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开学检测卷 （山东淄博专用）2026-2027学年鲁教版（五四制）九年级英语上册 解析卷
满分90分 考试时长100分钟
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Chinese calligraphy, an important part of traditional Chinese culture, has a history of more than 3,000 years. It started in China and spread to other parts of Asia along with Chinese culture. It’s the art of writing Chinese characters and rules of writing with a brush. So, when you practise calligraphy, it’s important to pay attention to the changes of the strokes and the spaces between characters.
There were many famous calligraphers in history. Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing are among the most famous ones. People can even tell their feelings and personalities from their works. Today, we can see their calligraphy works on the walls of offices, shops, hotels and many other places.
The tool for practising calligraphy is calligraphy brushes. They are usually made of the hair of different animals. Practising calligraphy takes a lot of time, and many people need to take lessons to learn it. During the lessons, they can learn how to write different strokes of Chinese characters. If you’re interested in it, you may start practising with a teacher right away.
Calligraphy, an amazing traditional art form, shows the love that all Chinese people have for culture and beauty. Lots of Chinese people, old and young, practise calligraphy often. They don’t do it to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind.
1．What is the tool for practising calligraphy made of
A．Metal and wood. B．Special paper and ink.
C．Different kinds of plastic. D．The hair of different animals.
2．Why do lots of Chinese people practise calligraphy often
A．To enjoy the peaceful mind. B．To teach others how to write.
C．To become famous calligraphers. D．To win different kinds of prizes.
3．What is the best title for the passage
A．Famous Chinese calligraphers B．The history of Chinese calligraphy
C．How to practise Chinese calligraphy D．Chinese calligraphy: a traditional art form
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文介绍了中国书法这一传统文化，讲述它的悠久历史、书写要点，列举古代著名书法家，讲解书写工具，说明练习书法的方式以及书法带给人们的精神价值。
【详解】1．根据第三段第一、二句“The tool for practising calligraphy is calligraphy brushes. They are usually made of the hair of different animals.”可知，练习书法的工具毛笔通常是由“不同动物的毛发”制成的。
2．根据最后一段“Lots of Chinese people, old and young, practise calligraphy often. They don’t do it to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind.”可知，很多中国人练习书法不是为了成为书法家，而是为了“享受平静的心境”。
3．文章开篇指出中国书法是中国传统文化的重要部分，接着介绍了书法的历史、著名书法家、练习工具以及中国人练习书法的目的等内容，整体围绕中国书法这一传统艺术形式展开。D项“Chinese calligraphy: a traditional art form (中国书法：一种传统艺术形式)”最适合作为标题。
B
①Imagine a hit short video：You travel back to the 1940s and experience your grandparents' fight with hunger.When you return to the present，you find your body has changed.This may sound like sci﹣fi，yet epigenetics （表观遗传学） raises the same question：Can the past really leave a mark on you？
②For years，we believed inheritance （遗传） was all about DNA．Your parents pass down genes （基因） that decide your eye color or height.But epigenetics suggests that life experiences — like stress or poor diet — can also affect how your genes work，without changing the DNA itself.However，it should be noted that your memories cannot be passed down through this way.
③How does this process work？Think of your DNA as a huge instruction book for your body.Life experiences add special chemical "bookmarks" to it.These bookmarks don't rewrite the words，but they tell your body which pages to read and which to skip.This process is called Gene Expression （基因表达）.In short，a gene can be "on" or "off".
④Mice experiments can prove it.In a famous study，scientists trained mice to fear a cherry﹣blossom smell with a slight electric shock （电击）.Surprisingly，their children and even grandchildren were also afraid of that same smell，though they never received any shocks.
⑤ ▲ Take the WWII Dutch Hunger Winter as an example.Researchers found people with famine﹣surviving （熬过饥荒的） grandparents had physical changes and higher risks of weight and metabolic （新陈代谢） illnesses.This shows past environments can affect bodies for a long time.
⑥Many questions about epigenetics remain unsolved.However，studies tell us one surprising fact：we cannot really travel through time，but the effects of past lives pass down through families and change our bodies.That reminds us to pay attention to our daily lifestyles right away.
⑦These studies also show our daily habits will influence our children and grandchildren.The most magical "time travel" lies inside us：we carry tiny pieces of our ancestors' （祖先） pasts throughout our whole lives.If we keep healthy habits now，we will leave good epigenetic marks for later family members.So we should start with small healthy habits today for the long﹣term health of our family.
4 Why does the writer begin the passage with a "hit short video" scene？　 　
A.To show people can really travel back to the past.
B.To attract readers and lead into the topic of epigenetics.
C.To explain how sci﹣fi stories come from scientific research.
D.To show that grandparents can pass down their memories to us.
