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新人教版八年级上册
Unit1 Happy Holiday Section A要点全解
1 took music lessons 上了音乐课
take…lessons 上……课；学习……课程
“上……课”还可表示为 take a/an…lesson/class，have a/an…lesson/class，have…lessons。
She takes piano lessons every Saturday.
她每周六上钢琴课。
He decides to take/have English lessons to improve his language skills.
他决定上英语课来提高他的语言技能。
2 visited some ancient buildings 参观了一些古建筑
ancient 〔形容词〕古代的；古老的
在句中常作定语，修饰名词。ancient 的读音以元音音素开头，其前有不定冠词时应用 an。
Many young people like ancient Chinese poems.
许多年轻人喜欢中国古诗。
China is an ancient country with a long history.
中国是一个历史悠久的古老国家。
3 went to a summer camp 去了夏令营
camp
①〔名词〕度假营；营地
a summer camp 夏令营
a winter camp 冬令营
a tennis camp 网球营
Let’s go back to the camp.
咱们回营地吧。
②〔动词〕露营；宿营
go camping 去露营
We’ll camp by the river for the night.
我们将在河边宿营过夜。
They go camping in the countryside every year.
他们每年都去乡下露营。
4 Yaming saw the Guest Greeting Pine, the Sea of Clouds, lots of strange rocks, and many ancient buildings. 亚明看到了迎客松、云海、很多怪石和许多古老的建筑。
strange 〔形容词〕
①奇怪的；奇特的
He often asks me strange questions.
他经常问我奇怪的问题。
②陌生的；不熟悉的
名词形式为 stranger，意为“陌生人”。
be strange to sb 对某人来说陌生
The place is strange to me.
这个地方对我来说是陌生的。
Children must not talk to strangers.
小孩子千万不要同陌生人说话。
5 Where did Yaming/Emma go on holiday/vacation 亚明/埃玛去哪里度假了？
vacation 〔名词〕假期；度假
go on vacation(= go on holiday) 去度假
(be) on vacation 在度假
take/have a vacation 休假
the summer/winter vacation 暑/寒假
I want to go on vacation.
我想去度假。
注意：vacation，holiday 都表示工作日以外的休息时间，但不包括周末，也指旅游度假；vacation 多用于美式英语，holiday 多用于英式英语。
6 Did he/she do anything interesting 他/她做了有趣的事情吗？
形容词修饰复合不定代词
本句中，anything 是复合不定代词，被形容词 interesting 修饰。形容词修饰 something，anything，nothing 等复合不定代词时，要放在复合不定代词的后面，作后置定语。
There is something important in today’s newspaper.
今天的报纸上有重要的内容。
7 I hiked in the mountains and saw the sunrise. 我去山里远足了，看了日出。
hike
①〔动词〕远足；徒步旅行
go hiking 远足；徒步旅行
They are hiking in the forest right now.
他们此刻正在森林里徒步。
She goes hiking every month to keep fit.
她每个月都去徒步旅行以保持健康。
②〔名词〕远足；徒步旅行
go on a hike 去徒步旅行
We went on a hike in the national park.
我们在国家公园进行了一次徒步旅行。
8 Yes, we stayed in the old town for a few days, and we enjoyed it very much.
是的，我们在古镇待了几天，我们非常喜欢那里。
(1)town 〔名词〕镇；商业区
可与 the 等限定词连用。
He lives in a small town in the north of Zibo.
他住在淄博北部的一个小镇上。
The small town lies among the mountains.
这座小镇位于群山之中。
拓展：in town 在镇上
此时 town 前不加任何冠词。
I’m new in town. 我刚到此地。
(2)enjoy 〔及物动词〕喜爱；欣赏；享受……的乐趣
常用结构如下：
① enjoy sth 喜欢某事物
She enjoys the beautiful scenery of the countryside.
她喜欢乡村的美丽景色。
② enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
We enjoy eating zongzi at the Dragon Boat Festival.
我们喜欢在端午节吃粽子。
③ enjoy oneself 玩得开心；过得愉快
同义：have fun 或 have a good/great/nice time
Did you enjoy yourself last night
昨天晚上你玩得开心吗？
9 It just took my breath away. 简直太令我惊叹了。
(1)take sb’s breath away 令人惊叹；让人绝倒
The landscapes from the top take my breath away.
从顶部眺望，景色美得令我惊叹。
(2)breath 〔名词〕呼吸的空气；一口气
take a (deep) breath (深)吸一口气
catch one’s breath 喘口气；平复呼吸
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
be out of breath 喘不过气来
a breath of fresh air 新鲜空气；透气
You can see people’s breath on a cold day.
