人们讲述过关于他的故事。、become interested in doing sth.意为“对做某事感兴趣”，固定词组。故填finding。
68．句意：在过去的很长时间里，人们都认为圆的周长是其直径的三倍。根据“For a long time in the past”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“believe”的过去式是“believed”。故填believed。
69．句意：祖冲之对这个结果不确定，他想自己证明。by oneself意为“独自”，主语是“he”，所以用反身代词himself。故填himself。
70．句意：经过多年的努力，他终于算出了圆周率的值。此处用副词修饰动词，final的副词形式是finally，意为“最终”。故填finally。
71．例文
Amazing numbers around me
I have noticed many amazing numbers in my daily life. My mom’s phone number has three eights because she thinks it brings good luck. My classroom is Room 306, and 3+0+6=9, which is a symbol of longevity in Chinese culture.
These numbers are not just cold figures. They carry people’s wishes and cultural beliefs. For example, many couples choose to get married on the 18th or 28th of a month for good luck.
Numbers influence our lives a lot. They help us count things, understand the world, and even express our hopes. Learning about the meaning of numbers makes me realize how interesting cultural differences can be.
【解析】写作步骤：
【第一步：审题立意】 确定文体：应用文，全文以一般现在时 为主
明确要点：按照题目三个问题依次写：①日常生活见到的神奇数字；②这些数字对人们的意义；③数字如何影响我们的生活，适当补充文化感受
确定人称：第一人称
注意事项：短文需包含所有问题要点；词数100左右
【第二步：构思布局】
三段式结构：
开头段：点明生活中有很多神奇数字，列举生活实例
主体段：阐述数字不只是冰冷符号，承载人们的愿望与文化观念，举例补充
结尾段：写数字对生活的影响，抒发感悟
【第三步：要点展开】
要点一：日常生活见到的神奇数字并阐述数字的文化意义
生活实例：noticed many amazing numbers in daily life/mom’s phone number has three eights/classroom is Room 306/come across many special numbers in our everyday life/find some meaningful numbers around us等
数字含义：bring good luck/a symbol of longevity/carry people’s wishes and cultural beliefs/couples choose dates with lucky numbers for good luck/stand for good fortune/be believed to bring good luck/people regard them as signs of good luck等
要点二：数字对生活的影响以及个人感悟
对生活的影响：influence our lives a lot/help us count things/understand the world/express our hopes/show our best wishes for the future/pass on our hopes through special numbers等
个人感悟：realize how interesting cultural differences can be/make me learn more about colorful cultural differences/it opens my eyes to different cultural customs等
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