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新人教版九年级上册
Unit 6 Beyond Earth Section B 要点全解
1. Many ancient cultures believed that these points of light were from gods or other mysterious worlds. 许多古代文化认为这些光点来自神灵或其他神秘的世界。
mysterious 〔形容词〕
①神秘的；奇怪的；不易解释的
The ancient temple has a mysterious history.
这座古寺有着神秘的历史。
She heard a mysterious sound in the dark.
她在黑暗中听到了一个奇怪的声响。
②(尤指人)神秘的；陌生的
She is very quiet and mysterious.
她很安静，也很神秘。
拓展
① mysteriously〔副词〕神秘地；莫名其妙地
The door mysteriously opened.
门莫名其妙地开了。
② mystery〔名词〕谜；神秘的事物；难以理解的事，复数形式为 mysteries。
It's really a mystery. 这真是个谜。
It is one of the biggest mysteries of this century. 这是本世纪最大的谜团之一。
2. They are real places like our own sun, and they are farther away than anyone imagined. 它们是和我们自己的太阳一样真实存在的天体，而且距离之远超乎任何人的想象。
farther〔副词〕较远，更远
是 far 的比较级，可与 further 互换。
I'm too tired to go any farther/further.
我太累了，不能再往前走了。
The village is a little farther/further ahead.
村子就在前面再远一点儿。
辨析:farther 与 further
两者都是 far 的比较级，都可用作形容词或副词，但用法有所不同，具体区别如下：
- farther：只表示距离上“更远，较远”
- further：指在距离方面“更远，较远”时可与 farther互换；还可表示抽象意义，程度上“更多；进一步；更深一层”
My house is farther/further than yours.
我家比你家更远。
Please contact us for further information.
如需要更多信息，请与我们联系。
3. This raises the question: Can we visit the stars one day 这就提出了一个问题：我们有朝一日能造访这些恒星吗？
raise 〔及物动词〕
①提出(问题、建议等)
Many students raised questions about this problem.
许多学生就这个问题提出了疑问。
He raised many valuable suggestions.
他提出了很多宝贵建议。
②举起；提起
Raise your hand, please. 请举手。
③增加；提高
Don't raise your voice to me.
别对我提高嗓门。
④筹集；募集
They raised money for the local charity.
他们为当地的慈善机构筹款。
⑤抚养；养育；饲养；种植(作物)
My parents raised me with love.
我的父母用爱把我抚养大。
They raise chickens on the farm.
他们在农场养鸡。
典型例题
It's polite to ____ your hand when you want to ask a question.
A. raise B. rise C. turn D. get
解析 我们可用“固定搭配法”解答此题。raise“举起；提高；增加”；rise“上升；上涨”；turn“转动；转向；变成；翻(页)”；get“得到”。raise one's hand 为固定短语，意为“举手”。句意：当你想要提问时，举手是礼貌的。
答案 A
4. In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life, a special record with sounds and pictures from Earth is carried on board. 以防旅行者1号探测器被外星生命发现，它上面携带了一张特殊的唱片，里面收录了来自地球的声音和图像。
(1)in case 以防万一
介词短语，表示为了防止后面的事情发生，提前做某事。其后直接接句子，而且所接句子通常用一般现在时或一般过去时。
Take a map in case you get lost.
带张地图，以防你迷路。
She took some money in case she needed it.
她带了些钱，以防需要。
(2)record
①〔可数名词〕唱片；专辑
This band released a new record last month.
这个乐队上个月发行了新唱片。
②〔可数名词〕记录；记载
He kept a record of his daily expenses.
他记录自己的日常开销。
③〔可数名词〕(体育运动中)最高或最低的，纪录
break a record 打破纪录
set a new record 刷新纪录
hold a record 保持纪录
④〔及物动词〕记录；记载(事实、信息等)
record data/information/results 记录数据/信息/结果
⑤〔及物动词〕录制；录音；录像
record a song/video/podcast 录歌/录制视频/录制播客
(3)on board 在船(或火车、飞机)上
All passengers are on board.
所有乘客都已登机。
(4)board
①〔可数名词〕板；牌子
a wooden board 木板
The exam results went up on the board.
