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湖南长沙市博纳二附中青山高级中学
20252026学年下学期高一期末英语试题
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Look no further than York County when you are planning your next family road trip. With so much to see and do, places to eat, and a variety of lodging (住宿) options, there’s something everyone will enjoy.
If your family is a fan of the great outdoors, bring your bikes. York County has more than 73 routes covering 440 miles! We are also plentiful in rivers, lakes, and streams. So why not canoe (划独木舟) your way to the perfect day or consider renting a boat at Codorus State Park
Another family fun option is a trip to Hickory Falls Family Entertainment Center. In addition to mini golf, visitors enjoy an indoor play area with a mini bowling, batting cages, and more. At the Creation Station at Sunrise Soap Company, there’s DIY soap, salts, bath bombs, lotions, jewelry, and more.
From summer to fall, you’ll have plenty of family farm fun. From UPick strawberries, blueberries, and peaches to fall’s best apples and pumpkins, everyone enjoys visiting Flinchbaugh’s Orchard & Farm Market, Brown’s Orchards, and Orchard Valley Farm. You can also see firsthand the process of making milk, pet and take pictures with the cutest young cows, and of course enjoy some fresh ice cream made onsite at Perrydell Farm.
No trip to York County would be complete without a train ride on the Northern Central Railway of York. Visitor favorites include the Santa Express, Fall Foliage Tours, and Cowboy Weekend.
Where to stay It’s up to you. We have plenty of options. You can even stay in a shoe! Looking for a weekend getaway torn from the pages of a fairy tale Check out the Haines Shoe House.
1. What is a likely destination for people enjoying DIY activities
A．Perrydell Farm.
B．Codorus State Park.
C．Haines Shoe House.
D．Sunrise Soap Company.
2. Which fun activity is available to visitors at family farms
A．Milking cows.
B．Picking fruits.
C．Feeding pets.
D．Making ice cream.
3. What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To attract visitors.
B．To strengthen social bonds.
C．To introduce country life.
D．To organize family trips.
B
Dr. Mae Jemison is a physician and scientist who, in 1992, became the first black woman astronaut in space. Today, she works as a scientist and public speaker in America.
When Jemison was 3 years old, the family moved to Chicago to take advantage of better educational opportunities for her. Her parents were supportive of Jemison’s talents and abilities throughout her early school years. She spent a considerable amount of time in her school library reading about all aspects of science, especially astronomy.
After finishing her education at Cornell University Medical College, Jemison became a doctor of medicine in 1981. In 1985, she made a career change and decided to follow a dream she had nurtured for a long time. That October, she applied for NASA’s astronaut training program. When Jemison finally flew into space on September 12, 1992, with six other astronauts aboard the Endeavour on mission STS47, she became the first black woman in space.
Since her NASA days, Mae Jemison has become a public speaker who encourages STEM involvement and improvements in education for women and minorities. She is also a published author. In 2001, Jemison released a memoir (自传) titled Find Where the Wind Goes: Moments from My Life, about her early life and education, and training as an astronaut. She wrote the book specifically for teenagers, encouraging them to “learn from the lessons that you have in life”.
Jemison hasn’t limited herself to print media. In 1993, shortly after her mission on the Endeavour, she appeared as Lieutenant Palmer on an episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation. It was the first time a real astronaut was on the show.
For all of her contributions, Jemison was accepted into the National Women’s Hall of Fame in 1993. She is also a member of the National Medical Association Hall of Fame and the International Space Hall of Fame.
4. What do we know about Jemison according to the text
A．She acted as a doctor on the Endeavour.
B．She lacked early exposure to astronomy.
C．She became talented through family education.
D．She was the first real astronaut to appear on Star Trek.
5. What is the purpose of Jemison writing Find Where the Wind Goes
A．To recall her role in Star Trek.
B．To inspire the youth to learn from life lessons.
C．To advocate for women’s rights in STEM fields.
D．To document her space mission on the Endeavour.
6. Why does the author mention Jemison’s appearance in Star Trek
A．To show her love for science fiction.
B．To explain her retirement from NASA.
C．To highlight her wideranging capabilities.
D．To compare her with other astronauts in pop culture.
7. Which of the following best describes Jemison
A．Ambitious and inspirational.
B．Conservative and cautious.
C．Imaginative and selfcentered.
D．Quickthinking and generous.
