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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2026 - 2027学年八年级英语上册单元综合素养培优卷沪教版（五四学制）（新教材）Unit 1 Water
注意事项
1. 全卷满分120分。考试时间120分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在指定区域，答在非答题区无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：60分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．The book was so ________ that I couldn’t finish reading it.
A．boring B．bored C．interesting D．interested
2．—How long will the English party last
—It will go on ________ 9:30 p.m. Then we have to clean the classroom.
A．until B．during C．from D．at
3．—I think Paul really enjoys working with others.
— ________ . That’s why he always happily joins every team activity.
A．I will B．I see C．I hope not D．I feel troubled
4．—I think the cheetah is the most beautiful animal in the world.
—________ The cheetah also runs the fastest.
A．Can’t agree more. B．That’s OK. C．Our pleasure. D．I disagree.
5．—Let’s make tomato and beef noodles.
—________.
A．Sounds good B．You’re welcome C．That’s right D．Don’t worry
6．Learning how to plan our time is a (n) ________ skill we need in life.
A．modern B．enjoyable C．useful D．comfortable
7．The ________ is very serious in this area.
A．pollution B．pollute C．polluter D．polluting
8．—Our community is going to organize a clean-up activity this Saturday.
—________ We should do our part to make our neighborhood cleaner.
A．It’s up to you! B．It doesn’t matter. C．That’s all right. D．That’s a great idea!
9．We ________ water to protect the earth.
A．are using B．use C．used D．have used
10．________ of water is wasted every day.
A．A drop B．A drops C．Drops D．The drop
11．________ the pollution gets worse, we must act.
A．If B．Unless C．Until D． Since
12．Water is a ________ resource for life.
A．precious B．preciousness C．preciously D．preciouses
13．We should ________ the tap when not in use.
A．turn off B．turn on C．turn up D．turn down
14．________ water is not good for the environment.
A．Wasting B．Waste C．Wasted D．To waste
15．There is ________ pollution in the river.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
There is a new rule about going to the toilet on Mount Qomolangma, People climbing the world’s highest peak will now have to 16 their own poop (大便) back to the base camp. There has been an increase in the number of 17 on the mountain. This has led to a problem of human waste being left on the mountain. Mingma Sherpa, a local official, said, “Our mountain has begun to stink (有臭味).” He 18 , “We are getting complaints that human poop is seen on rocks, and some climbers are 19 sick. This is not acceptable. It reduces the 20 others have for us.” The new 21 requires climbers to buy a “poop bag”. They can 22 the bag and its contents when they come down from the mountain. It will be “ 23 ” by workers there.
The 24 of human waste, litter and pollution on Mount Qomolangma has been growing for years. Many people leave camping equipment on the mountain. There are lots of 25 oxygen tanks left all over the mountain. A(n) 26 organization said that there were around three tons of human poop 27 the base camp and the summit of Mount Qomolangma. Much of this freezes and does not degrade (分解). A website said the poop bags would help with the human waste problem. It wrote, “It is 28 that this measure, along with ongoing clean-up campaigns, can help the famous mountain become 29 and respected again.” It added that the poop 30 would protect the health of both climbers and the local environment.
16．A．put B．take C．give D．collect
17．A．climbers B．customers C．hunters D．businessmen
18．A．added B．answered C．thought D．repeated
19．A．driving B．curing C．falling D．worrying
20．A．result B．course C．carelessness D．respect
21．A．way B．plan C．rule D．law
22．A．deal with B．give up C．talk about D．speak of
23．A．bought B．sold C．checked D．understood
24．A．policy B．money C．method D．problem
25．A．full B．empty C．old D．new
26．A．healthy B．environmental C．scientific D．cultural
27．A．between B．both C．among D．across
28．A．said B．reported C．hoped D．believed
29．A．dirty B．beautiful C．fresh D．clean
30．A．dustbins B．places C．bags D．workers
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
A
The Eye of the Sahara is one of Earth’s most amazing natural wonders. It’s a special place in the desert of Mauritania, Africa. Looking from the sky, it looks like a huge, bright eye! It is as long as 500 football fields. The Eye looks like a big round pizza with different colored parts.
