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新人教版七年级上册
Unit 1 The Changing World Section A 要点全解
1. It took half a day to reach the town. 到达镇上花费半天时间。
(1) It takes (sb) some time to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）一段时间。
其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式(短语)。
It took us three hours to repair the bike.
我们花了三个小时修理这辆自行车。
拓展
“It takes sb some time to do sth”可以转换成“人 + spend(s) + 时间 + doing sth”或“人 + spend(s) + 时间 + on sth”结构。
It took me three days to finish the work.
= I spent three days finishing the work.
= I spent three days on the work.
我花了三天时间完成了这项工作。
根据汉语意思完成句子。
咨询师Linda花了两个小时跟Andy沟通。
________ the counselor Linda two hours ________ with Andy.
答案：It took；to communicate
(2) 辨析：reach，arrive与get
三者均有“到达”之意，但用法不同。
reach 及物动词 reach + 地点名词
arrive 不及物动词 arrive in + 大地点；arrive at + 小地点
get 不及物动词 get to + 地点名词
Jack will reach Paris tomorrow. 杰克明天将到达巴黎。
They arrived in London last night. 昨晚他们到达了伦敦。
He arrived at the park early. 他早早就到公园了。
You should get to the station before 8:00 a.m. 你应该在上午8点前到达车站。
注意
当arrive和get后接地点副词here，there，home等时，地点副词前不加介词。
My father arrives/gets home at five o'clock every day. 我爸爸每天五点钟到家。
习题
—When will Mr Green ________ Beijing
—In a week.
A. reach B. get C. arrive D. come
解析
reach是及物动词，后面直接接地点名词；get表示“到达”时是不及物动词，其后要接to再接地点名词；arrive是不及物动词，表示到达大地方时应加介词in，到达小地方时应加介词at；come是不及物动词，不能直接跟宾语。由题干中空格后的地点名词Beijing可知选reach。
答案：A
2 Going to school by bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads. 坐公共汽车上学，在崎岖的路上花费将近40分钟。
(1)动名词(短语)作主语
going to school by bus是动名词短语，在句中作主语。单个动名词(短语)作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
Reading English every morning helps improve your pronunciation.
每天早上读英语有助于提高你的发音水平。
Helping others makes the world warmer.
帮助他人让世界更温暖。
真题链接
— Using public chopsticks ____ necessary when eating with others.
— That's right.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
解析：动名词短语Using public chopsticks作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式；本句阐述客观必要性，用一般现在时。
答案：A
(2) over 〔介词〕
① 穿越；从一边到另一边
They ran over the grass. 他们跑过草地。
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。
② 多于，超过，相当于more than
There are over forty students in his class.
他班里有40多名学生。
3 They used to have to travel far to see a doctor. 他们过去得去很远的地方看医生。
辨析：used to do sth, be used to do sth 与 be used to doing sth
used to do sth 过去(常常)做某事 人或物，表示过去经常发生的动作
be used to do sth 被用来做某事 多为物，强调被使用的用途，与be used for doing sth同义
be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 人或物，表示过去或现在的习惯性动作，与get used to doing sth同义
He used to be very shy and afraid to speak in public.
他以前很害羞，不敢在公众面前讲话。
This big hall is used to hold different kinds of school activities.
这个大厅被用来举办各种学校活动。
My uncle is used to walking for an hour after dinner every day.
我叔叔习惯每天晚饭后散步一小时。
4 The hills were covered with sand. 山上覆盖着沙子。
be covered with… 被……覆盖，被动形式，主动形式为cover…with… “用……覆盖……”。
The ground is covered with thick white snow in winter.
冬天，地面被厚厚的白雪覆盖着。
Please cover the food with a clean cloth before you leave.
在你离开之前，请用一块干净的布盖住食物。
拓展 cover
①〔及物动词〕覆盖
Thick glass covers the top of the building.
厚厚的玻璃覆盖着这座建筑物的顶部。
②〔及物动词〕报道，电视报道
The journalist is covering the international sports meeting.
这位记者正在报道国际运动会。
③〔可数名词〕封面；罩子
I like the book because its cover is very beautiful.
