资源简介

湖南长沙市雨花区
2026年上学期期末质量检测试卷
八年级英语
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
The Heimlich maneuver (海姆利克急救法) can save a life in seconds. It is a simple action that will often remove food or another object from a person’s airway (呼吸道) when they are choking (噎住). You can tell the choking person that you want to help them. Let them know you know the Heimlich Maneuver and you are going to perform it on them.
Stand behind the person. Help the person lean (倾斜) forward. Have the person open his or her mouth. Give five back blows between the person’s shoulder blades (肩胛骨).
Make a fist (拳头) with one hand.
Put your arms around the person. Place your fist near the top of the stomach. Push in and up with quick strong movements five times.
If the object does not come out after the first try, call for help. When medical workers arrive, they can remove the object.1. When can Heimlich maneuver help
A．When people are rolling.
B．When people are choking.
C．When people are coughing.
2. Where do you need to put your fist
A．Behind the back.
B．Near the top of the stomach.
C．Between the person’s shoulder blades.
B
Brian Fisher is a famous entomologist (昆虫学家). When he was a child, he says, it was his dream to become a botanist (植物学家) and study plants. Once that dream became a reality, Fisher turned his attention to insects.
During a research trip, Fisher became interested in ants. He decided to make a career change. He started to study insects. Fisher has identified (识别) many kinds of ants in the world.
Fisher’s work in Madagascar, an island in Africa, has gone beyond studying ants. He found people near the forest were in need of food, so he also looked for ways to help them. For example, he created a way of farming edible (可食用的) insects. Fisher teaches this to people in Madagascar. By doing this, they have provided food for many schools.
Fisher knows what it takes to have a career in science. “To survive as a scientist,” he says, “you have to be highly driven and focused.” And he says: “You have to be a good writer. Then you’ll be able to share your story in an interesting way so that people will want to read your work.”
3. What did Fisher want to be when he was a child
A．A writer.
B．A botanist.
C．An entomologist.
4. What did Fisher do to help the people in need of food
A．Helped them look for food.
B．Gave them money to buy food.
C．Taught them how to farm edible insects.
5. What does the underlined phrase “go beyond” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．超越 B．环游 C．放弃
6. What can we learn from Brian Fisher’s story
A．A scientist should stick to his childhood dream.
B．A scientist should only focus on his own research.
C．A scientist needs to be driven, focused and good at writing.
C
For many people, the coming of spring is a time to celebrate. In Brazil, the most famous celebration is the Carnival (狂欢节). It usually takes place in February. The Brazilian Carnival is known as “the greatest show on Earth”. The biggest celebration happens in Rio de Janeiro, a large city in Brazil. The Carnival was brought to Brazil in the 17th century. Over time, it mixed with African and native Brazilian cultures and became the exciting festival we see today.
The Carnival opens with a special ceremony. The mayor (市长) of Rio hands over a golden key to the “Carnival King”. During the festival, the King “rules” the city and leads the people in celebration.
There are two main activities during the Carnival. One is the samba parade (桑巴巡游) at the Sambadrome. Top samba schools send thousands of dancers and musicians to compete. Their colourful costumes amaze the crowd. The other activity is street parties called blocos (街头派对). These are free and open to everyone. People wear funny clothes, sing, and dance along the city streets.
The Carnival is not just about having fun. Many samba schools use their performances to talk about social problems, such as women’s rights. A reporter once said, “The Carnival is about community, creativity and celebration.” Every year, millions of tourists from around the world come to Brazil to join this great party.
7. When does the Brazilian Carnival usually take place
A．In March.
B．In February.
C．In May.
8. Who gives the golden key to the Carnival King
A．The mayor of Rio.
B．The president of Brazil.
C．The head teacher of a samba school.
9. According to the passage, what do many samba schools do during the parade
A．Raise money for poor children.
B．Teach people how to dance samba.
C．Present social problems with their performances.
10. What does the writer want to tell us about the Carnival
A．A new and popular festival today.
B．A party for dancing and having fun.
C．A celebration of community and creativity.
D
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Time management is very important for success. ___11___ But what does it truly mean to be a master of time
Different cultures view time in different ways. ___12___ In others, time is cyclical (循环的), like repeating seasons. Understanding these differences is important. It helps us see that there is no single “right” way to manage time.
For students, mastering time means more than just finishing homework on time. ___13___ When we manage time well, we create space for both achievement and rest, for both work and relationships.
One important lesson is that time is the resource (资源) we can’t get back. Unlike money that can be earned again, lost time is gone forever. We should learn this lesson while thinking about how to spend our days. ___14___
To become masters of our own time, we need to reflect (反思) regularly: Are we spending time on what truly matters Are we saving enough time for rest and relaxation Are we using our most energetic hours for the most important tasks ___15___
Being a master of time doesn’t mean being busy every moment. It means being intentional (有目的的) about how we use the hours we have, matching our daily actions with our deeper values and goals.
A．This helps us make better choices.
B．In some cultures, time is a straight line.
C．Many of us want to be the master of time.
D．It means using time wisely for selfdevelopment.
E．Answering these questions is the first step to mastering time.
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Adam Kaiser loved science as a child. He often looked up at the stars and ___16___ about the universe. This curiosity led him to study geology (地质学) in college. After graduation, he got a job at an environmental consulting (咨询) company. The work was meaningful and the pay was good. However, Adam felt that something was ___17___.
Adam always enjoyed cooking for his family and friends. His wife noticed his passion (热情) and ___18___ him to take a chocolatemaking class. Adam was nervous but excited. He learned how to make chocolate from cocoa beans.