考试成绩张贴在布告牌上。
②〔动词〕上船(或火车、飞机等)
We boarded the train at 8 o'clock.
我们8点上了火车。
Passengers are now boarding the plane.
乘客现在正在登机。
5. By 2025, Voyager 1 was over 25 billion kilometres from Earth, but that is still a long way from Earth's second closest star, Proxima Centauri. 到2025年为止，旅行者1号探测器距离地球已达250多亿千米，但这距离地球第二近的恒星——比邻星，仍然十分遥远。
billion〔数词〕十亿
①billion 与基数词连用表示确切的数目，billion 后不加 s，且不与 of 连用。
China has a population of about 1.4 billion.
中国有约14亿人口。
②billions of 数十亿的，表示不确切的数目，前面不能再加基数词。
Billions of stars are in the sky.
天空中有数十亿颗星星。
拓展 与 billion 用法类似的词还有 hundred(百)，thousand(千)，million(百万)，trillion(万亿；兆)。
The company is worth three trillion yuan.
这家公司价值3万亿元。
Trillions of cells are in our body.
我们体内有数万亿个细胞。
练习
There is only one Earth but ____ people in the world, so we should protect the Earth.
A. billion of
B. billions of
C. 1.4 billions
D. 1.4 billions of
解析 我们可用“语法分析法”解答此题。表示确切的数目时，billion 与基数词连用，其后不加 s，且不与 of 连用；表示不确切的数目时，billion 后加 s，且与 of 连用，前面不能再加基数词。结合选项并分析空格处可知，应选B。
答案 B
6. At present, even a journey to the planet Mars will take around six to nine months. 目前，即使是前往火星的旅程也需要大约6到9个月。
(1)at present 目前，现在
介词短语，常与一般现在时和现在进行时连用，常位于句首或句末。
At present, AI is playing an important role in our daily life.
目前，人工智能在我们的日常生活中发挥着重要作用。
Mobile phones have become a necessary tool for people at present.
目前，手机已经成为人们必不可少的工具。
(2)present
①〔不可数名词〕/ preznt/ 现在；目前
Everything is quiet for the present.
暂时一切都很平静。
We should live in the present and enjoy every moment with our family.
我们应该活在当下，享受和家人在一起的每一刻。
②〔可数名词〕/ preznt/礼物，同义词为 gift。
I want to buy a present for my mother.
我想给妈妈买一份礼物。
③〔及物动词〕/pr zent/颁发；赠送；呈现
present sb with sth 给某人颁发某物
They presented him with a medal.
他们给他颁发了一枚奖章。
④〔形容词〕/ preznt/现在的；目前的；出席
We are happy with our present life.
我们对现在的生活很满意。
She is satisfied with her present job.
她对目前的工作很满意。
Many guests were present at her birthday party.
很多客人出席了她的生日派对。
7. These problems grow when we talk about visiting another star. 当我们谈论造访另一颗恒星时，这些问题会变得更加严峻。
grow
①〔不及物动词〕(grew, grown)增加；增强；扩大
She is growing in confidence all the time.
她的信心一直在增强。
②〔不及物动词〕生长；成长；发育
grow up 成长；长大
grow into 成长为；变成
Plants grow fast in spring.
植物在春天长得很快。
③〔及物动词〕种植；栽培，同义词为 plant。
We grow vegetables in our garden.
我们在花园里种植蔬菜。
④〔连系动词〕变得；逐渐变成，后接形容词作表语，构成系表结构。
He grew tired after a long walk.
走了很长一段路后，他累了。
Our motherland is growing stronger.
我们的祖国正变得日益强大。
8. Scientists, however, believe that visiting the stars is not a completely wild dream. 不过，科学家们认为，造访恒星并不是一个不切实际的梦想。
completely 〔副词〕彻底地；完全地
用于修饰动词、形容词或副词。
I completely forgot it.
我完全忘掉这件事了。
The room is completely clean now.
现在房间彻底干净了。
You have understood me completely.
你完全理解我了。
拓展 complete
①〔形容词〕完整的，完全的；彻底的
This is a complete story.
这是一个完整的故事。
②〔及物动词〕完成，使完整，同义词为 finish。
She completed the project last week.
