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上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学
20252026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题
一、语法填空
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Too much of a good thing
America’s airlines were famous for two things: terrible service and worse finances. Today flyers still endure ___1___ (hide) fees, late flights, bruised knees, and bad food. The profit, though, has changed a lot. Last year America’s airlines made $24 billion more than Alphabet, the parent company of Google. Even ___2___ the price of fuel, one of airlines’ main expenses, collapsed alongside the oil price, little of that benefit was passed on to consumers through lower prices, with revenues ___3___ (remain) fairly flat. After a bout of (一阵) consolidation in the past decade the industry is dominated by four firms ___4___ financial discipline is tight. And the return on capital is similar to ___5___ seen in Silicon Valley.
___6___ is true of the airline industry is increasingly true of America’s economy as a whole. Profits ___7___ (rise) in most rich countries over the past ten years but the increase has been biggest for American firms. Coupled with an increasing concentration of ownership, this means the fruits of economic growth ___8___ (store) at present. This is probably part of the reason that twothirds of Americans, including a majority of Republicans, have come to believe that the economy “unfairly favours powerful interests”, according to polling by Pew, a research outfit.
The last year has seen a slight dip in aggregate profits because of the high dollar and the effect of the oil price on energy firms. But profits are at nearrecord highs relative to GDP and free cash flow has grown yet ___9___ (strikingly) . Return on capital is at nearrecord levels, too. The past two decades have seen most firms make more money than they ___10___ . And more firms have become very profitable.
二、选词填空
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. applying B. bested C. attempt D. milestones E. grounds F. folding G. efficient H. makeup I. details J. engineered K. subscribes
DeepMind’s AI is getting closer to its first big real world application
In the six years since it was acquired by Google, DeepMind has been stringing together a long list of artificial intelligence ___11___ . It has outplayed Go champions, ___12___ professional StarCraft players and turned its attention to chess.
Aside from its work in healthcare — which in September 2019 became part of Google Health — what DeepMind hasn’t been particularly vocal about is ___13___ its AI to more practical problems. There are some exceptions — DeepMind’s AI has already helped to make Google’s data centres more energy ___14___ and improve the firm’s texttospeech systems — but most of its headline grabbing work has focused on using games as proving ___15___ for AI systems.
But now DeepMind is starting to tackle one of science’s trickiest problems: protein ___16___ . the process whereby a protein molecule assumes its complicated threedimensional shape. A paper published in the journal Nature ___17___ how DeepMind’s AI system was able to beat all of its opponents in a competition where algorithms (算法) predicted the structure of a protein based on its genetic ___18___ . Being able to predict the structure of proteins could make it much easier for us to develop new drugs, understand how genetic mutations (变异) lead to disease and develop genetically ___19___ proteins.
“They did blow the field apart,” says Paul Bates, leader of the biomolecular modelling laboratory at the Francis Crick Institute in London, and a fellow participant in the Critical Assessment of Techniques for Protein Structure Prediction (CASP) competition. “We were all a bit surprised that they did quite as well as that, since it was their first ___20___ in the field.”
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2026 will showcase the real power of distributed computing. Significant processing take place not in ___21___ servers in the cloud, but on the “edge” of the network, where much of the data we rely on is generated. This will deliver big ___22___ , not only in computing, but also in the lives of the increasing number of people who will be connected to the power of the internet as a result.
Edge computing will be crucial to the success of the Internet of Things (IoT).
Between them, IoT devices — from smartwatches to tiny computers ___23___ in machines — generate huge amounts of data. This is processed in the cloud, with relevant data then sent back to the device, instructing it how to react. ___24___ , latency — the time it takes for data to travel between two points on the internet — makes this setup ___25___ for timecritical applications such as those used by medical devices, for example, which need to process and react to sensor data almost instantly. Relying on the cloud also ___26___ the possibility of deploying (部署) IoT devices to locations with little or no internet connection.
In 2026 we will use edge computing to ___27___ these challenges by relocating the processing of data from a central server to geographically closer to where it was gathered. We will be able to do this thanks to specialist accelerator chipsets, which are able to ___28___ relatively advanced machinelearning algorithms far from the powerful centralized servers of the traditional cloud and sometimes even on the device itself. This will reduce latency to almost zero. We are also developing software and hardware optimisation techniques such as model quantisation, which will ___29___ cloudbased processing, further reducing latency. ___30___ like these will help spread sophisticated IoT devices throughout the world.
