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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2026 - 2027学年八年级英语上册单元全真模拟培优卷仁爱科普版（新教材）
Unit 4 Changing and Growing
注意事项：
1．本试卷共七大题，满分120分（不含听力口语30分），考试用时100分钟；
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在相对应的位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题。
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Tom is an eighth-grader. These days he has been thinking a lot about his 1 . He used to be short and thin, but now he 2 taller and stronger. However, he feels worried because his voice is changing sometimes. He is afraid that his classmates will laugh at him. His parents 3 him not to worry and say it’s part of growing up. But Tom still can’t 4 his shyness. One day, his teacher noticed his problem and talked to him. She told him everyone goes through these 5 during adolescence. She also advised him to 6 his feelings with his friends. Tom took her advice and found that many of his friends had similar problems. Now he feels more 7 and knows it’s okay to change. He even joined a basketball club and made more friends. He realizes that growing up means 8 both the good and bad changes. “Don’t be afraid of 9 ,” he says. “Talk to someone you trust, and you’ll find it’s not a big deal.” Now Tom enjoys his 10 as a teenager and looks forward to more changes.
1．A．changes B．studies C．hobbies D．friends
2．A．becomes B．became C．has become D．was becoming
3．A．make B．tell C．expect D．let
4．A．deal with B．look for C．find out D．talk about
5．A．stories B．problems C．changes D．feelings
6．A．share B．keep C．hide D．write
7．A．worried B．stressed C．relaxed D．tired
8．A．accepting B．refusing C．stopping D．avoiding
9．A．success B．changes C．failure D．hobbies
10．A．study B．life C．hobby D．time
第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Adolescence is a time of great changes. Your body grows faster than any other time in your life. You may feel confused, excited, or even angry about these changes. Here are some tips to help you deal with growing-up problems:
First, learn about adolescence. Read books or talk to your parents to understand that these changes are normal. Knowing what to expect can make you feel less worried.
Second, communicate with others. Talk to your parents, teachers, or friends about your feelings. They can give you advice and support.
Third, take care of yourself. Eat healthy food, get enough sleep, and exercise regularly. This can help you feel good about your body.
Finally, be kind to yourself. Don’t criticize yourself for your changes. Remember that everyone grows at their own pace.
11．What is adolescence according to the passage
A．A time of little change. B．A time of great changes.
C．A time of only physical changes. D．A time of only mental changes.
12．What can you do to understand the changes are normal
A．Read books or talk to parents. B．Keep your feelings to yourself.
C．Refuse to talk to teachers. D．Criticize yourself.
13．Which of the following is NOT a tip mentioned in the passage
A．Learn about adolescence. B．Communicate with others.
C．Play computer games all day. D．Take care of yourself.
14．What does the underlined word “pace” mean in Chinese
A．速度 B．机会 C．方式 D．挑战
15．What is the main idea of the passage
A．How to grow taller quickly.
B．How to deal with growing-up problems.
C．Why adolescence is difficult.
D．What changes happen during adolescence.
B
When I was 13 years old, I started to notice big changes in my body. I grew taller quickly, and my voice began to crack sometimes. I felt embarrassed when this happened in class. I didn’t want to talk to anyone about it, not even my parents. I thought I was the only one going through this.
One day, my mom noticed that I was quiet and asked me what was wrong. I told her about my worries. She smiled and said, “This is just part of growing up. I went through the same thing when I was your age.” She also told me that all my classmates were probably having similar changes. Then she took me to a library and we read some books about adolescence. I learned that these changes were normal.
After that, I started to talk to my friends. To my surprise, many of them had the same feelings as me. Now I don’t feel embarrassed anymore. I know that growing up is a natural process and everyone goes through it.
16．What was the writer’s worry when he was 13
A．He didn’t do well in his studies.
B．He had problems with his friends.
C．He went through body changes and felt embarrassed.
D．His parents were too strict with him.
17．Who helped the writer solve his problem first
A．His teacher. B．His mom. C．His friend. D．His doctor.
18．What did the writer and his mom do at the library
A．They borrowed some storybooks. B．They read books about adolescence.
C．They met some friends. D．They talked with a librarian.
19．How did the writer feel after talking to his friends
A．More embarrassed. B．More worried.
C．Less stressed. D．More lonely.
20．What does the writer learn from his experience
A．Growing up is a natural process.
