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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2026 - 2027学年九年级英语上册单元全真模拟培优卷仁爱科普版（新教材）
Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts
注意事项：
1．本试卷共七大题，满分120分（不含听力口语30分），考试用时100分钟；
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在相对应的位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题。
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Great minds bring us brilliant thoughts and great inventions. Many useful things 1 by ancient people all over the world.
The compass is one of the greatest Chinese 2 . It 3 for telling directions in old days. Paper making changed people’s way of keeping records. Gunpowder 4 used in many fields later.
Great inventors do not get success easily. They keep trying and never give up. Sometimes they fail many times 5 they finally make it. Their wisdom 6 us to keep thinking. They teach us 7 new ideas and try new materials.
Science and technology keep 8 . As students, we should learn from those great people. We can make our own small 9 if we work hard. Who knows Maybe some of our dreams will 10 one day.
1．A．invent B．invented C．were invented D．are inventing
2．A．invention B．inventions C．inventor D．inventors
3．A．was used B．used C．is using D．uses
4．A．become B．became C．is become D．were become
5．A．after B．before C．though D．because
6．A．encourage B．encourages C．encouraging D．encouraged
7．A．think B．thinking C．to think D．thought
8．A．develop B．developing C．developed D．develops
9．A．contribute B．contributions C．contribution D．contributing
10．A．come true B．come out C．come over D．come on
第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Aarrav has had a deep interest in mechanics (机械学) since childhood. This allows the teen to represent (代表) India at more than 20 robotics competitions around the world. But Aarrav didn’t create his smart spoon to win a prize. He saw his uncle, who has Parkinson’s disease (PD) (帕金森病), struggling to feed himself. Food kept falling out of his mouth, making him look like a mess. _________
More than 7 million people in India have PD．The disease influences the brain, causing patients to shake uncontrollably. As the disease progresses, it leads to difficulty in eating by oneself.
Aarrav wanted his uncle to be able to eat by himself. This encouraged the teen to look for a way to help his uncle. So he took to his room with sensors (传感器), a 3D printer and other tools. But not everything went well.
“It was disappointing not to be able to find certain parts I needed in India. I had to buy some from abroad,” Aarrav said in an interview.
Aarrav made a first model, but the spoon handle was not easy for his uncle to hold. “I’ve improved the invention. It needs to be waterproof (防水的). The spoon must be easily separated, so that it can be cleaned and replaced with a fork. And the spoon needs to be deeper to hold more food,” the teen said.
The smart spoon has been tested at a local college. Aarrav hopes that his smart spoon will be used in hospitals soon.
11．Which of the following can be put in “________”
A．His uncle was very sad. B．He wanted to make a change.
C．His uncle cried like a baby. D．He had to clean the table for his uncle.
12．What does the underlined word “struggling” mean in English
A．Feeling like doing something. B．Being worried about doing something.
C．Having difficulty doing something. D．Looking forward to doing something.
13．What problem did Aarrav meet
A．His family didn’t support him. B．His uncle didn’t like the spoon.
C．He didn’t have money to buy tools. D．He couldn’t buy some things in India.
14．What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about
A．How Aarrav made the smart spoon.
B．Some suggestions from Aarrav’s uncle.
C．Some improvements Aarrav has made.
D．Why Aarrav wanted to invent the spoon.
15．What is the best title of the passage
A．The teen’s invention for patients with PD
B．India’s greatest inventor in its history
C．A smart spoon to help my uncle eat more
D．Parkinson’s disease is not terrible anymore
B
Imagine having a simple app that works like: When you need help, just open the app, touch the “not OK” button and a message will be sent to five preselected (预先设定的) people, along with a location to show where you are. The message reads: Hey, I’m not OK. Please call me, text me, or come to find me.
US teenagers, Hannah Lucas, and her brother Charlie, have made an app called not OK. People just need to pay a little money each month to use it.
Hannah was inspired to make the app during a dark time in her life. She developed an illness and she couldn’t go to school anymore. Other kids sometimes bullied (欺凌) her about this. She felt sad and wanted to find an app that would allow her to get help when she wasn’t feeling OK. She asked her brother Charlie to find such an app. When they couldn’t find one, they decided to make one themselves.
