资源简介

(共40张PPT)
Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
Words and Expressions
人教版（2019）必修一
fitness / f tn s/ n. 健康；健壮；适合
【教材语境】
SPORTS AND FITNESS (P35) 运动与健康
Physical activity is an important factor in maintaining fitness.
进行体育活动是保持身体健康的一个重要因素。
近义词 health
soccer / s k (r)/ n. 足球；足球运动
【教材语境】
SOCCER GAME (P36) 足球比赛
The soccer match had to be postponed because of heavy rain.
足球比赛因大雨改期了。
近义词 football
stadium / ste di m/ n. (pl. stadiums or stadia) 体育场；运动场
【教材语境】
SOCCER GAME 3:00 p.m. October 22 Wuhan vs Guangzhou Wuhan stadium (P36)
10月22日下午三点武汉体育场 武汉vs广州
The city is providing free transportation to the stadium from downtown.
本市现在提供从市中心到体育场的免费交通。
近义词 playground
boxing / b ks / n. 拳击（运动）
【教材语境】
BOXING (P36) 拳击
Some speakers argued that boxing was less dangerous than rugby.
一些发言者认为拳击的危险性比橄榄球运动小。
badminton / b dm nt n/ n. 羽毛球运动
【教材语境】BADMINTON MATCH (P36) 羽毛球比赛
She likes sports games, such as ping pong, badminton.
她喜欢体育运动，比如乒乓球、羽毛球。
marathon / m r θ n/ n. 马拉松赛跑
【教材语境】Beijing International Marathon Day (P36) 北京国际马拉松日
Most of the runners in the London Marathon are raising money for charity.
大多数人参加伦敦马拉松赛跑是为慈善事业募集资金。
event / vent/ n. 比赛项目；大事；公开活动
【教材语境】Invite a friend to a sports event (P36) 邀请一位朋友参加一场体育赛事
A daughter’s marriage is quite an event for a father.
女儿的婚姻对父亲而言确实是一件大事。
come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快
【教材语境】
Would you like to come along (P36)
你想一起去吗？
I could arrange for you to come along with us if you like.
如果你愿意的话，我可以安排你和我们一起去。
We are considering any problem that may come along.
我们正在考虑任何可能出现的问题。
拓展
come about 发生 come across （偶然）遇见
come out 出现；出版 come up 走近；被提及
come up with 想出，找出（答案） come true 变现，成为现实
ski /ski / adj. 滑雪的 vi. 滑雪
【教材语境】Ski Race: Zhangjiakou, a beautiful city in northern China ... (P37)
滑雪比赛：中国北方美丽的城市张家口……
host /h st/ vt. 主办；主持 n. 主人；东道主；节目主持人
【教材语境】... will host the Youth Ski Race in December. (P37)
……将于12月举办青少年滑雪比赛。
(1) host family 寄宿家庭
My host family is taking me to an Indian festival next weekend.
我的寄宿家庭下个周末要带我去参加一个印度电影节。
(2) play host to ... 主办……；款待……
The college is playing host to a group of visiting Russian scientists.
学校正在接待一批来访的俄罗斯科学家。
track /tr k/ n. 跑道；足迹；铁路轨道 vt. & vi. 追踪；跟踪
track and field 田径
【教材语境】
Track Meet: A great event for track-and-field lovers on 26 October. (P37)
田径运动会：10月26日举办的田径爱好者的盛会。
The road leading to the farm was little more than a dirt track.
只有一条烂泥小路通往农场。
keep/lose track of sb/sth 了解/不了解某人的情况/某事的动态
We should keep track of our expenses more carefully.
我们应该更仔细地记录我们的开销。
After we graduated, I lost track of all my high school friends.
自毕业后，我就和我所有的高中朋友失去了联系。
gym /d m/ n. 健身房；体育馆
gymnastics /d m n st ks/ n. 体操（训练）
【教材语境】Gym Class: Come and work out at a gym! (P37) 健身班：来健身房锻炼吧！
Gymnastics is a sport that requires a considerable level of coordination.
体操是一项需要高协调性的运动。
work out 锻炼；计算出；解决
【教材语境】Gym Class: Come and work out at a gym! (P37) 健身班：来健身房锻炼吧！
I work out regularly to keep healthy. 我经常锻炼身体以保持健康。
Can you work out how much the activity will cost
你能算出这个活动将花多少钱吗？
Though the problem is very difficult, they managed to work it out finally.
