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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2026 - 2027学年九年级英语上册单元综合素养培优卷沪教版（新教材）
Unit 1 Great people
注意事项
1. 全卷满分120分。考试时间120分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在指定区域，答在非答题区无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：60分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1． I’m happy ________ my cousin won the running race at school.
A．what B．that C．if D．where
2．It is ________ for us to learn from great people, as their spirits can guide us through difficulties.
A．tiny B．significant C．simple D．rapid
3．Despite many failures, the team managed ________ a new vaccine after years of research.
A．to develop B．developing C．developed D．develop
4．I'm ________ that Tu Youyou’s discovery has saved millions of lives around the world.
A．convincing B．convinced C．convince D．to convince
5．To tell the ________, real greatness comes from ________ helping others, not just personal success.
A．true; truly B．truth; true C．true; true D．truth; truly
6．Please ________ the classroom. Take your books out and get ready for class.
A．go straight to B．make use of C．pay attention to D．be jealous of
7．She turned on the ________ to read at night. She sat quietly and focused on her book for hours.
A．lamp B．blog C．joy D．tent
8．I can’t ________ my idea ________ to him, so I plan to draw a picture to explain later.
A．cheer; up B．hold; up C．fill; with D．get; across
9．Soldiers ________ their country. They are ready to protect every person at home.
A．look for B．fight for C．suffer from D．move about
10．She ________ to us that she could do it well. Now everyone fully believes in her ability.
A．proved B．threw C．punished D．forced
11．I________ classical music. I often listen to it when I finish my homework.
A．am afraid of B．am tired of C．am worried about D．am fond of
12．Stand straight to stay ________ on the board. Bend your knees slightly.
A．healthy B．concerned C．balanced D．advanced
13．It’s necessary ________ different reading skills to learn the unit well.
A．experience B．to experience C．experiencing D．experienced
14．—What are you busy with
—I’m ________ information about Marie Curie for our reading task.
A．researching B．looking C．experiencing D．including
15．Yuan Longping made great ________ in rice research.
A．achievement B．achievements C．fact D．knowledge
二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
Yuan Longping is one of the most inspiring 16 in Chinese history. As a great agricultural 17 , he spent all his life studying rice.
When he was 18 , large numbers of people around the world suffered from hunger. At that time, countless 19 families could not get enough food to 20 their children. Yuan made up his mind 21 this serious worldwide problem. He held a lifelong big 22 : to develop high-yield rice and end hunger for more people.
He 23 nearly all his spare time to rice research year after year. He worked in the hot fields in summer and braved cold wind in winter. He did thousands of experiments and tried his 24 to create new kinds of rice 25 .
Thanks to his long hard work, hybrid rice was invented. It produced 26 grain than ordinary rice. His research helped China and lots of other 27 beat hunger. Villagers in remote areas could get enough food, and 28 no longer worried about starving.
Though Yuan has left us, his spirit still encourages teenagers. We should learn from him: never give up when we 29 against hard difficulties. As long as we stick to our goals, we will surely 30 our own dreams one day.
16．A．hero B．heroes C．hero’s D．heroes’
17．A．science B．scientist C．scientists D．scientific
18．A．young B．younger C．youngest D．youth
19．A．wealthy B．brave C．clever D．poor
20．A．feed B．find C．feel D．fight
21．A．solve B．solving C．to solve D．solved
22．A．dream B．plan C．wish D．thought
23．A．devote B．devotes C．devoted D．will devote
24．A．good B．well C．better D．best
25．A．plant B．plants C．planting D．planted
26．A．many B．much C．more D．most
27．A．country B．countries C．country’s D．countries’
28．A．them B．their C．they D．theirs
29．A．fight B．fights C．fought D．fighting
30．A．make B．achieve C．finish D．receive
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
A
Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911. He is known as “the father of China’s space program” and “the king of the rocket”.
When he was 24 years old, Qian went to America for further study. After graduation, he worked there for a few years. In the early 1950s, he decided not to stay in America any longer. He succeeded in coming back to his motherland in 1955.