C
Many of the astronauts going up to space are among the smartest people on the planet. However, a new NASA study has found a surprising effect of space travel — it may actually slow down the human brain.
Contrary to what you might expect, researchers discovered that while space travelers orbit the Earth, they experience some temporary mental slowdowns, including processing information slower and difficulties with attention and memory.
Luckily, the study also finds spending months in space doesn’t permanently scramble (打乱) an astronaut’s cognitive (认知的) abilities. Their overall brain performance remains remarkably resilient (有适应力的).
The study examined 25 professional astronauts who spent an average of six months aboard the International Space Station. Scientists tracked their cognitive performance through a series of rigorous (谨慎的) tests designed to measure everything from processing speed to memory and attention. “We show that there is no evidence of any significant cognitive impairment or neurodegenerative decline in astronauts spending six months on the ISS,” explains Dr. Sheena Dev, the study’s lead researcher, in a media release.
So what exactly changed Think of it like your brain running in “low power mode”. Astronauts completed tasks just as accurately as they would on Earth, but they took slightly longer to process information. Processing speed, working memory, and attention were the most affected cognitive fields — similar to how you might feel after a stressful day without enough sleep. The most interesting but unusual finding is how quickly the brain adapts. Some performance changes, like slower attention spans, were only noticeable early in the mission. Others, like reduced processing speed, took a bit longer to return to normal after the astronauts returned to Earth.
These insights are more than just scientific curiosity. As humanity looks toward ambitious missions to the Moon and Mars, understanding how the human brain responds to extreme environments becomes crucial. This research provides a baseline for future space explorers, helping mission planners predict and reduce potential cognitive challenges.
8. How may astronauts perform during space travel
A．They take longer to respond to the tasks.
B．They complete tasks as quickly as on earth.
C．Their cognitive abilities are damaged heavily.
D．They spend years recovering their physical health
9. What does the underlined word “impairment” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Improvement.
B．Damage.
C．Development.
D．Change.
10. What can we learn from the passage
A．Astronauts’ cognitive abilities remain stable wherever they are.
B．Astronauts’ performance in space is much worse than that on Earth.
C．Astronauts’ attention spans were always slower in the space.
D．Astronauts’ brain performance can return to normal later
11. What does the last paragraph mainly about
A．The later plans for space missions.
B．The development of cognitive study.
C．The significance of the study.
D．The future of space exploration.
D
For the first time, a satellite partly made of wood has been launched into space to test if wood could be a good building material for space. This wooden satellite, named “LignoSat,” is being experimented with by Japanese scientists to see if it can help reduce pollution in space. Traditionally, satellites are made of metal, but wood is easy to get, nonpolluting, and surprisingly tougher in space due to the absence of water and oxygen.
The concept originated from Takao Doi, a scientistastronaut, who wondered about growing trees in space for construction purposes. The question got Mr. Doi and other scientists at Japan’s Kyoto University thinking about the idea of wood in space. They thought it might be possible to build a satellite out of wood.
The idea was simple, but the project wasn’t easy. The team at Kyoto University decided to explore using wood for satellites. They tested birch, cherry, and honoki(a type of tree)on the International Space Station. After eight months, all woods proved durable against space conditions. For the final satellite, the researchers chose honoki wood. This wood is light and strong, and doesn’t crack (裂缝) easily.
To create the satellite’s wooden panels, the team used a traditional woodworking method called sashimono. The method doesn’t use nails or glue. Instead, the pieces are carefully cut to fit together tightly. In December, the satellite was put into orbit around the Earth.
Over the next six months, sensors inside the satellite will help measure how well the wood holds up. One important question is how much the wood will expand and shrink (收缩) as the temperature changes. If the experiment works, wooden satellites could one day help reduce pollution. Satellites normally burn up as they come back into the Earth’s atmosphere. Burning metal satellites leave behind a cloud of pollution. But when wood burns, it only leaves water and carbon dioxide behind.
12. Why do scientists test the wooden satellite “LignoSat” in space
A．To reduce the cost of satellite production.
B．To figure out how long wood can last in space.
C．To compare the strength of different types of wood.
D．To test wood as a space construction material.
13. What inspired scientists to build a satellite out of wood
A．The lightweight properties of wood.
B．Takao Doi’s idea of planting trees in space.
C．The innovation in tree planting methods.
D．The development of the LignoSat project.
14. How does sashimono contribute to its overall design and functionality
A．By allowing for easy repairs in space.
