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【优生拔尖】八年级上册精编知识清单和拔高自测卷
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and animals
说 明知识清单：抓教材核心，把课本零散知识点结构化，解决学生 “知识点散乱、复习无抓手” 问题。拔高自测卷：跳出简单机械刷题，在课本基础上适度拔高，侧重核心素养，训练迁移运用能力。
第一部分 核心知识清单
一、必考核心词汇
plant (n.) 植物｜animal (n.) 动物
amazing (adj.) 令人惊奇的｜wonderful (adj.) 绝妙的；神奇的
living (adj.) 活着的｜wild (adj.) 野生的
grow (v.) 生长；种植｜growth (n.) 生长
leaf (n.) 叶子 (pl. leaves)｜root (n.) 根
flower (n.) 花｜fruit (n.) 果实；水果
grass (n.) 草｜tree (n.) 树木
feed (v.) 喂养；饲养｜protect (v.) 保护
save (v.) 拯救；节约｜help (v.) 帮助
nature (n.) 大自然｜natural (adj.) 自然的
forest (n.) 森林｜river (n.) 河流
habitat (n.) 栖息地｜home (n.) 家园
cute (adj.) 可爱的｜lovely (adj.) 可爱的
strong (adj.) 强壮的｜weak (adj.) 弱小的
important (adj.) 重要的｜necessary (adj.) 必要的
survive (v.) 生存；存活｜life (n.) 生命
二、高频固定短语
amazing plants and animals 神奇的动植物
wild animals 野生动物
living things 生物
grow up 生长；长大
in nature 在大自然中
in the forest 在森林里
protect wild animals 保护野生动物
protect nature 保护自然
save animals’ homes 拯救动物家园
feed animals 喂养动物
need water and sun 需要水和阳光
keep balanced 保持平衡
be good for 对……有益
play an important role 扮演重要角色；起重要作用
help them survive 帮助它们生存
三、核心交际&语法句型
1. 描述动植物特征（单元核心）
—What do you know about this plant 你了解这种植物吗？
—It is very amazing. It grows fast and needs lots of sun. 它很神奇，生长快，需要充足阳光。
2. 询问生存条件（拔高重点）
—What do animals need to survive 动物生存需要什么？
—They need food, water and safe habitats. 它们需要食物、水和安全的栖息地。
3. 表达保护意义（写作核心）
—Why should we protect wild animals 我们为什么要保护野生动物？
—Because they are important to nature. 因为它们对大自然至关重要。
4. 描述生长变化句型
Plants grow slowly in winter and fast in summer. 植物冬天生长缓慢，夏天生长迅速。
5. 观点评价万能句型
Nature is full of amazing living things. We should be kind to plants and animals. 大自然充满神奇生物，我们要善待动植物。
四、重点语法拔高（本单元难点）
1. 可数/不可数名词拓展（高频易错）
leaf (单数) → leaves (复数，不规则变化)；grass、nature、wildlife 为不可数名词，无复数形式；animal、plant、flower 为可数名词。
2. 一般现在时客观真理用法（单元核心）
描述自然规律、动植物习性、客观事实，统一用一般现在时，不受时间状语限制，主语三单动词变形必考。
3. need 双重用法（拔高重点）
实义动词：need to do sth. 需要做某事；need sth. 需要某物；情态动词：need do sth.（多用于否定、疑问）
4. protect 固定搭配（必考）
protect sb./sth. 保护某人/某物；protect ... from ... 保护……免受伤害
5. 形容词作定语&表语用法
amazing、wonderful、important 等形容词，可作前置定语修饰名词，也可用于主系表结构描述事物特征。
6. 动词不定式作目的状语（难点）
We need to protect animals to keep nature balanced. 我们需要保护动物来维持自然平衡。（to do 表目的）
第二部分 单元拔高自测卷
（满分100分 50分钟）
一、单项选择（重难点拔高，每题2分，共20分）
考点聚焦：名词单复数、一般现在时三单、need用法、固定搭配、不定式、形容词辨析、语法易错点
( ) 1. There are many green ______ on the tree in spring.
A. leaf B. leaves C. leafs D. leave
( ) 2. This kind of plant ______ very fast in summer.
