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新人教版九年级上册
Unit 4 Our Memory Section B 要点全解
1. boost
①〔动词〕促进；使增长
Sports can boost your health.
运动能促进你的健康。
The good news will boost our confidence.
这个好消息会增强我们的信心。
②〔名词〕帮助；增长
There is a boost in our English test scores this month.
这个月我们的英语测试分数有了提升。
2. To start with, it is important to understand how memory works. 首先，理解记忆是如何运作的很重要。
to start with
①首先；第一 用于列举观点、理由，相当于 first/first of all。
To start with, we need to plan carefully.
首先，我们需要仔细计划。
To start with, keeping healthy is the key to a good life.
首先，保持健康是美好生活的关键。
②起初；开始时 相当于 at first/in the beginning。
I didn’t like it to start with.
我一开始并不喜欢它。
3. The more you review what you learn, the more likely you will remember it. 你复习所学内容越多，就越有可能记住它。
likely
①〔副词〕很可能
I’d likely have done the same thing in your situation. 我要是处在你这种情况，也很有可能那样做。
②〔形容词〕可能的
be likely to do sth 很可能做某事
be likely that…………是很可能的。
If you keep trying, you are likely to make progress. 你如果坚持尝试，就很可能取得进步。
It is likely that he will come. 他很可能会来。
4. However, you should not wear out your brain. 不过，你不应该过度消耗大脑。
wear out
①使疲乏
Working all day wore her out.
工作了一整天，她累坏了。
We shouldn’t wear out our energy on meaningless things. 我们不应该把精力消耗在毫无意义的事情上。
②磨损；穿破
The machine has worn out.
这台机器已经磨损了。
He wore out two pairs of shoes last year.
去年他穿坏了两双鞋。
5. You can also review information by discussing it with others or by teaching others. 你也可以通过和他人讨论或教别人来复习信息。
discuss〔动词〕讨论，商量，其名词形式为 discussion。
discuss sth with sb(= have a discussion about sth with sb)和某人讨论某事
In class, you can discuss problems by working in groups. 在课堂上，你们可以通过小组合作来讨论问题。
You needn’t discuss this matter with me.
= You needn’t have a discussion about this matter with me. 你不必和我讨论这件事。
注意：discuss 不直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可跟“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构或疑问词引导的从句。
They are discussing how to do it.
他们正在讨论怎样做这件事。
真题链接
根据句子中所给的中文提示，填写正确的单词。
Before we make a decision, we should ____ (讨论)it carefully together.
解析：should 是情态动词，后跟动词原形；discuss 动词，意为“讨论”。
答案：discuss
6. A third way is to make use of your senses. 第三种方法是利用你的感官。
make use of 利用……
use 前可加 good, full 等，表示“好好利用，充分利用”。
We should make use of time.
我们应该利用时间。
Try to make good use of your free time.
尽量好好利用你的空闲时间。
(1)动词不定式(短语)作表语
句中 to make use of your senses 意为“利用你的感官”，是动词不定式短语作表语。动词不定式放在系动词(be 动词为主)之后作表语，用来说明主语的身份、性质、目的、内容或将来动作。
My dream is to become a doctor.
我的梦想是成为一名医生。
The most important thing is to keep healthy.
最重要的事是保持健康。
Her wish is to travel around the world.
她的愿望是环游世界。
7. You can also create a story with information and view it in your mind like a film. 你也可以把信息编成故事，像看电影一样在脑海中回顾。
view
①〔动词〕看；观看
People came from all over the world to view her work.人们从世界各地涌来看她的作品。
We plan to view the film about memory this weekend.我们计划本周末观看这部有关记忆的电影。
②〔名词〕风景；视野；观点；看法
in view 意为“进入视野”；in one’s view 意为“在某人看来”。
There is a beautiful view from the top.
从顶上看风景很美。
There was nobody in view.一个人也看不见。
In my view, hard work is the key to success.
在我看来，努力是成功的关键。
8. For example, listening to recorded information can be very effective. 比如，听录制好的信息可能会很有效。
effective〔形容词〕有效的，反义词为 ineffective(无效的)。
Exercise is effective for keeping healthy.
运动对保持健康很有效。
To learn English well, we must use effective methods.
要学好英语，我们必须使用有效的方法。
9. Last but not least, boost your memory by staying healthy. 最后但同样重要的是，通过保持健康来提高你的记忆力。
last but not least 最后但同样重要的，用于写作文、作演讲、列举要点时引出最后一点，表示虽然放在最后，但很重要，不能忽略。
Last but not least, we should live a green life.
最后但同样重要的是，我们应该过绿色生活。
Last but not least, practice makes perfect.
最后但同样重要的是，熟能生巧。
10. You need to remember an address until you find a piece of paper to write it down. 你需要记住一个地址，直到找到一张纸把它写下来。
until〔连词/介词〕直到……为止
用作连词时引导时间状语从句(此句中用作连词)；用作介词后接名词、代词等。until 的用法如下：
①当 until 用于肯定句时，主句(until 用作连词时)或句子(until 用作介词时)的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直延续到 until 所表示的时间为止。
I waited for him until he came back.
我一直等到他回来。(连词)
He watched TV until midnight last night.
他昨天晚上看电视一直到半夜。(介词)
②当 until 用于否定句时，构成 not…until 结构，意为“直到……才”，主句(until 用作连词时)或句子(until 用作介词时)的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词，表示动作或状态直到 until 所表示的时间才发生。
I won’t leave until the rain stops.
直到雨停我才会离开。(连词)
He didn’t go home until ten o’clock.