How was it made Millions of years ago, the ground under the sand started to rise up. Then, wind and rain slowly wore away the soft rocks, leaving the hard ones behind. Over time, these hard rocks formed the beautiful circles we see today. From above, you can count about 10 round circles; each one has a different color. The biggest circle is on the outside, with smaller ones inside.
But the Eye of the Sahara is in trouble. The desert is very dry, and sandstorms often blow over it. The sand can make the rocks difficult to see. Also, not many people know about this amazing place because it’s far from big cities.
What can we do to help Scientists are studying the Eye to find ways to conserve the rocks. Some people also suggest building a small road or a simple visitor center nearby. This way, more kids and tourists can come and see the Eye of the Sahara.
31．What does the Eye of the Sahara look like
A．A football field. B．A bright star. C．A colorful pizza. D．A deep ocean.
32．According to the passage, how did wind and rain help form the Eye of the Sahara
A．They made the ground rise up.
B．They created colorful circles directly.
C．They brought sand to cover the rocks.
D．They wore away soft rocks and left hard ones.
33．Why can’t many people visit the Eye of the Sahara easily
A．Because it’s far from cities. B．Because it’s too small to find.
C．Because it’s always full of water. D．Because it’s too hot to get there.
34．What does the underlined word “conserve” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Climb. B．Hike. C．Develop. D．Protect.
35．What can we infer (推断) from the passage about the future of the Eye of the Sahara
A．It will soon disappear because of sandstorms.
B．Scientists and visitors may help protect it.
C．It will become a busy city center.
D．No one is interested in studying it.
B
Does the Dead Sea sound like a place to go swimming What do you expect (期待) to see in it Do you believe there are dead things in the Dead Sea
Lying in southwest Asia, the Dead Sea stretches (绵延) for about 80 kilometers. At its deepest point, it is about 400 meters deep. And if you happen to be in the area, you might hear people call it by another name, such as the Salt Sea, the East Sea, or the Sea of the Plain.
Even though it’s called the Dead Sea, it isn’t a sea at all! It’s a lake. Different from other lakes you have seen, the Dead Sea is a very salty lake. In fact, the Dead Sea is one of the saltiest water in the world. Nothing can live in it. That’s why it’s called the Dead Sea. And the Dead Sea stays very salty because it gets only a little rain, and very little fresh water gets into the Dead Sea each year.
________ The Dead Sea is an amazing place to visit, and many people go to the Dead Sea each year on holiday. Because of its high salinity (盐度), the Dead Sea’s waters are denser (密度大的) than ocean water or the water in a swimming pool. That means that anyone can float (漂浮) in the Dead Sea. So if you walk on the beach of the Dead Sea on a warm day, perhaps you can see many people floating in its waters. You might even see many of them reading books or magazines!
36．How does the writer start the text
A．By telling jokes. B．By showing numbers.
C．By giving examples. D．By asking questions.
37．How long is the Dead Sea
A．About 80m. B．About 400m. C．About 80km. D．About 400km.
38．What can we know from Paragraph 3
A．The Dead Sea is a salty lake. B．Many people died in the Dead Sea.
C．Each year much rain enters the Dead Sea. D．Fish can live in the Dead Sea.
39．What is the best sentence for “ ________ ” in the last paragraph
A．Don’t be afraid of the name of the Dead Sea.
B．The water of the Dead Sea is a deep blue color, anyway.
C．The Dead Sea is getting smaller because of water pollution.
D．Always keep your eyes open while you are in the Dead Sea.
40．What is the best title for the text
A．The Size of the Dead Sea
B．Other Names for the Dead Sea
C．Dead Sea: An Amazing Natural Wonder
D．A Great Experience: Swim in the Dead Sea
C
In a small village in southern Jiangxi, there is a thick forest beside it. For hundreds of years, the forest has been a good friend to the villagers. It provides clean air, fresh water, and wood for building houses. In summer, the tall trees shade the village from the hot sun; in winter, they block the cold wind. The villagers also pick wild mushrooms and herbs from the forest to sell or use for medicine.