B．He should keep his problems to himself.
C．His parents don’t understand him.
D．He is the only one with body changes.
C
The Teenage Years
The period of time from age 13 to 19 is called the teenage years. It is a very important stage of human life. During this time, many important changes take place in both the body and the mind.
Physical changes are the most obvious. As teenagers grow older, their bodies reach their full adult height. Hair grows in new areas, and their voices also change. For girls, this usually happens between the ages of 10 and 14. For boys, it happens a little later, between 12 and 16.
Mental and emotional changes are also important. Teenagers start to think more independently. They develop their own opinions and ideas. They also become more aware of their own feelings and the feelings of others. This can be a confusing time, but it is also a time of great growth.
Learning to deal with these changes is an important part of growing up. With support from family and friends, teenagers can navigate this stage successfully and become healthy, confident adults.
21．What age range is considered the teenage years
A．10 to 16. B．12 to 18. C．13 to 19. D．14 to 20.
22．What physical change happens during the teenage years
A．Eyesight improves. B．Voices change.
C．Hair disappears. D．Height decreases.
23．When do girls usually experience physical changes
A．Between 10 and 14. B．Between 12 and 16.
C．Between 14 and 18. D．Between 16 and 20.
24．What mental change happens during the teenage years
A．Teenagers become less independent. B．Teenagers start to think more independently.
C．Teenagers lose their opinions. D．Teenagers become unaware of others' feelings.
25．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The teenage years are a time of many changes. B．Teenagers are too young to make decisions.
C．Physical changes are the only changes. D．Teenagers should avoid friends.
D
Dealing with Changes During Adolescence
Adolescence is a period of many changes. Both boys and girls go through physical and emotional changes. These changes can sometimes cause stress and confusion. However, with the right mindset and support, teenagers can navigate this period successfully.
Physical changes can be challenging. For example, some teenagers may gain weight quickly. Others may grow taller or develop in other ways. It is important to remember that these changes are normal. Everyone goes through them at different times and at different paring yourself to others can make you feel bad about yourself. Instead, focus on being healthy and accepting your body.
Emotional changes are also common during adolescence. Teenagers may feel lonely, unhappy, or confused. They might argue with their parents or have conflicts with friends. These feelings are also normal. It helps to talk to someone you trust, such as a family member or a close friend. Sharing your feelings can make you feel less alone and more understood.
In conclusion, adolescence is a time of growth and change. It can be difficult, but it is also a time to learn about yourself and build strong relationships. Remember, you are not alone in this journey.
26．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Adolescence is only about physical changes.
B．Adolescence involves many changes and there are ways to deal with them.
C．Teenagers should not talk to their parents.
D．Physical changes are more important than emotional changes.
27．What is one example of physical change mentioned in the passage
A．Arguing with parents. B．Feeling lonely.
C．Gaining weight. D．Making new friends.
28．What should teenagers focus on instead of comparing themselves to others
A．Being healthy and accepting their body. B．Being the best in their class.
C．Changing their appearance. D．Ignoring their feelings.
29．What is one way to deal with emotional changes
A．Keep feelings to yourself. B．Talk to someone you trust.
C．Argue with your parents. D．Avoid your friends.
30．What does the author say about the journey of adolescence
A．It is always easy. B．You are alone in this journey.
C．It is a time of growth and learning. D．It is not important.
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you had a headache (头疼) during a test Have you ever been so worried about something that you have a headache or even can’t sleep at night 31 Pressure (压力) is what you feel when you are worried about something.
This worry in your mind can make your body feel bad. You may feel angry, sad or scared, all of which can give you a stomachache (胃疼) or headache.
32 Some kinds of pressure are good and others are bad. Good pressure might happen when you’re called to answer questions in class or when you have to give a speech. This kind of pressure can help you to get things done better. 33
On the other hand, bad pressure can happen if the pressure lasts too long. You may not feel good if your parents are fighting, if a family member is sick, or if anything else makes you unhappy every day. 34
35 Make sure you keep the following in mind: Sleep, exercise, leisure (休闲) and food. If you exercise and leave time for fun, you’ll probably fight pressure.
A．If so, then you know what pressure is.
B．However, there are different kinds of pressure.
C．Can you tell a kind of pressure from another one
D．The best way to fight pressure is to have a balanced (均衡的) life.
E．That kind of pressure isn’t going to help you, and it can really make you sick.