They came up with some designs for the app first. Charlie took a programming class in summer and built a website for the app. Hannah also shared her idea in her summer class. Some app developers showed interest and decided to help her. At last, the app came out in the US and Canada in January.
Hannah is happy that her app is helping others.
16．Who will know you’re in need when you touch the “not OK” button
A．Five people who bullied you.
B．Five people who were preselected.
C．Five people who are the developers.
D．Five people who are your family members.
17．What do the underlined words “text me” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Send me a report.
B．Send me a letter.
C．Send me a message.
D．Send me a newspaper.
18．What’s the main purpose of creating the app
A．To bully others. B．To make money.
C．To ask for help. D．To build a website.
19．Which one is the right order of the following statements about the invention of the app
a.Hannah developed an illness.
b.Charlie took a programming class in summer.
c.The app came out in the US and Canada in January.
d.Hannah and Charlie didn’t find such a useful app.
A．c, d, a, b B．c, d, b, a C．a, d, b, c D．a, d, c, b
20．The best words to describe the app are ________.
A．simple and helpful B．pleasant and dangerous
C．expensive and creative D．interesting and preselected
C
When people think of inventors, they often imagine scientists in white coats working in labs. But sometimes, great inventions come from ordinary people with a creative idea.
One such person is 11-year-old Gitanjali Rao. In 2017, she invented a device called “Tethys” to test for lead (铅) in drinking water. She was inspired by the water crisis in Flint, Michigan. She wanted to find a fast and cheap way to test water. Her device uses carbon nanotubes to detect lead. The result was quick and accurate. For this invention, she was named America’s Top Young Scientist.
Another example is Sam Houghton. At just three years old, he came up with a tool to pick up leaves more quickly. He saw his father sweeping leaves in the garden. He thought two brooms tied together could cover a larger area. That simple idea became a useful gardening tool.
These stories show that age and background don’t matter. A creative idea can come from anyone, at any time. The important thing is to keep your eyes open, stay curious, and never stop asking “what if”.
21．What did Gitanjali Rao invent
A．A new type of broom. B．A device to test for lead in water.
C．A machine to clean water. D．A sensor to detect pollution.
22．What inspired Gitanjali Rao to create her invention
A．A science class. B．A water crisis in Flint, Michigan.
C．Her father’s work. D．A book about inventors.
23．How does Rao’s device work
A．It uses special paper. B．It uses carbon nanotubes.
C．It uses a chemical reaction. D．It uses electricity.
24．What idea did Sam Houghton come up with
A．A new way to water plants. B．A tool to pick up leaves faster.
C．A machine to cut grass. D．A new type of broom.
25．What is the main message of the passage
A．Inventions are only made by scientists. B．Young people cannot be good inventors.
C．Creative ideas can come from anyone. D．Inventions require expensive equipment.
D
The Story of the Light Bulb
Today, we turn on lights with a simple switch. But it took years of hard work to make this possible. The invention of the electric light bulb is often credited to Thomas Edison, but the real story is more complex.
Before Edison, many scientists had worked on electric lighting. In 1802, Humphry Davy created the first electric light by passing electricity through a material. However, it was too bright and didn’t last long. In 1841, Frederick de Moleyns got the first patent for an incandescent light bulb, but it was not practical.
Edison began his work on the light bulb in 1878. He tested over 1,600 materials to find a suitable filament (灯丝). Finally, he used carbonized bamboo, which could last for over 1,200 hours. In 1879, Edison’s bulb became the first practical and long-lasting electric light.
However, a British scientist named Joseph Swan had also invented a similar bulb around the same time. The two men eventually joined their companies and formed Edison-Swan United.
The light bulb did not change the world overnight, but it gradually transformed how people lived and worked. It extended the day, made cities safer, and helped factories run at night. Without this invention, our modern world would look very different.
26．Who is often credited with inventing the electric light bulb
A．Humphry Davy. B．Joseph Swan. C．Frederick de Moleyns. D．Thomas Edison.
27．What did Edison test over 1,600 materials for
A．To find a cheap material. B．To find a suitable filament.
C．To make the bulb smaller. D．To get a patent.
28．How long could Edison’s carbonized bamboo filament last
A．Less than 100 hours. B．About 500 hours.