But things changed thirty years ago. Some young villagers wanted to make money quickly. They cut down a large number of trees and sold the wood to factories. As more trees were cut down, the forest became smaller and smaller. Soon, bad things started to happen. The river near the village became muddy because there were no tree roots to hold the soil. When it rained heavily, floods washed away the crops in the fields. The air became less fresh, and some wild animals that lived in the forest disappeared.
The villagers realized their mistake. They held a meeting and decided to protect the forest together. They stopped cutting down trees and began to plant new saplings every spring. They also made rules: no one could hunt wild animals or pick young herbs in the forest. To help the forest recover faster, they even asked experts from the city to give them advice on forest protection.
After twenty years of hard work, the forest is green and lively again. The river is clear, and wild birds and animals have returned. The villagers no longer rely on selling wood to make money—instead, they open homestays and organize forest tours for visitors. They are proud of their forest and often tell the tourists, “The forest is our treasure. Protecting it is protecting ourselves.”
41．What can the forest NOT provide for the villagers according to Paragraph 1
A．Clean air and fresh water B．Wood for building houses
C．Wild mushrooms and herbs D．Expensive machines and tools
42．Which word is closest in meaning to “saplings” in Paragraph 3
A．Young trees B．Wild flowers C．Fresh vegetables D．Old branches
43．Why did the river near the village become muddy
A．Because the villagers poured waste water into it
B．Because there were no tree roots to hold the soil
C．Because the floods washed away all the fish in it
D．Because the factories polluted it with chemicals
44．What do the villagers do to make money now
A．They sell wood to factories
B．They hunt wild animals and sell them
C．They open homestays and organize forest tours
D．They pick a large number of herbs to sell
45．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The villagers in southern Jiangxi love traveling very much.
B．The forest has changed from being destroyed to being protected and brings benefits to villagers.
C．The young villagers in southern Jiangxi are good at making money quickly.
D．The experts from the city help the villagers plant more trees.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：60分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．________ (raise) awareness is the first step to protect water.
47．There are some ________ (drop) of mud on the shoulder of my coat.
48．Please wash the hole in the cloth ________ (careful).
49．There are two ________ (billion) stars in this galaxy.
50．We need to buy some ________ (energy-save) lights for our classroom.
51．Watching English movies is not only fun but also provides ________ (有用的材料) for learning everyday English.
52．Please ________ (倒) some water into the cup.
53．I need to push my plan ________ (向前) to make my dream come true.
54．Mrs Lee was tired and ________ (口渴的) after shopping, so she went into a tea house.
55．Doing chores at home all day is very ________ (乏味的).
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．我们在一起有很多快乐时刻。有这么多朋友，我的日子永远不会无聊。
We have many happy moments together. My days are ________ ________ with so many friends.
57．市中心将举办一场大型艺术展览，展示来自各地的作品。
A large art ________ will ________ ________ in the city center, showing works from all over the world.
58．学会清晰表达自己的想法是一项有用的技能。
Learning to express your ideas clearly is a ________.
59．我们继续前行，此时乌云像洪水一样在大地上蔓延开来。
We moved on while the clouds ________ over the land like a flood.
60．我们可以走进周逸群故居，聆听红色故事。
We can ________ ________ Zhou Yiqun’s former house and listen to red stories from China’s history.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺。（每空一词）
In a small, green town, there lived a group of active children. They loved playing by the clear river under the warm sun. But one day, they n 61 something sad—the river was becoming dirty and smelly. It was an a 62 situation. Many fish died, and some people even got an illness from the polluted water.
The children decided to do something about it. They tried to ask their parents and teachers for help and s 63 their clean-up plan with the local government. At first, not e 64 accepted their idea. Some adults even thought they were too young to make a change, but the children didn’t give up. “If we don’t act now,” they explained patiently, “this will not just be a problem — it could become a real d 65 for our whole town.”