5 According to the passage what can we inherit from our ancestors？　 　
A.①②③
B.②③④
C.①③④
D.①②④
6 What can be put in the ▲ ？ 　
A.The Dutch Hunger Winter was long ago.
B.Mice and humans have very different DNA．
C.Scientists have found similar changes in humans.
D.People in World War II had weight problems.
7 Which of the following can be put in the fourth box of the structure？　 　
A.More Scientific Discoveries
B.Predictions of Epigenetics
C.Unsolved Mysteries of Epigenetics
D.Suggestions for Humans
【分析】本文主要介绍了表观遗传学（epigenetics）的概念。文章通过一个短视频的假设场景引入话题，解释了生活经历如何通过化学"书签"影响基因表达而不改变DNA本身，并列举了小鼠实验和二战荷兰饥荒的例子来证明这种影响可以跨代传递。最后，文章建议人们保持健康的生活习惯，为后代留下良好的表观遗传标记。
【解答】4 推理判断题。根据文章第一段"Imagine a hit short video（想象一个爆款短视频）"开头，描述了一个穿越回过去体验祖辈饥饿的场景，随即指出"yet epigenetics raises the same question（然而，表观遗传学提出了同样的问题）"，从而引出文章的主题——表观遗传学。这种开头方式旨在吸引读者兴趣并自然过渡到科学话题。故选B。
5 细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Your parents pass down genes that decide your eye color or height.（你的父母会遗传决定你眼色或身高的基因。）"可知，眼睛颜色（图①）和DNA（图②）是可以遗传的；根据第二段最后一句"your memories cannot be passed down（你的记忆无法被传承下去）"可知，记忆（图③）是不能遗传的；根据第五段Take the WWII Dutch Hunger Winter as an example.Researchers found people with famine﹣surviving （熬过饥荒的） grandparents had physical changes and higher risks of weight and metabolic （新陈代谢） illnesses.（以二战期间的荷兰饥荒冬季为例，研究人员发现，那些祖辈经历过饥荒的人在身体上出现了变化，并且患体重和代谢性疾病的风险更高。）可知，祖辈经历饥荒导致的身体代谢及体重变化风险（图④）是可以遗传的。因此①②④正确。故选D。
6 推理判断题。根据第四段Mice experiments can prove it.In a famous study，scientists trained mice to fear a cherry﹣blossom smell with a slight electric shock （电击）.Surprisingly，their children and even grandchildren were also afraid of that same smell，though they never received any shocks.（老鼠实验可以证明这一点。在一项著名的研究中，科学家通过轻微的电击训练老鼠对樱桃花香产生恐惧。令人惊讶的是，它们的子女甚至孙辈也对同样的气味感到害怕，尽管他们从未接受过任何电击。）以及第五段Take the WWII Dutch Hunger Winter as an example.Researchers found people with famine﹣surviving （熬过饥荒的） grandparents had physical changes and higher risks of weight and metabolic （新陈代谢） illnesses.（以二战期间的荷兰饥荒冬季为例，研究人员发现，那些祖辈经历过饥荒的人在身体上出现了变化，并且患体重和代谢性疾病的风险更高。）可知，第四段讲述了在老鼠（mice）身上进行的表观遗传学实验，第五段空白处后紧接着以"二战荷兰饥饿之冬"为例，讲述了人类祖辈的饥荒经历对后代身体的影响。因此，空白处应起到承上启下的作用，指出科学家在人类身上也发现了类似的变化，选项C"Scientists have found similar changes in humans.（科学家们在人类身上发现了类似的改变。）"符合语境。故选C。
7 推理判断题。结构图的第四个方框对应文章的第⑥⑦段。这两段主要讲述了表观遗传学的研究结果给我们的启示："reminds us to pay attention to our daily lifestyles right away"（提醒我们立即关注日常的生活方式）以及"we should start with small healthy habits today"（我们今天应该从小的健康习惯开始）。这部分内容主要是基于科学发现给人类提出的健康建议（Suggestions for Humans）。故选D。
C
We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history.
The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying (伴奏) instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo (独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is Erquan Yingyue.
As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally (口头地), there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals (壁画).
8．When did the erhu become a popular instrument
A．In the Song Dynasty. B．In the Ming Dynasty.
C．In recent years. D．In the Tang Dynasty.
9．To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ________.
A．get help from ancient paintings B．play the most famous erhu pieces
C．listen to different kinds of folk music D．read some books about ethnic minorities
10．Which is TRUE according to the passage
A．The huqin belongs to the erhu family. B．Folk art stops the development of the erhu.
C．The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now. D．People can find plenty of written records about the erhu.