尽管这个问题很难，他们最终还是设法解决了。
sweat /swet/ vt. 使出汗；出汗弄湿 vi. 出汗；流汗 n. 汗水；出汗
【教材语境】
Sweat your way to good health! (P37) 为健康而努力锻炼吧！
He awoke from his sleep in a cold sweat.
他从睡梦中醒来，浑身冷汗。
After an hour he realized he was completely running with sweat.
一个小时后，他发现自己已是大汗淋漓。
make it 获得成功；准时到达
【教材语境】
You can make it! (P37) 你可以做到！
They made it to a small town before dark.
他们在天黑前赶到了一个小镇。
legend / led nd/ n. 传奇故事（或人物）；传说
【教材语境】
LIVING LEGENDS (P38) 活着的传奇
It is difficult to separate legend from truth. 传说与事实很难分辨。
athlete / θli t/ n. 运动员；运动健儿
【教材语境】
They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. (P38)
他们必须是所在运动项目上的大师，并且是他人学习的楷模。
词性转换 athletic adj. 运动的；健壮的
They have been given college scholarships purely on athletic ability.
他们完全是凭体育特长才获得了大学奖学金。
master / mɑ st (r)/ n. 高手；主人 vt. 精通；掌握
【教材语境】They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. (P38) 他们必须是所在运动项目上的大师，并且是他人学习的楷模。
Students are expected to master a second language. 学生们应该掌握一门第二语言。
set an example 树立榜样
【教材语境】They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. (P38)
他们必须是所在运动项目上的大师，并且是他人学习的楷模。
set an example for/to sb 为某人树立榜样/做出表率
Parents should set a good example for their offspring. 父母应该为其子女树立好榜样。
拓展
for example 例如 take ... for example = take ... as an example 以……为例
honour / n (r)/ n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸
【教材语境】As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. (P38)
作为一名运动员，郎平为她的祖国赢得了诸多荣誉。
1. n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸
(1) have the honour of (doing) sth 得到……殊荣，有幸（做）……
May I have the honour of dancing with you 我是否有幸与您跳一支舞呢？
(2) It’s an honour (for sb) to do sth （对某人来说）很荣幸做某事
We think it a great honour to be invited to your country.
被邀访问贵国我们深感荣幸。
(3) in honour of sb = in one’s honour 为向某人表示敬意；为纪念某人
A farewell party was held in honour of the ambassador.
为了表示对这位大使的敬意，大家为他举办了一场欢送会。
2. vt. 尊敬，尊重；给予表扬（或奖励、头衔、称号）
(1) honour sb with sth 某事使某人感到荣幸；授予某人荣誉，获得表彰
Mr Smith, you honoured us with your presence.
史密斯先生，您的莅临是我们的荣幸。
(2) be/feel honoured to do sth 因做某事而感到荣幸
I was honoured to have been mentioned in his speech.
他在讲话中提到了我，我很荣幸。
词性转换
honourable adj. 可敬的；品德高尚的
I believe he was an honourable man, dedicated to the people.
我认为他是个品德高尚的人，一心奉献于人民。
glory / ɡl ri/ n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美
【教材语境】As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. (P38)
作为一名运动员，郎平为她的祖国赢得了诸多荣誉。
This beautiful old building has been restored to its former glory.
这座美丽的老建筑物已恢复了昔日的壮观。
近义词 honour
medal / medl/ n. 奖章；勋章
【教材语境】As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. (P38)
作为一名教练，她带领中国女子排球队在世界锦标赛和奥运会赛场上屡获殊荣。
It was an unbelievable moment when Chris won the gold medal.
克里斯赢得金牌的那一刻令人不可思议。
championship / t mpi n p/ n. 锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号
champion / t mpi n/ n. 冠军；优胜者
【教材语境】As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. (P38)
作为一名教练，她带领中国女子排球队在世界锦标赛和奥运会赛场上屡获殊荣。
She held the title of world champion for three years.
她保持了三年的世界冠军头衔。
determination /d t m ne n/ n. 决心；决定
【教材语境】When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested. (P38) 当中国队备战2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。
The determination of who should be invited to be present took him a long time.
决定应该邀请谁出席花了他很长时间。
(1) with determination 顽强地，有决心地
He fought the illness with courage and determination.
他勇敢顽强地与疾病做斗争。
(2) the determination to do sth 做某事的决心
I admire her determination to get it right. 我赞赏她非把事情弄清楚的决心。
词性转换 determine v. 决心，决定
(1) determine to do sth 决定做某事（表示动作）
After they graduated from college, they determine to cycle along the entire Mekong River. 大学毕业后，他们决定沿着整个湄公河来一场骑行。
(2) determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定/决心（做）某事
determined adj. 有决心的，意志坚定的；（尤指在困境中）坚决的，坚定的
be determined to do sth 决心做某事
She was determined to do well. 她决心要做好。
apart / pɑ t/ adv. 分离；分开；成碎片
fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃
【教材语境】The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart. (P38)
由郎平一手打造的团队处于崩溃的边缘。
They used to be close friends, but fell apart not long ago.