On a sunny Saturday morning, the children arrived at the river with gloves and bags. To their s 66 , neighbors, friends, and even the mayor (市长) joined in. Together, they picked up rubbish, removed plastic waste f 67 the water, and even planted trees along the banks. Everyone worked h 68 , and seeing the river breathe again was deeply satisfying.
After several weeks, the water became cleaner, and the fish r 69 . The children were happy to see the positive changes. They learned that with active participation (参加) and increased awareness, they could make a great d 70 . They will continue to look for new ways to protect their town, knowing that every small step could lead to a better world.
七、材料作文（本大题共25分）
71．森林是地球的重要生态系统，但是近年来滥砍滥伐、森林火灾等问题日益严重。现在某英语杂志社发起以“Protect Our Forests”为主题的征文活动，请你根据以下要点写一篇短文投稿。
注意事项：
1. 短文须包括所给内容要点，要求语句通顺，意思连贯，可作适当发挥；
2. 词数在80个左右；
3. 不得使用真实的个人姓名或学校名称；
4. 短文必须写在答题卡指定的位置上。
Protect Our Forests
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：这本书太无聊了，以至于我无法读完它。
boring无聊的；bored感到无聊的；interesting有趣的；interested感兴趣的。主语是“The book”，指物，应用-ing结尾的形容词，排除选项B和D；根据“couldn’t finish reading it”可知无法读完，推测书很无聊，应填boring。
2．A
【解析】句意：——这场英语派对将会持续多久？——它将持续到晚上9:30。之后我们必须打扫教室。
until直到；during在……期间；from从；at在（某时刻）。结合语境，表示活动持续至某个时间点，until符合句意。
3．B
【解析】句意：——我认为保罗真的很喜欢和别人一起工作。——我明白了。这就是为什么他总是快乐地参加每一个团队活动。
根据答语后句“That’s why he always happily joins every team activity.”可知，答话者认同对方的观点并提供证据。分析选项，A项表示将来意愿，C项表示否定希望，D项表示负面情绪，均不符合语境。B项表示理解或认同，符合逻辑。
4．A
【解析】句意：——我认为猎豹是世界上最美丽的动物。——完全同意。猎豹也跑得最快。
Can’t agree more非常赞同；That’s OK没关系；Our pleasure不客气；I disagree我不同意。根据答语后句“The cheetah also runs the fastest.”中的“also”可知，说话者补充了猎豹的优点，意在支持对方的观点，表示赞同，故选A。
5．A
【解析】句意：——让我们做西红柿牛肉面吧。——听起来不错。
Sounds good听起来不错；You’re welcome不客气；That’s right那是对的；Don’t worry不要担心。根据“Let’s...”可知，对方提出建议，回答应表示接受或赞同。应选Sounds good。
6．C
【解析】句意：学习如何规划时间是我们生活中需要的一项有用的技能。
modern现代的；enjoyable令人愉快的；useful有用的；comfortable舒适的。根据“Learning how to plan our time”和“skill we need in life”可知，规划时间是一项对生活有帮助的技能，推测出是有用的，useful符合语境。
7．A
【解析】句意：这个地区的污染非常严重。
pollution污染，名词；pollute污染，动词；polluter污染者，名词；polluting污染，动名词或现在分词。空处位于定冠词The之后，作句子主语，需用名词，句子指“污染”这一现象严重，应填pollution。
8．D
【解析】句意：——我们社区这周六要组织一次清洁活动。——好主意！我们应该尽自己的一份力，让我们的社区更干净。
It’s up to you!由你决定（回应征求意见）；It doesn’t matter.没关系（回应道歉）；That’s all right.没关系（回应道歉）；That’s a great idea!好主意！（表示赞同对方提议）。根据后句“We should do our part”可知，应答者表示赞同活动提议，应填That’s a great idea!。
9．B
【解析】句意：我们用水来保护地球。
根据语境可知，句子陈述的是客观事实或普遍情况，应使用一般现在时，应填use。
10．A
【解析】句意：每天浪费一滴水。
句中谓语动词is为单数形式，主语需为单数，A drop为单数结构，符合语法；A drops冠词A后不能接复数drops，结构错误；Drops为复数名词，谓语动词应用are；The drop表特指，不符合泛指语境。