11．What’s the best title for the passage
A．The Forms of Folk Music B．The Development of Chinese Instruments
C．The Rise of Different Dynasties D．The History of the Erhu
【答案】8．A 9．A 10．C 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了二胡的起源、发展历程以及现状。
【详解】8．根据第二段“In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument.”可知，在宋朝二胡成为一种相当流行的乐器。
9．根据第三段“To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians usually turn to ancient paintings.”可知，历史学家研究二胡的历史通常参考古画。
10．根据第二段“At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music,”可知，如今二胡既用于传统音乐也用于现代音乐，C选项匹配。
11．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了二胡的起源、发展历程以及现状，是围绕二胡的历史展开，因此最佳标题是二胡的历史。
D
Different Leisure Activities: Past and Now
As society develops, people’s ways to relax have changed a lot. In the past, most people didn’t have much money. Their leisure activities were simple and cheap. They watched open-air movies in the village square after dinner. Old men played Chinese chess together under big trees. For traveling, people could only hang out near their houses—walking to nearby parks for picnics or boating. Few people could take trains to faraway cities.
Now people have more choices for free time. Many families own cars, so they can take road trips on weekends. They fly to other cities or even foreign countries for holidays. Young people love surfing the Internet, watching movies in modern cinemas or joining sports clubs. They also chat and play games online with friends.
Some people think today’s leisure activities are too busy and noisy. Others say the colorful activities make life wonderful. No matter what opinions people have, the changes show our country is getting stronger and richer.
12．What was popular for people to watch in the past
A．Online videos. B．Open-air movies. C．Cinema films. D．TV shows.
13．In the old days, people traveled ________.
A．to foreign countries. B．to faraway cities. C．only near their homes D．by plane
14．Which is NOT people’s present leisure activity
A．Road trips by car. B．Playing chess outdoors every day.
C．Surfing the Internet. D．Traveling abroad.
15．What can we learn from the text
A．All people hate today’s leisure life.
B．People have fewer ways to relax now.
C．The changes show our country develops well.
D．Everyone thinks new activities are great.
【答案】12．B 13．C 14．B 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，对比了过去与现在人们休闲活动的变化，并指出这些变化反映了国家的发展。
【详解】12．根据第一段“They watched open-air movies in the village square after dinner.”可知，过去人们流行看露天电影。
13．根据第一段“For traveling, people could only hang out near their houses...”可知，过去人们旅行只在家附近。
14．根据第一段“Old men played Chinese chess together under big trees.”可知户外下棋是过去的活动；第二段列举的现代活动包括开车旅行、上网、出国旅游等，未提及每天户外下棋。
15．根据最后一段“...the changes show our country is getting stronger and richer.”可知，变化显示国家发展良好。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Do you know how to make a good first impression The following tips may help you.
First of all, dress properly. If you are in a formal situation, such as a job interview or an important meeting, it’s better to dress formally. 16 For example, if you are going on a picnic or hanging out with friends, you can choose casual clothes like T-shirts and jeans.
Secondly, smile and make eye contact (眼神交流). 17 Making eye contact for a few seconds from time to time is enough. When you talk to others, look them in the eyes. It shows that you are listening carefully and respect them.
Then, use good body language. Stand up straight and don’t slouch (低头垂肩地站). 18 Also, keep a proper distance when you communicate with others. Standing too close may make them feel uncomfortable.
19 Use words like “please”, “thank you” and “excuse me” frequently. Small acts of kindness can also leave a good impression. For example, hold the door open for others or offer your seat to someone who needs it.
Finally, show your interests. When you meet new people, try to find common interests. It can break the ice and make the conversation go well. 20
Remember, making a good first impression takes time and practice. But if you follow these tips, you will surely succeed.
A．It gives others a good feeling.
B．Another important thing is to be polite.
C．It can help you get the job you like easily.
D．A warm smile can make you seem friendly.
E．This will help you build a good relationship with them.
F．But if it’s an informal occasion, you can dress more casually.
【答案】16．F 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．E
【导语】本文主要介绍了几条能帮人们留下良好第一印象的实用技巧。
【详解】16．前文说明面试、重要会议这类正式场合要穿正装，后文举例野餐、和朋友聚会可穿休闲衣物，F选项“But if it’s an informal occasion, you can dress more casually.”形成对比，衔接前后两种场合的穿搭要求。
17．本段主题是微笑与眼神交流，D选项“A warm smile can make you seem friendly.”承接开头的smile，解释微笑带来的积极效果，引出下文眼神交流的内容。
18．前文建议站直、不要弯腰驼背，A选项“It gives others a good feeling.”里的It指代端正的体态，说明得体肢体语言带来的好感受，承接上文建议。
19．后文介绍多说礼貌用语、主动帮扶他人等友善行为，B选项“Another important thing is to be polite.”总起整段，引出后文所有礼貌相关做法。
20． 前文说结识新人时寻找共同爱好能打破冷场、顺畅聊天，E选项“This will help you build a good relationship with them.”中的This指代找到共同兴趣，点明该做法带来的长远好处。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Chen Wei is a 16-year-old student from Nanjing. He has always been 21 by the words of Liang Qichao in “The Young China”. He believes that young people should 22 the responsibility for their country.
