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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元核心素养培优卷外研版（新教材）
Unit 6 Live green
本试卷共10页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
People on Hainan Island like scuba diving (带呼吸器潜水) . But do you know what makes it possible for people to 1 under water for a long time It’s the scuba machine. Then do you know 2 invented the machine It was Jacquse Cousteau and 3 friend.
Cousteau was a man 4 of new ideas. Ever 5 he was a child, he had been dreaming of diving deep to explore the wonderful world 6 the sea. Later with the scuba machine he invented, his 7 came true. He took a lot of pictures and videos of many things 8 people had never seen before. It 9 him eight years to make a TV show which he named “The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau.” People were 10 when they saw so many beautiful things under water.
Cousteau loved the coral reefs (珊瑚) and all the beautiful fish. However, when he returned some years later, he was 11 to see that the colorful coral reels were 12 and grey. He tried everything possible to help people know the 13 of saving the environment and 14 them to take part in keeping our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans 15 .
1．A．breathe B．swim C．sleep D．live
2．A．that B．what C．which D．who
3．A．he B．his C．she D．her
4．A．think B．filled C．full D．short
5．A．until B．from C．since D．through
6．A．under B．above C．on D．over
7．A．dream B．idea C．thoughts D．plan
8．A．so B．who C．and D．that
9．A．spent B．paid C．took D．cost
10．A．bored B．surprised C．frightened D．tired
11．A．sad B．afraid C．happy D．interested
12．A．good B．lovely C．lively D．dead
13．A．importance B．time C．knowledge D．danger
14．A．stop B．let C．make D．encourage
15．A．colorful B．clean C．active D．quiet
二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
A
When plastic was first invented, it surprised the whole world. It was light, cheap and easy to shape. It quickly replaced wood and other natural materials. People believed plastic would bring a wonderful future. Nobody expected it would become a serious environmental danger later.
Plastic waste is everywhere nowadays. Tiny plastic pieces can be found in oceans, soil and even the air we breathe. Most plastic cannot break down quickly. It will stay on the earth for hundreds or thousands of years. Sea animals often get hurt by plastic waste.
Living green does not require big expensive actions. We do not have to completely stop using plastic at once. We can take simple steps: reuse cloth bags, choose reusable bottles and sort rubbish properly. Word formation helps us learn related words such as reuse, recycle and unrecyclable. Small changes from common people can slow down pollution and protect our shared home.
16．What did people think of plastic when it was first invented
A．They thought it would bring a wonderful future.
B．They worried it would pollute the ocean right away.
C．They wanted to give it up at the very beginning.
D．They found it was too heavy for daily use.
17．Where can tiny plastic pieces be found according to the text
A．Only in big factories. B．In oceans, soil and air.
C．Only inside deep mountains. D．Only in man made bins.
18．Which statement is TRUE according to the passage
A．Most plastic waste breaks down within several weeks.
B．Sea animals are never influenced by plastic rubbish.
C．We can take simple daily steps for green living.
D．Ordinary people cannot do anything for the environment.
19．What does the underlined word “unrecyclable” mean
A．可回收的 B．不可回收的 C．可重复使用的 D．可分解的
20．What is the main idea of the text
A．Plastic’s influence and simple ways of living green.
B．How to invent new kinds of plastic products.
C．Reasons why we must stop using all plastic at once.
D．Ways to collect all plastic waste from oceans.
B
Plastic was invented in 1907. At that time, it was seen as a wonderful material. It helped protect many natural resources. People used plastic to make toys, boxes and tools. But years later, people found a serious problem. Plastic takes hundreds of years to break down.
Now many countries are making rules to cut down plastic use. Shops are encouraged to stop offering free plastic bags. Restaurants are asked to use paper or wooden boxes instead of plastic packaging.
However, banning plastic completely is not simple. In medicine, plastic helps make safe medical tools. Some food needs plastic packages to stay fresh. So the key is not to refuse plastic totally, but to use it wisely. Reduce, reuse and recycle are the three golden rules.