C．Over 1,200 hours. D．More than 2,000 hours.
29．What happened between Edison and Joseph Swan
A．They became enemies. B．They formed a joint company.
C．They stopped their research. D．They gave up their patents.
30．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of the light bulb
A．It made cities safer. B．It extended the day.
C．It helped factories run at night. D．It reduced the cost of electricity.
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life today would be quite different without refrigerators. How did people keep their food fresh before these machines were around
The first electric refrigerator was made in 1913. 31 In cold areas, ancient people could freeze (冷冻) their food. They could then store it in ice and snow. Warmer places allowed for drying food in sunlight.
One advanced method of food storage appeared in Persia around 400 BCE. People there stored food in buildings called Yakhchal. They were made from mud (泥) brick to keep ice frozen during even the warmest summer months.
During the Middle Ages, people preserved meat by salting or smoking it. They would also dry many foods, including grains. Vegetables were often salted. Many fruits were dried or turned into preserves. These foods could then be stored in cool places. 32
Later, buildings called ice houses or ice pits (坑) were built based on the idea of the Yakhchal. 33 A larger above-ground building covered the pit. Ice houses were very common by the 1800s. This is also when ice delivery (运送) became common.
At the end of the19th century, many people kept their food fresh in iceboxes made of wood. These boxes held large blocks of ice to keep food cool. 34
By the 1930s, many people were using electric refrigerators to keep food fresh. 35 Many refrigerators today come with built-in water filters (过滤器) and ice makers. Some people even choose smart refrigerators that can help them plan meals.
A．They were stored there after dinner.
B．People today have many ways to store food.
C．This allowed people to save food in times of need.
D．They were cooled by an underground pit full of ice.
E．Before then, people found other ways to store their food.
F．Ice delivery businesses grew as more homes required ice to preserve food.
G．Since then, growth in technology has led these machines to become more advanced.
第四部分 词汇运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
36．They crossed the sea and changed their ________ (位置).
37．Who ________ (发明) movable type printing
38．This tool is ________ (主要地) used for cutting.
39．The ________ (指南针) helped ancient sailors a lot.
40．In ________ (古代的) China, paper was very expensive.
41．Teachers e________ students to think independently.
42．You need lots of w________ to solve this difficult problem.
43．He won the first p________ in the city young inventor competition last year.
44．Be careful with the knife. Its edge is very s________ and you may cut your fingers.
45．The d________ of this new drug helped doctors save thousands of patients.
从方框中选择适当的词填空, 使短文意思完整。每空限填一词, 每词限用一次。
drawn, developed, died, pollution, best, tired, dangerous, riding, result, same
The bicycle is one of the simplest yet most useful inventions in the world. What is the most surprising is that it was not invented earlier, although the great inventor Leonardo da Vinci had 46 pictures for bicycles and also for flying machines and some other things. Those things were not produced until long after he 47 .
A person 48 a bicycle uses very little energy to make the bicycle move. And there is no 49 at all when you are riding. Even so, in 50 countries, most people don’t travel to work by bicycle. It is not because the bicycles are expensive or people feel 51 if they ride to work. It’s because the number of cars on the roads becomes larger. It certainly becomes more 52 to ride a bicycle. If a car knocks into a bicycle rider, it may be fatal (致命的). As a 53 , more people put their bicycles away and go to work in their cars. And in this way, the situation is made more serious. Perhaps the 54 way to make riding safer and more popular is to create paths (道路) only for bicycles. At the 55 time, if the government tries its best to make it so difficult and expensive for drivers to take their cars into the city, they will go back to use their bicycles.
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chris Haas was a 9-year-old kid. One day he noticed that his friends 56 (fail) to get “easy shots (投篮)” during a school basketball practice.
He was the son of a basketball coach. He knew a thing or two about 57 right way to aim and shoot. After trying to show his friends how it should be done, and 58 (give) them helpful advice on the right way to hold a ball, he came up with his invention: the hands-on basketball.
The hands-on basketball is a basketball training tool 59 kids. It has the picture of hands painted on it. It can help the kids know the correct place to hold the ball 60 trying to shoot baskets.