11．A
【解析】句意：如果污染变得更严重，我们必须采取行动。
If如果；Unless除非；Until直到；Since自从。根据“…the pollution gets worse, we must act.”可知前后句是条件关系，表示假如污染情况恶化，我们就必须行动，If符合语境。
12．A
【解析】句意：水是生命宝贵的资源。
precious宝贵的（形容词）；preciousness宝贵（名词）；preciously宝贵地（副词）；preciouses错误变形。根据题干“a ________ resource”可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词resource，应填precious。
13．A
【解析】句意：当不使用时，我们应该关掉水龙头。
turn off关闭；turn on打开；turn up调大；turn down调小。根据“when not in use”可知，水龙头不使用时应该关掉，turn off符合语境。
14．A
【解析】句意：浪费水对环境不好。
Wasting浪费（动名词作主语）；Waste浪费（动词原形，不能作主语）；Wasted浪费（过去分词，可作定语但一般不单独作主语）；To waste浪费（不定式，可作主语但侧重具体动作）。本句描述一般性事实，应用动名词作主语，应填Wasting。
15．D
【解析】句意：河里有污染。
a一个；an一个；the这/那；/不填。pollution意为“污染”，是不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词a或an修饰。此处泛指河里有污染，非特指，应用零冠词。
16．B 17．A 18．A 19．C 20．D 21．C 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文主要介绍珠峰出台如厕新规，要求登山者自行带走排泄物，讲述珠峰垃圾、排泄物污染日益严重的现状，以及新规推行的目的和作用。
【解析】16．句意：如今攀登这座世界最高峰的人们必须把自己的排泄物带回大本营。
put放置；take带走；give给予；collect收集。根据“their own poop back to the base camp”可知，此处表示把排泄物带回营地，take back为固定搭配，意为“带回”，符合新规要求。
17．句意：前往这座山峰的登山者人数一直在增加。
climbers登山者；customers顾客；hunters猎人；businessmen商人。根据前文“People climbing the world’s highest peak”可知，文中主体是登山的人。
18．句意：他补充说道：“不断有人反映在岩石上能看到排泄物，还有一些登山者生病了。”
added补充说；answered回答；thought认为；repeated重复。上一句引号里的内容是Mingma Sherpa说的话，后面也是他说的话，此处是继续补充内容。
19．句意：他补充说道：“不断有人反映在岩石上能看到排泄物，还有一些登山者生病了。”
driving驾驶；curing治愈；falling（fall sick）生病；worrying担忧。fall sick为固定搭配，表示“生病”。
20．句意：这有损他人对我们的好感与尊重。
result结果；course课程；carelessness粗心；respect尊重。根据“We are getting complaints that human poop is seen on rocks ...”可知，脏乱的环境会让人们失去对当地的尊重。
21．句意：这项新规定要求登山者购买专用“粪便袋”。
way方法；plan计划；rule规定；law法律。根据文章开头“There is a new rule about going to the toilet on Mount Qomolangma”可知，此处呼应前文提到的新规定。
22．句意：他们下山后可以处理这个袋子以及里面的东西。
deal with处理；give up放弃；talk about谈论；speak of谈及。根据“the bag and its contents when they come down from the mountain”可知，下山后需要对袋子和里面的东西进行处置。
23．句意：山上的工作人员会对其进行检查。
bought购买；sold售卖；checked检查；understood理解。根据前文要求使用专用袋子收纳排泄物可知，工作人员会对袋子进行查验。
24．句意：多年来，珠峰上的人类排泄物、垃圾以及污染问题愈发严重。
policy政策；money钱财；method方法；problem问题。根据后文讲述垃圾、排泄物带来的种种不良影响可知，此处指环境污染相关问题日益加剧。
25．句意：山上到处散落着许多空氧气瓶。
full满的；empty空的；old旧的；new新的。根据登山常识以及“left all over the mountain”可知，使用过后的氧气瓶会变空，被随意丢弃。
26．句意：一家环保组织表示，在珠峰大本营和峰顶之间，大约有三吨人类排泄物。
healthy健康的；environmental环境的；scientific科学的；cultural文化的。根据全文围绕珠峰垃圾、排泄物污染环境的内容可知，此处指环保相关机构。
27．句意：一家环保组织表示，在珠峰大本营和峰顶之间，大约有三吨人类排泄物。
between在两者之间；both两者都；among在（三者及以上）之中；across穿过。根据“the base camp and the summit”可知，这是两个地点，两者之间用between，between ... and ...为固定搭配，意为“在……和……两者之间”。