Reduce means buying fewer things with plastic packaging. Reuse means using plastic bottles or boxes many times. Recycle means sending waste plastic to factories so it can be made into new products.
Green living calls for patience. We cannot solve plastic pollution in one day, but every small choice matters.
21．When was plastic invented
A．In 1907. B．Over 200 years ago. C．Fifty years ago. D．We don’t know.
22．What is the big trouble caused by plastic
A．It costs too much money.
B．It needs lots of wood to produce.
C．It breaks down very slowly in nature.
D．It cannot be used for medical use.
23．Why can’t people stop using plastic completely
A．Plastic is always cheap.
B．Plastic still has important uses in many fields.
C．All people like plastic products.
D．Factories can’t make other materials.
24．Which of the following matches the rule “reuse”
A．Avoid buying fruit wrapped in plastic.
B．Send waste plastic to recycling factories.
C．Use one plastic water bottle for several days.
D．Choose wooden shopping baskets.
25．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The history of plastic invention.
B．How we should use plastic properly.
C．Strict rules against plastic in all countries.
D．The danger of all kinds of plastic waste.
C
Green living is a lifestyle that aims to reduce a person’s impact on the environment. Many people are now choosing to live greener lives, and for good reason. The benefits of green living are numerous and far-reaching.
First, green living helps protect the planet. By reducing waste, recycling, and using fewer resources, we can slow down climate change and protect natural habitats. This ensures that future generations will have a healthy planet to live on.
Second, green living can improve our health. Cleaner air and water, less pollution, and healthier food choices all contribute to better physical and mental health. When we care for the environment, we are also caring for ourselves.
Third, green living can save money. Simple changes like using energy-efficient appliances, walking or cycling instead of driving, and reducing water usage can lower our bills. It is good for the planet and good for our wallets.
In conclusion, green living is not just a trend—it is a necessity. By making small changes in our daily lives, we can create a more sustainable and healthy world for everyone.
26．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Green living is difficult to achieve. B．Green living is beneficial for many reasons.
C．Only rich people can live green. D．Green living is not important.
27．According to the passage, how does green living help protect the planet
A．By producing more waste. B．By reducing waste and using fewer resources.
C．By driving more cars. D．By cutting down more trees.
28．What is one benefit of green living for our health
A．It makes us eat more food. B．It gives us cleaner air and water.
C．It makes us work harder. D．It makes us sleep less.
29．How can green living save money
A．By buying more things. B．By using energy-efficient appliances and reducing water usage.
C．By driving more. D．By buying more plastic products.
30．What does the author conclude about green living
A．It is a trend that will pass. B．It is difficult and expensive.
C．It is a necessity, not just a trend. D．It is only for young people.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从文后所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有两项多余）
Global (全球的) warming is a serious problem and it is going to take everyone’s effort (努力) to solve it. 31
Drive less. 32 Ask your parents to use public transportation as much as possible instead of using cars too often.
Recycle more. Think before you throw away waste. 33 And be sure to take e-waste, like computers, mobile phones, to a special recycling waste bin.
Refuse too much packaging. When it comes to your shopping habits, think of buying products that are better for the environment or that are made from recycled materials, and above all, have less or no packaging (包装).
34 It takes a lot of energy to heat water. Don’t always heat the water when you do washing with the washing machine. Wash clothes in cold water.
Spread the word. Talk to your friends, family and school teachers. Teach them what you’ve learned and make your house and school as green as possible. 35
With a little effort in changing some of our daily activities and patterns (模式), most of us can help with our planet.
A．Work with others.
B．Use less hot water.
C．Don’t collect waste paper.
D．Walk, cycle, take a subway or a bus.
E．Here are many small things we can do.
F．Cut down on how much you throw in the waste.
G．Let them know the importance of being a greener person.
词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
36．The burning of oil for energy is one of the main causes of ________ (green, house) gases.
37．________ (cycle) means turning waste into materials to make new things.
38．Wood is a ________ (nature) material.