我喜欢这本书，因为它的封面很漂亮。
真题链接
根据汉语意思完成句子。
20世纪40年代，毛乌素沙漠完全被黄沙覆盖。
In the 1940s, the Mu Us Desert was fully ____ ____ barren sand.
解析：表示“被……覆盖”，用be covered with。
答案：covered with
5 water shortage 水资源短缺
shortage 〔名词〕短缺；不足；缺少
the shortage of…… ……的短缺/不足
Many people are worried about food shortage in the future.
很多人担心未来会出现食物短缺。
The shortage of doctors has become a big problem.
医生短缺已经成为一个大问题。
6 lack of technology 技术缺乏
lack
①〔名词〕缺乏；不足
a lack of…… ……的缺乏
A lack of sleep is bad for your health.
睡眠不足对你的健康有害。
②〔及物动词〕缺乏；没有
They lack the experience to finish the task.
他们缺乏完成这项任务的经验。
7 There used to be sandstorms all the time, and the fields were getting smaller and smaller. 过去一直有沙尘暴，而且田地变得越来越小。
比较级+and+比较级：越来越……
通过在单词前加more构成的比较级，用“more and more + 形容词/副词原级”表示“越来越……”。
If we protect the environment, the air will become fresher and fresher.
如果我们保护环境，空气将会变得越来越清新。
The boy is doing his homework better and better.
这个男孩做作业做得越来越好。
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.
我们的城市正变得越来越美丽。
真题链接
Fast walking is becoming ____ according to the recent survey.
A. popular and popular
B. more popular and more popular
C. popularer and popularer
D. more and more popular
解析：popular为多音节形容词，比较级为more popular；more and more+原级，表示“越来越……”。
答案：D
8 They began planting it in sandy areas, with the government's support. 在政府的支持下，他们开始在沙地里种植这种灌木。
(1)sandy 〔形容词〕铺满沙子的；含沙的
People here used to live in sandy areas and lead a hard life.
这里的人们过去生活在多沙地区，过着艰苦的生活。
The soil here is very sandy, so it is not easy to grow plants.
这里的土壤多沙，所以不容易种植植物。
(2) support
①〔不可数名词〕支持；帮助
give support to sb 给予某人支持
in support of 支持……
We should give support to children in need.
我们应该给有需要的孩子们提供支持。
We held a meeting in support of environmental protection.
我们举行了一次会议支持环境保护。
②〔及物动词〕支持
support sb in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上支持某人
Our teachers always support us in our after school activities.
我们的老师总是在课外活动方面支持我们。
③〔及物动词〕抚养；赡养；支撑
It's their duty to work hard and support their families.
努力工作、养家糊口是他们的责任。
真题链接
Butterflies not only look beautiful but also s____ plant growth. It's important to protect them.
解析：结合句意，此处表达“支持植物生长”，一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。
答案：support
9 Have there been any other changes 还有其他变化吗？
any other 其他的，其后常跟可数名词复数，常用于否定句或一般疑问句中。
There aren't any other students watching the match.
没有其他学生在看比赛。
Are there any other questions
有其他问题吗？
拓展 “any other +可数名词单数”意为“其他任何一个……”，常用于肯定句中。
He is more talented than any other student in his class.
他比班上其他任何一个学生都有才华。
10 Yes, we've changed the way we farm. 是的，我们改变了耕种方式。
farm
①〔动词〕种(田)；务农；养殖
They farm rice and keep some cows on their land.
他们在地里种水稻，还养了一些奶牛。
Many people here farm for a living.
这里许多人以务农为生。
②〔可数名词〕农场；农庄
on the farm 在农场上
There are many animals and plants on the big farm.
这个大农场里有许多动植物。
拓展 farmer〔可数名词〕农民；农场主
The old farmer knows how to grow crops well.
这位老农民知道怎样种好庄稼。
11 I used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm to sell at the local market. 过去我在一小块农田里种些蔬菜，拿到当地市场去卖。
动词不定式(短语)作目的状语
动词不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。可位于句首，用逗号与句子其他部分隔开，也可位于句末。
To protect the environment, we should plant more trees.