他直到10点才回家。(介词)
注意：until 的同义词为 till，但 until 可以放在句首，而 till 不能。
I hadn’t realized the thing was so serious until she told me about it. = Until she told me about it, I hadn’t realized the thing was so serious. 直到她告诉我，我才意识到这件事如此严重。
11. The customer reacted badly to the price increase. 这位顾客对涨价反应很强烈。
increase
①〔名词〕增长
The increase in population caused a shortage of food.人口增加导致粮食短缺。
②〔及物动词〕增加
Reading can not only increase our knowledge, but also bring us pleasure.阅读不仅能增长我们的知识，而且能给我们带来快乐。
③〔不及物动词〕增加；增长
increase to 增加到……
increase by 增加了……
The population of the area is increasing quickly.这个地区的人口在快速增长。
The population of this city will increase to 1,000,000.这个城市的人口将增加到100万。
The price of the vegetables there increased by 10%.那儿蔬菜的价格上涨了10%。
12. He is likely to die from his wounds if not treated at once. 如果不立刻治疗，他很可能因受伤而死。
wound
①〔可数名词〕伤口；创伤
可指身体上的伤口，也可指心灵上的创伤。
The nurse cleaned his wound.
护士清洗了他的伤口。
②〔及物动词〕使(身体)受伤；伤害；使(心灵)受伤
The soldier was badly wounded in the head.
那名士兵的头部受了重伤。
What you said has wounded me.
你说的话令我伤心。
13. Every autumn, wild geese fly thousands of kilometres south for the winter. 每年秋天，大雁会飞行数千千米南下过冬。
(1)wild〔形容词〕野生的；自然生长的
There are many wild animals in the forest.
森林里有很多野生动物。
These are wild strawberries.
这些是自然生长的草莓。
(2)goose〔可数名词〕鹅；母鹅，其复数形式为 geese。
A goose has two feet.一只鹅有两只脚。
We saw some white geese swimming on the lake.我们看见一些白鹅在湖面上游弋。
拓展 类似 goose 复数形式变 oo 为 ee 的名词：foot—feet 脚 tooth—teeth 牙齿
14. They can recognize voices of other dolphins even when they have not met each other for a long time. 它们能辨别其他海豚的声音——即便很久没见过面。
recognize (= recognise)〔动词〕辨认出；认可 不用于进行时。
I didn’t recognize him because he changed a lot.我没认出他，因为他变化很大。
She is recognized as a good student.
她被公认为一名好学生。
15. In the past, I always felt stressed when I had to give a speech. 过去，我每次要演讲时都会感到很有压力。
stressed〔形容词〕焦虑的；紧张的；压力大的 不能用在名词前作定语。
feel stressed 感到有压力
be stressed out 压力大；筋疲力尽
Listening to music can make you less stressed.听音乐能让你不那么紧张。
It’s normal to feel stressed before exams.
考试前感到紧张是正常的。
She is stressed out these days.
她这些天压力很大。
拓展 stress〔不可数名词〕精神压力；心理负担
Too much stress is bad for your health.
太大的压力对你的健康有害。
Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress.人在压力之下做事情容易出错。
16. I learnt how to create a speech outline. 我学会了如何制作演讲纲要。
outline
①〔可数名词〕纲要
make an outline/make outlines 列提纲
the outline(s) of ………的提纲
It’s a good habit to make an outline first.
先列提纲是个好习惯。
With clear outlines, we can write more easily.有了清晰的提纲，我们的写作会更轻松。
Please give me an outline of the plan.
请给我这个计划的提纲。
②〔动词〕概述
outline sth to sb 向某人概述某事
The report outlines the problems clearly.
这份报告清晰地概述了这些问题。
He outlined his reasons to us.
他向我们说明了他的理由。
17. Another method is to divide the speech into short sections. 另一种方法是把演讲稿分成几个短部分。
divide〔动词〕(把……)分成
divide sth into… 把某物分为……
We can divide our work into small steps to finish it easily.我们可以把工作分成小步骤来轻松完成。
The students are divided into four groups.
学生被分成四个小组。
18. I practised the first section until I could fully recall it. 我先练习第一部分，直到能完全回忆起来。
fully〔副词〕完全地
We should fully use our time.
我们应该充分利用时间。
Only in this way can we fully develop our abilities.只有这样我们才能充分发展我们的能力。
拓展 full〔形容词〕完全的；满的；饱的
be full of 充满…… be full 满了；饱了
Please write your full name.请写下你的全名。
The room is full of people.房间里挤满了人。
19. Nobody knows my speech except me. 除了我之外，没人熟悉我的演讲稿。
辨析：except 与 besides
单词 含义 辨析 例句
except 除……之外（没有……） 着重强调在同类人或物中除去一个或几个人或物，表示一种排除关系，有“减去”之意 We are all here except Tom. 除汤姆之外，我们都在这里了。
besides 除……之外（还有……） 指在整体中加入一部分，表示一种累加关系，有“加上”之意 Besides milk, we need vegetables. 除了牛奶，我们还需要蔬菜。
20. If I do forget some words, I shouldn’t panic. 如果真的忘记了一些词，我也不应该慌张。
do 表强调
句中 do forget 意为“真的忘记”，其中 do 表示强调。助动词 do 放在谓语动词前起强调作用，用来表达说话者的一种强烈的感情，do 要重读，意为“确实；一定；务必；的确”等，后接动词原形。do 随主语的人称、数和句子时态的变化而变化，但只有三种形式，即 do, does 和 did。
I do believe you. 我确实相信你。
She does work hard.
她的确努力学习。
They did finish their homework.
他们真的完成了作业。
注意：“do/does/did + 动词原形”表强调不能用于否定句，用在祈使句中表示请求、命令或鼓励，语气更强烈。
Do be careful!一定要小心！

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