39．We should stop ________ (burn) oil for energy.
40．These bottles can be ________ (use) again.
41．The factory was closed because it caused serious air ________ (污染).
42．Many wild animals are in danger because their ________ (栖息地) are being destroyed.
43．Please don’t drop ________ (垃圾) on the ground.
44．We should use ________ (无塑料的) bags to reduce pollution.
45．Despite the ________ (挫折), he kept trying.
完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
46．熊的头经常卡在塑料垃圾桶里。
Bears’ heads often ________ ________ ________ plastic bins.
47．极微小的塑料颗粒在空气中也被发现。
Tiny pieces of plastic are also found ________ ________ ________.
48．平均来看，每人每周吃下 5 克塑料。
________ ________, each of us eats 5 grams of plastic a week.
49．塑料袋可能需要数百年才能分解。
A plastic bag may take hundreds of years to ________ ________.
50．我们应该重复利用资源来保护环境。
We should ________ resources to protect the environment.
五、短文选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从下列词中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。
possible，hot，find，hundred，but，plant，die，water，happen，they
No one can be sure what the weather is going to be like in the future, but many people think there are going to be some changes (变化).
Scientists say that in many places it’s going to be much 51 , and it’s going to rain less. Some countries in Africa are going to become very dry all year, and it’s going to be almost 52 for people to find food and water. In Southern Europe and the United States, it’s going to be more difficult for 53 to grow. People there are also going to have problems 54 food in the future.
No one knows how much the temperature (气温) is going to go up, 55 scientists say that the change is going to be at least 2°C． They say that the ice in the Arctic (北极) is going to melt (融化) in the next 56 years and a lot of the animals there are going to 57 . There is also going to be more 58 in the sea, so cities near the sea are going to disappear (消失).
Another problem is that there are going to be more hurricanes and typhoons (飓风和台风). Scientists say they are going to 59 all over the world, and many people are going to lose 60 homes.
六、短文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Near my neighborhood lies a small park, which I call my secret garden. It’s a(n) 61 (usual) place because it’s perfect for my weekend exploration.
This garden is surrounded (围绕) by tall trees. With the temperature falling 62 (rapid), their leaves fly to the ground like butterflies. At the heart of the park is a lake. It is calm and 63 (look) like a mirror, where black and white swans swim on the water. At weekends, I find a 64 (peace) place by the lake to watch the swans swim. Often, well-meaning visitors feed them by 65 (throw) bread and vegetables into the lake. This is done with kindness, but after 66 while, bits of food will float (漂浮) on the lake. The food should be cleared away. Whenever I see people 67 (feed) the swans, I approach them and kindly explain that this can pollute the water 68 hurt the swans and their home.
I consider the garden 69 a bond (纽带) with the natural world around me. It’s my special place, and it has 70 (give) me so many happy memories. I will try my best to look after it.
七、读写结合（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
October 12th, Friday Sunny
Today, I learned a lot about living green in my science class. Our teacher told us that we can make a big difference by doing small things every day.
After school, I decided to put what I learned into action. First, I went to the supermarket with my mom. I brought my own reusable bag instead of asking for a plastic one. Mom said she was proud of me.
Then, when I got home, I separated all the waste in the bin into different groups. I put paper and cardboard together, plastic bottles in another bag, and food waste in a small bowl. Tomorrow, I’ll take them to the recycling center near my home.
I also turned off all the lights in the living room when no one was there. And I told my dad to stop leaving the TV on when he wasn’t watching it. He agreed to do better.