In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested setting up a special organization. This organization later became the leading one for China’s rocket and air travel program. In June 1964, China created its first medium rocket. Qian also played an important part in developing China’s first man-made satellite (卫星) . On April 24, 1970, China’s first man-made satellite, “Dongfanghong-I” was successfully sent into the air.
In 1964, a young man wrote a letter to Qian Xuesen and pointed out a mistake in his article. Qian immediately answered the letter and stimulated him to write an article about the mistake.
Zhu Yilin was said to be Qian Xuesen’s last student. He once said, “I learned a lot of professional knowledge as well as the spirit and attitude (态度) that a scientist should have from Mr. Qian.”
31．When did Qian Xuesen return to China from America
A．In 1911. B．In 1935. C．In 1955. D．In 1956.
32．What happened on April 24, 1970
A．China launched its first man-made satellite. B．China created its first rocket.
C．Qian suggested setting up a space organization. D．Qian received a special letter.
33．How old was Qian Xuesen when a young man wrote a letter to him
A．45 years old. B．48 years old. C．50 years old. D．53 years old.
34．What does the underlined word “stimulated” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Created. B．Sold. C．Trusted. D．Encouraged.
35．What is the best title for the text
A．The Early Life of Qian Xuesen B．China’s Journey to Space
C．The Great Scientist Qian Xuesen D．China’s Space Dreams
B
Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine (核潜艇),” was one of China’s most important scientists. Born in 1926 in Guangdong Province, he studied hard and became an excellent engineer. In 1958, when China decided to build its first nuclear submarine, the country chose Huang to lead the project.
At that time, China had very little knowledge of nuclear submarines. There were no foreign experts (专家) to help, and the country was short of special materials and machines. Huang and his team worked day and night to solve these problems. They did thousands of experiments and made many models before succeeding. For national safety, the project was top secret. Huang didn’t tell anyone, even his family, about his work. He once disappeared for 30 years without visiting home. His wife and children only knew he was doing important work for the country but didn’t know the details (详情).
Finally, in 1970, they succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine. This was a great moment in China’s history. Huang’s work helped make China stronger and safer. Although he did such important work, Huang always remained modest (谦逊的). He never talked about his achievements and lived a simple life. In his later years, Huang received many honors (荣誉), but he always said, “I just did what every Chinese should do for our motherland.”
36．When did China decide to build its first nuclear submarine
A．In 1958. B．In 1970. C．In 1971. D．In 1988.
37．What does the underlined word “secret” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Something that people like to enjoy. B．Something that people want to experience.
C．Something that people need to finish. D．Something that only a few people know.
38．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．It was really hard to build the first nuclear submarine.
B．How Huang designed the first nuclear submarine.
C．The importance of the first nuclear submarine.
D．The support from Huang’s family.
39．What can we infer (推断) from the text
A．Huang learned a lot about nuclear submarines in foreign countries.
B．The foreign experts were not friendly at that time.
C．Huang was hard-working and loved our country very much.
D．Huang succeeded in building China’s first nuclear submarine in his 70s.
40．What’s the best title for the text
A．China’s First Nuclear Submarine B．A Great Scientist: Huang Xuhua
C．The Great Development of China D．The Long History of China
C
Yang Chen-Ning, a world-famous physicist and Nobel Prize winner, passed away in Beijing on October 18,2025. He was a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a professor at Tsinghua University. Tsinghua University wrote about his death and described him as “immortal” for his influence on science and education will last forever.
Born in 1922 in Hefei, Anhui Province, Yang moved to Beijing with his family in 1929. His university studies began at the National Southwestern Associated University in 1938, followed by a master’s degree from Tsinghua University in 1944. The next year, he went to the United States for further study, receiving a PhD from the University of Chicago in 1948.
The year 1957 saw Yang and his partner Tsung-dao Lee win the Nobel Prize in Physics. Their discovery about how very small particles (粒子) behave changed scientists’ understanding of particle physics. Together with Robert Mills, Yang developed the “Yang-Mills theory (理论)”, which became a key part of the Standard Model explaining the basic forces of the universe (宇宙).