Last year, Chen Wei 23 a volunteer group called “Youth Action” with his classmates. The group’s 24 is to help left-behind children in rural areas. They visit villages every month, 25 books and school supplies. They also give free lessons to the children.
“If we are 26 , China will be strong,” Chen Wei often says. He thinks that every small action can 27 a difference. His group has already helped over 100 children 28 better education.
Chen Wei’s story shows that young people can 29 history. “We are not too young to 30 ,” he says. “The future is in our hands.”
21．A．inspired B．frightened C．worried D．bored
22．A．take off B．take on C．take out D．take away
23．A．started B．stopped C．forgot D．refused
24．A．problem B．question C．duty D．dream
25．A．buying B．bringing C．making D．borrowing
26．A．smart B．strong C．wealthy D．independent
27．A．have B．take C．make D．get
28．A．accept B．receive C．refuse D．find
29．A．read B．write C．study D．make
30．A．play B．work C．act D．rest
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．B 27．C 28．B 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文讲述了南京学生陈伟受梁启超名言鼓舞，创办志愿者团体帮助留守儿童，展现青年担当与爱国情怀的故事。
【详解】21．句意：他一直受梁启超在《少年中国说》中话语的鼓舞。
根据“He believes that young people should...responsibility for their country”可知，他是受到积极影响，inspired符合语境。其他选项情感色彩消极。
22．句意：他认为年轻人应该承担国家的责任。
搭配“the responsibility”，此处指承担责任，take on“承担（责任、工作、重担）”为正确搭配。其他选项与责任搭配不当。
23．句意：去年，陈伟和同学创办了一个名为“青年行动”的志愿者团体。
根据“a volunteer group”及后文帮助儿童的行为可知，是创办了团体，started符合语境。其他选项逻辑不通。
24．句意：该团体的职责是帮助农村地区的留守儿童。
根据前文“responsibility”及志愿者性质可知，帮助儿童是他们的职责，duty符合语境。其他选项不符合团体目标描述。
25．句意：他们每月拜访村庄，带来书籍和学习用品。
根据“visit villages”可知，他们是去送物资，给村庄“带来”书籍和学习用品。bringing符合语境。其他选项不符合志愿者捐赠行为。
26．句意：陈伟常说：“如果我们强，中国将强。”
根据梁启超名言“少年强则国强”可知，此处指年轻人强大。
27．句意：他认为每个小行动都能产生影响。
根据“a difference”可知，考查搭配make a difference，意为“起作用/产生影响”。其他选项无法构成该搭配。
28．句意：他的团体已经帮助了100多名儿童接受更好的教育。
宾语是education，accept侧重主观意愿，receive客观收到、得到；孩子客观上得到教育资源，所以用receive better education。
29．句意：陈伟的故事表明，年轻人可以书写历史。
根据“Chen Wei’s story”及创造未来的语境，write history意为“书写历史”，指青年用行动创造、谱写历史。
30．句意：他说：“我们不会因为太年轻而无法行动。”
根据全文主题及团体名“Youth Action”可知，全文讲青年志愿行动，act贴合全文主题。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever returned from a holiday feeling more tired than before You might have been trying to see too many sights in too 31 (little) time. Recently, a new trend called “slow travel” 32 (become) popular, especially among young people.
Instead of rushing from one famous landmark to 33 next with a checklist, slow travelers choose to stay in one place longer. They might rent an apartment in a small town for a week, shop at local markets, cook their own meals, and truly live like a local. The goal is connection 34 competition—to connect with the local culture, nature, and people deeply.
This kind of travel 35 (be) not only more relaxing but also more sustainable (可持续的). It often involves walking, cycling, or using public transport, 36 reduces carbon emissions. Also, spending money in local shops directly helps the community.
For many, slow travel is a mindset. It’s about 37 (appreciate) the journey itself—the smell of rain on a quiet street, a long conversation with a cafe owner, or the simple joy of 38 (get) lost and finding your way back. It reminds us that the best experiences often can’t 39 (find) on a busy tourist map.
So next time you plan a trip, consider slowing down. You might discover that 40 (much) you rush, the less you actually see and feel.
