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外研版英语九年级上册Unit 5 A fine balance单元测试卷
一、单项选择（共10分，每小题1分）
1. — Don't you ______ what the volunteers have done for the balance of nature
— Of course I do. Their efforts keep the whole ecosystem healthy.
A. doubt B. accept C. admire D. believe
2. The ______ development of industry has caused many environmental problems in this mountain area.
A. rapid B. slow C. smooth D. sudden
3. Local villagers promise they will not cut down any more trees in the forest ______ all the damaged hills are covered with green trees again.
A. when B. till C. because D. after
4. ______, the efforts to protect the Yangtze River finless porpoise have worked well, and its population is growing slowly.
A. Suddenly B. Possibly C. Unluckily D. Undoubtedly
5. Climate change has become the biggest challenge to the ______ of many Arctic animals, such as polar bears.
A. survival B. appearance C. popularity D. activity
6. According to the new rule of the nature reserve, local people are not ______ to enter the core protection zone without permission.
A. invited B. ordered C. permitted D. encouraged
7. — Do you know how large the new panda protection area is
— It is reported that it is ______ the old one built ten years ago.
A. three time as big as B. as three times big as
C. three times as bigger as D. three times as big as
8. The new environmental regulation ______ the local government made last month requires factories to reduce waste water pollution.
A. who B. what C. which D. whom
9. A new research centre has been ______ in Yunnan to study how to protect the endangered Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys.
A. set up B. put up C. picked up D. given up
10. — I am going to join the beach clean-up activity this weekend. Would you like to come with me
— ______ I have already promised to help my dad work on our vegetable garden.
A. That's a pity. B. Never mind.
C. You're welcome. D. I'd love to, but I can't.
二、完形填空
On the grasslands of Inner Mongolia, people have been living with wolves for hundreds of years. For a long time, people lived in ____1____ with nature. Wolves rarely hurt sheep that farmers keep, and they helped control the number of rabbits that ate grass.
Then in the 1960s, people thought wolves were dangerous and began to kill them ____2____. Most wolves disappeared from the grasslands. At first, farmers were happy because ____3____ sheep were killed by wolves. But soon a big ____4____ came. Without wolves, the number of rabbits grew ____5____ quickly. They ate almost all the grass that was needed by sheep and other animals. Much good grassland turned into sand.
People finally learned that wolves are an important part of the ____6____. Removing one species can break the whole ____7____ of nature. Now the local government has started a ____8____ project. Wolves are protected, and their number is slowly growing again. Farmers also learn to live with wolves and use special fences to ____9____ their sheep.
This story tells us that nature always finds its own way. We must learn to respect every living thing and keep the ____10____ between humans and nature.
1. A. danger B. balance C. surprise D. common
2. A. heavily B. carefully C. loudly D. slowly
3. A. more B. fewer C. less D. larger
4. A. change B. hope C. problem D. victory
5. A. truly B. hardly C. slowly D. rapidly
6. A. farmland B. ecosystem C. village D. society
7. A. balance B. food C. price D. form
8. A. protection B. business C. hunting D. farming
9. A. kill B. feed C. protect D. find
10. A. relation B. difference C. harmony D. balance
三、补全对话
根据对话内容，从方框内的六个选项中选出五个恰当的句子完成对话，并将其番号填入对应的横线中。
W: Hello, Li Hao. Did you do anything interesting last weekend
M: Not really, but I learned a lot about endangered animals. 1. ________
W: Oh, really I haven't heard about it for a long time. 2. ________
M: It's reported that there are fewer than 30 South China tigers living in the wild now.
W: That's such a small number. 3. ________
M: Because people cut down too many trees for farmland, and they lost their living places. What's worse, some people hunted them for their fur in the past.
W: That's really terrible. 4. ________
M: There are also giant pandas, golden snub-nosed monkeys and many other vulnerable species around the country.
W: It's surprising that we have so many endangered animals. 5. ________
M: Well, we can join environmental organizations and tell more people about the importance of animal protection. We can also never buy products made from endangered animals.
W: You're right. Let's work together to keep the balance of nature.
A. What other endangered animals are there in our country B. I saw a report about the South China tiger in the newspaper. C. Why are they endangered D. That sounds really meaningful. E. How many South China tigers are there now in the wild F. What can we do to help protect these endangered animals
四、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
根据短文内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A篇
Xishuangbanna Tropical Rainforest National Park Trail Observation Guide
Trail Area Main Observation Items Opening Hours Notes
Low-altitude valley area Subtropical evergreen plants, small wetland ecosystem 8:00-18:00 Wear non-slip shoes; do not feed wild animals
Middle-altitude forest area Tree communities, subtropical bird habitats 7:30-17:30 Keep quiet to avoid disturbing birds
High-altitude hilltop area Rare and endangered plants, hilltop ecological balance observation point 9:00-16:00 Permit required in advance; no solo entry allowed
Ecological Observation Tips:
Xishuangbanna Tropical Rainforest is one of the best-preserved tropical ecosystems in China. Different altitude areas here form independent yet interconnected small ecosystems. Human activities have had negative effects on the environment here in the past, such as cutting down too many trees and dropping litter everywhere, which changed the soil structure. In recent years, local environmental organisations have worked to repair the balance of the ecosystem.
The average yearly temperature here is 21℃, which is suitable for most tropical plants to grow. Tiny insects and large animals work together to keep the system running smoothly. If one species disappears, it can cause a chain reaction that influences the whole balance.
1. Which area of the park needs a permit before entering
A. Low-altitude valley area. B. Middle-altitude forest area.
C. High-altitude hilltop area. D. All of the three areas.
2. What is the average yearly temperature in Xishuangbanna rainforest
A. 18℃. B. 21℃. C. 25℃. D. 28℃.
3. According to the text, what human activity hurt the rainforest in the past
A. Building too many roads. B. Feeding wild animals.
C. Cutting too many trees. D. Building observation points.
4. What can we infer from the text
A. All areas of the park are open the same hours every day.
B. One species' loss will not influence the whole ecosystem.
C. The environment of the rainforest is getting better now.
D. Visitors can go to any area of the park without rules.
5. What is the main purpose of this text
A. To introduce how ecosystems work.
B. To give visiting tips for a rainforest park.
C. To explain why rainforests are endangered.
D. To show the history of Xishuangbanna Park.
B篇
When Zhoema was 12 years old, her father became a protector of Tibetan antelopes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. At first, Zhoema did not understand why her father spent most of his time on the cold grassland instead of staying with the family.