F．Since bad pressure is bad for us, we’d better try to change it into good pressure.
G．For example, you may do a better job on your test if the pressure pushes you to prepare better before the test.
第四部分 词汇运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
36．Answering the teacher’s question correctly gave him more ________ (信心).
37．My parents never ________ (争论) with each other about small things at home.
38．Taking a deep ________ (呼吸) can help you relax when you are nervous.
39．Han Lin didn’t pass the exam. How ________ (沮丧的) he was!
40．You should keep ________ (镇静的) when you are in trouble.
41．Mary is so shy that she always feels n_________ when she speaks in public.
42．If you want to go to the concert, you need to book t_________ online quickly.
43．Learning to manage time well can reduce s_______ in daily life.
44．Last year, Li Hong had t________ with her English grammar, but now she has improved a lot.
45．She made several c________ mistakes in her math exam, so she didn’t get a good grade.
从方框中选择适当的单词填入空白处，每词限用一次
vision touch taste smell hearing calm nervous regret breath upset
Our five senses help us experience the world around us. 46 allows us to see beautiful paintings and read books. 47 lets us enjoy music and hear the voices of our loved ones. We use 48 to know if food is sweet or sour. Our sense of 49 helps us enjoy the fragrance of flowers. And 50 helps us feel the softness of a cat’s fur.
Sometimes we feel 51 or stressed. When that happens, we need to find ways to relax. Taking a deep 52 can help us feel 53 . Listening to soft music can also calm us down. If we do something foolish, we might 54 it later. But we should not stay 55 for too long. Instead, we should learn from our mistakes and move forward.
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
Why do we remember exciting days better than normal ones Because our feelings help form our memories.
When we have strong feelings like sadness, a part of our brain will become more active. This part of the brain gives out some 56 (chemical) and helps keep memories well. Take my science project 57 example. I always feel tired when doing it. But my friend Fang Fang feels excited about it, so 58 (she) memory about the project is better than mine.
However, this link can bring bad effects too. If someone often feels stressed, he may have 59 (bad) memories than those with a peaceful mind. These memories can make them think about bad thoughts 60 (easy).
I still remember the 61 (three) time when I won a school competition. The happiness that day was 62 unforgettable memory for me. If you want to remember something important, try to link it with a positive feeling. For example, a happy song or a picture can be a good 63 (choose).
So far, my classmate Lily 64 (use) this method to improve her history lesson. You will not improve your memory well 65 you learn to control your feelings. So, keep a positive feeling to help build better memories!
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题，每题答案不超过6个单词。
How to Overcome Nervousness
Nervousness is a common feeling, especially when you are facing something new or challenging. Whether it’s a speech, an exam, or a first date, nervousness can make you feel uncomfortable. But there are ways to overcome it.
One simple method is to practice mindfulness. Pay attention to your breath. Take slow, deep breaths. This can calm your mind and body. Another useful technique is to prepare well. If you are prepared, you will feel more confident. For example, if you have a speech, practice it many times until you know it well.
It also helps to change your mindset. Instead of thinking about all the things that could go wrong, focus on the positive. Imagine yourself succeeding. This can boost your confidence and reduce nervousness.
Finally, remember that a little nervousness can actually be helpful. It can make you more alert and focused. The key is to keep it under control.
66．What is a common feeling when facing something new
67．What should you pay attention to in mindfulness
68．What can help you feel more confident
69．What should you focus on instead of negative thoughts
70．Can a little nervousness be helpful
书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
71．“广大青年要厚植家国情怀、涵养进取品格，以奋斗姿态激扬青春，不负时代，不负华年。”习主席对青年一代提出殷切希望，为当代青年的成长指引航向，为此，我校发起“How to be a Sunshine Teenager”的主题征文，请根据以下提示写一篇关于自己的征文，词数80左右。
要点提示：1. Do you often go to meaningful places
2. Do you help your parents with housework
3. Do you have a healthy lifestyle
4. Something more about “How to be a Sunshine Teenager”.
1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范；
3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。
How to be a Sunshine Teenager
To be a sunshine teenager, we should have ideas.