It was not easy for him 61 (make) his idea come true. When he first took part in an invention 62 (compete) at his school, he didn’t win. But with his 63 (teacher) encouragement, he went on trying his idea.
At last he got the patent. Then with the help of his dad, he went to several sports equipment companies asking whether they were 64 (interest) in buying the licensing rights (许可权) to his idea. None of them said yes.
He didn’t give up and a year and a half later he succeeded. His invention is now produced and sells 65 (success) around the world.
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。
A new and exciting invention now allows deaf people to see conversations in real time. Using augmented reality (AR) glasses and a smartphone, deaf and hearing-impaired (听力受损的) people are also able to join in everyday conversations.
The AR glasses were developed by Scarfe after he had a big dinner with his family. The man saw his 97-year-old hearing-impaired grandfather sitting alone in silence while the rest of the family were talking excitedly. His grandfather always watched TV shows with subtitles (字幕). He suddenly realized that maybe the AR glasses could help.
Scarfe got to work with Nreal, an AR glasses maker. Six months later, a new pair of AR glasses came out.
The glasses have a thing that receives the audio (音频) from the environment and sends it to a connected smartphone. The phone then creates subtitles for that audio. By special programs, these subtitles then appear on the user’s glasses’ screen.
The company tested the glasses in the UK. The UK was chosen as a testing ground as over 12million adults in Britain have hearing problems. However, when the product goes to the whole world, it could change the lives of about 430 million people.
66．How can the deaf and hearing-impaired people join in everyday conversations
67．What was Scarfe’s grandfather doing while others were talking excitedly
68．What will the glasses do after receiving the audio
69．How many people’s lives could be changed if the product goes around the world
70．If you have a chance to introduce this invention to someone in need, what would you say to him
书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
71．我们的生活中处处充满发明。请你根据以下表格内容，以“A Useful Invention”为题，用英语写一篇短文介绍手机，并分享我们该如何合理地使用手机。
Invention mobile phone
Inventor American, Martin Cooper
Time 1973
Usage communicate with others easily; study online; relax by listening to music; …
Your opinions about how to use them properly should not use them on school days …
要求：1. 短文内容应包含题目要求所给的全部信息，可适当发挥；
2. 语句正确，意思通顺、连贯，书写规范；
3. 短文中不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）；
4. 词数：不少于70。（开头已给出，但不计入总词数。）
A Useful Invention
The mobile phone is one of the most useful inventions.
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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A