B．By avoiding the need for nails or glue.
C．By adding cultural value to the scientific mission.
D．By helping the satellite adjust to temperature changes.
15. What is the best title for the text
A．First Wooden Satellite Was Launched into Space.
B．EcoFriendly Space Exploration in the Future.
C．How Wooden Satellites Could Impact the Climate.
D．Whether Japan’s Innovative Approach Reduces Space Litter.
七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wearable fitness trackers have evolved beyond being something cool and novel worn by athletes and fitness enthusiasts to being worn by nearly everyone. ___16___. Here’s how to make the most of it.
Customize the settings ___17___. Accurately inputting these indicators when setting up your fitness tracker will be of great significance. They ensure that your tracker provides personalized insights and better context for your fitness progress.
___18___ For some, the pursuit of step counts and calorie counts can be very motivating; for others, it can quickly become overwhelming. Be mindful of how you are responding to the use of your fitness tracker. If it leaves you depressed at the end of the night when you haven’t hit your goals, reframe your thinking regarding the numbers and focus on progress not perfection.
Act on your data Analyzing trends in your fitness data can help you identify patterns and make informed decisions. If you notice that your resting heart rate is elevated or sleep quality has decreased, it could be a sign that your body needs more rest. ___19___.
Be kind to yourself This may be the most important tip of all. Remember the point of wearing a fitness tracker. ___20___. There are going to be times when you’re not consistently active or eating well, as vacations, illness, injuries and countless other realities of daily life can knock anyone off track. Lean on the community you’ve built and take it one day at a time. The beauty of having daily goals is that you can hit a reset button each morning and restart your wellness journey with a clean slate.
A．Don’t get too caught up in the numbers
B．Take advantage of various advanced features
C．Consider additional rest days or stress management to aid recovery
D．It is to make movement a part of your routine as you pursue your goals
E．A fitness tracker can be a positive reminder of your ongoing health journey
F．Make sure to enter your age, gender, height, weight and fitness level correctly
G．Most fitness trackers allow you to join your friends or family members in workout
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As the music played, we returned to our positions. Our teacher made the dance look so ___21___ as she demonstrated it—every step and gesture flowed naturally with the music and she looked confident. Once she finished the ___22___, she told us, “It’s your time to ___23___!” Over the course of four months, we practised for our final performance. Thinking of standing onstage gave me instant ___24___——who would want to be stared at by a crowd
In the beginning, we felt ___25___ and determined even after hours of dancing. We’d even grab drinks together after class and ___26___ our own performance, finding the good and bad. However, after a couple of weeks, our ___27___ weren’t the same as before—what were once elegant and dynamic now lacked liveliness. Some of the classmates ___28___. Thinking it over, I decided to still use the course as a ___29___ of improving——I’d never danced and had much to learn. It was ___30___ for me to dance as well as the teacher, so my ___31___ seemed simple: practising and losing myself in the dance.
On the performance day, I ___32___ the way my teacher attracted me that first day. Holding on to that flashback, I entered the stage. I couldn’t see the audience through the ___33___ lights, feeling less afraid. With the performance unfolding, I had no other ___34___, absorbed in the beat and dancing. I succeeded. And I knew at that moment, I’d ___35___ others, too.
21. A．familiar B．easy C．fresh D．special
22. A．lesson B．challenge C．trial D．presentation
23. A．shine B．comment C．compete D．ask
24. A．expectation B．fright C．imagination D．curiosity
25. A．respected B．understood C．energized D．valued
26. A．overstate B．compare C．ignore D．evaluate
27. A．potentials B．passions C．movements D．moods
28. A．quit B．hurt C．noticed D．improved
29. A．symbol B．chance C．honor D．interpretation
30. A．onesided B．timeconsuming C．unusual D．impractical
31. A．change B．goal C．excuse D．action
32. A．recalled B．copied C．appreciated D．adjusted
33. A．soft B．natural C．blinding D．varied
34. A．tasks B．partners C．choices D．thoughts
35. A．approved of B．called on C．appealed to D．stood for
三、语法填空
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At Lowe’s, the home improvement chain, a “LoweBot” in some stores can answer simple ___36___ (question), such as where to find items and can help with monitoring. These robots free workers ___37___ routine tasks, giving humans more time for customer interaction. But that’s only the beginning.