A. grow B. grows C. growing D. grew
( ) 3. Wild animals need ______ safe places to live.
A. find B. to find C. finding D. found
( ) 4. We should protect animals ______ being hurt.
A. from B. to C. for D. with
( ) 5. Nature ______ lots of amazing living things for us.
A. have B. has C. is D. are
( ) 6. It is ______ for us to protect wild plants and animals.
A. important B. boring C. difficult D. boring
( ) 7. Most animals live ______ the forest.
A. on B. in C. at D. of
( ) 8. Plants need water and sun ______ well.
A. grow B. growing C. to grow D. grows
( ) 9. —______ do we protect animals —Because they help keep nature balanced.
A. How B. Why C. What D. When
( ) 10. These wild animals look ______ and lovely.
A. amazing B. amazed C. boring D. bored
二、词汇应用（每空1分，共10分）
考点聚焦：名词单复数、动词变形、词性转换、固定搭配、三单变形、形容词适配
根据句意及首字母提示或括号内单词适当形式填空。
1. The natural world is full of a________ plants and animals.
2. We must p________ wild animals to keep nature balanced.
3. Trees and flowers are different kinds of p________.
4. Many wild animals live in the f________.
5. All living things need food and water to s________.
6. There are many ________ (leaf) on the ground in autumn.
7. The little plant ________ (grow) taller every day.
8. It is ________ (wonder) to see so many wild animals.
9. We should be kind to all ________ (live) things.
10. Protecting animals is very ________ (importance).
三、句型转换（语法综合拔高，每题1分，共5分）
考点聚焦：一般现在时句型转换、不定式用法、划线提问、同义替换、否定句改写
1. Plants need lots of sun and water.（改为一般疑问句）
______ plants ______ lots of sun and water
2. Wild animals need safe habitats to survive.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ wild animals need safe habitats ______
3. This kind of flower grows very fast.（改为否定句）
This kind of flower ______ ______ very fast.
4. It is important for us to protect nature.（同义句转换）
______ nature is important ______ us.
5. Many animals live in the forest.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ many animals live
四、选词填空（语篇拔高，每空1分，共8分，有一个多余选项）
考点聚焦：单元话题词汇、动词变形、语境适配、固定短语、语法综合运用
amazing, grow, protect, nature, live, important, need, help, wonderful
The natural world is (1)________. There are all kinds of plants and animals (2)________ in nature. Plants (3)________ slowly with water and sunshine. Animals (4)________ food and safe homes to survive. They (5)________ each other and keep nature balanced. It is very (6)________ for us to (7)________ these wild living things. Loving (8)________ is loving our own life.
五、语法填空（语篇拔高，每空1分，共7分）
考点聚焦：名词单复数、三单变形、不定式、介词、词性转换、固定搭配综合拔高
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are many kinds of (1)________ (plant) and animals in the world. They are all (2)________ (amaze) living things. Plants need water and sun (3)________ (grow). Wild animals live (4)________ forests and rivers. They play an important role (5)________ nature. We should protect them (6)________ (careful). Protecting wild life (7)________ (be) protecting ourselves.
六、阅读理解（两篇短文，共20分）
考点聚焦：自然动植物话题、细节定位、推理判断、词义猜测、主旨提炼、素养拔高
Passage 1
Plants and animals are important parts of nature. All living things need each other. Plants grow with sun and water. They make food for many animals. They also make the air fresh and clean. Animals are different from plants, but they help plants grow too. Some animals help spread seeds (种子). However, many wild animals and plants are in danger now. People cut down too many trees and pollute rivers. It is bad for their living habitats. We must take action to protect them. Protecting nature is protecting our home.