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了八年级学生Tom面对青春期身体与心理变化产生烦恼，在老师开导后学会接纳成长中的各类变化的故事。
【解析】1．句意：这些天他一直在思考很多关于自己的变化。
联系下文他身高、体型、嗓音都在发生改变，changes“变化”符合语境；studies“学习”、hobbies“爱好”、friends“朋友”，均不符合青春期身体发生变化的语境。
2．句意：他过去又矮又瘦，但是现在他已经变得更高更强壮。
联系前句used to be表示过去的样子，此处强调到现在为止产生的变化，现在完成时has become符合语境；becomes为一般现在时、became为一般过去时、was becoming为过去进行时，均不符合时态语境。
3．句意：他的父母告诉他不要担心，并且说这是成长的一部分。
联系上下文父母在安慰开导Tom，tell“告诉”符合语境，tell sb. not to do sth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事”；expect“期待”语境不符，make“使”、let“让”，不符合此处句式与语境。
4．句意：但是Tom仍然不能处理他的害羞。
联系上文他依旧为此事烦恼，deal with“处理；应对”，符合语境。look for“寻找”、find out“查明”、talk about“谈论”，均不符合应对害羞情绪的语境。
5．句意：她告诉他每个人在青春期都会经历这些变化。
联系全文围绕青春期各类变化展开，虽然文中提到problem，但全文主题围绕changes展开，因此changes“变化”更符合语境；stories“故事”、problems“问题”、feelings“感受”，均不符合青春期经历生理心理转变的语境。
6．句意：她还建议他和朋友分享自己的感受。
联系后文朋友也有着相似的困扰，share“分享”，符合语境。keep“保留”、hide“隐藏”、write“写”，均不符合和朋友倾诉感受的语境。
7．句意：现在他感到更放松了，也知道变化是没关系的。
联系上文他听从老师建议，发现朋友也有同类烦恼，relaxed“放松的”符合语境；worried“担忧的”、stressed“焦虑的”、tired“疲惫的”，均不符合心态好转后的语境。
8．句意：他意识到成长意味着要接纳好的和坏的变化。
联系全文主题学会面对成长改变，accepting“接纳”，符合语境。refusing“拒绝”、stopping“停止”、avoiding“回避”，均不符合语境。
9．句意：“不要害怕变化，”他说道。
联系整篇文章围绕青春期的各类变化展开，changes“变化”，符合语境。success“成功”、failure“失败”、hobbies“爱好”，均不符合语境。
10．句意：现在Tom享受作为一名青少年的生活，并且期待更多的改变。
联系上下文Tom心态发生转变，life“生活”，符合语境；study“学习”、hobby“爱好”、time“时光”，均不符合青少年生活的语境。
11．B 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文介绍了青春期是变化巨大的阶段，人们会产生多种情绪感受，并给出四条应对成长问题的实用建议。
【解析】11．根据原文第一句“Adolescence is a time of great changes.”，青春期是一个变化巨大的时期。
12．根据原文第二段“Read books or talk to your parents to understand that these changes are normal.”，可以通过读书或者和父母交谈来明白这些变化是正常的。
13．文中提到的建议有了解青春期、和他人交流、照顾好自己、善待自己，“整天玩电脑游戏”没有被提及。
14．“everyone grows at their own pace”意思是每个人都按照自己的速度成长，所以pace译为“速度”。
15．根据第一段“Here are some tips to help you deal with growing-up problems”，全文主旨是介绍如何应对成长过程中的问题。
16．C 17．B 18．B 19．C 20．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在13岁时面对身体变化的尴尬与担忧，在妈妈的帮助和朋友的交流下，认识到成长是自然过程的故事。
【解析】16．根据第一段“When I was 13 years old, I started to notice big changes in my body…I felt embarrassed when this happened in class.”可知，作者13岁时担心身体变化并感到尴尬。
17．根据第二段“One day, my mom noticed that I was quiet and asked me what was wrong. I told her about my worries.”可知，是妈妈最先发现并帮助作者解决了问题。
18．根据第二段“Then she took me to a library and we read some books about adolescence.”可知，他们在图书馆读了关于青春期的书籍。
19．根据第三段“Now I don’t feel embarrassed anymore.”可知，作者不再感到尴尬，说明心理负担减轻，压力变小了。
20．根据第三段“I know that growing up is a natural process and everyone goes through it.”可知，作者从经历中学到成长是一个自然的过程。
21．C 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．A
【导语】本文介绍青少年时期（13至19岁），阐述青少年阶段身体与心理、情绪发生的各类变化，并说明家人朋友的支持能帮助青少年顺利度过这一成长阶段。
【解析】21．根据文章第一段第一句“The period of time from age 13 to 19 is called the teenage years.”，青少年时期指的是13到19岁。