她们曾经是亲密的朋友，但不久前关系破裂了。
拓展
fall behind 落在后面 fall down 跌倒；失败；倒塌
fall into 陷入（某种状态） fall in with 接受，赞同
fall over 倒下，摔倒；被……绊倒
He didn’t want to fall behind with the rent, but he really didn’t have money.
他不想拖欠房租，但他真的没有钱。
injure / nd (r)/ vt. 使受伤；损害
injured / nd d/ adj. 受伤的；有伤的
injury / nd ri/ n. 伤害；损伤
【教材语境】
One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. (P38)
最优秀的队员中有一人受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题离队。
He injured his knee when playing football. 他踢足球时膝盖受了伤。
This could seriously injure the company’s reputation. 这会严重损害公司的声誉。
The car accident left him seriously injured. 他在这场车祸中受了重伤。
There were no injuries in the crash. 撞车事故中无人受伤。
Don’t do that. You’ll do yourself an injury. 别那样做。你会把自己弄伤的。
captain / k pt n/ n. （运动队）队长；船长；机长
【教材语境】One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. (P38)
最优秀的队员中有一人受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题离队。
lose heart 丧失信心；泄气（heart不能加-s，其前也不能加冠词a或the）
【教材语境】Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. (P38) 损失两大主力队员是个巨大的挑战，但是郎平没有气馁。
拓展
lose one’s heart to ... 爱上……
break one’s heart 使某人难过
put one’s heart into ... 全心全意地
by heart 单凭记忆，能背诵
graceful / ɡre sfl/ adj. 优美的；优雅的
【教材语境】
The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. (P38)
这位被称为“飞人乔丹”的球员用他那优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球运动。
词性转换 gracefully adv. 优美地；优雅地
grace n. 优美；风度
strength /stre θ/ n. 力量；体力
【教材语境】
Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. (P38)
乔丹的球技令人赞叹，然而他所展示的精神力量使他成为一名独一无二的球星。
词性转换 strengthen v. 使（情感、决心等）更强烈，加强（实力）
failure / fe lj (r)/ n. 失败；失败的人（或事物）
【教材语境】Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. (P38)
乔丹说，他的成功秘诀在于吸取失败的教训。
词性转换 fail v. 失败；不及格
give up 放弃；投降
【教材语境】Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up. (P38)
赛场上的失利教会他要更加努力地训练和绝不放弃。
拓展 give out 放出（热、光等）；分发；用完
give away 捐赠；泄漏；颁发
give off 发出，放出（气味、热、光等）
give back 归还；使恢复
give in 屈服，投降；让步
compete /k m pi t/ vi. 竞争；对抗
【教材语境】An athlete should think about honour and his/her fans if he/she is competing for his/ her country. (P41)
运动员如果是为他/她的国家参赛，应该考虑（国家）荣誉和他/她的仰慕者。
(1) compete with/against sb (for ...) （为……）同某人竞争
Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
生命就像一场长跑比赛，我们在比赛里和他人竞争以超越自己。
(2) compete in ... (for ...) （为……）比赛（或竞赛）
Many competitors compete in the game for the gold medal every year.
每年都有很多选手参加这个比赛角逐金牌。
(3) compete for ... 为了……而竞争
I heard that 3 top-level candidates will compete for the post.
我听说三个很优秀的候选人将竞争这个职位。
(4) compete to do sth 竞相做某事
Several advertising agencies are competing to get the contract.
几家广告公司在竞争这份合同。
词性转换
competition n. 竞争，角逐
She pronounced him the winner of the competition.
她宣布他是竞赛的优胜者。
competitor n. 竞争者，对手
competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的
More than 10,000 competitors from different countries came to Beijing to compete with each other in the competitive games for medals.
来自不同国家的一万多名参赛选手来到北京为了奖牌在竞争激烈的比赛中互相竞争。
make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
【教材语境】
That doesn’t make any sense! (P41)
那说不通！
He doesn’t talk much, but what he says makes sense.
他话不多，但言之有理。
(1) sth makes sense to sb 某事为某人所理解
No matter how I read it, this sentence doesn’t make any sense to me.
无论我怎么读，我都不理解这个句子。
(2) It makes sense to do sth 做某事是明智的
It makes good sense to save money for a rainy day.
