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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2026 - 2027学年八年级英语上册单元全真模拟培优卷人教版（新教材）
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
注意事项：
1．本试卷共七大题，满分120分（不含听力口语30分），考试用时100分钟；
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在相对应的位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题。
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Do you know that some plants can “eat” animals The Venus flytrap (捕蝇草) is one of the 1 amazing plants in the world. It grows in wetlands in North and South Carolina, USA．
The Venus flytrap has special leaves that look 2 mouths. When an insect or a small spider touches the tiny hairs inside the leaf, the leaf 3 shut in less than a second. Then the plant slowly “eats” the insect. It takes about 5 to 12 days 4 the meal.
Why does this plant eat insects It grows in poor soil 5 doesn’t get enough nutrients (营养). By eating insects, it gets the nitrogen (氮) it 6 to grow.
This plant is not only amazing but also 7 . There are fewer Venus flytraps in the wild today because people pick them and their living places are 8 . Some scientists say they are 9 danger. So if you see one in the wild, remember to look but not 10 !
1．A．many B．more C．most D．much
2．A．at B．like C．for D．after
3．A．opens B．walks C．stays D．snaps
4．A．to finish B．finish C．finishing D．finished
5．A．but B．or C．and D．so
6．A．needs B．protects C．changes D．imagines
7．A．boring B．endangered C．excited D．dangerous
8．A．appearing B．disappearing C．growing D．arriving
9．A．on B．at C．in D．under
10．A．water B．eat C．touch D．pick
第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Do you like to watch animals outside your window Maybe you can make your yard a place for animals to visit. You just need to know what makes a good habitat (栖息地). Then you need to make some careful plans for your yard.
First, animals need food. You can grow trees that have nuts (坚果) and fruits because birds and squirrels like them. You can grow flowers because bees and butterflies like them. You can also put some food like bread for animals in your yard.
Second, _________. They drink water and also take a bath in the water. You can build a small pond (水池) in the yard. Change the water regularly so that the water won’t get dirty. Soon, you will see birds, squirrels or some small animals come to drink water.
Third, animals need safe places. They need to hide from people or other animals when they get scared. Trees and tall grass are good places to hide. You can also make some places for animals to hide.
Last, animals need homes for their babies. They need to build nests, lay eggs and take care of babies. Birds make their nests in trees. Rabbits make their homes in underground holes. You can also build or buy a home for animals, for example, a bird house.
11．According to the passage, you can grow flowers in the yard because________.
A．they can turn into good fruits B．some animals rest under them
C．they make your yard beautiful D．they are some animals’ food
12．What can we put in “_________”
A．animals need care B．animals need water
C．animals need fresh air D．animals need a good rest
13．Which picture shows the meaning of the underlined word “nests”
A． B． C． D．
14．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
15．What’s the best title for the passage
A．How to Make Your Yard Clean B．How to Make Your Yard for Plants
C．How to Make Your Yard Beautiful D．How to Make Your Yard for Animals
B
When we get wet, we need a towel (毛巾) to get ourselves dry. When a dog gets wet, all it needs to do is to shake its body. A study shows that a wet dog can shake off half the water on its body in less than a second. In fact, this common act of a dog works even better than a washing machine. The efficiency (效率) of this process has given engineers the idea to design better mechanical drying systems.
The study has found that animal shaking begins with the head and ends with the tail. During a shake, the animal’s head, skin and fur all move in a coordinated (协调的) way. Smaller animals shake faster than bigger ones. For example, in one second, a mouse can shake 18 times, a dog 6 times, and a bear only 4 times. Bigger animals are heavier and have greater inertia (惯性), so they only need to shake a few times to get dry.
For animals, shaking is not just about getting desiccated, but it’s often a matter of living. Being wet makes animals heavier and makes their body temperatures low, making it harder to run or get away from danger. In the wild, the ability to move quickly can decide whether an animal lives or dies. That’s why the “wet-dog shake” is so common among many animals. Even animals like rats, squirrels and some birds use similar ways to stay dry, light and safe.