Making chocolate is not ___19___. Adam found that it requires both art and science. The temperature must be just right. The surface must be smooth and shiny. Adam used his ___20___ knowledge to understand the process. “Both chocolate and rock change when the temperature goes up or down,” he said.
Adam found a job to work in a restaurant kitchen. He ___21___ early and came home late. Sometimes he felt too tired to continue. But his wife and friends stood by (支持) him. They tasted his chocolate and gave him honest feedback. Adam improved his recipes and kept trying.
A year later, Adam opened his own chocolate shop. He now creates beautiful chocolate gifts for his community. He also ___22___ kids about science through food. “Follow your interests,” he tells them. “You never know where they will lead you.” His shop has become a ___23___ place in town. People love the chocolate, and they also appreciate the story behind it.
Adam is ___24___ he made the change. He learned that courage does not simply mean having no fear. It is the willingness to take action when you are afraid. Different paths can lead to a life full of passion and ___25___.
16. A．worried B．wondered C．cared
17. A．missing B．interesting C．surprising
18. A．ordered B．attracted C．encouraged
19. A．simple B．slow C．strict
20. A．biology B．geology C．history
21. A．gave up B．woke up C．looked up
22. A．teaches B．asks C．argues
23. A．hidden B．popular C．normal
24. A．shocked B．nervous C．glad
25. A．money B．purpose C．friendship
三、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Weifang, Shandong Province, many middle school students are keeping ___26___ old tradition alive. Every spring, they learn to make Chinese kites by hand. This activity teaches them many useful skills.
Weifang is known as the Kite Capital of the World. To this day, local craftsmen (工匠) ___27___ (make) beautiful kites in the shape of birds and fish for hundreds of years. The kites come in many different styles. One of the ___28___ (famous) styles is the swallow (燕子) kite. To make one, students first put thin bamboo sticks in water. Then they shape the sticks into a frame and fix them with thread. After that, they put paper on the frame and paint it with bright colors. If the frame is too heavy, the kite will not fly high. Students soon learn that it is very important ___29___ (plan) it carefully. Without careful planning, a single ___30___ (care) mistake could lead to total kitemaking failure.
Students also improve their teamwork while working in pairs. They need to listen to each other’s ideas and solve problems as a team. This term, Da Ming and Peter made a kite together. ___31___ the kite kept falling down, they didn’t give up and tried again and again. Finally, it flew. “I used to give up ___32___ (easy),” Peter said. “Now I know patience and practice lead to success.”
Teachers have noticed that kitemaking could help students understand geometry (几何) better. They learn about shapes, balance, and measurement ___33___ a real way. The course also brings together other different ___34___ (subject). History teachers explain where kites come from, PE teachers show that flying kites can be a form of exercise, and art teachers guide students in painting and design. When students are making kites, they aren’t just making toys. They are connecting with Chinese culture and ___35___ (build) skills for the future.
四、读写综合
第一节
阅读下面的语篇，根据语篇内容回答问题。
Jane Austen (17751817) was a famous British writer. Last year, people around the world celebrated the 250th anniversary of her birth.
Austen grew up in a small village in England. She loved reading and writing from a young age. At that time, women were expected to marry rich men. They could not have control of their own money until 1870. They had no right to vote (投票) until 1918. But Austen did not follow this path. She never married and wrote six novels instead.
Her books talk about men and women’s roles, power, school and marriage from a woman’s point of view. In Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth Bennet refuses to marry a man who she does not respect. In Emma, the main character makes mistakes when she tries to help her friends find love. These stories are not just about love stories. They ask serious questions: Should women marry for money Can they choose their own future The main characters in the stories are brave and independent. A Jane Austen expert said, “She writes about people’s problems. And those problems are still important today.”
Because her stories talk about timeless problems and ideas, Austen’s novels are still popular today. Film producers have made her novels into over 70 films and TV shows. Jane Austen has proved that the world you live in doesn’t limit you, but your choices do.
36. Where did Austen grow up
___________________________________________
37. Did Austen marry a rich man
___________________________________________
38. What are the main characters like in Austen’s stories
___________________________________________
39. Why are Austen’s novels still popular today
___________________________________________
40. What can you learn from Austen’s stories
___________________________________________
第二节
根据要求完成短文写作。
41. 学校英语校刊“Great Reads”专栏以“A Good Read to Me”为题开展征文。请你写一篇短文投稿，分享一本你最喜欢的书，并说明分享的理由。
要求：（1）短文必须包含所有要点提示信息，并适当发挥；
（2）80词左右（给出的标题和开头内容不计入总词数）；
（3）不得出现真实的人名和校名。
A Good Read to Me
A good book is like a good friend. I’d like to share a good book with you.
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参考答案
1.B 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.C
11.C 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.E
16.B 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.B 21.B 22.A 23.B 24.C 25.B
26.an 27.have made 28.most famous 29.to plan 30.careless 31.Although/Though 32.easily 33.in 34.subjects 35.building
36.In a small village in England.
37.No,she didn’t.
38.They are brave and independent.
39.Because her stories talk about timeless problems and ideas.
40.Our choices shape our life.(答案不唯一)
书面表达范文
A Good Read to Me
A good book is like a good friend. I’d like to share a good book with you.
My favourite book is The Little Prince. It tells a warm story about a little prince’s travels across different planets. The book teaches me to keep a sincere heart and value true feelings behind simple things.
When I read it, I feel relaxed and learn to see the world in a different way. It tells me what is truly important in life. That is why I would like to recommend this book to you. I hope you will enjoy it.

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