I feel happy today. I know if everyone does their part, our Earth will be a better place to live in.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题：
71．Where did the writer learn about living green
72．What did the writer bring to the supermarket
73．How did the writer deal with the waste at home
74．What did the writer tell his dad to do
75．How does the writer feel after taking these actions
第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分）
76．假设你是李辉，你校英语报“Protect the Environment”专栏面向全校学生征集宣传稿，需要用英语向大家宣讲环保的意义及作为中学生该怎样保护环境。请你根据以下要点，以“Save the Earth: Let’s Do Our Part!”为题，用英语给专栏写一篇80~100词的宣传稿。
要点提示：
1. 环保的意义：地球是我们唯一的家园，保护环境就是保护我们自己;
2. 中学生能做的具体行动(至少3条)：
节约用水用电
绿色出行(步行或骑自行车)
植树造林
减少污染
回收利用
保护动物
3. 你的呼吁。
要求：1. 词数：80~100，开头已给出，不计入总词数;
2. 可适当发挥，以使行文连贯，不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息。
Save the Earth: Let’s Do Our Part!
As we all know, the earth is our only home. However, it is facing many environmental problems.
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．D 15．B
【导语】本文讲述潜水器发明者库斯托的故事。他实现了深海探索梦想，制作电视节目，后致力于宣传环保，鼓励人们保持水域清洁，保护海洋生态。
【解析】1．句意：但你知道是什么让人们长时间在水下呼吸成为可能吗？
根据“scuba machine”可知潜水机器提供空气，使人们能在水下长时间呼吸，故选breathe。
2．句意：那你知道谁发明了这个机器吗？
根据下文回答是人名“Jacquse Cousteau”，可知后文回答人物Jacques Cousteau，疑问词用who指代人，应用who。that“那个”、what“什么”、which“哪一个”，不能对人提问。
3．句意：是 Jacques Cousteau 和他的朋友。
修饰名词friend需要形容词性物主代词his，对应男性库斯托，应用his。he“他”为主格，she“她”、her“她的”，性别不符。
4．句意：Cousteau 是一个充满新想法的人。
固定搭配full of表示充满，应用full。think“思考”为动词，filled搭配介词with，short of意为缺少，均不匹配。
5．句意：自从他是孩子起，就一直梦想潜水。
固定搭配ever since表示自从，应用since。until“直到”、from“从”、through“穿过”，无法构成该短语。
6．句意：探索海底奇妙世界。
海洋生物在海面之下，介词under表示在……下方，应用under。above“在上方”、on“在上面”、over“正上方”，不符合海底语境。
7．句意：后来随着他发明的潜水机器，他的梦想实现了。
前文提到童年时期的梦想，固定搭配dream come true表示梦想成真，应用dream。idea“想法”、thoughts“思绪”、plan“计划”，不匹配固定搭配。
8．句意：他拍摄了许多人们以前从未见过的东西。
定语从句先行词为things（事物），关系代词用that，应用that。so“所以”、who指代人、and“并且”，均不符合从句语法。
9．句意：制作电视节目花了他八年时间。
固定句型It takes sb. +时间+to do sth.，本文为过去时态，take过去式took，应用took。spent主语为人，paid搭配金钱，cost主语为物品，均不匹配句型。
10．句意：当人们看到水下这么多美丽事物时很惊讶。
从未见过海底美景，人们的感受是惊讶，应用surprised。bored“无聊的”、frightened“害怕的”、tired“疲惫的”，不符合观看美景的心情。
11．句意：然而，几年后当他回来时，看到珊瑚礁变灰他很伤心。
珊瑚退化失去色彩，内心感到难过，应用sad。afraid“害怕的”、happy“开心的”、interested“感兴趣的”，与环境破坏的背景矛盾。
12．句意：多彩的珊瑚礁死了且变灰。
珊瑚失去生机、变成灰色，dead表示失去生命的，应用dead。good“好的”、lovely“可爱的”、lively“生机勃勃的”和后文grey相悖。
13．句意：他尽力帮助人们了解保护环境的重要性。
文章主旨是呼吁环保，the importance of表示“……的重要性”，应用importance。time“时间”、knowledge“知识”、danger“危险”，不符合文意。
14．句意：并鼓励人们参与保持水域清洁。