28．句意：人们希望这项举措配合持续的清理行动，能让这座名山恢复原貌。
said说；reported报道；hoped希望；believed相信。It is hoped that …意为“人们希望……”，此处是网站表达对新规效果的期许。
29．句意：让这座名山重新变得洁净，重新赢得人们的敬重。
dirty脏乱的；beautiful美丽的；fresh新鲜的；clean干净的。根据前文治理垃圾和排泄物污染可知，目的是让山体恢复干净整洁。
30．句意：报道还称，这种粪便袋既能保护登山者的健康，也能保护当地环境。
dustbins垃圾桶；places地点；bags袋子；workers工作人员。根据全文反复提到的“poop bag”可知，此处指代这种专用收集袋。
31．C 32．D 33．A 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了非洲毛里塔尼亚沙漠中的撒哈拉之眼这一自然奇观，内容涵盖它的外观特征、形成过程、当前面临的生存困境，以及科学家与民众提出的相关保护举措。
【解析】31．根据第一段“The Eye looks like a big round pizza with different colored parts.”可知，撒哈拉之眼看起来像一个多色的披萨。
32．根据第二段“Then, wind and rain slowly wore away the soft rocks, leaving the hard ones behind.”可知，风雨侵蚀掉软岩石，留下硬岩石，最终形成了撒哈拉之眼。
33．根据第三段“not many people know about this amazing place because it’s far from big cities”可知，人们难以便捷地到访撒哈拉之眼，原因是它距离城市很远。
34．根据第四段“Scientists are studying the Eye to find ways to conserve the rocks.”，结合前文提到撒哈拉之眼正被风沙掩盖、处境危险，由此推知科学家研究的目的是保护岩石不被风沙掩埋，因此conserve与protect“保护”含义相近。
35．根据第四段“Scientists are studying the Eye to find ways to conserve the rocks...This way, more kids and tourists can come and see the Eye of the Sahara.”可知，科学家在研究保护撒哈拉之眼的方法，也有人提议修建道路和游客中心吸引游客前来，由此可以推断：未来科学家和游客可能会共同助力保护撒哈拉之眼。
36．D 37．C 38．A 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文是科普说明文，介绍死海的地理位置、尺寸、高盐特性，以及人们可在死海漂浮游览的独特现象。
【解析】36．文章开头连用三个问句开启内容，对应D选项By asking questions
37．原文第二段“the Dead Sea stretches for about 80 kilometers”，长度约80千米，选C。
38．第三段开头“it isn’t a sea at all! It’s a lake...the Dead Sea is a very salty lake”，可知死海是咸水湖；B、C、D均和段落内容矛盾，选A。
39．后文讲述死海是绝佳游览地，高盐度可以让人漂浮；A选项“不要畏惧死海这个名字”可以承接上文“死海名称由来”、引出下文游玩体验，B、C、D和上下文逻辑不匹配，选A。
40．全文介绍死海各项特点、独特的漂浮景观，属于奇妙自然奇观，C选项Dead Sea: An Amazing Natural Wonder可概括全文；A、B仅对应局部段落内容，选C。
41．D 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍江西南部村庄旁森林的变迁：早年森林造福村民，三十年前村民乱砍滥伐引发生态灾害，村民醒悟后共同植树护林，如今森林恢复生机，村民依靠生态旅游增收，点明保护森林就是保护自身的道理。
【解析】41．根据第一段“It provides clean air, fresh water, and wood for building houses... The villagers also pick wild mushrooms and herbs from the forest”可知，森林能提供清新空气、建房木材、野生菌和草药，文中未提及昂贵机器工具，对应选项D。
42．根据第三段“plant new saplings every spring”并结合上下文停止砍树、植树造林，saplings指小树苗，和young trees含义最接近，对应选项A。
43．根据第二段“The river near the village became muddy because there were no tree roots to hold the soil”可知，河水变浑浊的原因是没有树根固定泥土，对应选项B。
44．根据第四段“The villagers no longer rely on selling wood to make money—instead, they open homestays and organize forest tours”可知，如今村民靠开办民宿、组织森林旅游赚钱，对应选项C。
45．文章完整讲述森林从被砍伐破坏，到村民主动保护、恢复生态并带来经济收益的全过程，B选项概括全文核心；A、C、D仅为局部细节，对应选项B。
46．Raising