【导语】本文首先介绍了指南针、造纸术、火药等中国古代伟大发明，随后阐述了伟大发明家坚持不懈、永不放弃的奋斗精神，最后鼓励当代学生向伟大人物学习，努力创造发明，实现个人梦想。
【解析】1．句意：世界各地的古人发明了许多有用的东西。
主语“Many useful things”和“invent”之间是被动关系，古代人属于过去时间，要用一般过去时的被动语态were invented。invent、invented、are inventing均为主动形式，不符合被动逻辑。
2．句意：指南针是中国最伟大的发明之一。
固定结构one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，此处表示发明物，应用inventions。invention为单数；inventor、inventors表示“发明家”，语义不符。
3．句意：在古代它被用来辨别方向。
主语“It”指代compass，和use是被动关系，in old days表示过去，用一般过去时被动was used。used缺少be动词；is using、uses都是主动语态，不符合题意。
4．句意：后来火药被应用在很多领域。
later表示过去的时间，become的过去式为 became。is become、were become属于语法错误，become没有被动形式；become为动词原形，时态不对。
5．句意：有时候他们在最终成功之前会失败很多次。
根据上下文逻辑，是成功之前经历多次失败，应用before。after“在……之后”；though“虽然”；because“因为”，逻辑不通。
6．句意：他们的智慧鼓励我们不断思考。
主语“Their wisdom”是不可数名词，根据上下文语境，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数encourages。encourage是原形；encouraging是动名词/动词的现在分词；encouraged为过去式，时态主谓不一致。
7．句意：他们教我们要有新想法，尝试新材料。
固定搭配teach sb. to do sth.“教某人做某事”，要用不定式to think。think动词原形；thinking动名词；thought过去式，均不满足搭配要求。
8．句意：科学技术持续发展。
固定搭配keep doing sth.“持续做某事”，keep后接动名词developing。develop动词原形；developed过去式；develops三单形式，均不符合搭配。
9．句意：如果我们努力，我们可以做出属于自己小小的贡献。
固定短语make contributions表示“作出贡献”，contribution为可数名词，此处泛指贡献，用复数形式contributions。contribute是动词；contribution单数需要冠词修饰；contributing是动名词，语法不成立。
10．句意：也许我们的一些梦想终有一天会实现。
“梦想实现”用固定短语come true。come out“出版”；come over“过来”；come on“加油”，语义不符，will后接动词原形。
11．B 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了印度少年Aarrav为帮助患有帕金森病的叔叔解决进食困难而发明智能勺子的故事。
【解析】11．根据第一段“He saw his uncle, who has Parkinson’ disease (PD) (帕金森病), struggling to feed himself. Food kept falling out of his mouth, making him look like a mess”和第三段“Aarrav wanted his uncle to be able to eat by himself”可知，阿拉夫看到患有帕金森病的叔叔挣扎着喂他自己。食物不停地从他嘴里掉出来，弄得一团糟，以及后文提到阿拉夫希望他的叔叔能够自己吃饭，故此处应表示他想做出改变，改变叔叔现在这种情况，选项B“他想要做出改变。”符合语境。
12．根据第一段“He saw his uncle, who has Parkinson’s disease (PD) (帕金森病), struggling to feed himself.”及后文“ Food kept falling out of his mouth,”可知，他的叔叔患有帕金森病，所以应是在吃饭时是行动不便的，所以划线单词表示“做某事有困难”。
13．文章第四段“It was disappointing not to be able to find certain parts I needed in India. I had to buy some from abroad”指出，他遇到的问题是部分所需物品在印度本地无法买到。
14．文章第五段主要讲述了Aarrav对智能勺子所做的改进，包括防水、易分离、勺子更深等。因此本段主要讲的是Aarrav所做的改进。
15．全文围绕擅长机械的少年Aarrav为帮助帕金森病患者研发智能辅助勺的事件展开，A项精准覆盖核心人物、发明对象与服务群体。
16．B 17．C 18．C 19．C 20．A
【导语】本文讲述了美国兄妹Hannah和Charlie因Hannah患病被欺凌而开发求助app“not OK”的故事。
【解析】16．第一段“a message will be sent to five preselected (预先设定的) people”表明，按下按钮后信息会发送给五个预先设定的人。
17．第一段“Please call me, text me, or come to find me.”中“text me”与“call me”和“come to find me”并列，表示通过手机发信息。
18．第三段“Hannah was inspired to make the app...she wanted to find an app that would allow her to get help when she wasn’t feeling OK.”表明，创建app的主要目的是寻求帮助。
19．第三段“She developed an illness”对应a；第三段“When they couldn’t find one”对应d；第四段“Charlie took a programming class in summer”对应b；第四段“the app came out in the US and Canada in January”对应c。因此顺序为a, d, b, c。
