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新人教版八年级上册
Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Section B 要点全解
1 It's almost the Spring Festival. 差不多到春节了。
almost 〔程度副词〕差不多；几乎
与 nearly 同义，常位于实义动词之前，系动词be、情态动词或助动词之后。
I almost forget to write to him.
我几乎忘记给他写信。
It was almost like a good dream.
这几乎就像一场美梦。
注意：almost 之前不可用 very, not 等词，但在 no, none, never, nothing 等否定词之前可用 almost。
There is almost nothing in the room.
房间里几乎没有东西。
2 We're going to your mum's hometown!
我们要去你妈妈的家乡！
现在进行时表示将来
现在进行时构成为：am/is/are + doing。
表示位置转移的动词，如 go, come, move, leave, arrive 等，常用现在进行时表示将来意义，表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。
They're coming back this afternoon.
他们今天下午就要回来了。
He is leaving Shanghai for Beijing.
他要离开上海去北京。
拓展：表示位置转移的动词 go, come, move, leave, arrive 等，也可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。
She was coming later. 她随后就来。
I was leaving for Wuhan that day.
那天我正要去武汉。
3 The train journey took more than five hours…
火车的旅程花了5个多小时……
辨析：journey，trip，travel 与 tour
journey 名词 陆上长途旅行
trip 名词 陆上短途旅行
travel 名词，动词 旅行，游历
tour 名词，动词 途中在许多地方作短暂停留的观光游览
I'll make a long journey this summer vacation.
今年暑假我要作一次长途旅行。
Let's go on a school trip on the weekend!
咱们周末去参加学校旅行吧！
space travel 太空旅行
He is travelling in Hainan. 他正在海南旅行。
He made a three day tour to Hong Kong.
他去香港进行了一次三日游。
We spent four weeks touring around Europe.
我们花了四个星期周游欧洲。
4 At the end of the road, I saw Grandpa and my little cousin standing in the cold wind waiting for us.
在路的尽头，我看到外祖父和我的表弟站在寒风中等我们。
(1) at the end of 在……尽头；在……的末尾
可以表示地点，也可以表示时间。
表示“在……的开始”用 at the beginning of。
You can see a bookshop at the end of the street.
在街道的尽头你会看到一家书店。
At the end of the month, we’ll have an exam.
在这个月末，我们将会有一场考试。
拓展
- by the end of 到……末为止
- in the end 最后；终于
(2)辨析：see sb doing sth 与 see sb do sth
see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 强调看到的动作正在发生
see sb do sth 看见某人做某事 强调看到动作的全过程或动作经常发生
I see her cleaning the classroom.
我看到她正在打扫教室。
I often see him draw a picture.
我经常看见他画画。
(3)动词 ing短语作状语
waiting for us 为现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示的动作伴随standing同时发生。
The girl ran to her mother, smiling happily.
那个女孩开心地笑着跑向她的妈妈。
(4)wait for 等待
wait for sb/sth to do sth 等待某人/某物做某事
He is waiting for me. 他正在等我。
I'm waiting for the dentist to come.
我正在等待牙医的到来。
5 Grandpa helped us pull the heavy luggage into the house.
外祖父帮我们把沉重的行李拉进屋里。
pull
①〔动词〕拉；拖；拽
反义词为 push，意为“推”。
pull…into… 把……拉进……里
pull…out of… 把……从……拉/拽出来
She pulled me into her bedroom and showed me her photos.
她把我拉进她的卧室，给我看她的照片。
You can pull the book out of the shelf if you need it.
你如果需要这本书，可以从书架上把它拽出来。
Please pull the door. Don’t push it.
请拉门，不要推门。
②〔名词〕拉；拖；拽
I gave the door a sharp pull and it opened.
我猛地一拉，门开了。
6 Grandma, my aunt, and my uncle were busy cooking dinner in the kitchen.
外祖母、我舅妈和舅舅正在厨房里忙着做晚饭。
be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
可与 be busy with sth(忙于某事)进行同义转换。
She is busy doing her homework.
她正忙着做家庭作业。
7 After a little while, my parents went to the kitchen to help.
过了一小会儿，我父母去厨房帮忙了。
while
①〔名词〕一段时间；一会儿
是单数名词，无复数形式，其前通常加不定冠词a。
after a (little) while 过了一(小)会儿
Why not rest for a while since you are tired
既然你累了，为什么不休息一会儿呢？
8 I shared the snacks with my cousin and told Grandpa about school.
我和表弟分享零食，并告诉外祖父关于学校的情况。
share sth with sb
①与某人分享某物
It’s necessary for kids to learn to share their ideas with friends.