库斯托劝导大众行动，encourage sb. to do sth.表示鼓励某人做某事，应用encourage。stop“阻止”语义相反，let、make后接动词原形，不能搭配to take part。
15．句意：保持我们的湖泊、河流、海洋清洁。
环保的目标是保持水域干净，keep...clean表示“保持……洁净”，应用clean。colorful“多彩的”、active“活跃的”、quiet“安静的”，不符合环保核心。
16．A 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍塑料刚发明时人们对它的看法，讲述塑料垃圾带来的环境危害，并介绍普通人可以践行的简单绿色生活方式。
【解析】16．第一段指出人们对塑料的看法：“People believed plastic would bring a wonderful future.”，这直接说明人们认为塑料将会带来美好的未来。
17．第二段交代塑料碎片的分布：“Tiny plastic pieces can be found in oceans, soil and even the air we breathe.”，这直接说明微小的塑料碎片可以在海洋、土壤和空气中被发现。
18．第三段介绍绿色生活的做法：“Living green does not require big expensive actions...We can take simple steps...”，其余选项均和原文内容相悖，因此我们可以采取简单的日常步骤进行绿色生活。
19．根据构词法，前缀un 表否定含义，recyclable意为“可回收的”，由此可知unrecyclable意思是“不可回收的”。
20．全文既介绍塑料带来的影响，又介绍简单可行的绿色生活方式，对应原文“Nobody expected it would become a serious environmental danger later.”以及“We can take simple steps: reuse cloth bags, choose reusable bottles and sort rubbish properly.”，因此本文主旨为塑料的影响以及简单的绿色生活方式。
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．C 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了塑料的发明、塑料带来的污染问题，说明我们不能彻底禁用塑料，应当遵循减少、重复利用、回收的原则，理智使用塑料。
【解析】21．根据文章第一段第一句“Plastic was invented in 1907.”可知，塑料发明的时间是1907年。
22．根据文章第一段“But years later, people found a serious problem. Plastic takes hundreds of years to break down.”可知，塑料造成的主要麻烦是它在自然界中分解得非常慢。
23．根据文章第三段“In medicine, plastic helps make safe medical tools. Some food needs plastic packages to stay fresh.”可知，不能完全停止使用塑料是因为它在医疗和食品保鲜等许多领域仍有重要用途。
24．根据文章第四段“Reuse means using plastic bottles or boxes many times.”可知，是多次重复使用塑料制品，选项C“Use one plastic water bottle for several days.”符合“重复使用”的定义。其余选项均不属于Reuse。
25．文章首先介绍了塑料的发明及问题，接着说明了各国减塑措施及不能完全禁止的原因，最后重点提出了“Reduce, reuse and recycle”三个原则，呼吁明智地使用塑料，因此，文章的主旨是我们应该如何恰当地使用塑料。
26．B 27．B 28．B 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了绿色生活方式的定义及其带来的三大好处：保护地球、改善健康和节省金钱，最后强调这是一种必要性。
【解析】26．根据第一段“The benefits of green living are numerous and far-reaching.”以及全文分别列举了保护地球、健康、省钱三个好处可知，文章主要讲的是绿色生活有很多益处。
27．根据第二段“By reducing waste, recycling, and using fewer resources, we can slow down climate change...”可知，绿色生活通过减少浪费和使用更少的资源来帮助保护地球。
28．根据第三段“Cleaner air and water, less pollution, and healthier food choices all contribute to better physical and mental health.”可知，更清洁的空气和水是绿色生活对健康的益处之一。
29．根据第四段“Simple changes like using energy-efficient appliances... and reducing water usage can lower our bills.”可知，使用节能电器和减少用水可以帮助节省金钱。