20．第一段描述app操作简单（just open the app, touch the button），第3至4段说明它帮助了需要帮助的人，因此“simple and helpful”为该app的最佳描述。
21．B 22．B 23．B 24．B 25．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过两位少年发明者Gitanjali Rao与Sam Houghton的故事，说明年龄和出身并不重要，任何人随时都可以产生有创造性的想法。
【解析】21．根据文章第二段中“In 2017, she invented a device called “Tethys” to test for lead (铅) in drinking water.”，直接说明Gitanjali Rao发明了一款检测水中铅的装置。
22．根据文章第二段中“She was inspired by the water crisis in Flint, Michigan.”，可知是密歇根州弗林特市的水危机启发了她的这项发明。
23．根据文章第二段中“Her device uses carbon nanotubes to detect lead.”，表明她的装置是使用碳纳米管来检测铅。
24．根据文章第三段中“At just three years old, he came up with a tool to pick up leaves more quickly.”，说明Sam Houghton想出一个可以更快捡拾树叶的工具。
25．根据文章最后一段中“These stories show that age and background don’t matter. A creative idea can come from anyone, at any time.”，点明文章主旨：创造性想法可以来自任何人。
26．D 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述电灯泡的发明故事，介绍在爱迪生之前多位科学家对电灯的研究，讲述爱迪生研制实用灯泡的过程，同时介绍Joseph Swan的相关发明，以及灯泡对人类生活带来的重大改变。
【解析】26．根据文章第一段中“The invention of the electric light bulb is often credited to Thomas Edison”，这句话表明人们通常认为Thomas Edison发明了电灯泡。
27．根据文章第三段中“He tested over 1,600 materials to find a suitable filament (灯丝).”，这句话说明爱迪生测试1600多种材料的目的是找到合适的灯丝。
28．根据文章第三段中“Finally, he used carbonized bamboo, which could last for over 1,200 hours.”，这句话说明碳化竹灯丝可以持续使用1200小时以上。
29．根据文章第四段中“The two men eventually joined their companies and formed Edison Swan United.”，这句话说明两人合并公司，组建了一家合资公司。
30．根据文章最后一段中“It extended the day, made cities safer, and helped factories run at night.”，文中提到灯泡的好处有延长白昼、让城市更安全、帮助工厂夜间运转，没有提到降低用电成本。
31．E 32．C 33．D 34．F 35．G
【导语】本文以冰箱为线索，按照时间顺序介绍了冰箱诞生前从古至今人类储存食物的各类方法，以及现代冰箱不断升级的发展历程。
【解析】31．前文“The first electric refrigerator was made in 1913.”介绍第一台电冰箱诞生于1913年，后文讲述古代人依靠冰雪、日晒来储存食物，空处起到转折过渡作用，引出冰箱诞生前的储食方式。E项“Before then, people found other ways to store their food.” 中then指代1913年，说明在电冰箱出现前人们有其他储存食物的办法，衔接前后古今储食内容。
32．前文介绍中世纪人们通过腌制、熏制、风干等方式处理食物，再将食物存放于阴凉处，空处总结这类储存方式带来的好处。C项“This allowed people to save food in times of need.”表示这些方法让人们可以储备食物以备不时之需，承接前文各类食物保存手段。
33．前文“Later, buildings called ice houses or ice pits (坑) were built based on the idea of the Yakhchal.”引出冰窖、冰屋，后文“A larger above-ground building covered the pit.”介绍地面建筑遮盖冰坑，空处说明冰窖的制冷原理。D项“They were cooled by an underground pit full of ice.”中They指代ice houses or ice pits，讲解地下冰坑为其降温，衔接冰窖构造相关内容。
34．前文“These boxes held large blocks of ice to keep food cool.”说明木质冰盒依靠冰块保鲜，前文也提到1800年代冰块运送开始普及，空处承接冰块供应相关话题。F项“Ice delivery businesses grew as more homes required ice to preserve food.”表示随着更多家庭需要冰块保鲜，送冰行业发展壮大，呼应前文冰块运送普及、冰盒靠冰块制冷的内容。
35．前文“By the 1930s, many people were using electric refrigerators to keep food fresh.”点明20世纪30年代电冰箱普及，后文介绍如今冰箱配备滤水器、制冰机甚至智能功能，空处衔接电冰箱的技术升级。G项“Since then, growth in technology has led these machines to become more advanced.”中then指代20世纪30年代，说明此后技术发展让冰箱变得更先进，自然过渡到现代冰箱的多样功能。
36．positions
【解析】句意：他们渡过了大海，改变了位置。根据汉语提示可知，position“位置”，可数名词，由前面的their可知，此处用复数形式。
37．invented