From 1949 to 1966, Yang worked at Princeton’s Institute for Advanced Study, then taught at the State University of New York until 1999. He returned to China often, serving as a visiting professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong since 1986 and helping build Tsinghua’s advanced studies program.
He cared deeply for his country, developing science education and exchange between China and the United States. His first visit to China in 1971 encouraged many overseas Chinese researchers to return. He also raised money to support Chinese students studying abroad.
Yang’s life was a legend that continues to inspire. His century-long journey of exploration and love for his nation left a bright mark on human history, showing how one person can shape the future through knowledge and hard work.
41．How old was Yang when he died
A．100. B．103. C．105. D．102.
42．Why did Tsinghua University call Yang “immortal”
A．Because he won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957.
B．Because he helped build Tsinghua’s advanced studies program.
C．Because his influence on science and education will last forever.
D．Because he encouraged many overseas Chinese researchers to return.
43．What can we know about Yang’s 1971 visit
A．It was his second time back to China. B．It made him stop working in the US.
C．It started his support for Chinese students. D．It played a role in China’s science development.
44．Put the events about Yang into the correct order according to the passage.
a. Working at a Princeton institute. b. Teaching at a New York university.
c. Serving as a visiting professor in Hong Kong. d. Studying for a PhD in Chicago.
A．d-a-b-c B．a-d-b-c C．d-b-a-c D．a-b-d-c
45．What’s the passage mainly about
A．Yang’s Nobel Prize story. B．Yang’s life and great achievements.
C．Yang’s education in U.S. D．Why Yang returned to China.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：60分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．It takes us time ________ (understand) the deep meaning of great people’s stories.
47．This passage ________ (include) three biographies of famous scientists.
48．He spent three years ________ (research) the life of ancient great people.
49．We enjoy ________ (experience) different language styles in Reading part.
50．Practising listening helps us ________ (master) key sentence structures.
51．My grandpa likes ________ (老式的) medical books full of classical Chinese medicine records.
52．The success of Project 523 is a key ________ (里程碑) in the fight against malaria.
53．Tu Youyou is an ________ (杰出的) scientist who saved millions of people from malaria.
54．Don’t make a quick _______ (判断) about a great person before learning his whole background.
55．Before making the presentation, you need to know the scientist’s early life ________ (背景).
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．在写作前，我们需要搜集伟人早年的生活背景资料。
Before writing, we need to collect materials about great people’s early life ________.
57．尽管旧时科学书籍的表述陈旧，王贞仪依旧坚持学习天文学与数学。
Even though the wording of old science books was ________, Wang Zhenyi still kept on learning astronomy and maths.
58．达尔文是著名的生物学家，也是进化论的提出者。
Charles Darwin was a well-known ________ and the ________ of the theory of evolution.
59．陈望道全身心投入翻译这本书，竟误把粽子蘸进墨水里。
Chen Wangdao was so ________ on translating the book that he dipped zongzi into ink by mistake.
60．除了实验室工作，他大部分时间都在田间度过。
________ his lab work, he spent most of his time in the fields.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空１个单词。
Marie is a famous woman in the world. She 61 (make) a lot of important contributions (贡献) to the development of humans. She was born in Poland 62 (介词) 1867. Her father worked 63 (介词) a middle school headmaster and taught math and physics, so she enjoyed and did well in these 64 (subject) at school. Marie went to study in Paris University in 1891. She studied math and physics there and met a scientist 65 (call) Pierre Curie. They got married in 1895. From then on, she was called Madame Curie. Together, Pierre and Marie discovered radium (镭).
In 1903, Marie became the 66 (one) woman to win the Nobel Prize. Then, in 1904, Pierre became a member of the “Academie Francaise” (法兰西学院). But Marie was not accepted by 67 (they) because women were not allowed to become members at that time. In 1906, Pierre died in 68 (冠词) accident, but Marie went on 69 (work) until she died in 1934.
