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(共32张PPT)
Unit5
Power of ideas
What do creative ideas bring about
Section A (4a-4c语法)
Thinking Quality
Learning Ability
Cultural Awareness
Language Ability
Learning Objectives
Identify and use passive voice in present, past, and modal forms to describe inventions.
Appreciate China‘s engineering achievements and understand how inventions solve real-world problems.
Transform active sentences into passive ones and complete a passage about the Qinghai-Xizang Railway.
Compare active and passive voice and choose the right structure to express meaning.
Active
Passive
Chinese workers built Hongfenghu Bridge in Guizhou Province.
People all over the world use the internet.
Hongfenghu Bridge in Guizhou Province was built by Chinese workers.
The internet is used by people all over the world.
What is the difference between these two groups of sentences
A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses.
The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself.
Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer.
A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901.
Read the sentences. Circle the verbs in the passive voice.
4a
被动语态
Passive voice: be done
Voice
Voice
ACTIVE VOICE ：The subject is the executor of action (动作的执行者)
PASSIVE VOICE : The subject is the receiver of action (动作的接收者)
Kun ate the hamburger. (Active voice)
The hamburger was eaten by Kun.(Passive voice)
句式结构：肯定句
am
构成： 主语 + 助动词 be is + 过去分词 + (by+ 动作执行者）
are
I am allowed to watch TV on Sunday.
This meal is cooked by Tom.
They are regarded as the best students all the years.
主语
be动词
过去分词
其他
01
句式结构：否定句
02
am
构成： 主语 + 助动词 be is + not + 过去分词 + (by+ 动作执行者）
are
I am not allowed to watch TV on Sunday.
This meal is not cooked by Tom.
They are not regarded as the best students all the years.
主语
be动词+not
过去分词
其他
句式结构：一般疑问句
03
Is English spoken by many people
Are you allowed to watch TV every night
Are they regarded the best students all the years
Be动词
过去分词
把be动词移到句首，在句末加上问号。
English is spoken by many people.
They aren’t allowed to go into the house.
Is the car made by a Japanese company
肯定句 主语+ am/ is/ are +过去分词（ +by… ）.
否定句 主语+ am/ is/ are +not +过去分词（ +by... ）.
一般疑问句 Am/ Is/ Are +主语+过去分词（ +by ...）？
一般现在时的被动语态的句式结构
Practice
1.English_____________ (use)as a foreign language in our country.
2.Flowers _________ （grow）in the park.
3.He ___________ (not allow)to go out with his friends on weekends.
4.When _____ they ________ (invite) to come here
用正确的形式填空。
is used
are grown
isn’t allowed
are
invited
A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses.
The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself.
Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer.
A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901.
Read the sentences. Circle the verbs in the passive voice.
4a
一般现在时:
____________________
强调现在某事被做
am/is /are + done + by sb.
一般过去时：
____________________
强调过去某事被做
was/were +done+ by sb.
含情态动词:
____________________
强调某事能够被做
情态动词 +be done + by sb.
The cap was made in America.
The cap was not made in America.
Was the cap made in America
肯定句 主语+ was/ were +过去分词（ +by… ）.
否定句 主语+ was/ were +not +过去分词（ +by... ）.
一般疑问句 was/ were +主语+过去分词（ +by ...）？
一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构
The house can be made by 3D printer.
The house can not be made by 3D printer.
Can the house be made by 3D printer
肯定句 主语+ 情态动词 +be 过去分词（ +by… ）.
否定句 主语+ 情态动词 +be+not +过去分词（ +by... ）.
一般疑问句 情态动词 +主语+be+过去分词（ +by ...）？
含有情态动词的被动语态的句式结构
Task: Know when to use the passive voice.
（1）当动作的执行者不必或不易说出时，用被动语态。
The flowers are watered every morning.
（2）需要突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。动作的执行者由
by引出且置于谓语动词之后，也可省略。
The new teacher is liked by all the students.
不能使用被动语态的情况
（1）系动词get，turn，become，seem，look，sound，smell，taste，feel等后接形容词作表语时，用主动形式表示被动含义。
That shirt made of cotton feels soft.
（2）动词need，want以及短语be worth 等后接动词-ing时，用主动形式表示被动含义。
My flowers need watering.
规则动词 变化规则 一般情况，直接加 -ed： work - worked -worked
以不发音的e结尾，加-d：live - lived -lived
以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加-ed：study -studied - studied
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母：双写末尾辅音字母，再加-ed： stop - stopped -stopped
动词变过去式和过去分词的规则分为规则动词和不规则动词两类。
不规则动词的过去式和过去分词形式无统一规律，需单独记忆。
不规则动词 AAA型 cut - cut - cut, put - put -put, read - read - read (发音不同)
ABB型 meet - met - met, meet - met - met, keep - kept - kept
ABA型 come - came - come, run - ran - run, become - became - become
ABC型 go - went - gone, see - saw -seen, swim - swam - swum
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
4b
1. The telephone _________ (invent) by Alexander Bell in 1876.
2. People all over the world ________ (connect) to each other through the internet.
3. The word “robot” _________ (introduce) for the first time in a play in 1920.
4. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button _________ (press) to start the machine.