对孩子们来说，学会和朋友们分享他们的想法很有必要。
②和某人共用某物
I share a room with my sister.
我和妹妹共用一个房间。
拓展
- share sth between/among sb 在某人间分配某物
- share in sth 分摊 / 分享某物
The twins shared the cake between them.
这对双胞胎分吃了那个蛋糕。
Let’s share the candies among our friends at the party.
咱们在聚会上把糖果分给朋友们吧。
Tom and I share in the expense every month.
我和汤姆每月分摊花销。
9 “You can set the table,” Dad said.
“你可以摆放餐具，”爸爸说。
set the table 摆放餐具，相当于 lay the table。
Could you set the table for dinner
你把餐具摆好，准备开饭，好吗？
Set the table with knives and forks.
把餐刀和餐叉摆在桌子上。
10 Mm, the familiar taste of home!
嗯，熟悉的家的味道！
familiar 〔形容词〕熟悉的
常在句中作表语和定语。常见结构有：
- be familiar to sb 对某人来说……是熟悉的（主语常为物）
- be familiar with sth 熟悉某事物；通晓某事物（主语常为人）
The smell is very familiar to me.
我很熟悉这种气味。
I’m not familiar with her poetry.
我不熟悉她的诗作。
I smelt a familiar smell.
我闻到了一种熟悉的气味。
11 During the dinner, my uncle told us some jokes and we had a good laugh.
吃饭期间，我舅舅给我们讲了一些笑话，我们笑得很开心。
joke
①〔可数名词〕笑话；玩笑
tell jokes/a joke 讲笑话
play a joke on sb 开某人的玩笑
He likes telling jokes. 他喜欢讲笑话。
Tom played a joke on me just now.
汤姆刚才拿我开了个玩笑。
②〔不及物动词〕开玩笑
I never joke about money.
我从来不拿钱开玩笑。
Are you joking 你在开玩笑吧？
12 Several days later when we were leaving…
几天后我们要离开时……
several
①〔形容词〕几个；数个；一些
修饰可数名词复数。
Several years later, we met again.
几年后，我们又见面了。
②〔代词〕几个；一些；数个
Several of us went there.
我们中的几个去了那里。
13 Mum nodded, with tears in her eyes.
妈妈点了点头，眼中闪烁着泪光。
nod（过去式:nodded 现在分词:nodding）
①〔动词〕点头；点头致意
nod to/at sb 向某人点头致意
Let the speaker know you are listening by nodding or shaking your head.
通过点头或摇头让说话者知道你在听。
Tom nodded to Mrs Jacobs.
汤姆向雅各布斯太太点头致意。
②〔名词〕点头
He greeted us with a nod of the head.
他向我们点点头打招呼。
14 In the text, what words are used to describe people’s feelings
课文用了哪些词来描述人们的情感？
(1)text
①〔名词〕正文；文本；文章；短信
printed text 打印的文本
Please read the text carefully before answering the questions.
请在回答问题之前仔细阅读文章。
I received a text from my friend this morning.
今天早上我收到了朋友的短信。
②〔动词〕（用手机给某人）发短信
Mary texted me when she got home.
玛丽到家后给我发了短信。
(2)describe 〔及物动词〕描述；形容
名词形式是description，意为“描述，描写”。
describe sb/sth to… 向……描述某人 / 某事
Can you describe him to me
你能向我描述一下他的样子吗？
That is a description of you.
那是对你的描述。
15 Wherever I go, Finally I go, To my home, sweet home.
我无论去往何地，最终我的家，甜蜜的家。
wherever
①〔连词〕无论去哪里；在任何地方
与 no matter where 同义。
Remember you are Chinese wherever you go.
无论你去哪里，记住你是中国人。
Wherever he goes, he will bring tea sets.
无论他去哪里，他都会带上茶具。
②〔副词〕无论去哪里；在任何地方；究竟在哪儿
You can find friends wherever.
你在任何地方都能找到朋友。
Wherever did you pick up those prints
你究竟是从哪里弄来的那些版画？
16 No matter how long I’m away, home is always glad to see me again.
不论我离开多久，家总是乐于再次见到我。
(1)no matter 不论；无论；不要紧
与 what, who, when, where, how 等疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句。在从句中，常用一般现在时表将来，从句可放在主句前或主句后。
No matter who you are, you must obey the rules.