Madame Curie is our hero. Not only did she discover radium but also won the Nobel Prize 70 (two) in her lifetime.
七、材料作文（本大题共25分）
71．中华民族从来都是一个勇敢且不乏英雄的民族。中国历史上有英雄，文学作品中有英雄，体育竞技赛上有英雄，日常生活中也有英雄。请你从下面第一个表格中选择其中一位英雄，并根据后面两个表格中的提示写一篇短文进行介绍。
提示：
Hero: Monkey King Yuan Longping my teacher my mom Everyday life or Story or Achievement(s) Reasons: spirit ability influence
注意：
（1）文中不得出现真实的校名和地名。
（2）词数80个左右。
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B
【解析】句意：我很高兴我表弟在学校赢得了跑步比赛。
what什么；that那；if如果/是否；where哪里。从句“my cousin won the running race at school”结构完整，不缺成分，且表示确定的事实，需用that引导。
2．B
【解析】句意：向伟大的人物学习对我们来说是重要的，因为他们的精神能指引我们度过困难。
tiny微小的；significant重要的；simple简单的；rapid迅速的。根据后半句“as their spirits can guide us through difficulties”可知，伟大人物的精神能指引我们度过困难，说明向他们学习是有重要意义的，significant符合语境。
3．A
【解析】句意：尽管经历了许多失败，经过多年的研究，这个团队设法研制出了一种新疫苗。
manage to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，manage后接动词不定式作宾语，to develop符合语境。
4．B
【解析】句意：我确信屠呦呦的发现拯救了全世界数百万人的生命。
根据“I’m...that...”可知，此处应填形容词作表语，主语是人，形容人的心理状态，应该用-ed形容词，应填convinced。
5．D
【解析】句意：说实话，真正的伟大源自真正地帮助他人，而不仅仅是个人的成功。
true真的，形容词；truth事实，名词；truly真正地，副词。固定短语to tell the truth“说实话”，用于句首，作插入语，符合语境；第二空修饰动名词helping，需用副词truly。
6．A
【解析】句意：请径直走向教室，取出课本并做好上课准备。
go straight to径直走向；make use of利用；pay attention to注意；be jealous of嫉妒。根据后句“Take your books out and get ready for class.”的场景可知，本句表示“径直前往教室”。
7．A
【解析】句意：她打开灯在晚上阅读。她静静地坐着，全神贯注地读着书，一连好几个小时。
lamp灯；blog博客；joy高兴；tent帐篷。句中“turned on”意为“打开”，结合“read at night”晚上看书的语境，只有lamp符合逻辑，应填lamp。
8．D
【解析】句意：我没法把想法传达给他，所以我打算稍后画图来解释。
cheer up使振作；hold up举起；fill...with...用……装满；get across传达。get sth. across to sb.固定搭配，意为把想法/意思传达给某人，根据后半句“画图解释”，可知是无法让对方理解自己的想法，应填get；across。
9．B
【解析】句意：士兵们为国家而战，随时准备保护国内的每一个人。
look for寻找；fight for为......战斗；suffer from遭受；move about四处走动。结合保卫国家的语境，应填fight for。
10．A
【解析】句意：她向我们证明了自己完全有能力胜任这项工作。如今，所有人都充分相信她的能力。
proved证明；threw投；punished处罚；forced强迫。根据后文“Now everyone fully believes in her ability.”可知，她向大家证明了她的能力，proved符合句意，应填proved。
11．D
【解析】句意：我非常喜欢古典音乐。完成作业后，我常常会听一些古典音乐。
am afraid of害怕；am tired of厌倦；am worried about担心；am fond of喜欢。根据后半句“I often listen to it when I finish my homework.”可知，此处表示喜欢音乐。
12．C
【解析】句意：保持直立姿势以维持在滑板上的平衡。略微弯曲膝盖。
healthy健康的；concerned忧虑的；balanced平衡的；advanced先进的。结合动作场景“保持直立、屈膝”，保持平衡符合语境，应填balanced。
13．B
【解析】句意：体验不同的阅读技巧对于学好这个单元是必要的。
experience体验，动词原形；to experience动词不定式；experiencing动名词；experienced形容词。根据固定句型“It’s+adj.+to do sth.”可知，It是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，to experience符合语境。