16．What does a wet dog need to do to get dry
A．Use a towel like humans. B．Shake its body.
C．Lie in the sun. D．Ask other animals for help.
17．How many times can a mouse shake in one second
A．4 times. B．6 times. C．12 times. D．18 times.
18．Why do smaller animals shake faster
A．Because they want to look more active. B．Because they have less inertia.
C．Because they are stronger. D．Because their fur is shorter.
19．What does the underlined word “desiccated” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Small. B．Cool. C．Dry. D．Nice.
20．Which is the best title for the text
A．How to Dry a Wet Dog B．The Wonderful “Wet-Dog Shake”
C．Animals and Their Different Skills D．The Invention of the Washing Machine
C
The Amazing Hummingbird
The hummingbird is one of the smallest birds in the world. But don’t let its size fool you — it is also one of the most amazing!
Hummingbirds are the only birds that can fly backwards. They can also fly up, down, and even hover (悬停) in one place. Their wings beat very fast — about 50 to 80 times per second! This makes a humming sound, which gives them their name.
Because they fly so fast, hummingbirds need a lot of energy. They eat about half their body weight in nectar (花蜜) every day. To get the nectar, they use their long, thin beaks (喙) to reach deep into flowers. While they drink, pollen (花粉) sticks to their heads and is carried to the next flower. In this way, hummingbirds help plants reproduce (繁殖).
Hummingbirds can be found only in the Americas, from Alaska to Chile. There are over 300 different kinds. The smallest is the bee hummingbird, which is only about 5 centimeters long and weighs less than 2 grams.
Today, some hummingbirds are losing their homes because forests are being cut down. Scientists worry that some kinds may disappear in the future. Protecting these tiny birds means protecting the flowers and trees they depend on.
21．What makes the hummingbird special among birds
A．It is the largest bird. B．It can fly backwards.
C．It cannot fly in the rain. D．It only eats insects.
22．Why do hummingbirds make a humming sound
A．Because they sing while flying. B．Because their wings beat very fast.
C．Because they have special voices. D．Because they fly close to the ground.
23．How much nectar does a hummingbird eat each day
A．About one quarter of its body weight. B．About half of its body weight.
C．About all of its body weight. D．About twice its body weight.
24．How do hummingbirds help plants
A．They eat harmful insects. B．They carry pollen between flowers.
C．They water the flowers. D．They plant seeds.
25．What is one danger that hummingbirds face today
A．They have no food to eat. B．They are losing their natural homes.
C．They cannot fly fast enough. D．There are too many of them.
D
Have you ever seen a plant that “cries” The telegraph plant (电报树) is one example. Its leaves move so quickly that they look like they are sending a message!
The telegraph plant, also called the “dancing plant”, is native to Asia. Its leaves are made up of three parts. The two side leaflets (小叶) move up and down in a circle every few minutes, especially when the temperature is warm or when there is strong sunlight. Scientists think this movement helps the plant get more sunlight and avoid overheating.
Another amazing plant is the sensitive plant (含羞草). When you touch its leaves, they fold up and droop (下垂) as if they are shy. This movement happens very fast — within seconds! It is a way for the plant to protect itself from animals that might want to eat it.
Both the telegraph plant and the sensitive plant show that plants are not as simple as they seem. They can “feel” and respond (回应) to their environment. Next time you pass by a plant, remember: it might be more active than you think!
26．Why is the telegraph plant also called the “dancing plant”
A．Because it dances with music. B．Because its leaves move like dancing.
C．Because it grows very fast. D．Because it has beautiful flowers.
27．What happens to the telegraph plant’s side leaflets on warm days
A．They stop moving. B．They fall off.
C．They move up and down. D．They turn yellow.
28．Why do scientists think the telegraph plant moves its leaves
A．To catch insects. B．To get more sunlight and avoid overheating.
C．To scare away animals. D．To spread its seeds.
29．When you touch a sensitive plant, what happens
A．Its leaves fold up. B．Its flowers open.
C．It grows taller. D．It changes color.