The real benefit of retail (零售) robots is the opportunity to capture more data about the products on the shelves and customer buying patterns which can increase efficiency and accuracy in ___38___ (manage).
___39___ key is using retail robots as datacollectors within an internetofthings. It is thought of as a complex network of connected devices, objects and sensors gathering data. And the data ___40___ (analyze) in the cloud or with edge computing, which uses nearby servers to lower latency (潜伏期). As the robots move around stores they capture photos of every shelf and aisle, ___41___ are transformed into insights about outofstock merchandise and pricing.
Such detailed data is ___42___ (especial) valuable in retail, where ___43___ (understand) consumers’ demands is essential. For example, Stitch Fix, which ___44___ (provide) justforyou clothing choices to shoppers at home, completes its data science in multiple aspects of ___45___ (it) business model, from product recommendation to management and fashion design.
四、书信写作
46. 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Steven想了解中国高中选修课开设的情况，请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 介绍课程开设情况及效果；
2. 请对方介绍美国高中如何开设选修课程。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Steven,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the day Yollie got her graduation certificate of Baylor College of Medicine. Her dream finally came true. She took out an old greyish dress from her suitcase, her mind flooded by memories of the days when her mother saved money for her education.
Yollie’s mother, Mrs Moreno, was a woman with a unique sense of humor. As a single mother, she supported the family by working at the local market. She didn’t earn much money, but she was always positive and had her own way to provide for Yollie and at the same time saved as much money as possible. Her ways were not always clever ones, though, among which an embarrassing one stood out in Yollie’s memory.
Yollie was a smart kid at Saint Theresa’s High School. She was the winner of the school’s spelling bees. Mrs Moreno encouraged her daughter to study hard, hoping Yollie would realize her dream of becoming a doctor one day. She provided Yollie with a desk, typewriter, and a lamp to protect her eyes from long hours of studying.
One day, Yollie needed a new black outfit for the eighthgrade fall dance, but unluckily, their old car had already cost them nearly a hundred dollars in repairs. Mrs Moreno didn’t have much to spend on the outfit so she decided to buy Yollie a pair of black shoes and fabric dye (染料) to turn her white summer dress black.
At first Yollie doubted her mother’s idea. However, to her surprise, the dress turned out shiny and sophisticated (精致的) after being dyed. She was excited to go to the dance. The dance was romantic, with paper lanterns swinging in the trees and creating a scene straight out of a movie. Yollie enjoyed dancing with her friends under the lanterns until rain began to fall. Disaster struck when Yollie’s dyed dress started to leak black dye, ruining her outfit. In embarrassment, she ran home through the storm.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mrs Moreno was shocked at the sight of Yollie, but she quickly got her sense of humor at work in just seconds.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
From then on, Yollie took the ugly dress with her wherever she went.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、阅读理解
13 DBA 47 DBCA 811 ABDC 1215 DBBA 1620 EFACD
二、完形填空
2125 BDABC 2630 DCABD 3135 BACDC
三、语法填空
36.questions 37.from 38.management 39.The 40.is analyzed 41.which 42.especially 43.understanding 44.provides 45.its
四、书信写作范文
Dear Steven,
Hope this email finds you well. I'm glad to tell you about elective courses in our high school.
We have a rich variety, including art courses like painting, calligraphy and some traditional Chinese courses. As far as I'm concerned, these electives have great effects. What is most impressive is that some students have shown a great passion for art because of the painting elective.
Now, I'm quite curious about elective courses in American high schools. Could you share details like course types and selection methods Looking forward to your reply.
Best regards,
Li Hua
五、读后续写范文
Mrs Moreno was shocked at the sight of Yollie, but she quickly got her sense of humor at work in just seconds.
She smiled warmly and said, "Well, my dear, it looks like you've turned into a little black cat tonight! But don't worry, we'll fix this." She took Yollie inside and started to wash the dress, trying to remove the black dye as much as possible. While doing so, she told Yollie a funny story and they both laughed heartily, and Yollie felt a little better about the situation.
From then on, Yollie took the ugly dress with her wherever she went. It became a reminder of her mother's love and her own determination to overcome difficulties. Whenever she faced challenges or setbacks in her medical studies, she would look at the dress and remember that night at the dance. It gave her the strength to keep going and never give up on her dreams. The dress became a symbol of her resilience and perseverance. And as she stood there on her graduation day, she knew that her mother would be proud of her no matter what.

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