Tibetan antelopes are a vulnerable species that live on the plateau. In the 1990s, illegal hunting made their number drop rapidly to less than 20,000. They were close to dying out completely. The bad balance of the ecosystem worried scientists and environmental workers worldwide. Zhoema's father was one of the first local protectors to join the organisation.
Three years ago, Zhoema finished high school and chose to go back to the grassland to work with her father. "At first I came just to look after my father, but gradually I fell in love with this job," she said. Now she uses her phone to record the antelopes' activities and shares their stories on social media. Her videos have drawn thousands of foreign visitors' attention to the protection work.
By 2025, the number of Tibetan antelopes has grown to more than 300,000. This is one of the greatest success stories of endangered animal protection in China. "We still have a long way to go, but we will keep working to keep the fine balance between humans and nature," Zhoema said.
6. Why did Zhoema first go to the grassland
A. She wanted to protect antelopes.
B. She finished high school and had nothing to do.
C. She wanted to look after her father.
D. She wanted to make videos for social media.
7. What was the number of Tibetan antelopes in the 1990s
A. Less than 20,000. B. About 30,000.
C. More than 200,000. D. More than 300,000.
8. How does Zhoema help with the protection work now
A. She catches illegal hunters by herself.
B. She shares antelope stories online to get more attention.
C. She builds new homes for antelopes on the plateau.
D. She teaches local people how to hunt antelopes.
9. What can we learn from Zhoema's words
A. The protection work has already finished perfectly.
B. There is no more need to protect Tibetan antelopes.
C. She will continue working on protecting the balance of nature.
D. She thinks humans should not share the land with antelopes.
10. What is the main idea of the story
A. How the number of Tibetan antelopes dropped quickly.
B. A young woman continues her father's work to protect endangered antelopes.
C. Why Tibetan antelopes become an endangered species.
D. The best ways to protect vulnerable animals on the plateau.
C篇
Most people think environmental problems only happen in wild natural areas. But in fact, many cities around the world are now working to repair the broken ecological balance inside urban areas. Beijing's urban wetland restoration project is a good example.
Thirty years ago, most of the small wetlands in northern Beijing were filled to build farmland and factories. Rapid industrial development brought serious water pollution. Smog and dirty water hurt local plants and animals, and many rare species disappeared from the city. The negative influence broke the natural balance of the urban ecosystem.
In 2018, the city government started a project to bring back the wetlands. Workers cleared polluted water, planted local plants and built new habitats for wild birds and small animals. Environmental organisations also taught local people how to protect the wetlands and stop littering.
After eight years of hard work, the wetlands have become a new home for more than 200 species of wild birds. Many endangered water plants have also grown back. Furthermore, the wetlands help clean city rainwater and reduce the risk of flooding. They also provide a quiet relaxing space for local people to get close to nature.
"This project tells us that humans don't have to fight against nature. We can live together and keep a fine balance," said a scientist from Peking University. "If we give a little space back to nature, it will surprise us with beautiful gifts."
11. What was done to the wetlands in northern Beijing 30 years ago
A. They were turned into farmland and factories.
B. They were turned into tourist parks.
C. They were polluted by wild animals.
D. They were protected by the government.
12. Which of the following is NOT a change after the wetland restoration project
A. More wild birds live in the wetlands now.
B. Endangered water plants have grown back.
C. The risk of flooding has increased.
D. Local people have a place to relax close to nature.
13. What does the underlined word "restoration" probably mean in Chinese
A. 破坏 B. 修复 C. 开发 D. 污染
14. What can we infer from the scientist's words
A. Humans should take all space from nature for development.
B. There is no way to fix the broken balance in cities.
C. It is possible for humans and nature to live in balance.
D. Natural wetlands can not solve any environmental problems in cities.
15. What is the main purpose of this text
A. To explain why urban wetlands disappeared in Beijing.
B. To call on people to stop littering in city parks.
C. To introduce a successful project that fixes urban ecological balance.
D. To compare environmental problems in wild areas and cities.
D篇
Climate change is influencing ecosystems all over the world, and mountain areas are facing some of the fastest changes. A new study from the Chinese Academy of Sciences shows that the warming temperature on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is changing the balance of the mountain ecosystem.
Over the past 50 years, the average temperature on the plateau has risen by 1.5℃, which is faster than the world average. The rising temperature makes the snowline move higher up the mountain. Many tiny plants that live in cold high areas are losing their living space. At the same time, some lowland plants are moving higher and taking the place of the original cold climate plants.
If this continues, about 30% of the endangered alpine plants on the plateau will disappear by 2100. This will also influence the animals that depend on these plants for food and homes. Scientists say this is a serious warning that the fine ecological balance of the whole plateau is in danger.
The study also highlights some good news. China's national protection projects have slowed down the speed of change. Local environmental protection teams have collected seeds of endangered alpine plants and planted them in protected areas. They are also working to cut down negative human activities like over-grazing and illegal mining.
"Climate change is a big challenge, but we can still do something to protect the balance. The key is to act early before it is too late," said the lead scientist of the study.
16. Where did the new study come from
A. Peking University.
B. The Chinese Academy of Sciences.
C. Peking Union Medical College.
D. Xishuangbanna Research Center.
17. How much has the average temperature on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau risen over the past 50 years
A. 0.5℃. B. 1.0℃. C. 1.5℃. D. 2.0℃.
18. Why are lowland plants moving higher up the mountain
A. Because the temperature is getting warmer.
B. Because the snowline is moving lower.
C. Because people plant them on the mountain.
D. Because the lowland has no more space for them.
19. Which of the following is a good action that China has taken to protect the alpine plants
A. Cutting down the number of animals on the plateau.
B. Building new farms for lowland plants.
C. Collecting seeds of endangered plants and planting them in protected areas.
D. Stopping all human activities on the plateau.
20. What is the main message of the text
A. Climate change has already destroyed all the mountain ecosystems.
B. There is nothing we can do to stop the change of mountain ecosystems.
C. C. Warming temperature changes mountain ecosystems, but we can act.
D. All alpine plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau will disappear by 2100.
E篇
Many cities around China are working to bring dirty rivers back to life. The Green River Project in Guangzhou is one successful example. ____21____
Fifty years ago, the river was clean and clear. Local people could swim in it and catch fish for food. However, with rapid industrial development, many factories were built along the banks. ____22____ Black water ran directly into the river, killing all the fish and plants. The smelly water made local residents stay far away, and the beautiful river became a dirty, noisy place.
In 2018, the local environmental organisation started a full restoration project. Workers cleaned up tons of rubbish and litter from the river bottom. ____23____ They also built new walking paths and parks along the river for people to enjoy.