无论你是谁，你都必须遵守规则。
My parents support me no matter what decision I make.
无论我作什么决定，我父母都支持我。
拓展 “no matter + 疑问词”结构相当于“疑问词+ ever”。
- no matter how = however(无论怎样)
- no matter what = whatever(无论什么)
- no matter when = whenever(无论何时)
- no matter where = wherever(无论在哪里)
(2)matter
①〔可数名词〕问题
What’s the matter 怎么了？
They had important matters to discuss.
他们有重要的问题要讨论。
②〔动词〕要紧
不用于进行时。
It doesn’t matter. 没关系。（可回答对方的道歉）
What matters most is that you should write carefully.
最要紧的是你应该认真写字。
—Sorry, I broke your cup.
对不起，我打碎了你的杯子。
—It doesn’t matter. 没关系。
(3)be glad to do sth 很高兴做某事
I’m glad to meet you. 见到你我很高兴。
拓展
① be glad about sth 对某事感到高兴
—He doesn’t need the pills any more.
他不再需要服用那些药片了。
—I’m glad about that. 这真让我高兴。
② be glad + that从句 很高兴……
I’m glad (that) you’re feeling better.
你感觉好些了我很高兴。
17 …and perhaps a plate of freshly made biscuits.
……也许是一盘刚做的饼干。
(1)辨析：perhaps, probably 与 maybe
三个词都有“也许；可能”的意思，都是副词，但是用法上有区别。
- perhaps：可能性不大，相当于 maybe，但比 maybe 正式。
- probably：在这三者中可能性最大，常用于肯定句，可能性很大，多用于句首。
- maybe：表示委婉的建议或要求。
Perhaps they wouldn’t like us to come.
也许他们不想让我们来。
She probably won’t come here.
她大概不会来这里。
John probably told his father all about the matter.
约翰很可能把这件事都告诉了他父亲。
He didn’t feel well; maybe he got a cold.
他觉得不舒服，也许是感冒了。
The doctor thinks maybe he had better have a small operation.
医生认为他最好做个小手术。
(2)freshly made 〔合成形容词〕刚做的，新做的
Please try the freshly made bread.
请尝尝新做的面包。
拓展 freshly〔副词〕刚刚，通常后接过去分词。形容词形式 fresh 意为“新产的；新近的”。
a freshly cooked dish 刚炒的菜
some fresh vegetables 一些新鲜的蔬菜
18 to move your head up and down 上下移动你的头
up and down 上上下下；来回；往复，在句中作状语。
He uses a lift to go up and down.
他用电梯上上下下。
19 It’s starting to smell. 它开始发臭了。
smell
①〔不及物动词〕发臭
The food went bad and started to smell.
这些食物坏了，开始发臭。
②〔及物动词〕闻到
Do you smell something burning
你闻到什么东西烧焦了吗？
③〔系动词〕有/发出……气味；闻起来
后接形容词作表语。
Dinner smells good. 晚饭闻起来很香。
注意 smell 作动词时，过去式为 smelt / smelled。
④〔名词〕气味；臭味；嗅觉
It gives off a nice smell. 它散发出一种香味。
What’s that smell 那是一股什么臭味？
Dogs have a good smell. 狗的嗅觉很灵敏。
20 Welcome! 欢迎！
welcome
①〔感叹词〕欢迎
welcome to… 欢迎来到……（welcome后跟here，there，home等地点副词时，不加to。其答语为“Thanks/Thank you.”）
Welcome to our school! 欢迎来到我们学校！
Hello, welcome home. 嗨，欢迎回家。
②〔形容词〕受欢迎的
a welcome guest 一位受欢迎的客人
You’re welcome to Beijing. 欢迎你来北京。
③〔动词〕欢迎
Welcome you to my new house.
欢迎你来到我的新家。
④〔名词〕欢迎
The old man gives us a warm welcome.
这位老人给予我们热烈的欢迎。
注意 “You’re welcome.”意为“不用谢；别客气”，当别人表示感谢时可用它礼貌回答。
—Thank you very much. 非常感谢。
—You’re welcome. 不客气。
21 Your arrival brings joy to us.
你们的到来给我们带来了欢乐。
joy 〔名词〕喜悦；乐趣
- with joy 高兴地
- to one’s joy 使某人高兴的是
- the joy of ……的乐趣
She danced with joy. 她高兴地跳起舞来。
To his great joy, his son built a small robot.