她上周完成了这个项目。
9. While this is not possible right now, with nations and scientists cooperating with one another, there is hope that the necessary technology will be developed. 虽然目前这还不可能实现，但随着各国和科学家们的合作，必要的技术有望被研发出来。
(1)while
①〔连词〕虽然；尽管，比 although/though 语气要弱，常位于句首。
While I understand you, I can't agree.
我虽然理解你，但不能同意。
While it is late, we still have time to finish.
尽管很晚了，我们仍有时间完成。
②〔连词〕当……时；在……期间
引导时间状语从句，从句动词必须是延续性的，常与进行时连用。while 引导的时间状语从句位于主句的前、后均可。
While I was reading, he came in.
当我正在看书时，他进来了。
My phone rang while I was cooking.
我做饭时电话响了。
③〔连词〕然而；可是，表示对比、转折或前后情况相反。
I like English, while he likes maths.
我喜欢英语，而他喜欢数学。
④〔可数名词〕一会儿，一段时间
for a while 一会儿
after a while 过了一会儿
Please wait for a while. 请等一会儿。
After a while, it began to rain.
过了一会儿，开始下雨了。
练习
While my sister ____ a storybook, my parents were watching TV.
A. read
B. reads
C. was reading
D. will read
解析 我们可用“语法分析法”解答此题。分析题干可知，主句 my parents were watching TV 使用了过去进行时，表示过去某个时间点正在发生的动作；while 引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时发生，因此从句也需用过去进行时。故选C。句意：当我妹妹正在读一本故事书时，我父母在看电视。
答案 C
(2)with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
该句中 with nations and scientists cooperating with one another 为“with +宾语+宾语补足语”结构，此结构通常在句中作状语，表示动作发生的条件、方式或原因等，宾语由名词或代词充当；补足语通常是形容词、副词、介词短语、动词 ing形式或动词过去分词。
With the boy leading the way, we found the house easily.
有那个男孩带路，我们很容易找到了那所房子。
With so many people looking at me, I felt nervous.
有这么多人看着我，我感到紧张。
He slept with the window open.
他开着窗户睡觉。
She left with the light on.
她开着灯离开了。
He stood there with his hands in his pockets.
他双手插兜站在那里。
拓展 with 作介词的其他常见用法：
① 伴着；带着(情绪、状态等)
He came in with a smile.
他微笑着进来了。
② 具有，带有；拥有；长着
用于描述人或物的特征、外貌、配件等。
I want a house with a big garden.
我想要一个带有大花园的房子。
③ 在……身边；随身带着
Take an umbrella with you. 随身带把伞。
④ 和……一起；跟……，相当于 together with。
She likes to watch movies with her family.
她喜欢和家人一起看电影。
⑤ 用；使用(工具、手段)，其后接具体的工具。
I write with a pen. 我用钢笔写字。
⑥ 关于；对于；对……
What's wrong with you 你怎么了？
(3)cooperate 〔不及物动词〕合作；协作
① cooperate with sb 与某人合作
I'm willing to cooperate with you.
我愿意与你合作。
② cooperate on sth 在某事上合作
We cooperate on many important things.
我们在很多重要事情上合作。
③ cooperate to do sth 合作去做某事
We cooperated to finish the project.
我们合作完成了这个项目。
拓展 cooperation〔不可数名词〕合作；协作；配合
team cooperation 团队合作
10. Humans have photographed other galaxies, set foot on the moon, and even successfully landed rovers on Mars. 人类已经拍摄到了其他星系的照片，登上了月球，甚至成功让探测器在火星着陆。
set foot on 访问；参观(某地)；踏上；进入
强调第一次或正式踏上某个地方。其中 on 为介词，后面接土地、国家、星球、地面、岛屿等。
She finally set foot on Chinese soil.
她终于踏上了中国的土地。
11. What do you think about the future of space exploration 你如何看待太空探索的未来？
think about
①觉得；认为，相当于 think of。常用于固定句型“What do you think about/of… ”，意为“你觉得/认为……怎么样？”，用于询问对某人或某物的看法或观点。about 为介词，后接名词、代词或动词 ing形式作宾语。
What do you think about/of him
你觉得他这个人怎么样？
What do you think about the movie
你觉得这部电影怎么样？
②思考；考虑
We need to think about this problem carefully.