14．A
【解析】句意：——你在忙什么？——我正在为我们的阅读任务研究关于居里夫人的信息。
researching研究；looking看；experiencing体验；including包括。根据“information about Marie Curie”可知是在搜集或研究资料，look为不及物动词，后需加介词for或up才能接宾语，experience和include语意不符，research information表示“研究/搜集信息”，符合语境。
15．B
【解析】句意：袁隆平在水稻研究方面取得了巨大成就。
achievement成就，单数；achievements成就，复数；fact事实；knowledge知识。固定短语make great achievements表示“取得巨大成就”，为常用搭配，此处要用名词复数形式achievements。
16．B 17．B 18．A 19．D 20．A 21．C 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文介绍了袁隆平的生平事迹。他目睹饥饿立志研究水稻，历经艰辛培育杂交水稻，解决粮食问题，其精神激励青少年坚持梦想。
【解析】16．句意：袁隆平是中国历史上最鼓舞人心的英雄之一。
此处使用结构one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，意为“最……的……之一”，故使用复数名词heroes。hero是单数，hero’s是单数所有格，heroes’是复数所有格，均形式不符。
17．句意：作为一名伟大的农业科学家，他毕生研究水稻。
根据“As a great agricultural…”及指代人，可知需用单数名词scientist，表示“科学家”。science指学科，scientists为复数，scientific为形容词，均不符。
18．句意：当他年轻时，世界上许多人遭受饥饿。
根据搭配“When he was young”及“At that time”可知，此处表示“当他年轻时”，无比较之意，使用形容词原级young。younger“更年轻的”、youngest“最年轻的”、youth“青春”语意或形式不符。
19．句意：当时，无数贫困家庭没有足够的食物养活自己的孩子。
根据“could not get enough food”可知，无法获得食物说明家庭贫困，对应poor。wealthy“富有的”、brave“勇敢的”、clever“聪明的”与语境逻辑矛盾或不符。
20．句意：当时，无数贫困家庭没有足够的食物养活自己的孩子。
根据“food to…children”可知此处表示用食物喂养孩子，feed符合语境。find“找到”、feel“感觉”、fight“打架”语意不通。
21．句意：袁下定决心解决这个严重的全球问题。
此处使用搭配make up one’s mind to do sth.，意为“下定决心做某事”，填入动词不定式to solve。solve是原形，solving是动名词形式，solved是过去式，形式错误。
22．句意：他一生都怀揣一个伟大的梦想：培育高产水稻，让更多人摆脱饥饿。
根据“lifelong”及“to develop high-yield rice and end hunger for more people”可知此处指他的终生梦想，dream符合语境。plan“计划”、wish“愿望”、thought“想法”程度或语意稍逊。
23．句意：他年复一年将几乎所有业余时间奉献给水稻研究。
文章主体部分描述过去事迹，此处时态为一般过去时，需用devoted。devote是原形，devotes是第三人称单数形式，will devote是将来时，时态不符。
24．句意：他做了数千次实验，尽全力培育种植新的水稻品种。
此处使用搭配try one’s best to do sth.，意为“尽最大努力去做某事”。good“好的”、well“好地”、better“更好”不符合搭配习惯。
25．句意：他做了数千次实验，尽全力培育种植新的水稻品种。
根据“kinds of”可知此处指多种水稻植株，需用复数plants。plant是动词原形，planting是动名词形式，planted是过去式，数或词性不符。
26．句意：它比普通水稻产出更多粮食。
“than”提示使用比较级more。many和much为原级，most为最高级，均不符。
27．句意：他的研究帮助中国和许多其他国家战胜了饥饿。
“lots of other”后接复数名词，需要使用countries。country是单数，country’s是单数所有格，countries’是复数所有格，数或格不符。
28．句意：偏远地区的村民也能获得足够的食物，他们再也不用担心挨饿了。
此处缺少主语，指代“Villagers”，需用主格they。them是宾格，their是形容词性物主代词，theirs是名词性物主代词，格不符。
29．句意：我们应当向他学习：当我们与艰难困苦抗争时，永远不要放弃。
主语 “we”是复数，此处表示普遍真理，需要使用一般现在时，用动词原形fight。fights是第三人称单数形式，fought是过去式，fighting是现在分词，形式不符。
30．句意：只要我们坚持自己的目标，终有一天我们一定能实现自己的梦想。
根据“As long as we stick to our goals”可知强调通过长期努力达成梦想，achieve常与“dreams”搭配表示实现梦想。make“制作”、finish“完成”、receive“收到”语意不符。