在冷天你能看到人们呼出的气。
We will get a breath of fresh air in the morning.
早上我们会呼吸到新鲜空气。
拓展：breathe〔动词〕呼吸
相当于 take a breath。breathe deeply 相当于 take a deep breath。
Let’s go out to breathe the fresh air.
咱们出去呼吸新鲜空气吧。
10 Everything tasted good, especially the steamed chicken soup. 所有东西都很好吃，尤其是汽锅鸡。
(1)taste
①〔系动词〕有……味道
后面跟形容词作表语。
taste like 尝起来像(后常接名词或名词短语)
This tomato tastes sweet.
这个西红柿尝起来很甜。
This drink tastes like orange juice.
这饮料尝起来像橙汁
②〔实义动词〕尝；品尝
Can you taste it 你能品尝一下它吗？
③〔名词〕味道；滋味
This orange has a sweet taste.
这个橙子有甜味。
拓展：类似的表示感觉的系动词还有 look(看起来)，sound(听起来)，smell(有/发出……气味)，feel(感觉；摸起来)。
(2)especially 〔副词〕尤其；特别
在句中作状语，用于强调某个特例或某事物的特殊性。形容词形式为 especial，意为“特别的；特殊的”。
My hometown is very beautiful, especially in spring.
我的家乡非常美丽，尤其在春天。
11 I just stayed at home to read, play games, and relax, but it was still fun. 我只是待在家里读书、玩游戏、放松，但仍然很有趣。
relax
①〔不及物动词〕放松；休息
与 rest 或 have a rest 同义，第三人称单数形式为 relaxes。
He usually relaxes for a day on weekends.
他通常周末放松一天。
②〔及物动词〕使放松
relax oneself 放松自己
This song relaxes me.
这首歌使我很放松。
拓展：
① relaxing〔形容词〕令人放松的，常用来说明事物具有的特征。
This film is very relaxing.
这部电影令人感到很放松。
② relaxed〔形容词〕放松的，自在的，常用来形容人的感受。
He is relaxed after listening to music.
听音乐后，他感到很自在。
12 Did you go anywhere interesting 你去了有趣的地方吗？
辨析：anywhere与somewhere
anywhere 副词/不定代词 在任何地方；随便哪个地方 常用于否定句或疑问句
somewhere 不定代词 某处，某个地方 常用于肯定句
副词 在某处；到某处
Lily can’t find her ruler anywhere.
莉莉到处都找不到她的尺子。
Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation
你暑假期间去了什么地方吗？
Anywhere would be better than staying at this boring place.
任何地方都比待在这个无聊的地方强。
I want to go somewhere relaxing on vacation.
我想去某个令人放松的地方度假。
We need to find somewhere to live.
我们需要找个住处。
注意：形容词修饰 anywhere，somewhere 等词时，形容词要后置。
13 I did nothing special. 我没做特别的事。
nothing〔不定代词〕没有事；没有任何东西
表示否定意义，相当于 not…anything。
You have nothing to worry about.
你没有什么可担心的。
14 They also tried some Yunnan dishes, and they tasted/tried/ate the steamed chicken soup.
他们也品尝了一些云南菜，他们尝/吃了汽锅鸡。
try
①〔动词〕试；试用
try doing sth 试着做某事
Please try the new coffee! It’s very good.
请尝尝这种新咖啡！好极了。
You may try using your new computer.
你可以试着用你的新电脑。
②〔动词〕试图；努力
try to do sth 尽力做某事
We must try to keep calm.
我们必须尽力保持冷静。
③〔名词〕尝试；试图；努力
have a try 试一试
If you can’t do it, let me have a try.
如果你做不了，让我来试一下。
15 …I worked as a tour guide at a museum.
……我在一家博物馆当导游。
guide
①〔名词〕导游；向导
The tour guide is very friendly.
这个导游很友好。
②〔名词〕指南；手册
travel guide 旅游指南
③〔动词〕给某人领路；指导
guide sb to +地点名词 带领某人去某地
She guided us through the busy streets to the museum.
她带领我们穿过繁忙的街道到了博物馆。
Teenagers need parents to guide them.
青少年需要父母来引导。
16 Well, I went to Hangzhou and spent a few days there.
嗯，我去了杭州，在那里过了几天。
spend 〔及物动词〕
①度过
spend…with sb 与某人度过……
I want to spend two weeks in the country with my grandparents.
我想到农村去和我爷爷奶奶待上两周。
②花费(时间/金钱)
常用句型：
a. sb spend (s) time/money on sth 某人在某物/某事上花费时间/金钱
Our country spends a lot of money on education every year.