( ) 1. What do plants need to grow
A. Food and air B. Sun and water C. Water and food D. Air and soil
( ) 2. What do plants do for animals
A. They spread seeds B. They make food and fresh air
C. They clean rivers D. They build homes
( ) 3. Why are many wild living things in danger
A. Because they grow slowly B. Because people protect them
C. Because of human activities D. Because they have no food
( ) 4. Which of the following is TRUE
A. Animals don’t need plants B. Plants can grow without water
C. All living things help each other D. Nature needs no protection
( ) 5. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The importance of protecting nature B. How plants grow
C. Different kinds of animals D. The beauty of plants
Passage 2
Wild animals are amazing living things. They live in different places of nature. Some live in deep forests, some live in rivers and lakes, and others live on mountains. Every wild animal has its own living habit and special ability. They make our natural world colorful and lively. However, their living space is becoming smaller and smaller. Many wild animals lose their homes and food. It is terrible for nature balance. As students, we can do simple things to help them. We can save water, protect trees and never hurt wild animals. Small actions can make a big difference to nature.
( ) 1. Where do wild animals live
A. Only in forests B. In different natural places
C. Only on mountains D. Only in rivers
( ) 2. What makes the natural world colorful
A. Different wild animals B. Clean water
C. Green trees D. Fresh air
( ) 3. What problem do wild animals face
A. Too much food B. Larger living space
C. Losing homes and food D. Too many friends
( ) 4. What can students do to help wild animals
A. Cut down trees B. Pollute rivers
C. Save water and protect trees D. Hurt small animals
( ) 5. What does the underlined sentence mean
A. Small actions are useless B. Little efforts work well
C. We need big actions only D. Nature needs no help
七、阅读简答（每题2分，共10分）
考点聚焦：短文细节抓取、规范英文简答、单元核心句型运用
阅读短文，用简短英文作答。
Plants and animals are amazing. They are important to our nature. Plants grow with sun and water. They provide food and oxygen (氧气) for animals and people. Wild animals keep nature balanced. Today, many wild living things are in danger. We should try our best to protect them. We can plant more trees, save water and be kind to all living things.
1. What are important to nature
________________________________________
2. What do plants need to grow
________________________________________
3. What do plants provide for us
________________________________________
4. Why should we protect wild living things
________________________________________
5. What can we do to protect nature
________________________________________
八、信息归纳（每空1分，共5分）
考点聚焦：提炼语篇核心信息，训练文本概括、细节提炼能力
阅读短文，根据短文内容完成信息卡，每空一词。
Nature is full of amazing living things. Plants need sun and water to grow. They make fresh air for the world. Wild animals live in forests and rivers. They help keep nature balanced. Now many wild animals are in danger. We need to protect them and our beautiful nature.
Information Answer
Feature of nature Full of （1）________ living things
Plants’ needs Sun and （2）________
Plants’ function Make （3）________ air
Animals’ function Keep nature （4）________
Our duty Protect wild animals and （5）________
九、书面表达（综合输出，15分）
拔高要求：熟练运用单元核心词汇、固定短语、客观真理时态、保护类句型，句式多样、语法零失误、逻辑连贯，词数50-70词
请以 Amazing Nature 为题，介绍大自然中的神奇动植物，简述它们的作用和我们的保护做法。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、单项选择（20分）
1.B 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A
二、词汇应用（10分）
1. amazing 2. protect 3. plants 4. forest 5. survive
6. leaves 7. grows 8. wonderful 9. living 10. important
三、句型转换（5分）
1. Do; need 2. What do; for 3. doesn’t grow 4. Protecting; for 5. Where do
四、选词填空（8分）
1. wonderful 2. living 3. grow 4. need 5. help 6. important 7. protect 8. nature （多余词：amazing）
五、语法填空（7分）
1. plants 2. amazing 3. to grow 4. in 5. in 6. carefully 7. is
六、阅读理解（20分）
Passage 1
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A
Passage 2
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.B
七、阅读简答（10分）
1. Plants and animals are important to nature.
2. They need sun and water to grow.
3. They provide food and oxygen for us.
4. Because many wild living things are in danger and they keep nature balanced.
5. We can plant more trees, save water and be kind to all living things.
八、信息归纳（5分）
1. amazing 2. water 3. fresh 4. balanced 5. nature
九、书面表达参考范文（15分）
Amazing Nature
Nature is full of amazing plants and animals. Plants grow with sun and water. They make fresh air and bring us beauty. Wild animals live in forests and rivers. They help keep nature balanced. All living things are important to our world. We should protect them, save water and plant more trees. It is our duty to love and protect our wonderful nature.
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