【解析】句意：谁发明了活字印刷术？invent“发明”，活字印刷术的发明发生在过去，句子要用一般过去时，invent的过去式为invented。
38．mainly
【解析】句意：这个工具主要被用来切割。括号中文提示“主要地”，空格处修饰动词used，需要使用副词mainly。故填mainly。
39．compass
【解析】句意：指南针对古代水手帮助很大。“指南针”对应的英文名词是compass，此处特指这一工具的作用，单数形式符合语境。应填compass。
40．ancient
【解析】句意：在中国古代，纸张十分昂贵。ancient“古代的，古老的”，形容词，修饰名词China，作定语。故填ancient。
41．encourage/ncourage
【解析】句意：教师鼓励学生独立思考。根据“Teachers e… students to think independently.”可知，此处是encourage sb. to do sth.，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。
42．wisdom/isdom
【解析】句意：你需要大量的智慧来解决这个难题。句中“lots of”后可接不可数名词，结合句意及首字母提示，此处表示“智慧”，应用单词wisdom，wisdom为不可数名词，应填wisdom。
43．prize/rize
【解析】句意：去年他在市青少年发明家大赛中获得一等奖。根据语境以及首字母可知，此处表达“奖品”的意思，prize奖，奖品。“first prize”是固定搭配，意为“一等奖”。故填prize。
44．sharp/harp
【解析】句意：小心这把刀。它的刀刃很锋利，你可能会割破手指。空格前副词very用来修饰形容词，结合首字母s与后文“cut your fingers”的提示，sharp表示“锋利的”，符合句子逻辑，故填sharp。
45．discovery/iscovery
【解析】句意：这种新药的发现帮助医生拯救了成千上万的病人。空格前定冠词The、空格后介词of提示此处需要填入名词，首字母d提示单词discovery，discovery表示“发现”，the discovery of...为固定结构，意为“……的发现”，在句中作主语，符合句子语法与语义逻辑，故填discovery。
46．
drawn 47．
died 48．
riding 49．
pollution 50．
developed 51．
tired 52．
dangerous 53．
result 54．
best 55．
same
【导语】本文介绍了自行车是世界上最简单却也是最有用的发明之一。
【解析】46．句意：最令人意外的是，自行车并没有更早被发明出来；尽管伟大的发明家列奥纳多 达 芬奇曾经绘制过自行车、飞行器以及其他一些物品的草图。此处为过去完成时had done，draw的过去分词是drawn。
47．句意：那些东西直到他死后很久才被生产出来。after引导的时间状语从句，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去式died。
48．句意：骑自行车的人只需消耗极少的能量就能让自行车前进。此处用现在分词riding作后置定语修饰person，表示主动关系。
49．句意：当你骑车时根本没有污染。no后接名词，根据语境指环境污染，填pollution。
50．句意：即便如此，在发达国家，大多数人并不骑自行车上班。developed countries为固定搭配，意为“发达国家”。
51．句意：这并不是因为自行车价格昂贵，也不是人们骑车上班会感到疲惫。feel为系动词，后接形容词作表语，填tired。
52．句意：骑自行车无疑会变得更加危险。become为系动词，后接形容词，more后接多音节形容词原级，填dangerous。
53．句意：结果，更多人把自行车搁置一旁，开车上班。As a result为固定短语，意为“结果”。
54．句意：或许让骑行变得更安全、更普及的最佳办法是修建仅供自行车通行的专用车道。the后接形容词最高级，根据句意，此处指最好的办法，填best。
55．句意：与此同时，如果政府尽全力提高驾车者开车进城的难度与成本，人们将会重新选择骑自行车出行。At the same time为固定短语，意为“同时”。
56．failed 57．the 58．giving 59．for 60．when/while 61．to make 62．competition 63．teacher’s 64．interested 65．successfully
【导语】本文讲述9岁男孩Chris Haas看到朋友们篮球投篮总失败，凭借对投篮的了解，发明印有手掌图案的篮球训练工具。历经校园发明比赛失利、多家体育设备公司拒绝，在老师和父亲的帮助下不放弃，最终获得专利，产品在全球成功销售的故事。
【解析】56．句意：一天，在学校篮球训练期间，他注意到他的朋友们没能完成 “轻松投篮”。 根据主句noticed（一般过去时）可知，宾语从句时态用一般过去时，fail的过去式为failed。
57．句意：他对于瞄准和投篮的正确方法略知一二。 该处指的是 “正确的方法”，表特指，因此填定冠词the。
58．句意：在尽力向朋友们展示该怎么做，并且就持球的正确方式给他们有用的建议之后，他想出了他的发明：实操篮球。 and连接并列结构，and前面是trying，介词after 后接动名词，因此give也应变为动名词giving。
59．句意：这款实操篮球是一款给孩子们使用的篮球训练工具。 根据“kids”可知，该处表达 “为、给（对象）”，因此用介词for。
60．句意：它可以帮助孩子们在尝试投篮的时候知道持球的正确位置。 根据句子逻辑，此处表达 “当……时候”，用when/while引导的时间状语。
61．句意：对他来说让想法成为现实并不容易。 固定句型“It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”意思为“对某人来说做某事是…… 的”，动词不定式作主语，因此填to make。
62．句意：当他第一次参加学校的一场发明比赛时，他没有获胜。 “an invention”后需要名词单数，表示“一场发明比赛”，compete动词，名词形式为competition，用名词单数。
63．句意：但是在他老师的鼓励下，他继续尝试实现自己的想法。 根据后面名词“encouragement”，可知此处表示所属关系 “老师的”，用名词所有格teacher’s。
64．句意：之后在爸爸的帮助下，他去找几家体育器材公司，询问他们是否对购买他创意的许可权感兴趣。 固定搭配“be interested in”意思为“对……感兴趣”，修饰人用 ed 形容词，因此填interested。