【答案】
31．little 32．has become 33．the 34．not 35．is 36．which 37．appreciating 38．getting 39．be found 40．the more
【导语】本文先指出传统走马观花式旅行会让人更疲惫，引出当下流行的“慢旅行”；介绍慢旅行的出行方式：长时间停留一地、体验本地生活；阐述慢旅行的两大优势——身心放松、低碳环保助力当地发展；最后点明慢旅行是一种生活心态，告诉读者赶路越匆忙，收获越少。
【详解】31．句意：你或许是想在极短的时间内游览太多景点。too little time“太少的时间”，time不可数，用little修饰。
32．句意：最近，一种名为“慢旅行”的新风潮流行开来。recently“最近”是现在完成时标志，主语a new trend为单数，用has become。
33．句意：打卡游客会拿着游玩清单，急匆匆从一处名胜赶去下一处；而慢旅行爱好者会选择在一个地方久待。固定搭配：from one...to the next“从一个……到下一个”，the next特指“紧挨着的下一个(景点)”，需用定冠词the。
34．句意：慢旅行的核心是沉浸式感受，而非比拼打卡数量——深度融入当地文化、自然风光与本地人。此处指慢旅行重在感受人文联结，而不是比拼打卡数量，not表否定，意为“而非、而不是”。
35．句意：这种旅行方式不仅更放松，也更环保低碳。主语this kind of travel为单数，全文介绍客观现象用一般现在时，be动词用is。
36．句意：出行大多步行、骑行或是乘坐公共交通，以此减少碳排放。此处为非限制性定语从句，逗号后指代前面整件事(步行、骑行、乘坐公交)，指代事物用关系代词which。
37．句意：它重在欣赏旅途本身：雨后安静街道的气息、和咖啡馆店主的长谈，或是迷路后重新找回路线的简单快乐。about是介词，后面动词要变成动名词形式，appreciate的动名词形式为appreciating。
38．句意：它重在欣赏旅途本身：雨后安静街道的气息、和咖啡馆店主的长谈，或是迷路后重新找回路线的简单快乐。of是介词，动词用动名词；get的动名词形式为getting。
39．句意：它提醒我们，最美好的体验，往往不会出现在密密麻麻的旅游打卡地图上。主语experiences和find是被动关系：体验被找到，情态动词对应的被动语态为be found。
40．句意：你会发现，越是赶路匆忙，能真正看见、感受到的东西反而越少。此处为固定句型：the+比较级，the+比较级，much的比较级为more，此处需填the more。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；满分10分）
阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。
Yu Min was an important Chinese nuclear physicist (核物理学家) and was honored as “the father of Chinese Hydrogen Bomb (氢弹)”.
Yu Min was born in Tianjin in 1926. When he was in high school, he was an excellent student. Later, he studied at Peking University. In 1951, he became a scientist and began to study nuclear physics. In 1961, when Yu was given the work of researching the hydrogen bomb, he accepted it without thinking twice. For the next 28 years, his work remained secret (秘密的) and stayed hidden from the public. Even his family didn’t know his work.
To develop China’s own hydrogen bomb quickly, Yu worked day and night. He guided his team to create a complete design after three months of hard work. After working in hard environments for years, his body became weak. But he never gave up. On October 16, 1964, China’s first atomic bomb exploded (原子弹爆炸) successfully. Later, on June 17, 1967, China’s first hydrogen bomb exploded, making China the fastest country to go from atomic to hydrogen bombs, much quicker than the USA (7 years), France (8.5 years) or the UK (4.5 years).
Yu came back to public view in 1999, receiving the “Two Bombs, One Satellite” Merit Award for his work, together with some other scientists such as Sun Jiadong, Qian Sanqiang, Qian Xuesen and Deng Jiaxian. In 2015, Yu Min won the National Science and Technology Award. In January 2019, Yu Min died, leaving his deep love for the country.
41．Where was Yu Min born
42．How long did Yu Min keep his work a secret
43．When did China’s first atomic bomb explode
44．Which country was the fastest to go from atomic to hydrogen bombs
45．What can you learn from Yu Min
【答案】41．He was born in Tianjin. 42．For 28 years. 43．On October 16, 1964. 44．China was the fastest. 45．Love for the country. He kept his important job a secret for 28 years and tried his best to finish it well. （答案不唯一，合理即可）
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了“中国氢弹之父”于敏的生平经历，讲述他隐姓埋名28年潜心研发氢弹、克服艰苦条件完成科研突破并斩获多项荣誉，一生为国奉献的感人事迹。
【详解】41．根据第二段第一句“Yu Min was born in Tianjin in 1926.”可知原文已经给出了“出生地”信息是天津，直接提取。
42．根据第二段“For the next 28 years, his work remained secret and stayed hidden from the public.” 原文明确给出保密时长28年，直接提取。
43．根据第三段“On October 16, 1964, China’s first atomic bomb exploded successfully.” 可知原文已经给出了具体的时间信息，直接提取。
44．根据第三段“…making China the fastest country to go from atomic to hydrogen bombs…”原文点明是中国的速度最快。因此答案就是原文直接信息。
45．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，根据原文提炼品质，比如“隐姓埋名28年、日夜奋战、艰苦环境不放弃、为国奉献”，总结出“坚持不懈、无私奉献、热爱祖国、刻苦钻研”等精神，写出自己的观点，合理作答即可。
第二节（满分20分）
46．时光荏苒，转眼同学们已经步入九年级。经过两年的初中生活，相信你在外貌、性格、学习、爱好等方面有了很大的变化。下周班会上，你班将组织主题为“Great changes in my life”的英语演讲活动。假设你是李华，请根据以下提示写一篇英语发言稿。
内容提示：What are your changes
Which change is the most important one, why
注意：(1) 文中不得透露个人真实信息；
(2) 词数80左右；字迹工整，语法正确，意思连贯，可适当发挥。
(3) 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Great changes in my life
My life has changed a lot in the past two years.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
例文
My life has changed a lot in the past two years.