30．What do both the telegraph plant and the sensitive plant have in common
A．They both eat insects. B．They both live in cold places.
C．They both can respond to their environment. D．They both have very large leaves.
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you believe that chimpanzees (黑猩猩) are as clever as people Well, they may not be able to read or write, but they can use tools and talk to each other using their own language.
31 They get a long piece of grass and put it into an ant nest (巢穴). Ants, not being as clever as chimpanzees, start to climb up the grass. 32
Chimpanzees also have feelings. “ 33 They are like humans in many ways,” says Dr Jane Goodall, a British scientist who has studied chimpanzees for over 40 years.
Dr Goodall has seen many examples of chimpanzees acting like people. One day, she was watching chimpanzees in the Gombe Forest of Tanzania. 34 They were doing this to tell chimpanzees nearby that they had found lots of fruit and wanted to share the food.
35 “When a chimpanzee’s friends are in danger, it’ll save them,” says Dr Goodall.
A．They usually use tools to eat ants.
B．They love each other and love sharing.
C．They like eating different kinds of food.
D．Chimpanzees run away when there’s danger.
E．Chimpanzees also look after each other when they are in danger.
F．When there are enough ants on the grass, the chimpanzees eat them.
G．Suddenly, some chimpanzees started shouting and hitting the trees with their hands.
第四部分 词汇运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
36．The peony is a ________ (象征) of Luoyang. You can come to see it in spring.
37．Although ants have ________ (微小的) bodies, they can move heavy things together.
38．All of them went to the park ________ (除了) Mary because she was ill.
39．She is such a ____________ (活泼的) girl that she never feels tired with different kinds of activities.
40．It’s important to ________ (交流) face to face sometimes.
41．The park is c________ with tourists in summer holidays.
42．In order to protect their c________, they try their best to keep their traditions alive.
43．We often c________ our school life with our parents’.
44．The two girls have s________ hobbies; they both love drawing.
45．The basket is strong enough for a child to sit upon w________ dropping.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
they home although live except popular important be weigh shoot
Bamboo and redwood trees are two special plants in the world. They are very important to nature and humans.
Bamboo is a(n) 46 plant that grows very fast. Some bamboo can grow almost one metre in a day. People use bamboo to make many things, such as furniture (家具), paper and even houses. In some places, people eat bamboo 47 as a dish. They have a pleasant taste. Bamboo is also very strong, 48 it’s light. A long piece of bamboo 49 much less than a piece of wood of the same size. Some animals, like pandas, eat bamboo as food.
Redwood trees are some of the tallest and oldest trees on earth. 50 for a few other types (种类), no trees are as tall as redwood trees. Some redwood trees can live up to over 2,000 years! These trees 51 very important because they help clean the air. They’re also 52 to birds and other animals. People use redwoods to build houses and make furniture because they are strong and last a long time.
People should protect these plants because of their 53 to the ecosystem. Imagine a world without 54 ! Animals and humans would lose valuable resources (宝贵的资源). Bamboo and redwood trees are 55 plants that make our world more beautiful. We must take good care of them.
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you know that some animals are 56 (smart) than we think Take the dolphin for example. Dolphins can communicate with each other using sounds. They even have their own “names” — each dolphin 57 (have) a special whistle (口哨声) that is different from others’.
Yesterday, I 58 (watch) a documentary about octopuses (章鱼). I was 59 (surprise) to learn that an octopus has three hearts and blue blood! It is one of 60 (intelligent) animals in the ocean. An octopus can solve puzzles, open jars, and even escape from small spaces.
Plants can be amazing, too. The giant bamboo is one of the 61 (fast) growing plants in the world. It can grow up to 1 meter per day! 62 , bamboo is not a tree — it is a type of grass.
Plants and animals 63 (connect) to each other in many ways. For example, bees help flowers reproduce 64 carrying pollen (花粉). Without bees, many plants would not be able to grow. That’s 65 it is important to protect all living things.
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容用完整的英语句子回答下列问题。
The Oldest Living Things on Earth
Have you ever wondered what the oldest living things on Earth are It might surprise you to know that they are not animals — they are trees!