我国每年在教育上花很多钱。
b. sb spend (s) time/money doing sth 某人花费时间/金钱做某事
She often spends two hours learning Peking Opera every day.
她经常每天花两个小时学京剧。
17 Everyone says the scenery around the West Lake is so beautiful.
人人都说西湖周围的风景非常美。
辨析：scenery，landscape 与 sight，三者都可以指“风景；景色”，但有所区别。
scenery 不可数名词 着重指一个地区天然的风景或景色，不涉及人工的或特定的景点。
landscape 可数名词(常用单数) 着重指陆上，特别是乡村的风景或景色。也可以指经过人工改造后的景色，还可用于指艺术作品中描绘的风景。
sight 可数名词(常用复数) 着重指城镇或城市里常被游客游览的名胜或风景。
The scenery in Guilin is so beautiful that it attracts lots of tourists every year.
桂林的风景太美了，每年都吸引许多游客。
The village landscape is lovely.
乡村风景很宜人。
We’re going to Paris for the weekend to see the sights.
我们打算去巴黎过周末，参观那里的名胜。
18 We had a wonderful experience. 我们有了一次美好的体验。
experience
①〔可数名词〕(一次)经历，体验
Climbing the mountain was an amazing experience for her.
对她来说，爬山是一次奇妙的体验。
The soldiers talked about their war experiences.
士兵们讲述了他们的战争经历。
②〔不可数名词〕经验
Reading books can also give you some experience in different cultures.
读书也能让你获得一些关于不同文化的经验。
③〔及物动词〕经历
I experienced a heavy rain yesterday.
我昨天经历了一场大雨。
19 I got you something as a gift. 我给你买了东西作为礼物。
get sb sth 给某人买某物，相当于 get sth for sb。
She got him some beautiful flowers.
= She got some beautiful flowers for him.
她给他买了一些漂亮的花。
拓展：buy sb sth = buy sth for sb 给某人买某物
She bought her son a toy.
= She bought a toy for her son.
她给儿子买了一个玩具。
20 Wow, it’s a silk scarf. 哇，是一条丝巾。
scarf 〔可数名词〕围巾；披巾
复数形式是 scarfs 或 scarves。
The red scarf is the symbol of Young Pioneers.
红领巾是少先队员的标志。
Those little girls like to wear beautiful scarves in winter.
那些小女孩冬天喜欢戴漂亮的围巾。
21 Like everyone else, I was ready to go on a holiday somewhere.
和其他人一样，我也马上要去某个地方度假。
(1)ready
①〔形容词〕准备好的；现成的
表示“准备好的”时可在名词前作定语。
be/get ready for sth……做好准备
be/get ready to do sth 准备好做某事
The students are ready for the exam.
学生们为考试做好了准备。
Let’s get ready for the Spring Festival.
咱们为春节做好准备吧。
The players get ready to start the game.
球员们准备好开始比赛。
I have no ready answer.
我没有现成的答案。
②〔副词〕已做完；已完成
ready cooked meals 现成的饭菜
22 I chose a town near my city, but no one could join me, so I went by myself.
我选了我市附近的一个小镇，但没人能陪我一起去，所以我就独自前往了。
(1)choose 〔动词〕选择；挑选
过去式为 chose。
choose (not) to do sth 选择(不)做某事
choose(…) from… 从……中选择(……)
choose…as… 选……当作……
It is important to know how to choose your friends wisely.
知道如何明智地选择你的朋友很重要。
She chose to buy the tickets online.
她选择在网上买票。
You can choose the room as your office.
你可以选择这个房间作为你的办公室。
拓展：choice〔名词〕选择
make a choice 做出选择
a wise choice 一个明智的选择
(2)by oneself 独立地，独自
相当于 alone 或 on one’s own。反身代词在人称和数上应与前面动词的执行者保持一致。
Tom went to Hainan by himself yesterday.
= Tom went to Hainan alone yesterday.
昨天汤姆独自去了海南。
23 When I got to the town, it started raining heavily.
我到达小镇时，雨开始下大了。
heavily 〔副词〕大量地；在很大程度上
多用来说明雨、雪等下得大，相当于 hard。形容词形式是 heavy，意为“大量的；严重的”，也可说明雨、雪等下得大。
It rained heavily last night.
= There was a heavy rain last night.
昨晚下了一场大雨。
24 I could do nothing but stay in the hotel.
我只能待在旅馆里。
(1)nothing but 只有；只是
后面通常接名词、代词或动词不定式。(动词不定式是否带 to 请参看下文 but 的讲解)
He is nothing but a child.