31．C 32．A 33．D 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文介绍了伟大科学家钱学森的生平经历、回国后的科研贡献以及谦逊待人的可贵品质。
【解析】31．根据文章第二段最后一句“He succeeded in coming back to his motherland in 1955.”可知，钱学森于1955年成功回到祖国。
32．根据文章第三段最后一句“On April 24, 1970, China’s first man-made satellite, ‘Dongfanghong-I’was successfully sent into the air.”可知，1970年4月24日中国发射了第一颗人造卫星。
33．根据文章第一段第一句“Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911.”可知他出生于1911年；根据第四段第一句“In 1964, a young man wrote a letter to Qian Xuesen...”可知写信年份为1964年。计算可知1964-1911=53岁。
34．根据第四段语境，钱学森收到指出错误的信后立即回信，并让他写文章关于这个错误，这是一种虚心接受并鼓励对方学术探索的行为。因此“stimulated”在此处意为“鼓励”，与Encouraged同义。
35．全文主要介绍了钱学森的生平、归国经历、在航天领域的贡献以及他的科学态度，核心人物是钱学森。选项C“伟大的科学家钱学森”最能概括全文主旨。
36．A 37．D 38．A 39．C 40．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他领导中国第一艘核潜艇的研制过程、面对困难时的坚持、为国家保密30年不回家的奉献精神，以及他谦逊的品质。
【解析】36．由第一段最后一句“In 1958, when China decided to build its first nuclear submarine”可知，中国于1958年决定建造第一艘核潜艇。
37．由第二段“For national safety, the project was top secret. Huang didn‘t tell anyone, even his family, about his work.”可知，这个项目是高度保密的，连家人都不知道，因此“secret”意为“只有少数人知道的事情”，对应D项。
38．第二段描述了当时中国对核潜艇知之甚少、没有外国专家帮助、缺乏材料和机器等困难，以及黄旭华和团队日夜工作、进行大量实验的过程，说明“建造第一艘核潜艇非常困难”。
39．由第二段“Huang and his team worked day and night”和最后一段“Huang always remained modest... lived a simple life”可知，他努力工作且热爱祖国。
40．全文围绕黄旭华的生平事迹展开，介绍了他领导核潜艇研制的贡献、保密30年的奉献精神和谦逊品质，B项“A Great Scientist: Huang Xuhua”准确概括了文章内容。
41．B 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了杨振宁的生平经历、科研成就以及他心系祖国、推动国内科教发展的相关事迹。
【解析】41．第一段写明：“Yang Chen-Ning passed away on October 18, 2025”以及第二段提到“Born in 1922 in Hefei”，2025 1922=103，因此他去世时103岁。
42．第一段原文：“Tsinghua University wrote about his death and described him as ‘immortal’ for his influence on science and education will last forever”，由此可知称他不朽是因为他对科学与教育的影响永存。
43．第五段原文：“His first visit to China in 1971 encouraged many overseas Chinese researchers to return”，人才归国助力国内发展，可见这次访华对中国科学发展起到作用。
44．事件时间梳理： “receiving a PhD from the University of Chicago in 1948”，1948年在芝加哥大学取得博士学位（d）；“From 1949 to 1966, Yang worked at Princeton’s Institute for Advanced Study”，1949年至1966年在普林斯顿高等研究院工作（a）；“then taught at the State University of New York until 1999”，之后到1999年在纽约州立大学任教（b）；“serving as a visiting professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong since 1986”，1986年起担任香港中文大学客座教授（c）；顺序为d-a-b-c。
45．文章依次介绍杨振宁生平、求学经历、科研成就、工作经历以及爱国贡献，因此本文主要讲述杨振宁的一生与伟大成就。
46．to understand