One of the oldest known living trees is a bristlecone pine (狐尾松) in California, USA．Scientists call it “Methuselah”. It is about 4,800 years old! That means it was already growing when the pyramids (金字塔) in Egypt were being built. This tree has survived extreme (极端的) weather, including very cold winters and dry summers. It grows very slowly, which makes its wood very hard and dense (紧密的).
Another very old living thing is the Pando aspen (白杨) forest in Utah, USA．Pando is not just one tree — it is a group of about 40,000 trees that all grow from one single root system (根系). Scientists say Pando is about 80,000 years old, making it one of the oldest living things on Earth. The trees all have the same genes (基因) because they come from the same parent plant.
These old trees remind us that nature can be incredibly strong and long-lasting. But they also face dangers today. Climate change and forest fires are putting them at risk. Scientists are working hard to protect these ancient living things.
66．What is the name of the oldest known living tree mentioned in the passage
67．How old is Methuselah
68．Why is the wood of the bristlecone pine very hard and dense
69．What is Pando and how old is it
70．What dangers do these old trees face today
书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
71．人和动物共同生活在这个美丽的地球上，互相影响，互相依存。某英文报正在举办以“Saving wild animals”为主题的征文活动，请写一篇英语短文投稿。
提示：
1. What danger do wild animals face
2. Why do we have to protect wild animals
3. As students, what action can we take to protect wild animals
要求：
1. 包括提示中所有信息，并适当发挥；
2. 词数70左右 (开头不计入总词数)。
Saving Wild Animals
Humans live together with wild animals on earth, but many of them are in danger.
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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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参考答案及试题解析
1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．D
【导语】短文介绍捕蝇草的外形特征、捕食昆虫的过程、捕食昆虫的原因，说明其野外种群濒危的现状，呼吁人们野外遇见捕蝇草只观赏不采摘。
【解析】1．句意：捕蝇草是世界上最令人惊奇的植物之一。
根据固定句式“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，此处需要形容词最高级；most“最”构成最高级形式，符合语法规则。
2．句意：捕蝇草长有特殊的叶片，看起来像嘴巴。
根据句中“look”和后文“mouths”的类比关系，固定搭配look like意为“看起来像”；like“像”，符合语境。
3．句意：当一只昆虫或小蜘蛛触碰到叶片内侧的细毛时，叶片会在不到一秒的时间内猛地闭合。
根据“in less than a second”可知，叶片会快速闭合；snaps“猛地合上”，符合捕蝇草的捕食动作。
4．句意：它大约需要5到12天来完成这一次进食。
固定句型It takes some time to do sth.表示“花费多长时间做某事”，it为形式主语，需要动词不定式to finish“完成”作真正的主语。
5．句意：它生长在贫瘠的土壤里，无法获取充足的养分。
前后两个分句是顺承并列的事实关系，土壤贫瘠、养分不足是同时存在的情况；and“并且”，符合并列逻辑。
6．句意：通过捕食昆虫，它能获取生长所需要的氮元素。
根据前文土壤贫瘠缺养分的背景，氮是捕蝇草生长必需的物质；needs“需要”，符合生长需求的语境。
7．句意：这种植物不仅奇特，而且濒临灭绝。