22．根据文章第二段“Hair grows in new areas, and their voices also change.”可知，声音变化是青少年时期发生的身体变化之一。
23．根据文章第二段“For girls, this usually happens between the ages of 10 and 14.”可知，女孩通常在10到14岁之间经历身体变化。
24．根据文章第三段“Teenagers start to think more independently.”可知，青少年开始更独立地思考，这是心理变化之一。
25．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了青少年时期身体和心理发生的多种变化，以及如何应对这些变化。A 选项“青少年时期是充满许多变化的时期”最能概括文章主旨。
26．B 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文介绍了青春期是青少年经历生理、情绪多方面变化的成长阶段，说明这些变化都是正常的，并给出了对应合理的应对方式，点明这段成长旅程中青少年并非独自面对，引导大家顺利度过青春期。
【解析】26．文章第一段指出青春期有很多变化，且通过正确心态和支持可以成功应对；中间段落分别介绍了身体和情绪变化及建议；最后一段总结这是成长的旅程。B选项“Adolescence involves many changes and there are ways to deal with them.”最能概括全文主旨。
27．根据第二段中“For example, some teenagers may gain weight quickly.”可知，体重增加是文中提到的身体发生生理变化的例子。
28．根据第二段最后一句“Instead, focus on being healthy and accepting your body.”可知，青少年应关注健康并接受身体，而不是与他人比较。
29．根据第三段中“It helps to talk to someone you trust, such as a family member or a close friend.”可知，和信任的人倾诉是应对情绪变化的方法。
30．根据最后一段“adolescence is a time of growth and change ... it is also a time to learn about yourself”可知，作者认为青春期是成长和了解自我的阶段，即成长和学习的过程。
31．A 32．B 33．G 34．E 35．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了压力的定义、压力的不同类型（良性压力与不良压力），以及对抗压力的有效方法。
31．根据前文“Have you had a headache during a test Have you ever been so worried about something that you have a headache or even can’t sleep at night ”及后文“Pressure is what you feel when you are worried about something.”可知，空处句子需衔接前文的问句与后文的定义，A选项“如果是这样，那你就知道压力是什么了。”符合语境。故选A。
32．根据后文“Some kinds of pressure are good and others are bad.”可知，空处需引出后文对压力类型的分类，B选项“然而，有不同类型的压力。”符合语境。故选B。
33．根据前文“Good pressure might happen when you’re called to answer questions in class or when you have to give a speech. This kind of pressure can help you to get things done better.”可知，空处需体现良性压力的具体例子，G选项“比如，如果压力促使你在考前更好地准备，你可能会在考试中表现得更好。”符合语境。故选G。
34．根据前文“On the other hand, bad pressure can happen if the pressure lasts too long...if anything else makes you unhappy every day.”可知，空处应是对“坏压力”的后果进行总结或评价。E选项“这种压力对你没有帮助，还会让你生病。”符合语境。故选E。
35．根据后文“Make sure you keep the following in mind: Sleep, exercise, leisure and food. If you exercise and leave time for fun, you’ll probably fight pressure.”可知，空处应是一个总起句，引出应对压力的方法。D选项“对抗压力的最佳方法是拥有均衡的生活。”符合语境。故选D。
36．
confidence
【解析】句意：正确回答老师的问题给了他更多的信心。空处需填名词作直接宾语，中文“信心”对应名词confidence，为不可数名词。
37．argue
【解析】句意：我的父母从不在家里为小事争吵。主语My parents为复数，且never表明是一般现在时，动词用原形。“争论”的英文表达为argue。
38．breath
【解析】句意：紧张的时候深呼吸能帮你放松。固定搭配take a deep breath表示“深呼吸”，此处需填名词breath被deep修饰。
39．
upset
【解析】句意：韩林没有通过考试。他多么沮丧啊！根据汉语提示“沮丧的”可知，此处应填形容词upset。
40．calm
【解析】句意：遇到麻烦时你应该保持镇静。keep + 形容词：保持某种状态，keep calm“保持冷静、镇静”，所以填calm。
41．nervous/ervous