为了保护环境，我们应该种更多的树。
We will save water to make our world better.
为了让我们的世界变得更美好，我们会节约用水。
真题链接
The government is developing new plans ____ ancient buildings.
A. protect B. to protect
C. protects D. protected
解析：动词不定式作目的状语。
答案：B
12 There, I grow tons of fruit and vegetables, and sell them in large cities. 在那里，我种植大量的水果和蔬菜，并销往各大城市。
tons of 成吨的；许多；大量，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。
The factory produces tons of waste every year.
这家工厂每年产生成吨的垃圾。
There are tons of interesting places to visit in our city.
我们城市里有很多有趣的地方可以游览。
13 Our village has become a tourist attraction. 我们村已经变成了一个旅游景点。
attraction 〔名词〕向往的地方；吸引力
tourist attraction 旅游景点
the attraction of…… ……的吸引力
The Great Wall is one of the most famous tourist attractions in China.
长城是中国最著名的旅游景点之一。
The attraction of the city lies in its long history and culture.
这座城市的吸引力在于它悠久的历史和文化。
14 Have these changes greatly improved your lives 这些变化大大地改善了你们的生活吗？
greatly 〔副词〕大大地；非常；
greatly比very正式，多用于书面语修饰动词，通常位于动词之前。
The environment has greatly improved in recent years.
近年来环境大大改善了。
We were greatly moved by the story.
我们被这个故事深深打动了。
15 Together you are building a new socialist village. 你们正在共同建设一个社会主义新农村。
socialist
①〔形容词〕社会主义的
China is a great socialist country.
中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。
②〔可数名词〕社会主义者
He is a socialist who loves his country deeply.
他是一位深爱自己国家的社会主义者。
16 In your opinion, what has changed the most in your hometown over the last 10 years 在你看来，过去的10年里你的家乡变化最大的是什么？
in one's opinion 按某人的意见；在某人看来，one's用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。
In my opinion, we should protect the environment around us.
在我看来，我们应该保护我们身边的环境。
In Tom's opinion, reading is very important for students.
在汤姆看来，阅读对学生非常重要。
真题链接
____, learning to cook is a meaningful thing. (in) 在他看来，学习做饭是件有意义的事。
答案：In his opinion / In his eyes
17 They haven't seen each other for ages! 他们已经很长时间没见面了！
for ages 很久；很长时间，常与现在完成时连用，相当于for a long time。
I haven't heard from my old friend for ages.
我已经很久没有收到我老朋友的消息了。
They have worked hard to improve their hometown for ages.
他们为了改善家乡已经努力了很长时间。
18 Have you been to the new library yet 你去过新图书馆吗？
辨析：yet 与 already
yet 已经；仍然；还 用于句末；多用于疑问句或否定句，疑问句中意为“已经”，否定句中意为“还”
already 已经，早已 用于句中或句末；多用于肯定句，用于疑问句时，表示惊奇、意外
Have you cleaned your room yet
你打扫房间了吗？
They haven't come back from school yet.
他们还没有从学校回来。
He has already finished his homework.
他已经做完作业了。
Have you already known the result of the exam
你都已经知道考试结果了？（表惊奇）
19 There are sections with books about science and Chinese culture, as well as a huge section with children's books. 有关于科学和中国文化的书籍专区，还有一个很大的儿童书籍区。
as well as 也；还；并且；除……之外(还)，用来连接两个并列的成分，强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及。
He can speak English as well as French.
他会说法语，也会说英语。
She is good at playing the piano as well as singing English songs.
她擅长唱英文歌，也擅长弹钢琴。
注意：as well as连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与前面的主语保持一致。
Tom as well as his friends goes to school by bike.
汤姆和他的朋友都骑自行车上学。
真题链接
Sue as well as her parents ____(have) supper yesterday when the telephone rang.
解析：as well as连接主语，谓语和前面主语Sue保持一致；when引导时间状语从句，从句一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。
答案：was having
20 I also read some digital books on the computer. 我还在电脑上读了一些电子图书。
digital 〔形容词〕电子的；数字的；数码的
More and more people use digital products in their daily life.