根据后文“There are fewer Venus flytraps in the wild today”野外数量变少的描述，可知它处于濒危状态；endangered“濒危的”，呼应后文种群减少的现状；boring“无聊的”，excited“兴奋的”，dangerous“危险的”，均无法对应数量锐减的情况。
8．句意：如今野外的捕蝇草越来越少，因为人们采摘它们，而且它们的栖息地正在消失。
根据前文野外数量下降的事实，生存环境不断遭到破坏；disappearing“消失”，契合栖息地被破坏的现状；appearing“出现”，growing“生长”，arriving“到来”，语义和原文趋势相反。
9．句意：一些科学家表示它们正处于危险之中。
固定短语in danger“处于危险中”，此处介词用in。
10．句意：所以如果你在野外看到一株捕蝇草，记住只观赏不要采摘！
前文“because people pick them”点明人类采摘是种群减少的核心原因，结尾呼吁禁止该破坏行为；pick“采摘”，和前文致危行为直接呼应。
11．D 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了打造适合动物栖息的庭院的四种方法，分别从食物、水源、安全躲藏处、繁育巢穴四个方面讲解如何把自家庭院变成动物栖息地。
【解析】11．原文第二段：You can grow flowers because bees and butterflies like them，花朵可以给蜜蜂、蝴蝶提供食物，因此种花的原因是花朵可以作为一些动物的食物，选D。
12．空格后文：They drink water and also take a bath in the water. You can build a small pond in the yard，整段都在讲述动物需要水源，因此横线处填“animals need water”，选B。
13．划线单词nests意为“巢穴、鸟窝”，文中提到鸟儿在树上筑巢，C选项图片是鸟巢，对应单词含义，选C。
14．文章结构：第一段总起，引出要规划庭院打造动物栖息地；第二、第三、第四、第五段分别从食物、水源、藏身地、巢穴四个分点并列阐述，属于总分结构，P1总领，P2-P5并列分述，对应A结构图，选A。
15．全文围绕如何改造庭院，给动物打造栖息地展开，A整理庭院卫生、B为植物改造庭院、C美化庭院均偏离主旨，D“如何把庭院改造成动物栖息地”贴合全文，选D。
16．B 17．D 18．B 19．C 20．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了动物沾水后甩干身体这一行为，说明了狗狗甩水的效率、不同体型动物甩动速度差异、甩干身体对动物生存的重要意义，还提及该原理启发工程师研发干燥设备。
【解析】16．文章第1段“When a dog gets wet, all it needs to do is to shake its body.”表明湿狗想要变干只需要晃动身体。
17．文章第2段“For example, in one second, a mouse can shake 18 times, a dog 6 times, and a bear only 4 times.”表明老鼠一秒甩动18次。
18．文章第2段“Bigger animals are heavier and have greater inertia (惯性), so they only need to shake a few times to get dry.”表明较大的动物更重，惯性更大，所以它们只需要摇晃几次就能变干。反向推导，小型动物惯性更小，因此甩动速度更快。
19．文章第3段“For animals, shaking is not just about getting desiccated, but it’s often a matter of living. Being wet makes animals heavier and makes their body temperatures low...”表明动物摇晃是为了摆脱潮湿，变得干燥，desiccated意为“干燥的”。
20．通读全文，文章主要介绍了动物（尤其是狗）通过摇晃身体甩掉水分的现象、原理及其对生存的重要性，核心话题是“湿狗摇晃”。选项B最能概括全文主旨。
21．B 22．B 23．B 24．B 25．B
【导语】文章介绍蜂鸟，它是世界上体型最小的鸟类之一，拥有独特飞行本领，依靠花蜜为食，帮助植物繁殖，仅分布于美洲，如今森林砍伐正威胁它们的生存。
【解析】21．根据原文第二段“Hummingbirds are the only birds that can fly backwards.”，蜂鸟的特别之处是可以向后飞。
22．根据原文第二段“Their wings beat very fast — about 50 to 80 times per second! This makes a humming sound, which gives them their name.”，蜂鸟发出嗡嗡声是因为翅膀扇动速度极快。
23．根据原文第三段“They eat about half their body weight in nectar every day.”，蜂鸟每天食用大约相当于自身一半体重的花蜜。
24．根据原文第三段“While they drink, pollen sticks to their heads and is carried to the next flower. In this way, hummingbirds help plants reproduce.”，蜂鸟在花朵之间传播花粉，帮助植物繁衍。
25．根据原文第五段“Today, some hummingbirds are losing their homes because forests are being cut down.”，蜂鸟如今面临的一大危险是正在失去天然栖息地。