5. It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel _______ (find) in Eastern Europe.
was invented
are connected
was introduced
was pressed
was found
Which railway is the picture showing
The Qinghai-Xizang Railway
How much do you know about this railway
How much do you know about this railway
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Make a profile of the Qinghai–Xizang Railway.
4c
The Qinghai–Xizang Railway was completed in 2006. It ______ (connect) Xining to Lhasa, a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres, and it is the highest railway in the world, reaching 5,072 metres above sea level at Tanggula Pass.
The building of the railway was a great challenge. Creative ideas ______ (need) to solve different problems. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on, so pipes ______ (use) to keep the ground hard. However, in some places, it was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground, so tunnels had to ______ (create) instead. In some other places, bridges ______ (build) to keep the railway up above the ground. These bridges are animal-friendly and ______ (allow) animals to pass under the tracks.
As an important and successful project, the railway has ______ (increase) tourism and economic development in the area. The lessons learnt and experience gained from building this railway will help ______ (improve) transport in other similar places in the world.
connects
were needed
were used
be created
were built
allow
increased
improve
What challenges did builders face when building the railway
build on frozen ground
the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on
How did they solve these problems
use pipes
create tunnels
build animal-friendly bridges
What does the Qinghai-Xizang Railway teach us
about Chinese people
Chinese people are creative, determined, and never give up in the face of challenges.
They can solve difficult problems and turn impossible dreams into reality.
1.The Qinghai–Xizang Railway was completed in 2006.
complete /k m'pli t/ v. 完成；结束 adj. 完全的；彻底的
complete：
(1)v.完成；结束
(2)adj. 彻底的；完全的；完整的；全部的
completely adv. 完全地
例：The workers will complete the new school next month. 工人们下个月将建成这所新学校。
There was complete silence in the room. 房间里一片死寂。
辨析：complete与finish
complete v. 均可表示“完成”，后接名词作宾语 强调“使事物完整、圆满”，达到预期的完整状态。宾语多为“需要过程才能完整的事物”(如 project, novel, puzzle, building 等)。
finish 强调“结束动作或过程”，侧重“终止”，不强调是否完整。宾语多为“具体动作或活动”(如 meal, run, reading, work 等)，可接动名词(doing)。
2. The railway has increased tourism and economic development.
tourism un.旅游业；旅游(活动)
常见搭配：tourism industry 旅游产业
develop tourism 发展旅游业。
相关词形：
(1)tour v. 旅行；游览 n. 观光；旅游。go on a tour 去旅游
(2)tourist n. 观光客；游客
例：The local government wants to develop tourism to help people live better.当地政府想发展旅游业来帮助人们生活得更好。
3. The lessons learnt and experience gained from building...
gain v.获得；取得；赢得 n. 好处；利益；增加
相关短语：
(1)gain access to 获得(使用/ 进入的)机会
(2)gain control of 控制住；掌握
(3)gain experience 积累经验
(4)gain weight 增重(反义：lose weight 减肥)
(5)gain confidence 增强信心
辨析：gain 与win
gain 均作动词，可表“获得/赢得”, 可搭配具体事物(如奖品、比赛)。 可接抽象名词(知识、经验、信心等)
和数量类名词(体重、利润等)。侧重“通过努力、过程逐渐获得”，无“对抗感”。
win 侧重“在竞争、对抗中战胜对手”，有明确“胜负关系”。仅搭配“有竞争属性的事物”(比赛、战役、奖项、荣誉等)，不可接抽象名词。
4. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise.
be supposed to do/be sth 应当做(某事)或是(某物)
suppose 意为“认为；假设”，常见用法有：
(1)suppose + (that) 从句 认为；猜想
(2)suppose + sb /sth + to do sth 认为某人/ 某物应该做某事
(3) Suppose + 句子(简单句)， 假如；假设 ，相当于“if”
(4)suppose so/not，用于口语中，表示“认为是/ 不是” suppose 后面的宾语从句是否定句时，要否定前移，即把否定词移到主句中否定suppose。
按要求完成句子（每空一词）
1. People plant millions of trees in this area every spring. (改为被动语态)
Millions of trees ______ ______ in this area every spring.
2. Workers built this bridge in less than two years. (改为被动语态)
This bridge ______ ______ in less than two years.
3. We should take good care of the public facilities. (改为被动语态)
Good care should ______ ______ ______ the public facilities.
4. The room is used to store old books and magazines. (对画线部分提问)
______ ______ the room ______ ______
5. Did they invent the first digital camera in Japan (改为被动语态的一般疑问句)
______ the first digital camera ______ in Japan
are planted
was built
be taken of
What is
used for
Was invented
Unit5
Power of ideas
What do creative ideas bring about
Section A (4a-4c)

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