____24____ Today, clear water flows through the city again. Ducks and wild birds have come back to live on the river. Local people often go walking there on weekends, and many even bring their children to watch the fish. ____25____ It tells us that even seriously damaged ecosystems can be repaired if we take action in time.
A. They closed factories that poured dirty water into the river directly. B. It shows how human activity can hurt a natural balance and how we can fix it. C. The project has faced several setbacks in the first few years of work. D. It took more than five years of hard work to complete the main project. E. The project aims to fix the damaged ecosystem of the city's most polluted river. F. Factories burned coal to produce goods and poured untreated water into the river.
五、单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
根据下列句子及所给的首字母或括号内的提示词，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。
1. When people d________ rubbish into rivers, they badly pollute the living environment of fish.
2. To b________ the needs of development and environmental protection, our government has made many new rules.
3. More and more people in modern s________ have realized the importance of keeping ecological balance.
4. The f________ who visited the Wolong Panda Base spoke highly of our efforts in animal protection.
5. The Yangtze finless porpoise is one of the most e________ species in China, and we must take action to save it.
6. Lots of ________ (tour) come to Yunnan every year to enjoy the natural beauty and learn about local wild animal protection projects.
7. Because of the sudden heavy rainstorm, the local environmental charity ________ (cancel) the beach clean-up activity last Saturday.
8. Anyone who hunts animals illegally will face serious ________ (punish) under the new environmental law.
9. ________ (overfish) has been one of the biggest problems that damage the balance of ocean ecosystems.
10. Many environmental organizations have called for more public attention to the ________ (protect) of natural wetlands.
六、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is one of the most special ecological areas in the world. It is home to many rare wild animals, 1. ______ (include) the Tibetan antelope. In the 1990s, 2. ______ rapid development of the wool trade made many poachers (偷猎者) kill Tibetan antelopes for their fur. As a result, the number of Tibetan antelopes dropped 3. ______ low that the species was listed as endangered. Over the past 30 years, Chinese 4. ______ (organise) have been working hard on the protection of this fragile ecosystem. Strict rules forbid poaching and stop 5. ______ (industry) activities from destroying the antelopes' living areas. Furthermore, more and more local people have joined volunteer groups to help 6. ______ (monitor) the antelope population. The protection efforts have achieved great success: the number of Tibetan antelopes 7. ______ (grow) from less than 70,000 in 1995 to over 300,000 in 2024. This story tells us that human activities can have both negative and positive 8. ______ (influence) on nature. When we keep a good balance between development and 9. ______ (protect), we can live in harmony with wild animals. This experience 10. ______ (highlight) the importance of protecting the natural world for future generations.
七、书面表达（满分15分）
你校将举办主题为"Keeping a Fine Balance between Humans and Nature"的英语征文比赛，请你结合自己的生活经历，写一篇短文参赛。内容要求如下：
1. 简述你身边存在的一个破坏生态平衡的小现象；
2. 介绍一个你参与过或了解到的环境保护/濒危动物保护行动；
3. 谈谈你对"人与自然和谐共生"的理解，发出保护生态的倡议。
要求：
1. 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范；
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯，内容完整；
3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名；
4. 词数：100词左右。
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_______________________________________________________________________________外研版英语九年级上册Unit 5 A fine balance单元测试卷（含解析）
一、单项选择（共10分，每小题1分）
1. — Don't you ______ what the volunteers have done for the balance of nature
— Of course I do. Their efforts keep the whole ecosystem healthy.
A. doubt B. accept C. admire D. believe
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：——难道你不钦佩志愿者们为自然平衡所做的一切吗？——我当然钦佩。他们的努力让整个生态系统保持健康。doubt怀疑；accept接受；admire钦佩、赞赏；believe相信。根据"Of course I do"和"Their efforts keep the whole ecosystem healthy"可知，说话人对志愿者的工作是赞赏的，admire符合语境。故选C。
2. The ______ development of industry has caused many environmental problems in this mountain area.
A. rapid B. slow C. smooth D. sudden
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：工业的快速发展给这个山区带来了许多环境问题。rapid快速的；slow缓慢的；smooth顺利的；sudden突然的。根据"caused many environmental problems"可知，快速的发展导致了环境问题，rapid符合语境，且是教材Unit 5重点词汇。故选A。
3. Local villagers promise they will not cut down any more trees in the forest ______ all the damaged hills are covered with green trees again.
A. when B. till C. because D. after
【答案】B
【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：当地村民承诺，他们不会再砍伐森林里的树木，直到所有受损的山坡再次被绿树覆盖。when当……时；till直到；because因为；after在……之后。根据"not cut down any more trees"和"are covered with green trees again"可知，砍树的行为将持续到山坡重新变绿为止，till表示"直到"，符合语境。故选B。
4. ______, the efforts to protect the Yangtze River finless porpoise have worked well, and its population is growing slowly.
A. Suddenly B. Possibly C. Unluckily D. Undoubtedly
【答案】D
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：毫无疑问，保护长江江豚的努力取得了良好效果，其数量正在缓慢增长。Suddenly突然；Possibly可能；Unluckily不幸地；Undoubtedly毫无疑问地。根据"have worked well"和"population is growing slowly"可知，这是积极的成果，Undoubtedly表示肯定语气，符合语境。故选D。
5. Climate change has become the biggest challenge to the ______ of many Arctic animals, such as polar bears.
A. survival B. appearance C. popularity D. activity
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：气候变化已成为许多北极动物（如北极熊）生存的最大挑战。survival生存；appearance外貌；popularity流行；activity活动。根据"Climate change"和"biggest challenge"可知，气候变化威胁的是动物的生存，survival符合语境。故选A。
6. According to the new rule of the nature reserve, local people are not ______ to enter the core protection zone without permission.
A. invited B. ordered C. permitted D. encouraged
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：根据自然保护区的新规定，未经许可，当地人不得进入核心保护区。invited被邀请；ordered被命令；permitted被允许；encouraged被鼓励。根据"without permission"可知，未经许可是不允许进入的，permitted符合语境。故选C。
7. — Do you know how large the new panda protection area is
— It is reported that it is ______ the old one built ten years ago.
A. three time as big as B. as three times big as
C. three times as bigger as D. three times as big as
【答案】D
【解析】考查倍数表达。句意：——你知道新的大熊猫保护区有多大吗？——据报道，它是十年前建的旧保护区的三倍大。英语中倍数表达的正确结构为"倍数 + as + 形容词原级 + as"，three times as big as为正确形式。A项time缺少s；B项语序错误；C项bigger为比较级，不能用于as...as结构。故选D。
8. The new environmental regulation ______ the local government made last month requires factories to reduce waste water pollution.