26．B 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了两种特殊的、具备特殊应激反应的植物——电报树（跳舞植物）和含羞草，说明了植物并非看起来那么简单，它们能够感知并对外界环境做出回应，展现出植物的特殊活力与特性。
【解析】26．文章第二段提到“The telegraph plant, also called the ‘dancing plant’, is native to Asia... The two side leaflets move up and down in a circle every few minutes”，可知电报树被称为“跳舞植物”是因为它的叶子会上下移动，类似跳舞。
27．根据第二段“The two side leaflets move up and down in a circle every few minutes, especially when the temperature is warm”，可知温暖天气里电报树的侧生小叶会上下移动。
28．第二段最后一句明确提到“Scientists think this movement helps the plant get more sunlight and avoid overheating”，科学家认为电报树移动叶子是为了获取更多阳光、避免过热。
29．第三段指出“When you touch its leaves, they fold up and droop as if they are shy”，触碰含羞草时它的叶子会闭合下垂。
30．文章最后一段总结“Both the telegraph plant and the sensitive plant... They can ‘feel’ and respond to their environment”，可知这两种植物的共同点是都能对环境作出反应。
31．A 32．F 33．B 34．G 35．E
【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了黑猩猩拥有高智商，会使用工具、拥有丰富情感，通过简·古道尔博士多年观察实例，展现黑猩猩和人类诸多相似之处。
【解析】31．根据后文“They get a long piece of grass and put it into an ant nest.”可知，本段讲述黑猩猩借助草杆捕捉蚂蚁，对应使用工具觅食。A选项“They usually use tools to eat ants.”总起本段，引出下文抓蚂蚁的操作。
32．根据前文“Ants...start to climb up the grass.”可知蚂蚁顺着草杆爬上来，F选项“When there are enough ants on the grass, the chimpanzees eat them.”承接上文，说明蚂蚁数量足够后黑猩猩进食，逻辑完整。
33．根据本段主旨“Chimpanzees also have feelings.”以及后文“They are like humans in many ways”，此处需要体现黑猩猩的情感特点。B选项“They love each other and love sharing.”体现友爱、乐于分享的情感，贴合段落主题。
34．根据后文“They were doing this to tell chimpanzees nearby that they had found lots of fruit...”可知“this”指代前文某个动作，G选项“Suddenly, some chimpanzees started shouting and hitting the trees with their hands.”描述黑猩猩喊叫、拍打树木的行为，对应后文告知同伴找到食物的动作。
35．根据后文“When a chimpanzee’s friends are in danger, it’ll save them”，本段讲述黑猩猩危难时互相救助。E选项“Chimpanzees also look after each other when they are in danger.”总起该段，引出后文救助同伴的例子。
36．symbol
【解析】句意：牡丹是洛阳的一个象征，你可以春天来观赏它。空格前“a”后面接单数名词，中文提示“象征”对应的英文单词是“symbol”。
37．tiny
【解析】句意：虽然蚂蚁有着微小的身体，但它们一起能够搬运沉重的东西。空格位于名词bodies之前，需要填入一个形容词作定语来修饰名词。根据中文提示“微小的”，对应的英语单词是tiny，强调“微小”，符合语境中蚂蚁身体极小与力量极大的对比。
38．except
【解析】句意：他们所有人都去公园了，除了玛丽，因为她生病了。except表示“除……之外（不包含在内）”，符合玛丽没有去公园的语境。故填except。
39．lively
【解析】句意：她是一个如此活泼的女孩，参与各类活动从来不会觉得疲惫。根据汉语提示可知，lively“活泼的”，是形容词；固定句式“such a+形容词+单数名词+that从句”表示“如此……以至于……”，此处用形容词作定语修饰名词，故填lively。
40．communicate
【解析】句意：有时候面对面交流是很重要的。 固定句型It’s + adj. + to do sth.，to后需要使用动词原形，中文提示“交流”对应的单词是communicate。
41．crowded/rowded
【解析】句意：暑假期间这个公园挤满了游客。根据“with tourists in summer holidays”可知公园里挤满了游客，固定搭配be crowded with，表示“挤满……”。
42．culture/ulture
【解析】 句意：为了保护他们的文化，他们尽最大努力保持传统活力。根据“keep their traditions alive”以及首字母提示可知是保护他们的文化，culture表示“文化”，此处是不可数名词。
43．compare/ompare