【解析】句意：理解伟人故事的深刻含义需要时间。根据“It takes us time”提示，此处为“It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.”句型，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。understand的不定式形式是to understand。
47．includes
【解析】句意：这篇文章包括三位著名科学家的传记。空格处在句中作谓语，主语为单数第三人称“This passage”，且此处陈述的是客观事实，需用一般现在时态下的单三形式；“include”为动词，其对应的单三形式为“includes”。
48．researching
【解析】句意：他花费三年时间研究古代伟人的生平。spend time (in) doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，介词in可以省略；research为动词，本空需要用其动名词形式researching，作介词in的宾语。
49．experiencing
【解析】句意：我们喜欢在阅读部分体验不同的语言风格。根据“enjoy”提示，enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，后接动名词作宾语。experience的动名词形式是experiencing。
50．master/to master
【解析】句意：练习听力有助于我们掌握重点句型。固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”。故填master/to master。
51．old-fashioned
【解析】句意：我的爷爷喜欢满是中医典籍记载的老式医书。 修饰名词books需要形容词，根据中文提示 “老式的”，可知“old-fashioned”符合题意，在句中作定语。故填old-fashioned。
52．milestone
【解析】句意：523项目的成功是抗击疟疾道路上一个关键的里程碑。空格前有不定冠词a，此处需要填入单数名词，括号内汉语提示“里程碑”对应的英文单词为milestone。
53．outstanding
【解析】句意：屠呦呦是一位杰出的科学家，她拯救了数百万民众免受疟疾侵害。空格后为名词scientist，此处需要形容词作定语修饰名词，空格前冠词为an，说明该形容词以元音音素开头，括号内中文提示为“杰出的”，满足条件的形容词是outstanding，故填outstanding。
54．judgement
【解析】句意：在了解一个伟人的全部背景之前，不要对他做出快速判断。“判断”用judgement表达，是可数名词，不定冠词a修饰可数名词单数。
55．background
【解析】句意：在做报告之前，你需要了解这位科学家早年的生活背景。background“背景”，可数名词；此处特指这位科学家的生活背景，应用单数名词background。
56．background
【解析】原句中“背景”是关键词；表示“背景”的单词是background，此处为不可数名词。故填background。
57．old-fashioned
【解析】原句中“陈旧”是关键词，old-fashioned表示“陈旧的、老式的”，在句中作表语。
58．biologist founder
【解析】原句中“生物学家”和“提出者”是关键词。第一空表示“生物学家”的名词是biologist，不定冠词a后接单数名词；第二空表示“提出者/创始人”的名词是founder，特指达尔文，应用单数形式。
59．concentrated
【解析】原句中“全身心投入”是核心关键词，对应固定短语be concentrated on，意为“全神贯注于、全身心投入于”，此处填入形容词concentrated，构成so...that...的固定结构。
60．In addition to/Besides
【解析】原句中“除了”为关键词，此处“除了”后的内容是包括在内的，因此表示“除了”的单词或短语为in addition to、besides。空缺处位于句首，因此第一个单词的首字母必须大写。
61．made 62．in 63．as 64．subjects 65．called 66．first 67．them 68．an 69．working 70．twice
【导语】本文介绍了著名科学家居里夫人（Marie Curie）的生平与成就。她出生于波兰，在巴黎大学学习物理和数学，与皮埃尔·居里结婚并共同发现镭。她于1903年成为首位获得诺贝尔奖的女性，丈夫去世后继续从事科学研究，一生中两次获得诺贝尔奖，是人类的英雄。
【解析】61．句意：她为人类的发展做出了许多重要贡献。描述过去的事实（was born提示过去时），make的过去式是made。
62．句意：她于1867年出生在波兰。表示年份前用介词in，in 1867意为“在1867年”。
63．句意：她的父亲担任中学校长，教授数学和物理，所以她在学校里喜欢这些学科，并且学得很好。表示“作为”，用介词as。固定搭配worked as意为“担任……工作”。
64．句意：她的父亲担任中学校长，教授数学和物理，所以她在学校里喜欢这些学科，并且学得很好。subject是可数名词，前面有these修饰，用复数形式subjects。
65．句意：她在那里学习数学和物理，并遇到了一位名叫皮埃尔·居里的科学家。此处用过去分词短语作定语修饰scientist，called意为“名叫……的”。
66．句意：1903年，玛丽成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性。定冠词the后接序数词，表示“第一位”，用序数词first。