我们需要仔细思考这个问题。
12. craft 飞行器
craft
①〔可数名词〕飞行器；航天器；船，单复数同形。
The new craft will carry astronauts to the space station.
这艘新飞行器将把宇航员送往空间站。
②〔不可数名词〕技艺；工艺
He is good at traditional craft.
他擅长传统工艺。
13. Do you hope to travel by spaceship to other planets one day 你希望有一天能乘坐飞船去其他星球旅行吗？
hope 〔及物动词〕希望；期望
① hope to do sth 希望做某事
I hope to see you soon. 我希望很快见到你。
② hope +(that)从句
I hope (that) you have a good time.
我希望你玩得开心。
注意 没有 hope sb to do sth 这种用法，若要表达“希望某人做某事”，可用“hope +(that)从句”或 wish sb to do sth。
I hope (that) you can come to my birthday party. = I wish you to come to my birthday party.
我希望你能来参加我的生日聚会。
拓展
① I hope so. 我希望如此。
—Will you pass the exam 你会通过考试的。
—I hope so. 我希望如此。
② I hope not. 我希望不会；但愿别这样。
—He may be late. 他可能会迟到。
—I hope not. 我希望不会。
典型例题
I hope ____ a volunteer in the next activity.
A. be
B. to be
C. being
D. been
解析 我们可用“固定搭配法”解答此题。hope to do sth 为固定搭配，意为“希望做某事”。句意：下一次活动中我希望能成为志愿者。
答案 B
14. I'm going there early in case there are too many people. 我打算早点儿去，以防万一有太多人。
辨析:too many, too much 与 much too
- too many：太多，后接可数名词复数形式
- too much：太多，后接不可数名词；副词短语，修饰动词，作状语
- much too：太，用来加强语气，后面常接形容词或副词
She has too many toys in her room.
她房间里的玩具太多了。
There is too much wisdom in traditional culture.
传统文化里有太多智慧。
Don't eat too much in the evening.
晚上不要吃太多。
The progress we've made is much too encouraging.
我们取得的进步太鼓舞人心了。
助记 too many，too much 与 much too 的用法：too much，much too，用法区别看后头；much 后接不可数，too 后接形容词；too many，要记住，其后名词必复数。
15. Yeah, it will be very crowded. 是啊，那里会很拥挤。
crowded 〔形容词〕(人)多的；拥挤的
be crowded with… 挤满了……
The road is crowded every morning.
这条路每天早上都很拥堵。
The theatre is crowded with lovers of traditional art.
剧院里挤满了传统艺术爱好者。
16. I'd prefer to see it with my own eyes. 我更想亲眼看看。
prefer 〔及物动词〕(preferred, preferred, preferring)更喜欢，相当于 like…better。其名词形式为 preference，意为“偏爱；偏好”。
① prefer sth 更喜欢某物
I prefer traditional Chinese festivals.
我更喜欢中国传统节日。
② prefer doing/to do sth 更喜欢做某事
I prefer reading/to read stories about great men.
我更喜欢读伟人的故事。
③ prefer (doing)A to (doing)B 比起(做)B，更喜欢(做)A
I prefer tea to coffee.
比起咖啡，我更喜欢茶。
I prefer reading Chinese poems to playing games.
比起玩游戏，我更喜欢读中国诗词。
④ prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做某事，也不愿做某事
I prefer to do housework rather than go shopping.
我宁愿做家务，也不愿去购物。
练习
—What a heavy snow!
—So it is. I prefer ____ rather than ____ on such a snowy day.
A. to go out; staying at home
B. staying at home; go out
C. going out; stay at home
D. to stay at home; go out
解析 我们可用“固定结构法”解答此题。prefer to do sth rather than do sth 为固定结构，意为“宁愿做某事，也不愿做某事”。空格所在句句意为“在这样的雪天，我宁愿待在家里，也不愿出去。”故选D。
答案 D
17. But it must be difficult to fall asleep if you need to be tied down! 但如果你需要被固定住，那肯定很难入睡吧！
must be 一定是；肯定是
用于肯定句，表示对现在情况的肯定推测。
She must be a Chinese teacher.