I used to be shy and weak. Now I am taller and more outgoing. I study harder than before. Among all the changes, the most important one is my learning habit. I used to depend on parents, but now I can plan my study time wisely.
This change makes me confident and helps me get better grades. I believe these changes will lead me to a bright future.
Thank you for listening.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：演讲稿，以一般过去时和一般现在时为主
明确要点：需包含变化内容、最大变化、原因。
确定人称：第一人称
注意事项：词数80左右
[第二步：构思布局]
四段式结构：
开头段：开门见山说明生活中发生了很多变化
主体段一：具体描述变化，突出最大变化并说明原因
主体段二：表达对未来继续进步的期待
结尾段：致谢
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：今昔对比
过去性格：be shy and weak./be short and shy等
现在性格、外貌：taller and more outgoing./stronger and more confident等
学习对比：study harder than before./make more progress in study等
要点二：最大变化
变化：can plan my study time wisely./become brave enough to put up my hand and answer questions in class.等
要点三：原因
呈现原因：makes me confident and helps me get better grades/pushes me to focus more on lessons and make progress little by little.等
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页开学检测卷 （山东淄博专用）2026-2027学年鲁教版（五四制）九年级英语上册
满分90分 考试时长100分钟
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Chinese calligraphy, an important part of traditional Chinese culture, has a history of more than 3,000 years. It started in China and spread to other parts of Asia along with Chinese culture. It’s the art of writing Chinese characters and rules of writing with a brush. So, when you practise calligraphy, it’s important to pay attention to the changes of the strokes and the spaces between characters.
There were many famous calligraphers in history. Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing are among the most famous ones. People can even tell their feelings and personalities from their works. Today, we can see their calligraphy works on the walls of offices, shops, hotels and many other places.
The tool for practising calligraphy is calligraphy brushes. They are usually made of the hair of different animals. Practising calligraphy takes a lot of time, and many people need to take lessons to learn it. During the lessons, they can learn how to write different strokes of Chinese characters. If you’re interested in it, you may start practising with a teacher right away.
Calligraphy, an amazing traditional art form, shows the love that all Chinese people have for culture and beauty. Lots of Chinese people, old and young, practise calligraphy often. They don’t do it to be a calligrapher, but to enjoy the peaceful mind.
1．What is the tool for practising calligraphy made of
A．Metal and wood. B．Special paper and ink.
C．Different kinds of plastic. D．The hair of different animals.
2．Why do lots of Chinese people practise calligraphy often
A．To enjoy the peaceful mind. B．To teach others how to write.
C．To become famous calligraphers. D．To win different kinds of prizes.
3．What is the best title for the passage
A．Famous Chinese calligraphers B．The history of Chinese calligraphy
C．How to practise Chinese calligraphy D．Chinese calligraphy: a traditional art form
B
①Imagine a hit short video：You travel back to the 1940s and experience your grandparents' fight with hunger.When you return to the present，you find your body has changed.This may sound like sci﹣fi，yet epigenetics （表观遗传学） raises the same question：Can the past really leave a mark on you？
②For years，we believed inheritance （遗传） was all about DNA．Your parents pass down genes （基因） that decide your eye color or height.But epigenetics suggests that life experiences — like stress or poor diet — can also affect how your genes work，without changing the DNA itself.However，it should be noted that your memories cannot be passed down through this way.
③How does this process work？Think of your DNA as a huge instruction book for your body.Life experiences add special chemical "bookmarks" to it.These bookmarks don't rewrite the words，but they tell your body which pages to read and which to skip.This process is called Gene Expression （基因表达）.In short，a gene can be "on" or "off".