【解析】句意：我们经常把我们的校园生活和父母的校园生活作比较。根据首字母提示和“our school life with our parents’”可知，此处表示把我们的校园生活和父母的校园生活作比较。动词compare“比较”符合语境。often是一般现在时的标志词，主语we为复数，动词用原形compare。
44．similar/imilar
【解析】句意：这两个女孩有着相似的爱好，她们都喜欢画画。形容词修饰名词hobbies，similar意为“相似的”，根据后半句两人都喜爱画画的语境，结合首字母s，similar符合语法和语义要求。
45．without/ithout
【解析】句意：这个篮子足够结实，孩子坐在上面不会掉落。句中空格后接动名词dropping，结合首字母w提示，without表示“没有、不”，符合介词后跟动名词。
46．lively 47．shoots 48．although 49．weighs 50．Except 51．are 52．home 53．importance 54．them 55．popular
【导语】本文主要介绍了竹子与红杉两种特殊植物的特点、用途及生态价值，呼吁人们保护它们。
【解析】46．句意：竹子是一种生长速度非常快的生机勃勃的植物。后面说竹子生长很快，此处应该表示有活力，生机勃勃，修饰名词plant需要使用形容词，live的形容词形式lively，表示“生机勃勃的”，符合语境。
47．句意：在一些地方，人们把竹笋作为一道菜肴食用。bamboo shoots是固定表达，意为“竹笋”，此处使用shoot的复数形式shoots表示一类事物。
48．句意：竹子十分坚固，尽管它很轻便。although引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然”，用来体现坚固与轻便之间的转折关系。
49．句意：一根长竹子的重量远小于同等大小的木头。此处将竹子和木头的重量进行比较，主语A long piece of bamboo为单数，时态为一般现在时，weigh表示“称重，重量为”，动词使用第三人称单数形式weighs。
50．句意：除少数其他树种之外，没有树木能和红杉一样高大。此处表示将少数树种排除在外，except意为“除……之外”，放在句首首字母大写，符合句子逻辑。
51．句意：这些树木十分重要，因为它们有助于净化空气。空后是形容词，此处需要be动词，主语These trees是复数，一般现在时，be动词选用are。
52．句意：它们同样也是鸟类和其他动物的家园。树木是鸟类和其他动物的家园，be home to…是固定搭配，表示“是……的栖息地/家园”，home符合语境。
53．句意：人们应当保护这些植物，因为它们对生态系统十分重要。此处表达植物的重要性，形容词性物主代词their后需要接名词，important的名词形式importance，表示“重要性”。
54．句意：试想一个没有它们的世界！此处需要一个代词代指植物，介词without后用人称代词宾格，they的宾格形式them，指代前文的竹子和红杉。
55．句意：竹子和红杉是广受喜爱的植物，让我们的世界更加美丽。后面提到竹子和红衫让世界更美丽，此处应表达受欢迎和喜爱，修饰名词plants使用形容词，popular意为“受欢迎的，广受喜爱的”，贴合文意。
56．smarter 57．has 58．watched 59．surprised 60．the most intelligent 61．fastest 62．However 63．are connected 64．by 65．why
【导语】本文介绍部分动物比人类想象的更聪明，以海豚、章鱼为例；又介绍巨型竹子生长速度惊人，但它属于草而非树；最后点明植物与动物以多种方式相互联系，因此保护所有生物十分重要。
【解析】56．句意：你知道有些动物比我们想象的更聪明吗。 根据原文“some animals are…than we think”，出现比较级标志词than，smart的比较级为smarter意为“更聪明的”。
57．句意：它们甚至拥有自己的“名字”——每一头海豚都有专属的、区别于其他海豚的口哨声。 根据原文“each dolphin…a special whistle”，主语each dolphin是单数，全文为一般现在时，谓语动词用has意为“有”。
58．句意：昨天，我看了一部关于章鱼的纪录片。 根据原文“Yesterday, I…a documentary about octopuses”，时间标志词Yesterday表示过去，watch过去式watched意为“观看”。
59．句意：得知章鱼有三颗心脏、蓝色血液，我感到很惊讶。 根据原文“I was…to learn that an octopus has three hearts and blue blood”，修饰人用surprised意为“感到惊讶的”。
60．句意：它是海洋里最聪明的动物之一。 根据原文“It is one of…animals in the ocean”，固定结构one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，intelligent最高级the most intelligent意为“最聪明的”。
61．句意：巨型竹子是世界上生长速度最快的植物之一。 根据原文“The giant bamboo is one of the…growing plants in the world”，one of后接形容词最高级，fast最高级fastest意为“最快的”。
62．句意：然而，竹子并不是树，它是一种草。 根据前文“它每天可以长1米”，后文否定它是树，前后语义转折，However意为“然而”，位于句首首字母大写。
63．句意：植物和动物以很多方式相互联系。 根据原文“Plants and animals…to each other in many ways”，主语Plants and animals和connect是被动关系，一般现在时被动语态are connected意为“被联系”。