30．根据最后一段“In conclusion, green living is not just a trend—it is a necessity.”可知，作者总结认为绿色生活不仅是一种趋势，更是一种必要性。
31．E 32．D 33．F 34．B 35．G
【导语】本文主要讲述了全球变暖是一个严重的问题，并介绍了个人在日常生活中可以采取的几种环保措施。
【解析】31．前一句说“全球变暖是严重问题，需要每个人的努力来解决”。后文分点列举多条环保做法。E项“Here are many small things we can do.”起到了承上启下的作用，引出下文的具体建议。
32．小标题是“Drive less.”（少开车）。空格处应解释“少开车”的具体做法——用其他交通方式代替。D项“Walk, cycle, take a subway or a bus.”正好是少开车的替代方式。
33．小标题是“Recycle more.”（多回收），且空处前一句“Think before you throw away waste.”（扔掉废物前三思）提示要减少扔掉的垃圾量。F项“Cut down on how much you throw in the waste.”与“回收”主题一致。
34．本段后文提到“加热水需要很多能量”“不要总是用热水洗衣服”“用冷水洗衣服”。空格处应该是本段的小标题，总结“少用热水”。B项“Use less hot water.”完美匹配。
35．小标题是“Spread the word.”（传播知识），且前文说“教给他们你学到的知识，让你的家和学校尽可能绿色环保”。空格处应承接前文，说明传播知识的目的是让他人意识到环保的重要性。G项“Let them know the importance of being a greener person.”承接上文和亲友老师科普。
36．greenhouse
【解析】句意：石油燃烧获取能源是产生温室气体的主要原因之一。根据“The burning of oil for energy is one of the main causes...”可知，石油燃烧是产生温室气体的原因，greenhouse gases表示“温室气体”，名词greenhouse作定语修饰“gases”。
37．Recycling
【解析】句意：回收利用是指将废弃物转化为材料，用于制造新产品。根据“means turning waste into materials to make new things.”可知，此处指的是回收利用，recycle“回收利用”符合语境，在句中作主语，需要变为动名词形式Recycling。
38．natural
【解析】句意：木材是一种天然的材料。根据“Wood is a...material.”和提示词可知，木材是天然的材料，nature“大自然”，名词，其形容词为natural“天然的、自然的”，作定语，修饰名词material。
39．burning
【解析】句意：我们应该停止燃烧石油来获取能源。固定搭配stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事情”。burn是动词，意为“燃烧”，此处需要变为动名词burning，stop burning oil即“停止燃烧石油”。故填burning。
40．used
【解析】句意：这些瓶子可以再次被使用。本句为含有情态动词的被动语态，结构是“情态动词+be+动词过去分词”，use的过去分词是used。
41．pollution
【解析】句意：工厂因造成严重空气污染而关闭。固定短语air pollution表示“空气污染”，此处需要填名词“污染”，英文为pollution。
42．habitats
【解析】句意：许多野生动物处于危险之中，因为它们的栖息地正在被破坏。句中空格前为形容词性物主代词“their”，空格后为谓语“are being destroyed”，因此空格处应填名词作主语，且由“are”可知主语为复数。“栖息地”对应英文名词“habitat”，其复数形式为规则变化，直接加“-s”。故填habitats。
43．litter
【解析】句意：请不要把垃圾扔在地上。drop为及物动词，后面可以直接接不可数名词作宾语，litter属于不可数名词，含义为“垃圾”，符合语境。故填litter。
44．plastic-free
【解析】句意：我们应该使用无塑料的袋子来减少污染。括号内中文提示“无塑料的”对应的英文表达是“plastic-free”，在句中作定语，修饰名词“bags”。
45．setback
【解析】句意：尽管遭遇挫折，他仍继续努力。定冠词“the”后接名词，“挫折”对应的名词是setback。“the”表示特指，特指这一次挫折，用单数，故填setback。
46．get stuck in
【解析】中文关键含义是“卡在……里”。对应的英语常用表达是get stuck in。句中有关键词often，提示使用一般现在时。主语Bears’ heads是复数形式，因此谓语动词get使用原形。
47．in the air
【解析】原句中“在空气中”是关键词，表示“在空气中”的短语是in the air。“在……里/中”常用介词in；“空气”的英文是air，特指周围的大气环境时，前面通常加定冠词the。故填in；the；air，符合语义和语法要求。
48．On average
【解析】原句中“平均来看”是关键词，对应的英文固定搭配是“on average”。该短语在句中作状语，修饰整句话，因其位于句首，所以第一个单词的首字母需要大写。故填On；average。
49．break down