④Mice experiments can prove it.In a famous study，scientists trained mice to fear a cherry﹣blossom smell with a slight electric shock （电击）.Surprisingly，their children and even grandchildren were also afraid of that same smell，though they never received any shocks.
⑤ ▲ Take the WWII Dutch Hunger Winter as an example.Researchers found people with famine﹣surviving （熬过饥荒的） grandparents had physical changes and higher risks of weight and metabolic （新陈代谢） illnesses.This shows past environments can affect bodies for a long time.
⑥Many questions about epigenetics remain unsolved.However，studies tell us one surprising fact：we cannot really travel through time，but the effects of past lives pass down through families and change our bodies.That reminds us to pay attention to our daily lifestyles right away.
⑦These studies also show our daily habits will influence our children and grandchildren.The most magical "time travel" lies inside us：we carry tiny pieces of our ancestors' （祖先） pasts throughout our whole lives.If we keep healthy habits now，we will leave good epigenetic marks for later family members.So we should start with small healthy habits today for the long﹣term health of our family.
4 Why does the writer begin the passage with a "hit short video" scene？　 　
A.To show people can really travel back to the past.
B.To attract readers and lead into the topic of epigenetics.
C.To explain how sci﹣fi stories come from scientific research.
D.To show that grandparents can pass down their memories to us.
5 According to the passage what can we inherit from our ancestors？　 　
A.①②③
B.②③④
C.①③④
D.①②④
6 What can be put in the ▲ ？ 　
A.The Dutch Hunger Winter was long ago.
B.Mice and humans have very different DNA．
C.Scientists have found similar changes in humans.
D.People in World War II had weight problems.
7 Which of the following can be put in the fourth box of the structure？　 　
A.More Scientific Discoveries
B.Predictions of Epigenetics
C.Unsolved Mysteries of Epigenetics
D.Suggestions for Humans
C
We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history.
The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying (伴奏) instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo (独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is Erquan Yingyue.
As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally (口头地), there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals (壁画).
8．When did the erhu become a popular instrument
A．In the Song Dynasty. B．In the Ming Dynasty.
C．In recent years. D．In the Tang Dynasty.
9．To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ________.
A．get help from ancient paintings B．play the most famous erhu pieces
C．listen to different kinds of folk music D．read some books about ethnic minorities
10．Which is TRUE according to the passage
A．The huqin belongs to the erhu family. B．Folk art stops the development of the erhu.
C．The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now. D．People can find plenty of written records about the erhu.
11．What’s the best title for the passage
A．The Forms of Folk Music B．The Development of Chinese Instruments
C．The Rise of Different Dynasties D．The History of the Erhu
D
Different Leisure Activities: Past and Now
As society develops, people’s ways to relax have changed a lot. In the past, most people didn’t have much money. Their leisure activities were simple and cheap. They watched open-air movies in the village square after dinner. Old men played Chinese chess together under big trees. For traveling, people could only hang out near their houses—walking to nearby parks for picnics or boating. Few people could take trains to faraway cities.
Now people have more choices for free time. Many families own cars, so they can take road trips on weekends. They fly to other cities or even foreign countries for holidays. Young people love surfing the Internet, watching movies in modern cinemas or joining sports clubs. They also chat and play games online with friends.
Some people think today’s leisure activities are too busy and noisy. Others say the colorful activities make life wonderful. No matter what opinions people have, the changes show our country is getting stronger and richer.
12．What was popular for people to watch in the past
A．Online videos. B．Open-air movies. C．Cinema films. D．TV shows.
13．In the old days, people traveled ________.
A．to foreign countries. B．to faraway cities. C．only near their homes D．by plane
14．Which is NOT people’s present leisure activity
A．Road trips by car. B．Playing chess outdoors every day.
C．Surfing the Internet. D．Traveling abroad.
15．What can we learn from the text
A．All people hate today’s leisure life.
B．People have fewer ways to relax now.
C．The changes show our country develops well.
D．Everyone thinks new activities are great.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Do you know how to make a good first impression The following tips may help you.
First of all, dress properly. If you are in a formal situation, such as a job interview or an important meeting, it’s better to dress formally. 16 For example, if you are going on a picnic or hanging out with friends, you can choose casual clothes like T-shirts and jeans.
Secondly, smile and make eye contact (眼神交流). 17 Making eye contact for a few seconds from time to time is enough. When you talk to others, look them in the eyes. It shows that you are listening carefully and respect them.
Then, use good body language. Stand up straight and don’t slouch (低头垂肩地站). 18 Also, keep a proper distance when you communicate with others. Standing too close may make them feel uncomfortable.
19 Use words like “please”, “thank you” and “excuse me” frequently. Small acts of kindness can also leave a good impression. For example, hold the door open for others or offer your seat to someone who needs it.