Edge computing will also enable us to have more ___31___ control over our data. This means that ___32___ data, such as medical information, can be processed and kept secure on the device itself. An example of this already in use can be found on smartphone keyboards, which create a personal library of common words and phrases for each individual on their device while sending only ___33___ changes of the AI model to the cloud for processing. This allows the AI to learn from use cases, but protects the ___34___ of users.
In 2026 we will see more breakthroughs brought about by edge computing in medicine, transport, industry, agriculture and the home. Edge’s ability to process data in an intelligent way as near as possible to its ___35___ will create an IoT that will deliver practical benefits to huge groups of people across the globe.
21. A．centralized B．dedicated C．virtual D．internal
22. A．appliances B．insights C．discounts D．gains
23. A．masked B．embedded C．enclosed D．isolated
24. A．Furthermore B．Consequently C．Nevertheless D．Similarly
25. A．unreliable B．unpredictable C．unparalleled D．unconscious
26. A．reverses B．enhances C．reserves D．limits
27. A．address B．resist C．recognise D．evaluate
28. A．draft B．vary C．run D．shift
29. A．speed up B．act as C．keep off D．get around
30. A．Advantages B．Reliefs C．Advances D．Patterns
31. A．localized B．standardized C．finalized D．routinized
32. A．sensitive B．massive C．clinical D．raw
33. A．categorized B．summarized C．dramatic D．periodic
34. A．privacy B．fancy C．liberty D．dignity
35. A．surface B．reference C．essence D．source
四、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Shakespeare’s plays were so popular in the 16th and 17th centuries because they were good — and because they were cheap. Productions at the Globe, the cultural landmark of London, saw audiences cram in, with the cheapest “seats” being no seats at all, but standing places in the “pit” below the stage. Few complained, even as their knees no doubt protested, thanks to the quality of what unfolded in front of them.
The same holds true in 2025: standing tickets are still only 10, or 5 if you book early enough, and the theatre remains as spectacular as ever. This summer’s Romeo and Juliet, for instance, is full of life. The audience roars with laughter at all the right moments. It is a far cry from the miscommunication and heavyhanded teaching at General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) that has put generations of students off Shakespeare.
For Michelle Terry, the artistic director at Shakespeare’s Globe, making theatre accessible is vital to turning around perceptions, and the cheap tickets certainly help. The pricing, Terry reckons, gives audiences the chance to make their mind up about Shakespeare without pressure. The low entry fee gives audiences “the right to have an opinion”. “You can say, I am not having a good time, and I can afford to leave,” she says.
While access for all is the goal, the team are aware of the role that Shakespeare plays in the national curriculum and make every effort to ensure as many students as possible can see its plays. Each year it tries to programme at least one of the GCSE texts, and in 202324 more than 120,000 students visited the Globe to see Shakespeare live, 26,000 of them for free.
School visitors aren’t the only ones keen to see Shakespeare. Today the Globe truly lives up to its name, with a third of visitors last year coming from abroad, from 147 different countries. For Terry, bringing people together from all walks of life is central to making theatre accessible — especially in today’s political climate where people are becoming increasingly polarised, isolationist, individualist.
36. Shakespeare’s Globe in the 16th and 17th centuries ________.
A．provided tickets from five pounds
B．impressed visitors with quality shows
C．smartly dealt with viewers’ complaints
D．offered more standing places than seats.
37. According to the passage, Globe’s current success is due to ________.
①affordable prices
②engaging performance
③comfortable environment
④enrollment of foreign performers
⑤cultivation of prospective visitors
⑥encouragement of free art appreciation
A．①②④⑥ B．①②⑤⑥ C．①③⑤⑥ D．②③④⑤
38. What can be inferred about GCSE
A．Its texts are funded by private organizations like the Globe.
B．It ignores the importance of Shakespeare plays for students.
C．It intends to free students from the burden of Shakespeare plays.
D．Its teaching robs students of the joy of learning Shakespeare plays.