越来越多的人在日常生活中使用电子产品。
The school has bought many new digital teaching tools this term.
这学期学校购买了许多新的数字教学工具。
21 My grandpa listened to some audio books because he can’t see well.
我爷爷听了一些音频书，因为他视力不好。
audio
①〔形容词〕音频的；声音的；录音的，仅在名词前作定语。
We can improve our listening skills by using audio materials every day.
通过每天使用音频材料来提高听力技能。
Many students like to learn English by listening to audio books.
许多学生喜欢通过听有声书来学习英语。
②〔名词〕音频；声音
Good audio is very important for online lessons.
良好的音频效果对网课来说非常重要。
The audio in this video is very clear.
这个视频里的声音非常清晰。
22 This made it difficult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry. 这使得当地人很难把产品运到市场，也很难发展工业。
make it +形容词(+for sb)+to do sth 使得(某人)做某事……
it为形式宾语，真正宾语是后面动词不定式。同类动词：think、find。
The use of computers has made it possible for more people to work at home.
电脑的使用让更多的人在家工作成为可能。
I think it important to protect the environment.
我认为保护环境很重要。
She finds it relaxing to listen to music after school.
她发现放学后听音乐很令人放松。
真题链接
He found ____ very interesting to visit Harbin in winter.
A. this B. that C. it
解析：it作形式宾语，真正宾语是to visit…。
答案：C
23 Now great changes have taken place. 现在已经发生了巨大的变化。
辨析：take place 与 happen
take place 多指按照计划或安排发生；举行；举办
happen 指毫无计划的突然“发生”；还可表示“碰巧”
A lot of changes have taken place in people's life recently.
最近，在人们的生活中发生了很多变化。
Many important events will take place in our city next year.
明年我们城市将举办许多重要的活动。
No one knows what will happen in the future.
没有人知道将来会发生什么。
注意：take place与happen都不用于被动语态。
24 The government has built thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads. 政府修建了数千千米的公路、铁路和宽阔的道路。
thousands of 成千上万的，数千的，许许多多的，后接可数名词复数，表示不确切数目。
语法：thousand表示确切数字不加 s，不与of连用；同类：hundred，million。
Thousands of visitors come to visit this museum every year.
每年有成千上万的游客来参观这个博物馆。
There are over two thousand students in our school.
我们学校有两千多名学生。
真题链接
During this May Day holiday, t____ of tourists came to Chengdu to watch them.
解析：thousands of 成千上万。
答案：thousands
(2) wide 〔形容词〕宽的；宽阔的；广泛的
This road is about ten metres wide.
这条路大约十米宽。
There is a wide street in front of our school.
我们学校前面有一条宽阔的街道。
English is a language with wide use around the world.
英语是在世界上广泛使用的语言。
25 As a result, the lives of local people have improved. 结果，当地人的生活得到了改善。
as a result 因此，结果
He didn't prepare for the exam. As a result, he didn't pass it.
他没有为考试做准备，结果没有及格。
拓展 as a result of… 因为/由于……，后接名词、代词，相当于because of。
As a result of the earthquake, many people became homeless.
= Because of the earthquake, many people became homeless.
由于地震，许多人变得无家可归了。
真题链接
Facial recognition technology is widely used for payment. ____, we needn't enter the passwords any more.
A. For example B. As a result
C. What's worse D. What's more
解析：前后是因果关系。
答案：B
26 They are much richer and happier than they once were. 他们比以前要富有和幸福得多。
much +比较级 ……得多，much放在比较级前加强程度。
High speed trains are much faster than traditional ones.
高铁比传统火车快得多。
Health is much more important than money.
健康比金钱重要得多。
拓展：修饰比较级还可以用 even, far, a little, a bit, a lot等。
She is a little taller than her sister.
她比她妹妹稍微高一点。
Running is a lot more relaxing than staying at home.
跑步比待在家里让人放松得多。
助记：比较级前修饰词语：两多(much,a lot)，两少(a little,a bit)，一甚至(even)，还有一个远(far)去了。
真题链接
If you learn more about safety rules, you will be much ____.
A. safe B. safer C. the safest
解析：much修饰比较级。
答案：B

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