65．句意：现在他的发明被生产出来，并且在全世界销售得很成功。 修饰动词sells要用副词，success名词，副词形式为successfully。
66．By using AR glasses and a smartphone. /By using augmented reality glasses and a smartphone. 67．He was sitting alone in silence. 68．They will send the audio to a connected smartphone. 69．About 430 million. 70．I think they are really useful/innovative. (开放性试题，答案合理即可)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种帮助聋人和听力受损者进行实时交流的新发明——AR眼镜，包括其发明初衷、工作原理及潜在影响。
【解析】66．根据文章第1段“Using augmented reality (AR) glasses and a smartphone, deaf and hearing-impaired people are also able to join in everyday conversations.”，聋人和听力受损者可以通过使用AR眼镜和智能手机加入日常对话。
67．根据文章第2段“The man saw his 97-year-old hearing-impaired grandfather sitting alone in silence while the rest of the family were talking excitedly.”，Scarfe 的爷爷当时正独自安静地坐着。
68．根据文章第4段“The glasses have a thing that receives the audio from the environment and sends it to a connected smartphone.”，眼镜接收到音频后会将其发送到连接的智能手机。
69．根据文章第5段“However, when the product goes to the whole world, it could change the lives of about 430 million people.”，如果产品走向全球，大约4.3亿人的生活可能被改变。
70．本题为开放性试题，答案言之有理即可。
71．例文：
A Useful Invention
The mobile phone is one of the most useful inventions. It was invented by Martin Cooper, an American, in 1973.
Mobile phones are widely used in our daily life. They help us communicate with others easily. We can also use them to study online and relax by listening to music. Besides, they are useful for taking photos and checking maps.
As teenagers, we should use mobile phones properly. First, we should not use them on school days. Second, we need to control the time spent on phones and use them mainly for learning. In this way, mobile phones can truly become one of the most helpful inventions.
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：说明文，主要介绍一项发明并给出建议。时态以一般现在时为主，介绍发明历史时使用一般过去时。
明确要点：1. 手机的基本信息（发明者、时间）；2. 手机的用途（沟通、学习、放松等）；3. 合理使用手机的建议。
确定人称：第一人称（I/we）和第三人称（It/They）结合使用。
注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，词数不少于70词。
[第二步：构思布局]
开篇：承接给出的开头，引出手机这项发明。
主体：介绍手机的发明者及时间；列举手机在日常生活中的多种用途。
结尾：针对青少年提出合理使用手机的建议，并进行总结升华。
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：手机的基本信息
被某人发明：was invented by Martin Cooper/was created by Martin Cooper等
时间表达：in 1973/back in 1973等
要点二：手机的用途
沟通：communicate with others easily/keep in touch with friends/talk to people far away等
在线学习：study online/take online classes/learn new knowledge on the Internet等
放松：relax by listening to music/enjoy music to relax/listen to songs to have fun等
其他用途：take photos/check maps/watch videos等
要点三：合理使用手机的建议
不在上学日使用：should not use them on school days/shouldn't bring them to school/leave them at home on weekdays等
控制时间：control the time spent on phones/limit screen time/not spend too much time on phones等
用于学习：use them mainly for learning/make good use of them to study/use them as learning tools等
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