39. The passage is mainly about ________.
A．the popularity of Shakespeare’s plays
B．the influence of Shakespeare’s plays
C．the development of a famous theater
D．the accessibility of a famous theater
B
A Framework for Choosing Where and How to Use Gen AI
To determine how best to deploy gen AI in your organization, you must first identify the tasks being performed and evaluate them on two factors: What are the consequences if gen AI makes a mistake What type of knowledge is needed Once you locate each task within the matrix, you can use the appropriate level of gen AI support.
As the framework illustrates, some tasks are best handled by AI alone, others through human-AI collaboration, and some still require purely human judgment, The key is understanding which tasks remain distinctly human.
Tacit knowledge
Refers to experiential intuitive. and often context-specific insights-such as composing a marketing campaign, interpreting subtle cues. In a negotiation, or making complex strategic trade-offs. Tacit Knowledge is built through lived experience and is difficult to codify making tasks that require it harder for current gen AI models to handle.
TYPE OF KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED
·Explicit data
Can be clearly articulated. documented, and stored-whether. It Is structured (numerical sales data, inventory databases. operational logs, and the like) or unstructured (written policy documents, customer reviews, and open-ended survey responses, for example).
Creative
catalyst
AI creates options, and human selects.
Creating advertisements
Outlining sales scripts
Developing products Human-first
Human leads and does the heavy lifting. AI assists with minor tasks.
Setting strategy
Integrating enterprise- level systems
Making disciplinary decisions.
No regrets
AI does it all
(no human in the loop).
Addressing bulk customer inquiries
Summarizing documents
Screening résumés Quality control
AI produces the work, and human verifies it.
Drafting high-value contracts
Writing production software code
Conducting due diligence of records
COST OF ERROS
Low
Errors would result in small inefficiencies or missteps-such as a minor error. In a draft or a missed nuance in a customer response.
HIGH
Errors could lead to reputational damage legal liability or even physical harm-Incorrect financial fillings, for example, or flawed medical recommendations.
40. The primary purpose of the text is to ________.
A．advocate the widespread adoption of Gen AI
B．compare the performance of humans and Gen AI
C．propose a structured guideline about Gen AI usage
D．explain the differences between tacit and explicit data
41. Which of the following tasks is most suitable for the “Humanfirst” mode
A．Handling large volumes of customer requests
B．Checking machinegenerated legal agreements
C．Setting longterm organizational goals
D．Creating initial ad campaign concepts
42. A bank uses Gen AI to generate a risk assessment report from sales data for a loan application. According to the framework, which Gen AI mode is most suitable
A．Creative catalyst
B．Humanfirst
C．No Regrets
D．Quality Control
C
The Octopus Organization, inspired by the remarkably adaptive, curious, and intelligent sea dweller. That animal, whose arms can think and act independently yet work in perfect concert, offers a model for building companies that can thrive in complexity and embrace continuous change. Octopus Orgs tap the intelligence of their people, integrating a range of efforts naturally and gracefully. They sense subtle signals, learning and shifting course at speed to navigate uncertainty.
A complex world is like the ocean, the home of the octopus — where a small shift in the current can create unpredictable effects miles away. The shifts and unpredictability make it difficult to navigate; you can only sense, respond, and learn from the flow. This is the world the Octopus Org is designed for, an environment where success comes not from rigid control but from distributed intelligence, continuous learning, and adaptation.
To get a sense of what this looks like in a business setting, think of how most companies structure strategy meetings. The very design of the typical meeting room — dominated by a large screen for presentations, often with no whiteboard in sight — signals that it is a space for the consumption of information, not the creation of ideas. Speakers adhere to a set agenda, deliver carefully prepared slides, and stick to their assigned time. Questions are reserved for the end and are often perfunctory (草率的, 敷衍的) or performative. The information flow is tightly controlled and consistently structured.
In the Octopus Org, by comparison, meetings have clearly defined outcomes but not always a fixed agenda. Leaders encourage people to surface ideas rapidly and ask provocative questions. You’ll often find a diverse group from across the company — frontline workers and executives, new and old voices — gathered around a whiteboard contributors build on and challenge one another’s arguments. Conversation flows, tangents are explored, and unexpected connections emerge.