A. who B. what C. which D. whom
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句引导词。句意：地方政府上个月制定的新环保法规要求工厂减少废水污染。先行词是regulation（法规），指物，在定语从句中作宾语，应用which或that引导。who和whom用于指人，what不能引导定语从句。故选C。
9. A new research centre has been ______ in Yunnan to study how to protect the endangered Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys.
A. set up B. put up C. picked up D. given up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：云南建立了一个新的研究中心，研究如何保护濒危的滇金丝猴。set up建立、成立；put up张贴、搭建；picked up捡起、接人；given up放弃。根据"research centre"可知，此处指"建立"研究中心，且set up是教材Unit 5重点短语。故选A。
10. — I am going to join the beach clean-up activity this weekend. Would you like to come with me
— ______ I have already promised to help my dad work on our vegetable garden.
A. That's a pity. B. Never mind.
C. You're welcome. D. I'd love to, but I can't.
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——我这周末要去参加海滩清洁活动。你愿意和我一起去吗？——我很想去，但我去不了。我已经答应帮我爸爸打理菜园了。That's a pity真可惜；Never mind没关系；You're welcome不客气；I'd love to, but I can't我很想去，但去不了。根据"I have already promised to help my dad"可知，对方因已有安排而无法前往，D项委婉地表达了拒绝。故选D。
二、完形填空
On the grasslands of Inner Mongolia, people have been living with wolves for hundreds of years. For a long time, people lived in ____1____ with nature. Wolves rarely hurt sheep that farmers keep, and they helped control the number of rabbits that ate grass.
Then in the 1960s, people thought wolves were dangerous and began to kill them ____2____. Most wolves disappeared from the grasslands. At first, farmers were happy because ____3____ sheep were killed by wolves. But soon a big ____4____ came. Without wolves, the number of rabbits grew ____5____ quickly. They ate almost all the grass that was needed by sheep and other animals. Much good grassland turned into sand.
People finally learned that wolves are an important part of the ____6____. Removing one species can break the whole ____7____ of nature. Now the local government has started a ____8____ project. Wolves are protected, and their number is slowly growing again. Farmers also learn to live with wolves and use special fences to ____9____ their sheep.
This story tells us that nature always finds its own way. We must learn to respect every living thing and keep the ____10____ between humans and nature.
1. A. danger B. balance C. surprise D. common
2. A. heavily B. carefully C. loudly D. slowly
3. A. more B. fewer C. less D. larger
4. A. change B. hope C. problem D. victory
5. A. truly B. hardly C. slowly D. rapidly
6. A. farmland B. ecosystem C. village D. society
7. A. balance B. food C. price D. form
8. A. protection B. business C. hunting D. farming
9. A. kill B. feed C. protect D. find
10. A. relation B. difference C. harmony D. balance
【文章大意】本文讲述了内蒙古草原上人与狼的故事。人们曾因认为狼危险而大量捕杀它们，导致兔子数量猛增、草原退化。人们最终认识到狼是生态系统中重要的一环，并开始采取措施保护狼，恢复生态平衡。
1.【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：很长一段时间里，人们与自然和谐相处。in danger处于危险中；in balance保持平衡；in surprise惊讶地；in common共同。根据后文"Wolves rarely hurt sheep"和"helped control the number of rabbits"可知，人与狼之间处于平衡状态。balance符合语境。故选B。
2.【答案】A
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：人们认为狼很危险，开始大量捕杀它们。heavily大量地、猛烈地；carefully仔细地；loudly大声地；slowly缓慢地。根据"Most wolves disappeared"可知，捕杀狼的力度很大，heavily符合语境。故选A。
3.【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词比较级辨析。句意：起初，农民们很高兴，因为被狼杀死的羊变少了。more更多的；fewer更少的（修饰可数名词）；less更少的（修饰不可数名词）；larger更大的。sheep是可数名词，且根据语境，狼减少了，羊被杀的数目也减少了，fewer符合语境。故选B。
4.【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：但很快一个大问题来了。change变化；hope希望；problem问题；victory胜利。根据后文"Without wolves, the number of rabbits grew... Much good grassland turned into sand"可知，狼的消失带来了严重问题，problem符合语境。故选C。
5.【答案】D
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：没有狼，兔子的数量迅速增长。truly真实地；hardly几乎不；slowly缓慢地；rapidly快速地。根据后文"They ate almost all the grass"可知，兔子数量增长很快，rapidly符合语境。故选D。
6.【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：人们终于认识到狼是生态系统的重要组成部分。farmland农田；ecosystem生态系统；village村庄；society社会。根据文章主题"生态平衡"可知，狼是生态系统的一部分，ecosystem符合语境，且是教材Unit 5重点词汇。故选B。
7.【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：移除一个物种会打破整个自然平衡。balance平衡；food食物；price价格；form形式。根据文章主题和"break the whole... of nature"可知，此处指破坏自然平衡，balance符合语境。故选A。
8.【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：现在当地政府启动了一个保护项目。protection保护；business商业；hunting狩猎；farming农耕。根据后文"Wolves are protected"可知，这是一个保护项目，protection符合语境。故选A。
9.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：农民们也学会了与狼共存，并用特殊的围栏保护他们的羊。kill杀死；feed喂养；protect保护；find找到。根据"use special fences"可知，围栏是用来保护羊群的，protect符合语境。故选C。
10.【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：我们必须学会尊重每一个生命，并保持人与自然的平衡。relation关系；difference差异；harmony和谐；balance平衡。文章主题为"生态平衡"，且前文多次出现balance，此处与全文主题呼应，balance是最佳答案。故选D。
三、补全对话
根据对话内容，从方框内的六个选项中选出五个恰当的句子完成对话，并将其番号填入对应的横线中。
W: Hello, Li Hao. Did you do anything interesting last weekend
M: Not really, but I learned a lot about endangered animals. 1. ________
W: Oh, really I haven't heard about it for a long time. 2. ________
M: It's reported that there are fewer than 30 South China tigers living in the wild now.
W: That's such a small number. 3. ________
M: Because people cut down too many trees for farmland, and they lost their living places. What's worse, some people hunted them for their fur in the past.
W: That's really terrible. 4. ________
M: There are also giant pandas, golden snub-nosed monkeys and many other vulnerable species around the country.
W: It's surprising that we have so many endangered animals. 5. ________
M: Well, we can join environmental organizations and tell more people about the importance of animal protection. We can also never buy products made from endangered animals.