她一定是一位语文老师。
It must be a gift for me.
那一定是给我的礼物。
My mother must be in the shop.
我妈妈肯定在商店里。
注意 must be doing sth 意为“一定……正在做某事”，表示对正在发生的事情的肯定推测。
My grandma must be watching TV at home now.
我奶奶现在肯定在家里看电视。
拓展 表示对现在情况的否定推测用 can't be(不可能是)，不用 mustn't。mustn't 意为“禁止；不准”，表示命令、警告、不许做某事。
That book can't be his.
那本书不可能是他的。
You mustn't break the rules of our school.
你不准违反我们的校规。
18. I prefer to have a job that keeps my feet on the ground. 我更想要一份脚踏实地的工作。
keep one's feet on the ground 脚踏实地；实事求是
If you want to succeed, keep your feet on the ground.
如果想成功，你就要脚踏实地。
To realize the Chinese dream, we need to keep our feet on the ground.
为实现中国梦，我们需要脚踏实地。
19. It is hoped that moon bases will be built in the near future so that scientists can cooperate and do more research there. 人们希望在不久的将来能建造月球基地，这样科学家们就可以在那里合作并开展更多研究。
so that
①为了；以便，引导目的状语从句。
I get up early in the morning so that I can catch the early bus.
我早上早起是为了能赶上早班车。
We must keep working hard so that our country will become stronger.
我们必须不断努力奋斗，让我们的国家更强大。
②以至于；因此，引导结果状语从句。
It was raining hard, so that we couldn't go out.
雨下得很大，所以我们不能出去。
20. I believe there are quite a few benefits. 我相信这会带来不少好处。
(1)quite a few 相当多；不少；很多，后面接可数名词复数。
I have quite a few books. 我有不少书。
There are quite a few great heroes in China.
中国有很多伟大的英雄。
(2)辨析:a few, few, a little 与 little
含义 修饰可数名词复数 修饰不可数名词
肯定含义（一些；少量） a few a little
否定含义（几乎没有） few little
He has a few good friends.
他有几个好朋友。
Few students are late for school.
几乎没有学生上学迟到。
There is a little water in the bottle.
瓶子里还有一点儿水。
There is little time to play.
几乎没有时间玩耍。
助记
few, little 表否定，前面加 a 变肯定。
可数名词复数前，(a)few 修饰记心间。
不可数名词来报到，其前要用(a)little。
21. New technologies can be developed, tested, and operated there. 新技术可以在那里研发、测试和投入使用。
operate
①〔及物动词〕操作；控制；运行(机器、设备、系统等)
He can operate the drone.
他会操作这台无人机。
He knows how to operate the system.
他知道如何运行这个系统。
②〔不及物动词〕(机器、系统等)工作；运转
The new engine operates very smoothly.
这台新发动机运转很平稳。
The lift wasn't operating properly.
这部电梯运转不正常。
③〔不及物动词〕动手术
operate on sb 给某人动手术
The doctor will operate on him tomorrow.
医生明天给他动手术。
④〔及物动词〕经营；营业
They operate a small restaurant.
他们经营一家小餐馆。
拓展
① operation〔名词〕手术；运营；操作
perform an operation 做手术
in operation 在运行中
The doctor performed an operation on him.
医生给他做了手术。
The machine is in operation.
这台机器正在运转。
② operator〔可数名词〕操作员；(电话)接线员
He is a machine operator.
他是一名机器操作员。
22. Tourists will also be able to visit. 游客也将能够前往游览。
辨析:be able to 与 can
be able to 与 can 都可以表示能力，但用法不同。
be able to 动词短语，侧重通过后天努力获得的能力或成功的结果 be 动词的形式随主语的人称和数而变化 用于各种时态
can 情态动词，侧重自身天生具备的能力 无人称和数的变化 只有现在时 can 和过去时 could 两种形式
Will we be able to travel to the moon in the future
未来我们能去月球旅行吗？
John can speak French.
约翰会说法语。

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