And look at how Tin Man Orgs, where a company’s strategy can be optimized through analysis, specialization, and control, with no inherent uncertainty, treat innovation as a department, creating innovation labs that are physically and culturally isolated. Teams develop ideas in isolation and then hand them off to “the business” for implementation. Octopus Orgs, in contrast, understand that innovation is a distributed capability, the daily, obsessive work of meeting customer needs in ever better ways. They create mechanisms for invention everywhere, entrusting small, decentralized teams with endtoend ownership of customer problems. This ensures the people closest to the customer are the ones who experiment, learn, and build what’s coming next.
Ultimately, all of these Octopus Org behaviors orbit around a single, nonnegotiable question: “Does this create more value for our customers ” The obsessive focus drives employee engagement, which in turn fuels the innovation and resilience needed to thrive. The rewards are cultural, profound, and measurable.
43. The description of the octopus’s arms serves to illustrate ________.
A．the distributed yet unified intelligence
B．sensing subtle signals amid uncertainty
C．the evolution in complex, unpredictable settings
D．continuous learning and adaptation to change
44. A retail company wants to become more “Octopuslike”. Which of these changes would be most in line with that goal
A．Stick to clearly defined goal and set time.
B．Focus on slides and controlled flow.
C．Create a specialized lab for innovation.
D．Use whiteboards for diverse collaboration.
45. How does Octopus Orgs differ from Tin Man Orgs in innovation
A．By relying on analysis and control.
B．By treating innovation as a department.
C．By seeing innovation as everyone’s job.
D．By focusing on customer value first.
46. What’s the main idea of the passage
A．Why traditional meeting structures prevent innovation.
B．How to succeed in unpredictable business conditions.
C．A model for building companies in a complex world.
D．A focus on building distributed innovation capabilities
D
Who should get the billions from sunken treasure
On Sept. 30, a team working for the Floridabased treasurehunting company 1715 Fleet Queens Jewels, which has the exclusive rights to search the area and has been combing it for decades, announced that it had recovered more than 1,000 discolored silver coins from the fleet’s wreckage (残骸), as well as several gold coins that shone as brightly as the day they were made. ___47___
Should such a treasure be for sale Florida says yes, allowing treasure hunters to profit from the spoils of history as long as they give the state 20 percent of the finds and stick to its relatively loose archaeological (考古学的) guidelines. Most archaeologists, however, say no. ___48___ Allowing the commercialization of historical handicrafts, they argue, robs scholars of the chance to study them and the rest of us of the chance to see them — and encourages looting.
___49___ The latter depend on the former to establish the context and origin that makes findings valuable to collectors. Archaeologists, meanwhile, often lack the funding to explore shipwrecks themselves. If it weren’t for the adventurism of treasure hunters, many of the most important wrecks of the Caribbean would not have been found.
In 2001, in an effort to keep underwater treasure hunters at bay, UNESCO released its Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage. ___50___ Spain, unsurprisingly, approved the convention. Among those countries that did not are two whose territorial waters are known to contain untold amounts of lost Spanish treasure: the United States and Colombia.
The depths of the ocean are still largely uncharted, and UNESCO estimates that more than 3 million shipwrecks remain undiscovered. As marine robotics allow explorers to go deeper and cover ever more ground, conflicts will continue to arise. Historyminded governments should find ways to ease the concerns of archaeologists while rewarding the romantic nerve of treasure hunters and wreck seekers without whom there would be nothing to discuss.
A．Yet archaeologists and treasure hunters share an uneasy coexistence.
B．As even the infamously unprincipled Indiana Jones would say, “It belongs in a museum.”
C．Highlighting the principle of “finders keepers”, this framework has been observed by many nations.
D．This financial dynamic fundamentally shapes the interaction between archaeologists and treasure hunters.
E．The coins will be catalogued before being distributed, with many probably being sold into private collections.
F．The document specifies that the wrecks of war ships remain the property of the countries whose flag they flew.
五、概要写作
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Are touchscreens in cars dangerous
For years almost every new car sold has come with a hightech, futuristic screen, which controls everything from the air conditioning to the music. Even safety features like automatic lanekeeping are sometimes screencontrolled.