【解析】句意：提高节水意识是保护水资源的第一步。本句缺少主语，动词原形不能直接作句子主语，需将动词raise变为动名词形式； raise变动名词直接在词尾加-ing，即raising ，置于句首首字母大写，故填Raising。
47．drops
【解析】句意：我的外套肩上有几个泥点。drop“滴”，some后接可数名词的复数形式drops。
48．carefully
【解析】句意：请小心清洗布料上的破洞。括号内careful是形容词，此处修饰动词wash（清洗），修饰动词需要用副词形式。故填carefully。
49．billion
【解析】句意：这个星系中有二十亿颗恒星。billion前有具体数字two修饰时，billion必须用单数形式，故填billion。
50．energy-saving
【解析】句意：我们需要为教室买一些节能灯具。根据空格后名词lights以及所给单词energy-save可知，此处需要合成形容词修饰名词，energy-saving表示“节能的”，作定语修饰lights。
51．useful materials
【解析】句意：看英文电影不仅有趣，还能为学习日常英语提供有用的材料。括号内中文“有用的材料”，“有用的”是形容词useful，“材料”常用material，此处表泛指各类学习素材，用复数materials；固定搭配provide sth. for sth.“为某物提供某物”，故填useful materials。
52．pour
【解析】句意：请倒一些水到杯子里。根据汉语提示可知，pour“倒”，动词。在“Please+动词原形”的祈使句结构中，动词需用原形。故填pour。
53．forward
【解析】句意：我需要推进我的计划，来实现我的梦想。此处表示“向前”应用forward，构成常用搭配push...forward，意为“推进……”，forward为副词，修饰动词push。故填forward。
54．thirsty
【解析】句意：李太太购物后又累又渴，于是走进了一家茶馆。thirsty“口渴的”，形容词作表语。故填thirsty。
55．boring
【解析】句意：整天在家做家务很乏味。boring“乏味的”，形容词。故填boring。
56．never boring
【解析】原句中“永远不会无聊”是关键词，never表示“从不、永远不”，boring形容事物“令人无聊的”，be动词后接形容词作表语。
57．exhibition be held
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，第一个空处缺少“展览”。exhibition“展览”，可数名词，由“A large art”可知，此处用单数形式；第二个和第三个空处缺少“举办”，hold“举办”，动词，由“will”可知，此处用被动语态，其结构是“will be+动词的过去分词”，因此第二个空填be，第三个空填held。故填exhibition；be；held。
58．useful skill
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“有用的技能”，名词短语useful skill意为“有用的技能”。useful意为“有用的”，作定语修饰名词skill“技能”。空格前是不定冠词a，此处应用名词单数形式。故填useful skill。
59．spread
【解析】根据句意可知，此处表示“蔓延”，用动词“spread”，且根据前文“moved on”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“spread”的过去式是“spread” ，故填spread。
60．step/walk/come into
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“走进”。“step into”“walk into”“come into”都有“走进”的含义，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填step/walk/come；into。
61．noticed/oticed 62．awful/wful 63．share/hare 64．everyone/veryone/everybody/verybody 65．disaster/isaster 66．surprise/urprise 67．from/rom 68．hard/ard 69．returned/eturned 70．difference/ifference
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一群孩子发现家乡河流被污染后，坚持呼吁行动，带动众人参与治理河流，最终河水恢复洁净，告诉我们微小行动也能带来巨大改变。
【解析】61．句意：但是有一天，他们注意到一件令人难过的事 —— 河水正变得又脏又臭。根据首字母n及下文“something sad the river was becoming dirty and smelly”可知，此处表示“注意到”，notice表示“注意到”，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词使用过去式noticed。
62．句意：这是一个糟糕的局面。根据首字母a及上文“the river was becoming dirty and smelly. Many fish died”可知，河水被污染，处境很糟糕，awful为形容词，意为“糟糕的”，修饰名词situation。
63．句意：他们尽力向父母和老师寻求帮助，并向当地政府分享他们的清理计划。根据首字母s及下文“their clean up plan with the local government”可知，此处表示“分享”，share…with…“与……分享……”；固定搭配try to do sth.“尽力做某事”，and连接to do并列，填动词原形share。
