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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
冀教版五年级上册英语
Unit 5 Cities and hometowns 知识清单
一、单元学习目标
能谈论中国主要城市所在的方位和不同季节的气候。
能询问和介绍城市的过去与现在，描述城市发生的变化。
能介绍家乡的位置、气候、著名景点和个人感受。
能读懂城市照片和家乡介绍语篇，提取地点、气候、景观及变化信息。
能口头和书面介绍自己的家乡，表达对家乡的喜爱。
二、单元知识地图
项目 本单元重点
主题 Cities and hometowns：从“城市在哪里、气候怎样”延伸到“城市过去与现在的变化、家乡的特色与情感”，学习介绍城市和家乡。
核心词汇 city, hometown, north, south, east, west, northeast, southwest, climate, cold, hot, warm, cool, humid, by the sea, village, capital city, history, famous, landscape, building, mall, road, park, train, photo, trip。
核心句型 Where is ... / What's the climate like / Which city is it / It's in ... / It's ... in winter. / It was ... many years ago. / There were ... then. / It is famous for ...。
核心语法 方位和气候表达；一般过去时 was / were；there was / there were 描述过去存在；过去式 had、visited、saw；famous for 表达因……闻名。
语篇阅读 通过中国城市气候、照片旅行和石家庄家乡介绍，梳理“位置—气候—景观—过去与现在—家乡情感”的信息链。
口语写作 介绍一座城市或自己的家乡，说明位置、气候、过去与现在、著名事物和个人感受。
三、重点词汇与语块
类别 词汇 / 语块 用法提示
方位 in the north / south / east / west of China, southwest, by the sea 说明城市在中国的方位或靠近海边。
气候 cold, hot, warm, cool, humid, climate, in winter, in summer, all year What's the climate like 用于询问气候；It's ... in ... 说明季节气候。
城市变化 many years ago, a small village, a big city, tall buildings, shopping malls, wide roads 用过去和现在对比城市变化。
家乡特色 hometown, capital city, famous for, beautiful gardens, local food, history 介绍家乡的身份、历史和著名事物。
旅行活动 take photos, be on the train, see pandas, visit, shop, have a wonderful trip 描述去过的城市和旅行经历。
四、核心句型
功能 句型 用法 / 例句
询问位置 Where is ... 询问城市在哪里。It's in the north of China.
询问气候 What's the climate like 询问某地气候。It's warm in winter.
猜城市 Which city is it 根据位置和气候猜城市。Is it Harbin
描述过去 It was a small village many years ago. 说明过去的状态。
描述存在 There were simple houses and narrow streets then. 说明过去某地有某物。
介绍特色 It is famous for ... 表示“它因……而闻名”。
表达感受 What a beautiful city! / I love it! 表达对城市或家乡的赞美与喜爱。
五、核心语法精讲
（一）方位与气候的表达
介绍城市时，可以先说明方位，再说明气候。in the north / south / east / west of ... 表示“在……的北部 / 南部 / 东部 / 西部”。
结构 例句 说明
地点 + be in + 方位 Beijing is in the north of China. 说明北京位于中国北部。
It's + 形容词 + 时间 It's cold in winter and hot in summer. 说明不同季节的气候。
be by the sea Shenzhen is by the sea. 表示城市靠海。
What's the climate like It's humid in summer. 询问并回答气候。
（二）一般过去时 was / were 与 there was / were
一般过去时表示过去发生或存在的事情。was 是 am / is 的过去式，were 是 are 的过去式；there was / there were 分别与单数、复数名词搭配。
结构 例句 说明
主语 + was + 表语 It was a small village many years ago. it、he、she 及单数名词后用 was。
主语 + were + 表语 We were in Chengdu. you、we、they 及复数名词后用 were。
There was + 单数名词 There was a small village then. 过去有一个村庄。
There were + 复数名词 There were simple houses and narrow streets. 过去有房屋和街道，名词为复数。
（三）过去式 had / visited / saw 与 famous for
讲述过去的旅行和经历时，动词要使用过去式。had 是 have 的过去式，visited 是 visit 的过去式，saw 是 see 的过去式。famous for 表示“因……而闻名”。
表达 例句 说明
过去经历 We had a wonderful trip to Beijing. had 表示过去拥有或经历。
过去参观 We visited the Oriental Pearl Tower. visited 表示过去参观。
过去看见 We saw pandas there. saw 是 see 的过去式。
特色介绍 Shijiazhuang is famous for Xibaipo Village. famous for 后接著名事物。
六、语篇阅读：城市变化与家乡介绍
1. Cities in China：文章介绍北京、上海、广州、成都和拉萨的位置及气候。阅读时将城市名称、方位和季节气候对应起来。
2. Look at the photos：Danny 展示在不同城市旅行的照片，介绍火车、成都熊猫、广州、杭州西湖、天安门广场和王府井。阅读时关注 where were、was / were 和旅行感受。
3. My hometown：石家庄位于中国北部，是河北省省会。很多年前是小村庄，有简陋房屋和狭窄街道；现在有高楼、商场和宽阔道路，并以西柏坡、赵州桥和正定县闻名。语篇最后表达了对家乡的喜爱。
4. 阅读方法：先找地点和方位，再找气候与景观；遇到过去和现在的对比，分别圈出 many years ago、then、now 等时间线索。
七、口语表达：介绍城市或家乡
表达顺序 句型 示例
名称与位置 This is ... It's in ... This is Chengde. It's in the north of China.
气候 It's ... in ... / It's ... all year. It's cool in summer. It's warm all year.
过去与现在 Many years ago, it was ... But now it is ... Many years ago, it was a small place. But now it is a beautiful city.
特色与感受 It is famous for ... I love ... It is famous for the Mountain Resort. I love my hometown!
八、写作表达：My hometown
写作时按照“家乡名称—位置—气候—过去与现在—著名事物—个人感受”的顺序组织内容。
写作模板：____ is my hometown. It's in ____. It's ____ in ____. Many years ago, it was ____. But now it is ____. It is famous for ____. It is a nice city and I love it!
检查要点：方位介词和季节表达是否正确；过去时 was / were 是否与主语一致；there was / were 是否与名词单复数一致；过去式 had、visited、saw 是否使用正确；是否写出家乡特色和感受。
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