【解析】原句中“分解”是关键词，在英语中常用短语 break down 来表示（物质）分解、瓦解。本句考查固定句型 take + 时间 + to do sth.，意为“花费……时间去做某事”，不定式符号to后应接动词原形，故依次填break；down。
50．reuse
【解析】原句中“重复利用”是关键词，中文“重复利用”对应的英文动词为reuse，句中的should是情态动词，后面必须接动词原形reuse。
51．hotter 52．impossible 53．plants 54．finding 55．but 56．hundred 57．die 58．water 59．happen 60．their
【导语】本文预测全球气候变暖带来的一系列后果：多地气温升高、降水减少，干旱加剧，植物难以生长，人类获取食物变得困难；北极冰川融化，极地动物濒临灭绝，海平面上升威胁沿海城市；同时全球范围内飓风、台风等极端天气会增多，威胁人们的家园。文章警示气候变化带来的各类严峻危机。
【解析】51．句意：科学家称很多地区将会变得更炎热，降雨量减少。be动词后接形容词作表语，much修饰形容词比较级，根据后文“and it’s going to rain less”可知，降雨少，天气变炎热，hot“炎热”符合语境，其比较级为hotter。
52．句意：非洲一些国家常年干旱，人们几乎很难找到食物和水源。be动词后接形容词作表语，因为天气干旱，因此找到食物和水源是比较困难的，possible“可能的”对应的反义词为impossible“不可能的”。
53．句意：在南欧和美国，植物将会更难生长。for后接名词作宾语，气候干旱，不利于植物生长，plant“植物”，需用复数plants表示泛指。
54．句意：那里的人们未来获取食物也会遇到难题。have problems (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”，动词要变动名词，find“找到”，符合干旱找不到食物的语境，此处需用动名词形式finding。
55．句意：没人知道气温会上升多少，但是科学家表示升温至少2摄氏度。前一句“没人知道气温会上升多少”，后一句“科学家称至少上升2℃”，前后语义转折，用转折连词but。
56．句意：他们说，北极的冰川将在未来一百年内融化，当地很多动物将会消亡。in the next hundred years“在接下来一百年”，符合一般将来时的描述，hundred符合语境。
57．句意：他们说，北极的冰川将在未来一百年内融化，当地很多动物将会消亡。are going to后接动词原形，北极冰川融化，栖息地消失，大量动物将会消亡，die“死亡”符合语境。
58．句意：海洋中的水量也会增多，沿海城市将会因此消失。There is句型后接名词单数或不可数名词，北极冰川融化，大量冰水汇入海洋，海里会有更多水，海平面上升。water表“水”，不可数名词，无需变形。
59．句意：科学家表示，这类风暴将会在全球各地出现，许多人将会失去自己的家园。are going to后接动词原形，“Another problem is that there are going to be more hurricanes and typhoons”可知，此处表示飓风和台风发生，happen“发生”，符合语境。
60．句意：科学家表示，这类风暴将会在全球各地出现，许多人将会失去自己的家园。homes为名词，需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词形式为their，表示他们的家园。
61．unusual 62．rapidly 63．looks 64．peaceful 65．throwing 66．a 67．feeding 68．and 69．as 70．given
【导语】本文介绍了家附近一座小公园，作者把它当作秘密花园，同时呼吁人们爱护公园环境，保护湖里的天鹅。
【解析】61．句意：它是一个不同寻常的地方，非常适合我周末探寻。此处需要形容词作定语，根据“because it’s perfect for my weekend exploration”和英文字母提示可知，此处用usual的反义词unusual，表达“不同寻常”的地方。
62．句意：随着气温迅速下降，树叶像蝴蝶一样飘落到地上。此处修饰动词falling，要用副词，rapid的副词形式是rapidly。
63．句意：湖面十分平静，看起来像一面镜子，黑白天鹅在水面上游弋。and连接并列谓语，主语It是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，动词用单三形式looks。
64．句意：周末，我在湖边找一处宁静的地方看天鹅游水。修饰名词place要用形容词，peace的形容词形式是peaceful，意为“宁静的”。
65．句意：心怀善意的游客常常把面包和蔬菜扔进湖里投喂它们。介词by后面接动名词作宾语，by doing sth.表示“通过做某事”，throw的动名词形式是throwing。
66．句意：出发点虽是善意，但过一会儿，食物残渣就会漂浮在湖面上。固定短语after a while意为“过一会儿”。
67．句意：每当我看到人们投喂天鹅的时候，我就走近他们，委婉地解释：这样做既会污染水源，也会伤害天鹅以及它们的栖息地。see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调看见动作正在发生，所以此处用feed的现在分词形式feeding。