W: You're right. Let's work together to keep the balance of nature.
A. What other endangered animals are there in our country B. I saw a report about the South China tiger in the newspaper. C. Why are they endangered D. That sounds really meaningful. E. How many South China tigers are there now in the wild F. What can we do to help protect these endangered animals
【文章大意】本文是一段关于濒危动物的对话。M在报纸上看到华南虎的报道，了解到野生华南虎不足30只，两人讨论了华南虎濒危的原因、其他濒危动物以及保护措施。
1.【答案】B
【解析】根据上文"I learned a lot about endangered animals"以及下文"Oh, really I haven't heard about it for a long time"可知，M在介绍自己了解到濒危动物信息的来源。选项B"我在报纸上看到了一篇关于华南虎的报道"符合语境，引出下文对话。故选B。
2.【答案】E
【解析】根据下文"It's reported that there are fewer than 30 South China tigers living in the wild now"可知，W在询问华南虎的数量。选项E"现在野外有多少只华南虎？"与回答"不到30只"形成问答对应。故选E。
3.【答案】C
【解析】根据下文"Because people cut down too many trees for farmland"可知，W在询问华南虎濒危的原因。选项C"它们为什么濒危？"与回答"因为人们砍伐了太多树木"形成问答对应。故选C。
4.【答案】A
【解析】根据下文"There are also giant pandas, golden snub-nosed monkeys and many other vulnerable species"可知，W在询问中国还有哪些其他濒危动物。选项A"我们国家还有哪些其他濒危动物？"与回答形成问答对应。故选A。
5.【答案】F
【解析】根据下文"Well, we can join environmental organizations and tell more people..."可知，W在询问可以做些什么来帮助保护濒危动物。选项F"我们能做些什么来帮助保护这些濒危动物？"与回答形成问答对应。故选F。
四、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
根据短文内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A篇
Xishuangbanna Tropical Rainforest National Park Trail Observation Guide
Trail Area Main Observation Items Opening Hours Notes
Low-altitude valley area Subtropical evergreen plants, small wetland ecosystem 8:00-18:00 Wear non-slip shoes; do not feed wild animals
Middle-altitude forest area Tree communities, subtropical bird habitats 7:30-17:30 Keep quiet to avoid disturbing birds
High-altitude hilltop area Rare and endangered plants, hilltop ecological balance observation point 9:00-16:00 Permit required in advance; no solo entry allowed
Ecological Observation Tips:
Xishuangbanna Tropical Rainforest is one of the best-preserved tropical ecosystems in China. Different altitude areas here form independent yet interconnected small ecosystems. Human activities have had negative effects on the environment here in the past, such as cutting down too many trees and dropping litter everywhere, which changed the soil structure. In recent years, local environmental organisations have worked to repair the balance of the ecosystem.
The average yearly temperature here is 21℃, which is suitable for most tropical plants to grow. Tiny insects and large animals work together to keep the system running smoothly. If one species disappears, it can cause a chain reaction that influences the whole balance.
1. Which area of the park needs a permit before entering
A. Low-altitude valley area. B. Middle-altitude forest area.
C. High-altitude hilltop area. D. All of the three areas.
2. What is the average yearly temperature in Xishuangbanna rainforest
A. 18℃. B. 21℃. C. 25℃. D. 28℃.
3. According to the text, what human activity hurt the rainforest in the past
A. Building too many roads. B. Feeding wild animals.
C. Cutting too many trees. D. Building observation points.
4. What can we infer from the text
A. All areas of the park are open the same hours every day.
B. One species' loss will not influence the whole ecosystem.
C. The environment of the rainforest is getting better now.
D. Visitors can go to any area of the park without rules.
5. What is the main purpose of this text
A. To introduce how ecosystems work.
B. To give visiting tips for a rainforest park.
C. To explain why rainforests are endangered.
D. To show the history of Xishuangbanna Park.
【文章大意】本文是一则西双版纳热带雨林国家公园步道观察指南，介绍了低海拔河谷区、中海拔林区和高海拔山顶区三个区域的观察内容、开放时间和注意事项，并提供了生态观察提示。
1.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据表格中High-altitude hilltop area的Notes栏"Permit required in advance"可知，高海拔山顶区需要提前申请进入许可。故选C。
2.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据Ecological Observation Tips中"The average yearly temperature here is 21℃"可知，年平均气温为21℃。故选B。
3.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据Ecological Observation Tips中"such as cutting down too many trees and dropping litter everywhere"可知，过度砍伐树木是过去对雨林造成破坏的人类活动之一。故选C。
4.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据"In recent years, local environmental organisations have worked to repair the balance of the ecosystem"可知，近年来当地环保组织一直在努力修复生态平衡，可推断出雨林环境正在好转。A项错误，各区域开放时间不同；B项与最后一句"If one species disappears, it can cause a chain reaction"矛盾；D项与表格中的注意事项矛盾。故选C。
5.【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。文章以表格形式介绍了公园各步道的观察内容、开放时间和注意事项，并提供了生态观察提示，目的主要是为游客提供参观指南。B项准确概括了文章主旨。故选B。
B篇
When Zhoema was 12 years old, her father became a protector of Tibetan antelopes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. At first, Zhoema did not understand why her father spent most of his time on the cold grassland instead of staying with the family.
Tibetan antelopes are a vulnerable species that live on the plateau. In the 1990s, illegal hunting made their number drop rapidly to less than 20,000. They were close to dying out completely. The bad balance of the ecosystem worried scientists and environmental workers worldwide. Zhoema's father was one of the first local protectors to join the organisation.
Three years ago, Zhoema finished high school and chose to go back to the grassland to work with her father. "At first I came just to look after my father, but gradually I fell in love with this job," she said. Now she uses her phone to record the antelopes' activities and shares their stories on social media. Her videos have drawn thousands of foreign visitors' attention to the protection work.
By 2025, the number of Tibetan antelopes has grown to more than 300,000. This is one of the greatest success stories of endangered animal protection in China. "We still have a long way to go, but we will keep working to keep the fine balance between humans and nature," Zhoema said.