【解析】句意：玛丽非常害羞，以至于在公众场合发言时总是会感到紧张。根据“Mary is so shy…”；“when she speaks in public.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指玛丽在公众场合发言时总是会感到“紧张”，nervous“紧张的”，为形容词，作表语。故填nervous。
42．tickets/ickets
【解析】句意：如果你想去音乐会，你需要尽快在网上订票。根据“If you want to go to the concert, you need to book ... online quickly.”及首字母可知，想去音乐会需要尽快在网上订票，ticket“票”符合，此处用复数表示泛指。故填tickets。
43．stress/tress
【解析】句意：学会很好地管理时间可以减少日常生活中的压力。根据“Learning to manage time well can reduce…in daily life.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指减少日常生活中的压力，stress符合。故填stress。
44．trouble/rouble
【解析】句意：去年，李红在英语语法上有困难，但现在她已经进步了很多。根据首字母提示和“but now she has improved a lot”可知，此处表示过去有困难，have trouble with sth.“在某事上有困难”，固定用法。故填trouble。
45．careless/areless
【解析】句意：她在数学考试中犯了几个粗心的错误，所以没有取得好成绩。根据“mistakes”可知，此处修饰名词应用形容词。结合后文“so she didn’t get a good grade”及首字母提示可知，导致成绩不理想的原因通常是在考试中犯了粗心的错误。careless意为“粗心的”。故填careless。
46．Vision 47．Hearing 48．taste 49．smell 50．touch 51．nervous/upset 52．breath 53．calm 54．regret 55．upset/nervous
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人的五种感官及其作用；同时介绍当人紧张焦虑时的放松方法，以及做错事不要一直沮丧，要从错误中吸取教训继续前行。
【解析】46．句意：视觉让我们能够看到美丽的画作和读书。根据“allows us to see beautiful paintings and read books”以及所给词语可知，vision符合语境，意为“视觉”，句首单词的首字母要大写。
47．句意：听觉让我们享受音乐，听见所爱之人的声音。根据“lets us enjoy music and hear the voices of our loved ones”和所给词语可知，hearing符合语境，意为“听觉”，句首单词的首字母要大写。
48．句意：我们用味觉分辨食物是甜还是酸。根据“to know if food is sweet or sour”和所给词语可知，taste符合语境，意为“味觉”。
49．句意：我们的嗅觉帮助我们享受花朵的芬芳。根据“ helps us enjoy the fragrance of flowers”和所给词语可知，smell符合语境，sense of smell意为“嗅觉”。
50．句意：我们的触觉帮助我们感受猫毛的柔软。根据“helps us feel the softness of a cat’s fur.”和所给词语可知，touch符合语境，意为“触觉”。
51．句意：有时候我们会感到紧张/沮丧或者有压力。feel“感觉”是系动词，其后接形容词，作表语，and连接的是并列内容，结合其后的“stressed”和所给词语，nervous或upset符合语境，nervous意为“紧张的”；upset意为“沮丧的”，和stressed“有压力的”并列。
52．句意：深呼吸可以帮助我们变得平静。根据句意和所给词语，此处考查固定短语take a deep breath，意为“深呼吸”，breath是名词，意为“呼吸”。
53．句意：深呼吸可以帮助我们感到平静。feel“感觉”后接形容词，作表语，根据常识可知，人在紧张或有压力时，深呼吸会使人平静，结合所给词语，calm符合语境，意为“平静的”，feel calm意为“感到平静”。
54．句意：如果我们做了傻事，我们之后可能会后悔。根据“do something foolish”和所给词语，regret“后悔”符合语境，是动词；might“可能”是情态动词，其后接动词原形。
55．句意：但是我们不应该长时间紧张/沮丧。stay是系动词，其后接形容词作表语，表示保持某种情绪状态，结合所给词语，如果第6空用nervous“紧张的”，此处就用upset“沮丧的”；如果第6空用upset，此处就用nervous，二者均可。
56．chemicals 57．for 58．her 59．worse 60．easily 61．third 62．an 63．choice 64．has used 65．unless
【导语】本文介绍了情绪与记忆之间的联系，说明强烈的情绪会影响记忆的形成，同时给出了通过积极情绪来改善记忆的方法。
【解析】56．句意：大脑的这个部分会释放一些化学物质，帮助很好地保存记忆。chemical是可数名词，some后接复数形式，故填chemicals。
57．句意：以我的科学项目为例。take ... for example是固定短语，意为“以……为例”，故填for。
58．句意：但我的朋友芳芳对此感到兴奋，所以她对这个项目的记忆比我好。修饰名词memory用形容词性物主代词，she的形容词性物主代词是her，故填her。
59．句意：如果一个人经常感到压力，他可能比心态平和的人有更糟糕的记忆。根据“than”可知，用比较级，bad的比较级是worse，故填worse。
60．句意：这些记忆会让他们很容易想到不好的想法。修饰动词短语think about用副词，easy的副词形式是easily，故填easily。
61．句意：我仍然记得我第三次赢得学校比赛的时候。此处表示第三次赢得比赛，用序数词third，故填third。