存一些钱以备不时之需是很明智的。
辨析
拓展
in a sense 从某种意义上说 in some senses 在一定意义上
in no sense 决不（位于句首时，句子要用倒装）
make no sense 讲不通，没意义 common sense 常识
a sense of direction/humour/safety/justice 方向感/幽默感/安全感/正义感
make sense 不及物动词短语，主语通常是物，无被动语态，意为“有道理，讲得通”。
What you say does not make any sense to me. 你所说的话对我一点意义也没有。
make sense of 及物动词短语，主语通常是人，可用于被动语态，意为“理解，弄懂（不易理解的事物）”，常用于“make sense of sth.”结构中。
I can’t make sense of this poem, but perhaps I will if I read it for several times.
我弄不懂这首诗的意义，但我再读几遍或许就能读懂了。
pretend /pr tend/ vi. & vt. 假装；装扮
【教材语境】
A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. (P41)
即使假装跌倒有利于他/她的球队，足球运动员也不应该这样做。
(1) pretend (not) to do sth 假装（不）做某事
Don’t pretend to know when you don’t. 不要不懂装懂。
(2) pretend to be + n./adj. 假装是……
He pretends to be familiar with me, but I really don’t know him.
他假装跟我很熟，其实我不认识他。
(3) pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事
He pretended to be reading an important document when the boss entered.
老板进来时，他假装正在看一份重要的文件。
(4) pretend to have done sth 假装已经做了某事
When his mother entered his room, he pretended to have fallen asleep.
当妈妈走进他的房间时，他假装已经睡着了。
(5) pretend + that ... 假装……
Let’s pretend (that) we are astronauts.
咱们装扮成太空人吧。
even if/though 即使；虽然
【教材语境】
A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. (P41)
即使假装跌倒有利于他/她的球队，足球运动员也不应该这样做。
She wouldn’t change it, even though she knew it was wrong.
尽管她知道这错了，她也不肯改变。
millions / m lj n/ num. 一百万
【教材语境】It is wrong to pay people millions of yuan to play sports. (P41)
付给人们数百万元来从事体育运动是不对的。
The report reveals the company made a loss of 20 million last year.
报告显示，公司去年亏损2000万英镑。
millions of 大量；数百万
Millions of people die from car accidents every year in the world.
每年世界上有大量的人在车祸中丧生。
拓展
thousands of 成千上万的
hundreds of 数以百计的
dozens of 许多
(1) 表示确切的数目时，形式为：
具体数字+hundred/thousand/million/...+
five million dollars 五百万美元
two thousand of these people 这些人中的2000人
(2) 表示概数时，形式为：hundreds/thousands/millions/...+of+可数名词复数（必须加of）
hundreds of students 数以百计的学生
thousands of workers 成千上万的工人
(3) several修饰hundred, thousand, million等时，形式为：several+hundred/thousand/million/...(+of+the/these/those/名词所有格)+可数名词复数
several hundred dollars 几百美元
several thousand of the students 这些学生中几千人
可数名词复数（不加of）
of+the/these/those/名词所有格+可数名词复数
cheat /t i t/ vi. 作弊；舞弊 vt. 欺骗；蒙骗 n. 欺骗手段；骗子
【教材语境】You should never cheat. (P41) 绝对不要作弊。
Don’t waste time on people who cheat you.
不要把时间浪费在欺骗你的人身上。
We all considered him an honest man, but in fact he was a cheat.
我们都认为他是个诚实的人，但实际上他是个骗子。
audience / di ns/ n. 观众；听众
【教材语境】I see what you mean, but the audience wants fair play. (P41)
我明白你的意思，但观众希望公平竞争。
The target audience for this advertisement was mainly teenagers.
这个广告的对象主要是十几岁的青少年观众。
positive / p z t v/ adj. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的
【教材语境】GOING POSITIVE (P42) 积极向上
We were greatly encouraged by the positive response of the public.
公众所持的肯定态度给了我们极大的鼓舞。
反义词 negative
slim /sl m/ adj. 苗条的；单薄的
【教材语境】I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible. (P42)
我总是努力想让自己看起来像电视上的那些苗条女孩，尽管我明知这不可能。
diet / da t/ n. 规定饮食；日常饮食 vi. 节食
【教材语境】I worried about my weight and tried every new diet I read about online. (P42) 我十分担心我的体重，也尝试了网上看到的每一种新的减肥饮食方案。
make a difference 有作用或影响
【教材语境】
I had no idea a letter could make such a difference! (P42)
我没有料到一词之差，区别竟如此之大！
One false step will make a great difference.