6. Why did Zhoema first go to the grassland
A. She wanted to protect antelopes.
B. She finished high school and had nothing to do.
C. She wanted to look after her father.
D. She wanted to make videos for social media.
7. What was the number of Tibetan antelopes in the 1990s
A. Less than 20,000. B. About 30,000.
C. More than 200,000. D. More than 300,000.
8. How does Zhoema help with the protection work now
A. She catches illegal hunters by herself.
B. She shares antelope stories online to get more attention.
C. She builds new homes for antelopes on the plateau.
D. She teaches local people how to hunt antelopes.
9. What can we learn from Zhoema's words
A. The protection work has already finished perfectly.
B. There is no more need to protect Tibetan antelopes.
C. She will continue working on protecting the balance of nature.
D. She thinks humans should not share the land with antelopes.
10. What is the main idea of the story
A. How the number of Tibetan antelopes dropped quickly.
B. A young woman continues her father's work to protect endangered antelopes.
C. Why Tibetan antelopes become an endangered species.
D. The best ways to protect vulnerable animals on the plateau.
【文章大意】本文讲述了女孩Zhoema继承父亲的事业，投身藏羚羊保护工作的故事。藏羚羊在20世纪90年代因非法捕猎数量锐减至不足2万只，经过保护努力，到2025年数量已增长至30万只以上。
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段"At first I came just to look after my father"可知，Zhoema最初去草原是为了照顾父亲。故选C。
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段"illegal hunting made their number drop rapidly to less than 20,000"可知，20世纪90年代藏羚羊数量不足2万只。故选A。
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段"Now she uses her phone to record the antelopes' activities and shares their stories on social media"可知，她通过社交媒体分享藏羚羊的故事来引起更多关注。故选B。
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段"we will keep working to keep the fine balance between humans and nature"可知，Zhoema表示将继续努力保护自然平衡。故选C。
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。文章讲述了Zhoema继承父亲的事业投身藏羚羊保护的故事，B项准确概括了文章主旨。A项和C项只是文章部分内容，D项偏离了文章焦点。故选B。
C篇
Most people think environmental problems only happen in wild natural areas. But in fact, many cities around the world are now working to repair the broken ecological balance inside urban areas. Beijing's urban wetland restoration project is a good example.
Thirty years ago, most of the small wetlands in northern Beijing were filled to build farmland and factories. Rapid industrial development brought serious water pollution. Smog and dirty water hurt local plants and animals, and many rare species disappeared from the city. The negative influence broke the natural balance of the urban ecosystem.
In 2018, the city government started a project to bring back the wetlands. Workers cleared polluted water, planted local plants and built new habitats for wild birds and small animals. Environmental organisations also taught local people how to protect the wetlands and stop littering.
After eight years of hard work, the wetlands have become a new home for more than 200 species of wild birds. Many endangered water plants have also grown back. Furthermore, the wetlands help clean city rainwater and reduce the risk of flooding. They also provide a quiet relaxing space for local people to get close to nature.
"This project tells us that humans don't have to fight against nature. We can live together and keep a fine balance," said a scientist from Peking University. "If we give a little space back to nature, it will surprise us with beautiful gifts."
11. What was done to the wetlands in northern Beijing 30 years ago
A. They were turned into farmland and factories.
B. They were turned into tourist parks.
C. They were polluted by wild animals.
D. They were protected by the government.
12. Which of the following is NOT a change after the wetland restoration project
A. More wild birds live in the wetlands now.
B. Endangered water plants have grown back.
C. The risk of flooding has increased.
D. Local people have a place to relax close to nature.
13. What does the underlined word "restoration" probably mean in Chinese
A. 破坏 B. 修复 C. 开发 D. 污染
14. What can we infer from the scientist's words
A. Humans should take all space from nature for development.
B. There is no way to fix the broken balance in cities.
C. It is possible for humans and nature to live in balance.
D. Natural wetlands can not solve any environmental problems in cities.
15. What is the main purpose of this text
A. To explain why urban wetlands disappeared in Beijing.
B. To call on people to stop littering in city parks.
C. To introduce a successful project that fixes urban ecological balance.
D. To compare environmental problems in wild areas and cities.
【文章大意】本文介绍了北京城市湿地修复项目。30年前北部的湿地被填平用于建设农田和工厂，导致生态失衡。2018年政府启动修复项目，经过八年努力，湿地恢复了生机，成为200多种鸟类的栖息地，并减少了洪水风险。
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段"most of the small wetlands in northern Beijing were filled to build farmland and factories"可知，湿地被填平用于建设农田和工厂。故选A。
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段"the wetlands help clean city rainwater and reduce the risk of flooding"可知，湿地修复后洪水风险是降低而非增加，C项与原文相反。A、B、D三项均在第四段中有对应。故选C。
【答案】B
【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段"started a project to bring back the wetlands"以及后文描述清理污水、种植植物、为鸟类建造栖息地等行为可知，restoration意为"修复、恢复"。故选B。
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段"We can live together and keep a fine balance"可知，科学家认为人类与自然可以和谐共处，保持平衡。故选C。
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。文章以北京湿地修复项目为例，介绍了城市生态修复的成功案例，C项准确概括了文章主旨。A项只是背景信息，B项和D项偏离了文章焦点。故选C。
D篇
Climate change is influencing ecosystems all over the world, and mountain areas are facing some of the fastest changes. A new study from the Chinese Academy of Sciences shows that the warming temperature on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is changing the balance of the mountain ecosystem.
Over the past 50 years, the average temperature on the plateau has risen by 1.5℃, which is faster than the world average. The rising temperature makes the snowline move higher up the mountain. Many tiny plants that live in cold high areas are losing their living space. At the same time, some lowland plants are moving higher and taking the place of the original cold climate plants.
If this continues, about 30% of the endangered alpine plants on the plateau will disappear by 2100. This will also influence the animals that depend on these plants for food and homes. Scientists say this is a serious warning that the fine ecological balance of the whole plateau is in danger.
The study also highlights some good news. China's national protection projects have slowed down the speed of change. Local environmental protection teams have collected seeds of endangered alpine plants and planted them in protected areas. They are also working to cut down negative human activities like over-grazing and illegal mining.
"Climate change is a big challenge, but we can still do something to protect the balance. The key is to act early before it is too late," said the lead scientist of the study.