But are touchscreens safe The case for the accusation is straightforward. If fiddling with the screen of a smartphone while driving is distracting, and therefore dangerous, then doing likewise with your car’s is probably risky too. Drivers can learn the location of physical controls, and press buttons or twiddle dials without taking their eyes off the road. A touchscreen offers no physical feedback, making that much harder. And because a screen must do dozens of jobs, finding a particular setting often means tapping through several submenus. The result, say critics, is a dangerous distraction built into the car itself.
Research backs that up. A study, done in 2024 by researchers at SINTEF, a Norwegian contractresearch organisation, used gazetracking cameras to compare how long drivers were distracted while performing different tasks on a touchscreen. Even the quickest job — changing the temperature — meant three and a half seconds, on average, of not looking at the road. Finding a new radio station took 11 seconds, and putting a new address into the satellite navigation took 16. An analysis published in 2020 by the Transport Research Laboratory, a British organisation, found that touchscreens impaired a driver’s reaction time more than driving over the legal alcohol limit.
Safety organisations are beginning to notice. From January new rules from Euro NCAP, an organisation that provides safety ratings for cars sold in Europe, will mean no car can get a full fivestar score unless certain crucial functions — indicators, for instance, or the windscreen wipers — are controlled by real switches. Euro NCAP’s safety guidelines have no legal force. But carmakers use its ratings as a sellingpoint.
But innovation never stops. Even as touchscreens are falling out of favour, many manufacturers are turning their attention to voice control — though that is a subject for another story.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、翻译
52. 全职绘画博主，亦或“独立画师”，这条路好走吗 (in other words) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
53. 长颈鹿俯身饮水，这优雅又笨拙的瞬间，会让你忍俊不禁。 (moment when) (汉译英)
_____________________________________________________________________
54. “十五五”规划中明确要求，政府应因地制宜、有条不紊地改善农村娱乐设施。 (require) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
55. 上海大歌剧院建设已进入冲刺阶段，其极具象征意义的“中国扇”造型将惊艳亮相，势必刷屏网络。 (bound) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
七、书信写作
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是江薇中学高三学生张芯，学校计划引入人形机器人，以优化校园服务、提升学习体验。你校英文报现向全体学生征集建议，希望确定一个最适合引入机器人的岗位。你对此颇感兴趣。请写一封邮件给校报负责老师，内容需包括：
(1) 设置的具体岗位和岗位职责；
(2) 推荐该岗位的理由。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、语法填空
1. hidden 2. when/though/although 3. remaining 4. whose 5. that
6. What 7. have risen 8. are being stored 9. more strikingly 10. used to
二、选词填空
11.D 12.B 13.A 14.G 15.E 16.F 17.I 18.H 19.J 20.C
三、完形填空
2125 ADBCA 2630 DACAC 3135 AABAD
四、阅读理解
3639 BBDD 4042 CCD 4346 ADCC 4750 EBAF
五、书面表达
51.范文：Car touchscreens cause dangerous driving distraction without physical feedback and complex menu operations. Relevant studies prove they harm drivers’ reaction more than drunk driving. Euro NCAP will require real switches for key functions for fivestar ratings, while carmakers are turning to voice control.
六、翻译
52. Is it an easy path to become a fulltime painting blogger, in other words, an independent illustrator
53. The moment when giraffes bend down to drink water, elegant yet clumsy, will make you cannot help laughing.
54. The 15th FiveYear Plan clearly requires that governments should improve rural entertainment facilities step by step according to local conditions.
55. The construction of Shanghai Grand Opera House has entered its final stage. Its symbolic "Chinese Fan" shape will make a stunning debut and is bound to go viral online.
七、书信写作
56.范文：
Dear teacher,
I’m Zhang Xin, a Senior Three student from Jiangwei Middle School. Hearing that our school plans to introduce a humanoid robot, I’m writing to recommend it to work as an afterschool study assistant.
Its main duties include sorting learning materials, answering common academic questions and reminding students of important campus arrangements. Besides, it can offer basic learning tips for us.
I recommend this position because it can ease teachers’ heavy workload. Meanwhile, students can get instant help whenever they meet small puzzles in study. It will greatly improve our learning experience.
Hope my suggestion will be taken into consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Zhang Xin

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