他只是个孩子。
He had nothing but to ask his parents for help.
他只能向他的父母求助。
I can do nothing but agree with you.
我只有同意你的意见。
(2)but
①〔连词〕除……外；只有
but 前有实义动词 do，does 或 did 时，but 后若接动词不定式通常省略 to；but 前无实义动词 do，does 或 did 时，but 后若接动词不定式应带 to。
He had nothing to do but listen to music.
除了听音乐他无事可做。
He wanted nothing but to stay at home.
他只想待在家里。
②〔介词〕除……之外；除了
Everyone was there but him.
除他之外，大家都在。
③〔连词〕但是，表示转折。
She is rich but not happy.
她很富有但不快乐。
The trip is tiring, but he feels happy.
这次旅行令人疲劳，但他感到很开心。
25 The hotel was nice, with a comfortable bed, and everything was very clean.
这家旅馆很不错，有一张舒服的床，而且一切都很干净。
comfortable 〔形容词〕使人舒服的；舒适的，可作表语，也可作定语。
Our house was big and comfortable.
我们的房子又大又舒适。
This is a comfortable chair.
这是一把舒适的椅子。
拓展：
① uncomfortable〔形容词〕不舒服的
Noise makes us uncomfortable.
噪声使我们不舒服。
② comfortably〔副词〕舒服地
Are you sitting comfortably
你坐得舒服吗？
26 I felt bored, so I decided to look for something interesting to read.
我觉得烦闷，于是决定找点有趣的东西读。
(1)辨析：bored 与 boring
bored 表示人心理感受，常作表语，多说明人；搭配：be bored with…对……感到厌倦 feel/get bored 感到厌倦
boring 表示某事/某物给人的感受，常作表语或定语，多修饰或说明事物 a boring film 一部令人厌倦的电影
一言辨异
The movie was so boring that almost everyone felt bored.
那部电影太没意思了，以至于几乎每个人都感到无聊。
拓展：以 ed 结尾的形容词通常说明人，以 ing 结尾的形容词通常说明事物。
这类形容词还有：
interested 感兴趣的； interesting 有趣的
excited 兴奋的； exciting 令人兴奋的
surprised 吃惊的； surprising 令人吃惊的
relaxed 放松的； relaxing 令人放松的
(2)decide to do sth 决定做某事
否定形式是 decide not to do sth，意为“不做某事”。
They decide to go on a picnic this weekend.
他们决定这个周末去野餐。
She decided not to attend the party because she was too busy.
她决定不参加聚会，因为她太忙了。
27 Then, I heard someone shout from outside, “Look at the sky! How amazing!”
接着，我听到外面有人喊道：“看天空！多么神奇啊！”
(1)辨析：hear sb do sth 与 hear sb doing sth
hear sb do sth：强调听见动作发生的全过程或者经常发生。
hear sb doing sth：听见某人正在做某事，强调听见动作正在进行。
She hears someone come into the room.
她听见有人进了那个房间。
Can you hear someone singing in the next room now
此刻你能听见有人正在隔壁房间唱歌吗？
(2)sky 〔名词〕天；天空
通常与定冠词 the 连用。与形容词连用时说 a(n)…sky。也可以用复数形式 skies，尤其指辽阔无边的天空。
The sky suddenly went dark and it started to rain.
天空骤然转暗，随即开始下起雨来。
They woke to a clear blue sky.
他们醒来时天空碧蓝。
(3)how 引导的感叹句
“How amazing!” 是 how 引导的感叹句，其结构为：How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!。
How beautiful the flowers are!
这些花多么漂亮啊！
拓展：感叹句还可以用 what 引导，其结构为：What+(a/an)+名词+(主语+谓语)!。
What an interesting book it is!
这是一本多么有趣的书啊！
What delicious bread it is!
多么美味的面包啊！
What lovely children they are!
他们是多么可爱的孩子啊！
28 I got up and walked towards the window.
我起身朝窗户走去。
(1)get up
①站起；起身
Please get up and walk over to the gate.
请站起来走到大门口。
②起床
其反义短语为 go to bed，意为“上床睡觉”。
I usually get up at 7:00.
我通常7点起床。
(2)辨析：towards 与 to
- towards：只表示“向着某个方向”，没有“到达”之意。
- to：常跟在动词 go，come，return，move 等之后，表示“向，往”，有“到达”之意。
She walked towards the river.
她朝着那条河走去。
He moved to Beijing last year.
去年他搬到了北京。

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