64．句意：例如，蜜蜂通过携带花粉帮助花朵繁殖。 根据原文“bees help flowers reproduce…carrying pollen”，by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”，by引出方式手段。
65．句意：这就是为什么保护所有生物很重要。 根据原文“That’s…it is important to protect all living things”，That’s why…意为“这就是为什么……”，why引导表语从句。
66．Its name is Methuselah./It is called Methuselah. 67．It is about 4,800 years old. 68．It is very hard and dense because it grows very slowly. 69．Pando is a group of about 40,000 trees that grow from one single root system. It is about 80,000 years old. 70．Climate change and forest fires are putting them at risk./They face dangers from climate change and forest fires.
【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍地球上最古老的生物——古树，分别讲解了狐尾松Methuselah和潘多白杨林，以及古树如今面临的生存威胁。
【解析】66．原文第二段“Scientists call it ‘Methuselah’.”直接给出这棵古老狐尾松的名字，用完整句子作答。
67．原文第二段“It is about 4,800 years old!”提取对应年龄信息，构成完整答句。
68．原文第二段“It grows very slowly, which makes its wood very hard and dense.”说明生长缓慢是木质坚硬紧密的原因。
69．原文第三段介绍Pando是美国犹他州的白杨林，由同一根系的约4万棵树组成，距今约8万年，整合信息写出完整句子。
70．原文第四段“Climate change and forest fires are putting them at risk.”点明古树面临的两大威胁是面临气候变化和森林火灾的威胁。
71．例文
Saving Wild Animals
Humans live together with wild animals on earth, but many of them are in danger.
Many wild animals lose their warm homes because of serious deforestation and terrible water pollution. Some rare animals are even hunted illegally by bad people. Protecting wild animals is really important because they help keep the perfect balance of nature. As students, we can refuse wildlife products, plant more trees for animals and tell our families and friends to protect wild creatures together.
Let’s act now to save wild animals.
【解析】写作步骤：
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：议论文，以一般现在时为主
明确要点：引入保护野生动物的话题，分析濒危原因 ，论述保护意义，列举行动方式，号召大家立刻行动
确定人称：以第三人称和第一人称为主
注意事项：词数70左右
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：引入保护野生动物的话题
主体段：分析濒危原因 ，论述保护意义，列举行动方式
结尾段：号召大家立刻行动
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：处于危险中
核心表达：in danger/in danger of dying out等
要点二：分析濒危原因
核心表达：because of deforestation and pollution/cut down too many trees/destroy their living places/hunt wild animals illegally for money.等
要点三：保护野生动物的意义
意义：keep the balance of nature/live in peace/the environment will be broken/play an important part in nature等
行动方式： refuse to buy products made from wild animals and spread the importance of protecting them/learn more knowledge about wild animals/stop people from hunting wild animals illegally等
要点四：号召大家立刻行动
核心表达：Let’s act now to save wild animals/It’s time for us to take action/Let’s act at once to save wild animals.等
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