Finally, show your interests. When you meet new people, try to find common interests. It can break the ice and make the conversation go well. 20
Remember, making a good first impression takes time and practice. But if you follow these tips, you will surely succeed.
A．It gives others a good feeling.
B．Another important thing is to be polite.
C．It can help you get the job you like easily.
D．A warm smile can make you seem friendly.
E．This will help you build a good relationship with them.
F．But if it’s an informal occasion, you can dress more casually.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Chen Wei is a 16-year-old student from Nanjing. He has always been 21 by the words of Liang Qichao in “The Young China”. He believes that young people should 22 the responsibility for their country.
Last year, Chen Wei 23 a volunteer group called “Youth Action” with his classmates. The group’s 24 is to help left-behind children in rural areas. They visit villages every month, 25 books and school supplies. They also give free lessons to the children.
“If we are 26 , China will be strong,” Chen Wei often says. He thinks that every small action can 27 a difference. His group has already helped over 100 children 28 better education.
Chen Wei’s story shows that young people can 29 history. “We are not too young to 30 ,” he says. “The future is in our hands.”
21．A．inspired B．frightened C．worried D．bored
22．A．take off B．take on C．take out D．take away
23．A．started B．stopped C．forgot D．refused
24．A．problem B．question C．duty D．dream
25．A．buying B．bringing C．making D．borrowing
26．A．smart B．strong C．wealthy D．independent
27．A．have B．take C．make D．get
28．A．accept B．receive C．refuse D．find
29．A．read B．write C．study D．make
30．A．play B．work C．act D．rest
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever returned from a holiday feeling more tired than before You might have been trying to see too many sights in too 31 (little) time. Recently, a new trend called “slow travel” 32 (become) popular, especially among young people.
Instead of rushing from one famous landmark to 33 next with a checklist, slow travelers choose to stay in one place longer. They might rent an apartment in a small town for a week, shop at local markets, cook their own meals, and truly live like a local. The goal is connection 34 competition—to connect with the local culture, nature, and people deeply.
This kind of travel 35 (be) not only more relaxing but also more sustainable (可持续的). It often involves walking, cycling, or using public transport, 36 reduces carbon emissions. Also, spending money in local shops directly helps the community.
For many, slow travel is a mindset. It’s about 37 (appreciate) the journey itself—the smell of rain on a quiet street, a long conversation with a cafe owner, or the simple joy of 38 (get) lost and finding your way back. It reminds us that the best experiences often can’t 39 (find) on a busy tourist map.
So next time you plan a trip, consider slowing down. You might discover that 40 (much) you rush, the less you actually see and feel.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；满分10分）
阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。
Yu Min was an important Chinese nuclear physicist (核物理学家) and was honored as “the father of Chinese Hydrogen Bomb (氢弹)”.
Yu Min was born in Tianjin in 1926. When he was in high school, he was an excellent student. Later, he studied at Peking University. In 1951, he became a scientist and began to study nuclear physics. In 1961, when Yu was given the work of researching the hydrogen bomb, he accepted it without thinking twice. For the next 28 years, his work remained secret (秘密的) and stayed hidden from the public. Even his family didn’t know his work.
To develop China’s own hydrogen bomb quickly, Yu worked day and night. He guided his team to create a complete design after three months of hard work. After working in hard environments for years, his body became weak. But he never gave up. On October 16, 1964, China’s first atomic bomb exploded (原子弹爆炸) successfully. Later, on June 17, 1967, China’s first hydrogen bomb exploded, making China the fastest country to go from atomic to hydrogen bombs, much quicker than the USA (7 years), France (8.5 years) or the UK (4.5 years).
Yu came back to public view in 1999, receiving the “Two Bombs, One Satellite” Merit Award for his work, together with some other scientists such as Sun Jiadong, Qian Sanqiang, Qian Xuesen and Deng Jiaxian. In 2015, Yu Min won the National Science and Technology Award. In January 2019, Yu Min died, leaving his deep love for the country.
41．Where was Yu Min born
42．How long did Yu Min keep his work a secret
43．When did China’s first atomic bomb explode
44．Which country was the fastest to go from atomic to hydrogen bombs
45．What can you learn from Yu Min
第二节（满分20分）
46．时光荏苒，转眼同学们已经步入九年级。经过两年的初中生活，相信你在外貌、性格、学习、爱好等方面有了很大的变化。下周班会上，你班将组织主题为“Great changes in my life”的英语演讲活动。假设你是李华，请根据以下提示写一篇英语发言稿。
内容提示：What are your changes
Which change is the most important one, why
注意：(1) 文中不得透露个人真实信息；
(2) 词数80左右；字迹工整，语法正确，意思连贯，可适当发挥。
(3) 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Great changes in my life
My life has changed a lot in the past two years.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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