62．句意：那天的快乐对我来说是一段难忘的回忆。此处表示泛指一段难忘的回忆，unforgettable以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，故填an。
63．句意：例如，一首欢快的歌或一张图片可能是一个好的选择。根据“a good”可知，后接名词，choose的名词形式是choice，故填choice。
64．句意：到目前为止，我的同学莉莉已经用这种方法来改善她的历史课学习。根据“So far”可知，用现在完成时，主语Lily是第三人称单数，结构为“has+过去分词”，use的过去分词是used，故填has used。
65．句意：除非你学会控制自己的情绪，否则你的记忆力不会很好地提高。前后关系表示除非，用连词unless，故填unless。
66．Nervousness. 67．Your breath. 68．Preparing well. 69．The positive. 70．Yes, it can.
【导语】本文主要介绍了紧张情绪的普遍性，并从正念练习、充分准备、转换心态、正视适度紧张几个方面讲解克服紧张的方法。
【解析】66．首段直接写明面对新鲜事物时常见的感受为“Nervousness”，属于原文直接提取信息。
67．第二段明确提及正念练习时要“Pay attention to your breath”，直接摘取原文细节作答。
68．第二段说明“If you are prepared, you will feel more confident”，据此提炼出“Preparing well”这一答案，为原文直接信息。
69．第三段给出“focus on the positive”，用来替代消极想法，属于原文直接引述内容。
70．末段开篇点明“a little nervousness can actually be helpful”，因此给出肯定答复“Yes, it can”，依托原文语句作答。
71．例文
How to be a Sunshine Teenager
To be a sunshine teenager, we should have ideas.
First, I often visit the city museum with my classmates on weekends. It is very meaningful to learn history and culture there. Second, I often help my parents do housework after finishing my homework, such as cleaning the room and washing bowls. Third, I keep a healthy lifestyle: I never stay up late and I exercise for 30 minutes every day. What’s more, I work hard at all my subjects and get on well with people around me.
I believe we can grow into excellent sunshine teenagers.
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：材料作文，以一般现在时为主
明确要点：核心围绕“如何成为阳光青少年”，必须包含4个提示要点——是否常去有意义的地方、是否帮父母做家务、是否有健康的生活方式、补充关于“如何成为阳光青少年”的额外内容，可适当发挥
确定人称：以第一人称单数（I）为主
注意事项：文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名；词数80左右；开头已给出，不计入总词数，重点完善中间主体内容和结尾，确保意思清楚、行文连贯
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式：
开头段：已给出，直接点题——成为阳光青少年需要有明确的做法，引出下文自身的具体做法
主体段：分点（用First/Second/Third/What’s more衔接）阐述核心要点，结合自身经历，逐一落实4个提示要点，逻辑清晰、简洁明了，无冗余内容
结尾段：发出信念式总结，表达对成为优秀阳光青少年的信心，呼应主题，升华情感
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：去有意义的地方
有意义的地点：visit the city museum/visit the community library/visit the red education base
活动意义：learn history and culture/learn traditional culture/gain practical experience
要点二：帮父母做家务
家务行为：help parents do housework/assist parents with housework
具体家务：clean the room/wash bowls/sweep the floor/fold the clothes/take out the trash
要点三：健康的生活方式
作息习惯：never stay up late/keep a regular schedule/get up early and go to bed early
运动习惯：exercise for 30 minutes every day/do morning exercises/keep doing exercise every day/play ball games
要点四：能展现阳光青少年风貌的具体做法
学习态度：work hard at all subjects/study hard/listen carefully in class/review lessons regularly
待人处事：get on well with people around me/help classmates in need/be kind to others/respect teachers and classmates
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