16. Where did the new study come from
A. Peking University.
B. The Chinese Academy of Sciences.
C. Peking Union Medical College.
D. Xishuangbanna Research Center.
17. How much has the average temperature on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau risen over the past 50 years
A. 0.5℃. B. 1.0℃. C. 1.5℃. D. 2.0℃.
18. Why are lowland plants moving higher up the mountain
A. Because the temperature is getting warmer.
B. Because the snowline is moving lower.
C. Because people plant them on the mountain.
D. Because the lowland has no more space for them.
19. Which of the following is a good action that China has taken to protect the alpine plants
A. Cutting down the number of animals on the plateau.
B. Building new farms for lowland plants.
C. Collecting seeds of endangered plants and planting them in protected areas.
D. Stopping all human activities on the plateau.
20. What is the main message of the text
A. Climate change has already destroyed all the mountain ecosystems.
B. There is nothing we can do to stop the change of mountain ecosystems.
C. Warming temperature changes mountain ecosystems, but we can act.
D. All alpine plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau will disappear by 2100.
【文章大意】本文介绍了中国科学院的一项新研究——青藏高原气温升高正在改变山地生态系统的平衡。过去50年高原气温上升了1.5℃，雪线上移，低海拔植物侵占高海拔植物的生存空间。但中国的保护项目已经减缓了这一变化速度。
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段"A new study from the Chinese Academy of Sciences"可知，这项新研究来自中国科学院。故选B。
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段"the average temperature on the plateau has risen by 1.5℃"可知，过去50年青藏高原平均气温上升了1.5℃。故选C。
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段"The rising temperature makes the snowline move higher up the mountain... some lowland plants are moving higher"可知，气温升高导致低海拔植物向高海拔迁移。故选A。
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段"Local environmental protection teams have collected seeds of endangered alpine plants and planted them in protected areas"可知，中国采取的保护措施包括收集濒危植物种子并在保护区内种植。故选C。
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。文章既指出了气温升高对生态平衡的威胁，也介绍了中国采取的保护措施，最后引用科学家的话"we can still do something to protect the balance"，C项全面概括了这一主旨。A项和D项过于绝对，B项与文章内容矛盾。故选C。
E篇
Many cities around China are working to bring dirty rivers back to life. The Green River Project in Guangzhou is one successful example. ____21____
Fifty years ago, the river was clean and clear. Local people could swim in it and catch fish for food. However, with rapid industrial development, many factories were built along the banks. ____22____ Black water ran directly into the river, killing all the fish and plants. The smelly water made local residents stay far away, and the beautiful river became a dirty, noisy place.
In 2018, the local environmental organisation started a full restoration project. Workers cleaned up tons of rubbish and litter from the river bottom. ____23____ They also built new walking paths and parks along the river for people to enjoy.
____24____ Today, clear water flows through the city again. Ducks and wild birds have come back to live on the river. Local people often go walking there on weekends, and many even bring their children to watch the fish. ____25____ It tells us that even seriously damaged ecosystems can be repaired if we take action in time.
A. They closed factories that poured dirty water into the river directly. B. It shows how human activity can hurt a natural balance and how we can fix it. C. The project has faced several setbacks in the first few years of work. D. It took more than five years of hard work to complete the main project. E. The project aims to fix the damaged ecosystem of the city's most polluted river. F. Factories burned coal to produce goods and poured untreated water into the river.
【文章大意】本文介绍了广州的"绿色河流项目"。50年前河流清澈，但工业发展导致工厂排污使河流严重污染。2018年启动修复项目，经过五年多的努力，河流恢复了清澈，重新成为市民休闲的好去处。
21.【答案】E
【解析】上文提到"广州的绿色河流项目是一个成功的例子"，E项"该项目旨在修复该市污染最严重的河流的受损生态系统"具体说明了项目目标，与上文衔接自然。故选E。
22.【答案】F
【解析】上文提到"随着工业快速发展，河岸建起了许多工厂"，F项"工厂烧煤生产商品，并将未经处理的水直接排入河流"具体说明了工厂对河流的污染方式，与下文"黑水直接流入河流"衔接自然。故选F。
23.【答案】A
【解析】上文提到工人清理了河底的垃圾，A项"他们关闭了直接向河流排放污水的工厂"是修复项目的另一重要措施，与下文"他们还沿河修建了步道和公园"形成并列关系。故选A。
24.【答案】D
【解析】上文介绍了修复项目的各项措施，下文提到"如今清澈的河水再次流过城市"，D项"完成主体项目花了五年多的艰苦努力"承上启下，说明项目历时之久，与后文成果形成对比。故选D。
25.【答案】B
【解析】上文描述了河流修复后的美好景象，B项"它展示了人类活动如何破坏自然平衡以及我们如何修复它"是对全文的总结，与后文"它告诉我们，只要及时采取行动，即使是严重受损的生态系统也可以修复"衔接自然。故选B。
五、单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
根据下列句子及所给的首字母或括号内的提示词，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。
1. When people d________ rubbish into rivers, they badly pollute the living environment of fish.
【答案】drop
【解析】句意：当人们把垃圾扔进河流时，他们严重污染了鱼类的生存环境。根据"rubbish into rivers"和首字母d可知，此处指"丢弃、扔"，drop符合语境。故填drop。
2. To b________ the needs of development and environmental protection, our government has made many new rules.
【答案】balance
【解析】句意：为了平衡发展和环境保护的需求，我们的政府制定了许多新规定。根据"the needs of development and environmental protection"和首字母b可知，此处指"平衡"，balance符合语境。故填balance。
3. More and more people in modern s________ have realized the importance of keeping ecological balance.
【答案】society
【解析】句意：现代社会越来越多的人已经认识到保持生态平衡的重要性。根据"modern"和首字母s可知，此处指"社会"，society符合语境。故填society。
4. The f________ who visited the Wolong Panda Base spoke highly of our efforts in animal protection.
【答案】foreigners
【解析】句意：参观卧龙大熊猫基地的外国人对我们在动物保护方面的努力给予了高度评价。根据"visited the Wolong Panda Base"和首字母f可知，此处指"外国人"，从句中who visited为复数概念，应用复数形式foreigners。故填foreigners。
5. The Yangtze finless porpoise is one of the most e________ species in China, and we must take action to save it.
【答案】endangered
【解析】句意：长江江豚是中国最濒危的物种之一，我们必须采取行动拯救它。根据"must take action to save it"和首字母e可知，此处指"濒危的"，endangered符合语境。故填endangered。
6. Lots of ________ (tour) come to Yunnan every year to enjoy the natural beauty and learn about local wild animal protection projects.
【答案】tourists
【解析】句意：每年大量游客来到云南欣赏自然美景，并了解当地的野生动物保护项目。tour"旅行"，动词。此处需要名词作主语，由Lots of修饰，应用复数形式tourists，意为"游客"。故填tourists。
7. Because of the sudden heavy rainstorm, the local environmental charity ________ (cancel) the beach clean-up activity last Saturday.