使他感到非常高兴的是，他儿子造了一个小型机器人。
Finding the joy of life in simple things can bring great happiness.
在简单的事物中找到生活的乐趣可以带来巨大的幸福。
22 You can find us on the first floor of Apartment Block A.
你们可以在A栋公寓楼的二楼找到我们。
block
①〔可数名词〕大楼
常指公寓、办公、教学、医院等的大楼。
an apartment block 公寓楼
an office block 办公大楼
②〔可数名词〕街区
She took the dog for a walk around the block.
她带着狗绕街区散步。
③〔可数名词〕大块
a block of… 一大块……
I painted the plastic blocks white.
我把这些塑料块刷成了白色。
He picked up a block of wood and carried it inside.
他捡起一大块木头，把它搬了进去。
④〔动词〕阻挡；堵塞
A fallen tree is blocking the road.
一棵倒下的树把路阻断了。
The thick clouds blocked the sunlight.
厚厚的云层挡住了阳光。
23 In our community, everyone is friendly and always ready to give a hand.
在我们的社区里，每个人都很友好，随时准备伸出援手。
give a hand 帮助
give sb a hand 帮助某人
He always gives a hand to anyone in difficulty.
他总是给任何有困难的人提供帮助。
Can you give me a hand with these boxes
你能帮我搬这些箱子吗？
24 It was fun to decorate your room last month.
上个月装饰你的房间很有趣。
decorate 〔动词〕装饰；装潢
名词形式为 decoration，意为“装饰；装潢”。
decorate sth with sth 用……装饰……
They decorated the room with flowers and balloons.
他们用花和气球装饰了房间。
25 We want to cover the animals and paint the walls light green.
我们想把动物遮盖起来，把墙刷成浅绿色。
cover
①〔及物动词〕遮盖
cover…with… 用……遮盖……
be covered with 被……覆盖
Ann covered her face with her hands.
安用双手捂住脸。
The mountain is covered with thick snow all year round.
那座山终年被厚厚的雪覆盖着。
②〔及物动词〕包括
The book covers many interesting stories about animals.
这本书包括许多关于动物的有趣故事。
③〔名词〕遮盖物；封面
You can use a cover to cover the pan.
你可以用一个盖子盖上平底锅。
The cover of the book is nice.
这本书的封面很漂亮。
What do you think about the colour
你认为这个颜色怎么样？
What do you think about/of… 你认为……怎么样？
相当于“How do you like/feel about… ”，这是用来询问某人对某事(物)或某人看法的常用句型。
What do you think about/of the movie
= How do you like/feel about the movie
你认为这部电影怎么样？
bring a pair of scissors 带一把剪刀
scissors 〔名词〕剪刀 常用复数形式。
a pair of scissors 一把剪刀
We can cut the paper with scissors.
我们可以用剪刀剪这张纸。
buy glue 买胶水
glue
①〔不可数名词〕胶水
I made a model out of paper and glue.
我用纸和胶水制作了一个模型。
I need some glue to stick these cards together.
我需要一些胶水把这些卡片粘在一起。
②〔及物动词〕粘贴
She glued the label onto the box.
她把标签贴在箱子上。
Glue the two pieces of cardboard together.
把这两张硬纸板粘在一起。
do the dishes 洗餐具
do the dishes 洗餐具，相当于 wash the dishes。
You must do the dishes before you go out.
你外出前必须清洗餐具。
walk the dog 遛狗
walk
①〔及物动词〕牵着(动物)走；遛
They walk their dog every day.
他们每天遛狗。
②〔不及物动词〕行走；步行
walk to… 步行去……（to后接表地点的名词，若后接here，there，home等地点副词，则不用介词to）
The park is near here. Let’s walk there.
公园在这儿附近，咱们步行去那儿吧。
注意：walk to… 相当于 go to…on foot。
Let’s walk to school. = Let’s go to school on foot.
咱们步行去学校吧。
③〔可数名词〕行走；步行
go (out) for a walk 去散步
How about going for a walk
去散步如何？
It’s a long walk. Maybe we should take the bus.
走着去很远，或许我们应该乘公共汽车。
make the bed 整理床铺
make the bed 整理床铺；铺床，也可表达为 make one’s bed。
You are old enough to make the bed.
你足够大了，可以自己整理床铺了。
Don’t forget to make your bed before you go out.
出去之前别忘了整理床铺。

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