资源简介

(共18张PPT)
Discovering useful structures
Unit 3
Environmental Protection
Martin Luther King said,“I have a dream.”
Martin Luther King said that he had a dream.
直接引语
间接引语
直接引述别人的原话，
叫 _______________；
通常都用_____________括起来；
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，
叫______________；
它多数情况下构成一个 ___________。
直接引语
间接引语
引号“ ”
宾语从句
Martin Luther King
I have a dream.
Lead-in
直接引语
间接引语
1
2
3
4
直接引语变为间接引语时，要作相应的变化
时态的变化
人称的变化
指示代词、时间状语、
地点状语和动词的变化
句型的变化
1. “I don’t know that,” he said.
He said that he didn’t know that.
2. She said to me,“You can go with me.”
She told me that I could go with her.
3. She said to me,“He will go home.”
She told me that he would go home.
人称变化规律总结
一随主
二随宾
三不变
一随主：直接引语中第一人称变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。
二随宾：直接引语中第二人称变为和间接宾语（即听话人）相一致的人称。
第三人称不变：直接引语中第三人称变为间接宾语时，人称不变。
一、人称变化
（1）“I will come and see you again this evening， Tom，”she said.
→ She told Tom that 　　　　 would go and see 　　　　 again that evening.
（2）He said to me，“You are wrong.”
→ He told me that 　　　　 was wrong.
（3）“Are you a soldier ” he asked.
→ He asked if/whether 　　　　 was a soldier.
（4）He asked，“Where are you going to get off， John ”
→ He asked John where 　　　　 was going to get off.
she
I
him
I
he
句型转换
Ⅰ. 直接引语变成间接引语时，如果主句是过去的某种时态，则大多数情况下间接引语的时态应相应向前推一个时态。
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
一般将来时 过去将来时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时
过去进行时 过去进行时（不变）
“I don’t know that,” he said.
He said that he didn’t know that.
二、时态的变化
Ⅱ.直接引语 变成 间接引语时，以下情况，时态不变：
二、时态的变化
(1) 主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句时态不变;
He says,“I didn't broke the window.”
He says that he didn't broke the window.
(2) 直接引语描述：客观事实、真理名言、习惯性动作，从句时态不变;
“The earth moves around the sun,” the teacher told us.
The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
（1）The teacher said，“You are doing OK.”
→ The teacher said that 　　　　 　　 doing OK.
（2）He said，“I have written a novel.”
→He said that 　　　　 　　　　 a novel.
（3）He said，“She will come here to have a long holiday.”
→ He said that 　　　　 　　 go there to have a long holiday.
（4）The teacher said，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”
→ The teacher said that where there 　　 a will，there 　　　 a way.
（5）Jane said，“Mary，where were you going when I met you on the bus ”
→Jane asked Mary where 　　　　 　　 when she met her on the bus.
we were
he had written
she would
is
she was going
is
句型转换
变化项目 直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 this
these
时间状语 now
today
this morning/ week
三、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化
that
those
then
that day
that morning/ week
时间状语 yesterday
ten days ago
tomorrow
next week
last week
the day before yesterday
the day after tomorrow
地点状语 here
方向性动词 come
bring
三、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化
the day before
ten days before
the next day/ the following day
there
go
take
two days before
in two days’ time
the next week/ the following week
the week before
1.She asked，“Is this book his？”
→She asked whether that book was his.
2.He said, “I want these book.”
→He said that he wanted those books.
3.She said, “I’ll come here and bring some apples.”
→She said she would go there and take some apples.
4.“I’ll be very busy today，” said the man.
→The man said he would be very busy that day.
5.He said, “I opened the window ten days ago.”
→He said he opened the window ten days before.
6.“I’m free tomorrow.” John said.
→John said that she was free the next day.
7.He said, “I saw the film yesterday.”
→He said he had seen the film the day before.
转化以下直接引语为间接引语。
四、句型的变化
(1) 直接引语是陈述句，间接引语用连接词that引导，that可省略。
John told her, “I’d like to see a movie now.”
John told her (that) he would like to see a movie then
(2) 直接引语是一般疑问句，间接引语用whether或if引导，疑问语序变成陈述语序，谓语动词say/said 变成ask/asked。
The reporter asked, “Will polar bears die out because of climate change ”
The reporter asked whether/if polar bears would die out because of climate change.
(3) 直接引语是特殊疑问句，间接引语用原来的疑问词引导，疑问语序
变为陈述语序。
The teacher asked, “Where have you been ”
The teacher asked me where I had been.
四、句型的变化
(4) 直接引语是祈使句，间接引语变为ask/tell/order/advise sb(not)to do.
He said to Ann, “Tell me your problem.”
He told Ann to tell him her problem.
“Be careful with the dog, boys,” she said.
She warned the boys to be careful with the dog.
（1）He said，“I’ve left my book in your room.”
→He told me 　　　　 he 　　　　 　　　　 his book in my room.
（2）She said，“Do you like watching the advertisements on TV ”
→She asked me 　　　　 I 　　　　 watching the advertisements on TV.
（3）“Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad ” Bill asked.
→ Bill asked 　　　　 　　　　 　 the ads for jobs abroad.
（4）“What are you doing now ” Mom asked.
→Mom asked 　　　　 　　　　 then.
（5）He said，“Please come here again tomorrow.”
→He 　　　　 　　　 again 　　　　 　　.
（6）He said，“Don’t make so much noise，boys.”
→ He told the boys 　　　　 　 so much noise.
that
whether
where I had found
liked
had left
what I was doing
asked me to go there
the next day
not to make
句型转换
直接引语与间接引语的转换
大多数情况下间接引语的时态应相应向前推一个时态。（过去进行时不变）
时态的变化
人称的变化
一随主、二随宾、三不变
指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化
需要特殊记忆
句型的变化
1.陈述句——that（可省略）；
2.一般疑问句——whether/if；陈述语序，谓语动词 say/said 变成ask/asked。
3.特殊疑问句——用原来的疑问词，陈述语气
4.祈使句变成ask/tell/order/advise sb (not) to do.
Summary
1. Andrew told me that he ___________ (leave) for Hong Kong for his holidays the next day.
2. The teacher told his students that light ________ (travel) faster than sound.
3. Mum asked Helen whether she ___________ (finish) her homework.
4. William asked her how she __________ (manage) to solve the problem by herself.
5. Li Yang says he ________ (win) the writing competition held in his school.
has won
was leaving
travels
had finished
managed
Practice
1. He said, “I am watching the football match now.”
He said that he _____ __________ the football match ________.
2. Mum asked, “Did you see your grandparents yesterday ”
Mum asked me __________ I ____ ____ my grandparents ___ _____ _______.
3. The manager said, “The guests from the UK will arrive the day after tomorrow.”
The manager said that the guests from the UK_____ _____ __ ___ _____ ______.
4. The geography teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.”
The geography teacher said that the earth_____ ______ the sun.
5. My mother said, “Don’t play football in the street.”
My mother warned me ____ ___ _____ ______ in the street.
6. Miss King said to us, “Read more English books in your spare time.”
Miss King told us __ ____ more English books __ ____ _____ ______.
would arrive in two days’ time
was watching
then
if/whether
had seen
the day before
goes around
not to play football
to read
in our spare time
Practice
Discovering useful structures
Thanks!

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