【答案】canceled / cancelled
【解析】句意：由于突如其来的暴雨，当地环保慈善机构取消了上周六的海滩清洁活动。cancel"取消"，动词。根据last Saturday可知，应用一般过去时，cancel的过去式可以是canceled或cancelled。故填canceled/cancelled。
8. Anyone who hunts animals illegally will face serious ________ (punish) under the new environmental law.
【答案】punishment
【解析】句意：根据新的环境法，任何非法猎杀动物的人都将面临严厉的惩罚。punish"惩罚"，动词。此处由serious修饰，需要名词形式，punishment意为"惩罚"。故填punishment。
9. ________ (overfish) has been one of the biggest problems that damage the balance of ocean ecosystems.
【答案】Overfishing
【解析】句意：过度捕捞一直是破坏海洋生态系统平衡的最大问题之一。overfish"过度捕捞"，动词。此处需要名词作主语，Overfishing意为"过度捕捞"，句首首字母大写。故填Overfishing。
10. Many environmental organizations have called for more public attention to the ________ (protect) of natural wetlands.
【答案】protection
【解析】句意：许多环保组织呼吁公众更多地关注自然湿地的保护。protect"保护"，动词。此处由the修饰，需要名词形式，protection意为"保护"。故填protection。
六、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is one of the most special ecological areas in the world. It is home to many rare wild animals, 1. ______ (include) the Tibetan antelope. In the 1990s, 2. ______ rapid development of the wool trade made many poachers (偷猎者) kill Tibetan antelopes for their fur. As a result, the number of Tibetan antelopes dropped 3. ______ low that the species was listed as endangered. Over the past 30 years, Chinese 4. ______ (organise) have been working hard on the protection of this fragile ecosystem. Strict rules forbid poaching and stop 5. ______ (industry) activities from destroying the antelopes' living areas. Furthermore, more and more local people have joined volunteer groups to help 6. ______ (monitor) the antelope population. The protection efforts have achieved great success: the number of Tibetan antelopes 7. ______ (grow) from less than 70,000 in 1995 to over 300,000 in 2024. This story tells us that human activities can have both negative and positive 8. ______ (influence) on nature. When we keep a good balance between development and 9. ______ (protect), we can live in harmony with wild animals. This experience 10. ______ (highlight) the importance of protecting the natural world for future generations.
【文章大意】本文介绍了青藏高原上藏羚羊的保护历程。20世纪90年代因羊毛贸易导致藏羚羊被大量猎杀，数量锐减。经过30年的保护努力，藏羚羊数量从1995年的不足7万只增长到2024年的30万只以上，成为动物保护的成功典范。
1.【答案】including
【解析】考查介词。句意：它是许多珍稀野生动物的家园，包括藏羚羊。include"包括"，动词。此处需要介词形式，including意为"包括"，后接名词作宾语。故填including。
2.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：20世纪90年代，羊毛贸易的快速发展使许多偷猎者捕杀藏羚羊以获取皮毛。此处development后有of短语限定，表示特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。
3.【答案】so
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：结果，藏羚羊的数量降到了如此之低，以至于该物种被列为濒危动物。so...that...为固定搭配，意为"如此……以至于……"，so后接形容词或副词。故填so。
4.【答案】organisations
【解析】考查名词。句意：在过去的30年里，中国的组织一直在努力保护这个脆弱的生态系统。organise"组织"，动词。此处需要名词作主语，由Chinese修饰，应用复数形式organisations，意为"组织"。故填organisations。
5.【答案】industrial
【解析】考查形容词。句意：严格的规定禁止偷猎，并阻止工业活动破坏藏羚羊的生存区域。industry"工业"，名词。此处需要形容词修饰activities，industrial意为"工业的"。故填industrial。
6.【答案】(to) monitor
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，越来越多的当地人加入志愿者小组，帮助监测藏羚羊的数量。help后接动词原形或不定式，help (to) do sth意为"帮助做某事"。故填(to) monitor。
7.【答案】has grown
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：藏羚羊的数量从1995年的不足7万只增长到2024年的30万只以上。根据时间范围"from 1995 to 2024"可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时。主语the number为单数，故填has grown。
8.【答案】influences
【解析】考查名词。句意：这个故事告诉我们，人类活动对自然既有负面影响也有积极影响。influence"影响"，此处由both negative and positive修饰，且为可数名词，应用复数形式influences。故填influences。
9.【答案】protection
【解析】考查名词。句意：当我们在发展和保护之间保持良好平衡时，我们就能与野生动物和谐共处。protect"保护"，动词。此处由between...and...连接，与development并列，需要名词形式protection。故填protection。
10.【答案】highlights
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这一经历凸显了为子孙后代保护自然世界的重要性。highlight"强调、突出"，动词。陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语This experience为第三人称单数。故填highlights。
七、书面表达（满分15分）
你校将举办主题为"Keeping a Fine Balance between Humans and Nature"的英语征文比赛，请你结合自己的生活经历，写一篇短文参赛。内容要求如下：
1. 简述你身边存在的一个破坏生态平衡的小现象；
2. 介绍一个你参与过或了解到的环境保护/濒危动物保护行动；
3. 谈谈你对"人与自然和谐共生"的理解，发出保护生态的倡议。
要求：
1. 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范；
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯，内容完整；
3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名；
4. 词数：100词左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
【写作指导】
审题分析：
本题要求以"Keeping a Fine Balance between Humans and Nature"为题写一篇征文，需包含三个要点：描述身边破坏生态平衡的现象、介绍环保或动物保护行动、阐述对人与自然和谐共生的理解并发出倡议。
内容要点：
1. 破坏现象——可以选择身边的小现象，如乱扔垃圾、浪费水资源、过度使用塑料袋等，简要说明其危害。
2. 保护行动——可以介绍自己参与的环保活动（如垃圾分类、植树、海滩清洁等），或了解到的动物保护项目。
3. 理解与倡议——阐述对"人与自然和谐共生"的理解，强调保护生态平衡的重要性，号召大家从身边小事做起。
结构建议：
第一段：简述身边破坏生态平衡的现象
第二段：介绍自己参与或了解的环保行动
第三段：谈谈对人与自然和谐共生的理解，发出倡议
【参考范文】
Keeping a Fine Balance between Humans and Nature
In my hometown, there used to be a small wetland near the city. It was home to hundreds of wild birds and small fish. However, with rapid industrial development, part of the wetland was turned into farmland and some factories. This has broken the local natural balance.
Last year, a local environmental organization started a protection project. They cleaned the waste water, planted more trees and brought some of the wetland back. I also joined them as a volunteer. Now, some endangered birds have come back.
I believe humans can never live well without a healthy ecosystem. We should always remember that we are part of nature, not its master. Let's take small actions every day to keep the fine balance between humans and nature.

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