失之毫厘，谬之千里。
Taking exercise regularly will make a great difference to your health.
定期锻炼会对你的健康产生很大的影响。
拓展
make some/much difference 有一些/很大影响
make little/no difference 几乎没有/没有影响
tell the difference 区分/辨别不同
rather / rɑ (r)/ adv. 相当；有点儿
rather than 而不是
【教材语境】Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change. (P42) 一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就有了变化。
(1) rather than意为“而不是……”，常用于连接平行结构，它连接的并列成分可以
是动词、动词不定式、名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、v-ing或句子。
He is a sailor rather than an explorer.
他是一个海员，而不是一个探险者。（连接两个名词）
He is kind-hearted rather than foolish.
他是好心，而不是傻。（连接两个形容词）
We should help him rather than he should help us.
我们应该帮助他，而不是他应该帮助我们。（连接两个句子）
(2) rather than连接两个不定式时，后一个常省略to，但rather than位于句首时，跟不带to的动词不定式。
He wanted to swim rather than play volleyball.
他想去游泳，不想去打排球。
Rather than stay here, I prefer to leave.
我宁愿离开也不愿待在这里。
(3) rather than连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致，即“就前原则”。具有相同用法的词语还有as well as, together with, with, besides等。
You rather than I are going to go camping.
要去野营的是你，而不是我。
The father rather than the brothers is responsible for the accident.
应为这起事故负责的是那个父亲，而不是那些兄弟。
(4) rather than还可用于“prefer to do ... rather than do ...”“would do ... rather than do ...”“would like to do ... rather than do ... ”结构中，表示“宁愿……而不愿意做……”，相当于“prefer doing ... to doing ...”“would rather do ... than do ...”。
He himself believed in freedom so much that he would rather die than live without it.
他非常崇尚自由，不自由，毋宁死。
push-up / p p/ n. 俯卧撑
【教材语境】I want to be able to do 30 push-ups. (P42) 我想做30个俯卧撑。
cut ... out 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下
【教材语境】Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. (P42) 我不再拒绝我喜爱的食物，而是在自己的三餐中添加健康食品。
Two suits can be cut out of this piece of material.
这块料子可以裁两套衣服。
now and then 有时；偶尔
【教材语境】I could still have a burger now and then, but I would add a salad or an apple. (P42) 我仍然能偶尔吃个汉堡，但我会加上一份沙拉或一个苹果。
compare ... with/to ... 与……比较
【教材语境】Finally, I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body. (P42) 最后，我不再拿自己跟女演员和模特相比，不再寻找自己的脸蛋或身材还有哪里不美。
Don’t compare your disadvantages with his advantages.
不要拿你的缺点和他的优点比。
compare A to B 将A比作B
Children are often compared to flowers. 孩子们常常被比作花朵。
词性转换 comparison n. 比较，对照
jog /d ɡ/ vi. 慢跑 n. 慢跑
【教材语境】
What can you do to make exercise like jogging more enjoyable (P43)
你能做些什么使慢跑这样的运动更有趣？
stress /stres/ n. 压力；紧张；重音
vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安
vi. 焦虑不安
【教材语境】Stress (P43) 压力
1. n. 压力；紧张；重音
(1) be under stress 在压力下
Lily has been under a lot of stress since her mother’s illness.
自从她的母亲生病以来，莉莉承受了很大的压力。
(2) under the stress of ... 在……的压力下
Under the stress of bad weather the ship had to return.
迫于恶劣的天气这艘船不得不返航。
(3) lay/place/put stress of ... 强调/重视……
We lay special stress on developing a new type of major-power relationship.
我们特别重视发展新型大国关系。
2. vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安
(1) stress the importance of ... 强调……的重要性
Our teacher stressed the importance of cooperation.
我们的老师强调了合作的重要性。
(2) stress (sb) out （使某人）焦虑不安，疲惫不堪
Driving in cities really stresses me out. 在城市里开车真的让我感到紧张。
词性转换
stressful adj. 压力重的，紧张的（常修饰事物的性质）
Friends should be people who help us to increase our strengths and create solutions to stressful situations.
朋友应该是那些可以帮助我们增强自己优势，并在我们遇到压力时提供解决办法的人。
stressed adj. 焦虑不安（常修饰人的感受或表情）
If you feel stressed at work, give yourself an hour to rest.
你如果在工作中感到焦虑不安，就给自己一个小时休息一下。
error / er (r)/ n. 错误；差错
【教材语境】Are there any grammar or spelling errors (P43) 有语法或拼写错误吗？
近义词 fault、mistake
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