67．句意：但玛丽没有被他们接纳，因为那时女性不被允许成为会员。介词by后面接人称代词作宾语时用宾格，they的宾格是them。
68．句意：1906年，皮埃尔在一次事故中去世，但玛丽继续工作，直到1934年去世。accident是以元音音素/ /开头的可数名词单数，表示“一次事故”用不定冠词an。
69．句意：1906年，皮埃尔在一次事故中去世，但玛丽继续工作，直到1934年去世。go on doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，work的动名词是working。
70．句意：她不仅发现了镭，而且在有生之年两次获得了诺贝尔奖。表示“两次”，用two对应的副词形式twice。
71．例文
The hero in my heart is Yuan Longping, China’s most famous “farmer”. Before his research, many people didn’t have enough food. Through his hard work, he developed hybrid rice. The introduction of this product helped farmers produce much more rice.
What makes him a hero is not just his success in science, but also his spirit. He was kind, hardworking, and ready to help others. Even in his old age, he kept working in the fields.
His story encourages me to work hard and never give up.
【解析】［第一步：审题立意］
确定文体：人物介绍类记叙文，以一般过去时为主，描述品质时切换为一般现在时。
明确要点： 选择哪位英雄；该英雄的日常生活；故事或成就； 该英雄体现的精神、能力或影响
确定人称：第一人称（I/my）引出观点，第三人称（he/she）展开介绍。
注意事项：不出现真实校名和地名，词数控制在80左右。
［第二步：构思布局］
三段式结构：
开头段： 直接点明“我心中的英雄是谁”，可用一句话概括其身份或地位。
主体段： 第一层介绍英雄的具体事迹或成就，第二层说明英雄具备的精神品质及为何堪称英雄。
结尾段：总结英雄对自己的影响或启示，升华主题。
［第三步：要点展开］
要点一：介绍人物
例文表达：The hero in my heart is Yuan Longping, China’s most famous “farmer”.
拓展句型：
Among all the heroes, I admire…most.
When it comes to heroes, the first one that comes to my mind is…
…is a real hero in my eyes.
要点二：介绍英雄的事迹与成就
例文表达：Before his research, many people didn’t have enough food. Through his hard work, he developed hybrid rice. The introduction of this new product helped farmers produce much more rice.
拓展词汇：made great contributions to…/succeeded in doing…/devoted his/her life to…/came up with a new way to…
要点三：阐述英雄的品质、精神
例文表达：What makes him a hero is not just his success in science, but also his spirit. He was kind, hardworking, and ready to help others. Even in his old age, he kept working in the fields.
拓展品质类形容词：brave/wise/selfless/responsible/patient/determined/warm-hearted/modest
拓展品质表达句型：He/She is not only…but also…/What impresses me most is his/her…/I admire him/her because he/she always…
行为举例：always thought of others first/spent most of his/her time on…/never complained about…
要点四：总结英雄对自己的影响或启示
例文表达：His story encourages me to work hard and never give up.
拓展句型：
His/Her spirit teaches me the importance of…
I hope I can be a person like him/her one day.
This hero sets a good example for all of us.
Whenever I feel tired, I think of him/her and get strength.
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