64．句意：起初，并不是所有人都接受他们的想法。根据首字母e及下文“Some adults even thought they were too young to make a change”可知，并非每一个人都认同，everyone/everybody表示“每个人，所有人”，not everyone/everybody表示部分否定。
65．句意：这将不仅仅是一个问题 —— 它可能会成为我们整个城镇的一场真正的灾难。根据首字母d及上文“If we don’t act now,this will not just be a problem”可知，不采取行动会酿成灾难，disaster为可数名词，意为“灾难”，前面有a，用单数形式。
66．句意：令他们惊讶的是，邻居、朋友甚至市长都加入进来。根据首字母s及固定搭配to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，可知surprise符合语境。
67．句意：他们一起捡垃圾，把塑料垃圾从水里捞出来，还沿着河岸种树。根据首字母f及固定搭配remove…from…“把……从……移除”，介词from表示“从”。
68．句意：每个人都努力工作，看到河流重焕生机让人十分满足。根据首字母h及上下文语境，work hard为固定短语，意为“努力干活”，hard作副词修饰动词worked。
69．句意：几周之后，河水变得更干净了，鱼儿回来了。根据首字母r及上文“the water became cleaner”可知，河水变干净，鱼重新回来，return表示“返回”，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式returned。
70．句意：他们懂得了通过积极参与和提高意识，他们可以产生巨大的影响。根据首字母d及固定搭配make a great difference“有很大影响，起很大作用”，可知difference符合语境。
71．例文：
Protect Our Forests
Forests are very important to our earth. They not only help to improve the climate, but also provide a home for wildlife.
However, forests are facing many serious problems now. People are cutting down too many trees. What’s worse, pollution is destroying the forests.
It is time for us to take action to protect them. First, we should plant more trees. Second, it is necessary to use environment-friendly products. Finally, we can call on more people to join us. Let’s work together to make our earth a better place!
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：英语征文（说明文），以一般现在时为主
明确要点：森林的重要性（气候、野生动物）；森林面临的问题（砍伐树木、污染）；保护森林的行动建议（种树、使用环保产品等）
确定人称：第一人称、第三人称混用
注意事项：词数80词左右，不得使用真实个人姓名或学校名称，语句通顺连贯，可适当发挥
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：总述森林对地球的重要意义，介绍森林带来的两大价值
主体段：转折，介绍森林如今遇到的各类严峻问题
结尾段：呼吁行动，给出具体保护措施，发出倡议升华主题
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：森林的重要性
价值一：改善气候：improve the climate/keep the temperature balanced/clean the air/reduce pollution等
价值二：为野生动物提供家园：provide a home for wildlife/offer places for animals to live/protect wild animals//be home to many living things等
要点二：森林面临的问题
问题一：滥砍树木：cut down too many trees/destroy forests/chop down trees/clear forests等
问题二：污染破坏森林：pollution is destroying the forests/forest fires break out/harm the forests/do great harm to trees等
要点三：保护森林的行动措施
措施一：多植树：plant more trees/grow more trees/save every tree/protect young trees等
措施二：使用环保产品：use environment-friendly products/use green things/reuse paper/avoid wasting wood等
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