68．句意：每当我看到人们投喂天鹅的时候，我就走近他们，委婉地解释：这样做既会污染水源，也会伤害天鹅以及它们的栖息地。pollute the water与hurt the swans是并列关系，用并列连词and连接。
69．句意：我把这座花园看作我和周围自然界之间的纽带。固定搭配consider…as…意为“把……看作……”。
70．句意：这是属于我的特别之地，它留给我许许多多美好的回忆。本句为现在完成时，结构为“has+动词过去分词”，所以此处用give的过去分词given。
71．In his science class. 72．His own reusable bag. 73．He separated the waste into different groups: paper and cardboard, plastic bottles, and food waste. 74．He told his dad to stop leaving the TV on when he wasn’t watching it. 75．He feels happy.
【导语】本文讲述了作者将课堂上学到的绿色生活理念付诸实践的经历。
【解析】71．根据第一段“Today, I learned a lot about living green in my science class.”可知，作者是在科学课上学到绿色生活相关内容的。
72．根据第二段“I brought my own reusable bag instead of asking for a plastic one.”可知，作者去超市时自带了一个可重复使用的袋子。
73．根据第三段第一、二句“Then, when I got home, I separated all the waste in the bin into different groups. I put paper and cardboard together, plastic bottles in another bag, and food waste in a small bowl.”可知，作者回家后把垃圾进行了分类处理：纸和纸板放在一起，塑料瓶装进另一个袋子，食物垃圾放进小碗里。
74．根据第四段第二句“And I told my dad to stop leaving the TV on when he wasn’t watching it.”可知，作者告诉爸爸在不看电视的时候不要把电视开着。
75．根据最后一段第一句“I feel happy today.”可知，作者在做了这些环保行动后感到很开心。
76．参考范文：
Save the Earth: Let’s Do Our Part!
As we all know, the earth is our only home. However, it is facing many environmental problems.
Protecting the environment means protecting ourselves. As middle school students, we should take action immediately. First, we can save water and electricity in our daily life by turning off lights when leaving. Second, it is better to go to school on foot or by bike instead of taking cars to reduce air pollution. Third, we are supposed to plant more trees to make our city greener. Also, sorting rubbish for recycling is a good habit.
Let’s work together to make our home more beautiful!
【解析】写作步骤
【第一步：审题立意】
确定文体：应用文，以一般现在时和情态动词为主
明确要点：环保意义、具体行动、发出呼吁
确定人称：第一人称复数（We/Our）为主，增强号召力
注意事项：字数80-100词，不得出现真实姓名校名，开头已给出
【第二步：构思布局】
三段式结构：
开头段（已给出）：引出话题，指出地球面临环境问题
主体段：阐述环保意义+列举具体措施
结尾段：总结全文，发出呼吁
【第三步：要点展开】
要点一：环保意义
核心句：Protecting the environment is protecting ourselves/To protect the environment is to protect ourselves.等
逻辑连接：Therefore/So/As a result等
要点二：具体行动
行动选择：save water/electricity/go to school on foot/by bike/plant trees/sort rubbish/reduce air pollution等
句型运用：We should.../It is important to.../We are supposed to.../Why not...等
要点三：呼吁
升华主题：Let’s take action now!/Small actions make a big difference./Together we can make the earth better.等
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